Cufsm Tutorial 1

CUFSM2.
Tutorial 1
• Default Cee section in bending
• Objective
To introduce CUFSM and the finite strip method and gain a
rudimentary understanding of how to perform an analysis and
interpret the results.
• A the end of the tutorial you should be able to
– enter simple geometry
– enter loads (stresses)
– perform a finite strip analysis
– manipulate the post-processor
– identify and understand different buckling modes
SELECT
Cross-section geometry is
entered by filling out the nodes
3. SELECT
and the elements, e.g., node 6 is
at coordinate 0.0,6.0 **separate
your entries by single spaces**
1. UNCHECK
We will discuss more about all
2. CHECK those 1’s after the nodal
coordinates and the last column
in the Nodes section later on.
You can always press the ‘?’
buttons if you want to learn
more now.
Let’s take a look at the
elements. (follow the arrows)
Elements define how the
3. SELECT geometry is connected, how
thick the member is, and what
material a particular element is
composed of.
1. UNCHECK For example element 5,
connects nodes 5 and 6 together,
has a thickness of 0.04 in. and
2. CHECK uses material “100” - material
100 is defined above in the
Material Properties Section.
Let’s take a look at the loading.
(follow the arrows)
Each node has a “stress”
3. SELECT assigned to it. Our analysis will
give a “buckling load factor”
that is a multiplier times the
inputted stresses.
In this case the stresses amount
to a pure bending case with
fy=50 ksi.
1. UNCHECK Let’s take a look at the stress
2. CHECK distribution. (follow the arrows)
1 2
select 1, use the

robust solver,
analysis will
proceed, then The stress distribution (the
select 2 loading) is clearly shown to be
pure bending.
Note the “Lengths” below.
These are the half-wavelengths
that we will analyze. Each half-
wavelength has a different
buckling load factor.
Let’s Analyze and then go to the
Post processor to view the
results.
2 select 1, 4 times, This screen shows what “Post”
until the red circle looks like after you analyze.
below moves to 5.0, The buckling mode for the first
then select 2, to data point is shown above.
1 view the buckling Select different half-
mode wavelengths using the arrow
buttons above and plot the
different mode shapes. The
minima of the buckling curve
below identify important
locations to examine.
“red circle”= where you are at

2 select 1, until the red The local buckling mode is
circle moves to 60.0, shown to the left. The mode
then select 2, to repeats at a half-wavelength of
view the distortional 5.0 in. (See summary above plot
1 buckling mode and numbers below in the
buckling curve). The buckling
load factor is 0.17 for local
note, the scale of the
buckling. This means elastic
buckling mode is
critical local buckling occurs at
arbitrary! 1 or -1 are
0.17 times the stress distribution
equally valid, as is 0.5 or
entered - remember the stress
4, or any other convenient
magnitudes from before?
multiplier.
3
The distortional buckling mode
follow 1,2,3 to take a
is shown to the left. The mode
look at the buckling
1 2 repeats at a half-wavelength of
modes in 3D
60.0 in. The buckling load
factor is 0.31. This means
elastic critical distortional
buckling occurs at 0.31 times
the stress distribution entered.
2 this is distortional
buckling, select 1
and go back to 5.0,
then select 2, let’s
look at local
1 buckling first
The lengths that are The 3D plot to the left shows
analyzed in the plot local buckling at a half-
below are selected wavelength of 5.0 in. Note, the
by the user. Let’s 2D plot presented earlier shows
add some points in the maximum cross-section
the circled sections deflected shape only.
below to smooth
out our plot. - CUFSM finite strip analysis
Select input - assumes a single half sine wave
in the longitudinal direction (as
shown). Return to a half-
wavelength of 60 in. to see the
distortional buckling mode.
2 3
select 2, use the

robust solver,
analysis will
proceed, then
select 3
1. Add the additional “lengths below”. All the

half-wavelengths that are entered below are
analyzed. If you are only concerned about a
particular range of half-wavelength (e.g., local
buckling) then you may remove some lengths.
The analysis results for all of Q: What would happen if I
the lengths are shown below. assumed the member always
buckled in two half sine waves
Q: Why is the load factor at a
(i.e a full sine wave) instead of
half-wavelength of 10 in.
one?
greater than at 5.0 in?
A: You would see the same
A: Because the analysis always
buckling curve, but it would be
assumes buckling is in a single
translated to the right. For
half sine wave, this may not be
example - local buckling has a
how the actual member buckles.
minimum at 5.0 in. for one half
sine wave, and will have a
minimum at (2)(5.0) = 10.0 in.
for two half sine waves.
See next slide for result

(1) (2)
This is the same buckling curve This is a specially constructed
we have been looking at for the curve, in which two half sine
Cee in bending. Note the familiar waves have been assumed
minimums: local at 5.0 in., and throughout the analysis of the Cee
distortional at 60.0 in. in bending. Note now that local
occurs at (2)(5.0) = 10.0 in., and
This curve, like all other finite
distortional at (2)(60.0) = 120.0 in.
strip analysis generated by
CUFSM assumes a single half In a real structure the buckling
sine wave in the longitudinal mode is free to form any number
direction. of half sine waves - therefore only
the minimums of the first curve
are of primary interest.
Q: What would 3 half sine waves look like? 4?

CUFSM2.5
Tutorial 1: Conclusion
• Default Cee section in bending
• Objective
To introduce CUFSM and the finite strip method and gain a
rudimentary understanding of how to perform an analysis and
interpret results.
• A the end of the tutorial you should be able to
– enter geometry
– enter loads (stresses)
– perform a finite strip analysis
– manipulate the post-processor
– identify and understand different buckling modes

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CUFSM2.

select 1, use the

“red circle”= where you are at

select 2, use the

1. Add the additional “lengths below”. All the

See next slide for result

Q: What would 3 half sine waves look like? 4?

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