Syllabus of BSC

ACADEMIC
REGULATIONS
&
SYLLABUS
Faculty of Applied Sciences
Master of Science Programme

(Physics)
© CHARUSAT 2013 Page 2 of 100
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Education Campus – Changa, (ECC), hitherto a conglomerate of institutes of professional

education in Engineering, Pharmacy, Computer Applications, Management, Applied
Sciences, Physiotherapy and Nursing, is one of the choicest destinations by students. It
has been transformed into Charotar University of Science and Technology
(CHARUSAT) through an Act by Government of Gujarat. CHARUSAT is permitted to
grant degrees under Section-22 of UGC- Govt. of India.
The journey of CHARUSAT started in the year 2000, with only 240 Students, 4
Programmes, one Institute and an investment of about Rs. 3 Crores (INR 30 million). At
present there are seven different institutes falling under ambit of six different faculties.
The programmes offered by these faculties range from undergraduate (UG) to Ph.D
degrees including M.Phil. These faculties, in all offer 32 different programmes. A quick
glimpse in as under:
Faculty Institute Programmes

Offered
Faculty of Technology & Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of B.Tech
Engineering Technology M.Tech
Ph.D
Faculty of Pharmacy Ramanbhai Patel College of B.Pharm
Pharmacy M.Pharm
Ph.D
Faculty of Management Studies Indukaka Ipcowala Institute of M.B.A
Management PGDM
Ph.D
Faculty of Computer Science & Smt. Chandaben Mohanbhai Patel M.C.A.
Applications Institute of Computer Applications M.Sc.(IT)
Ph.D
Faculty of Applied Sciences P. D. Patel Institute of Applied M.Sc
Sciences M.Phil
Ph.D
Faculty of Medical Sciences Charotar Institute of Physiotherapy B.PT
Charotar Institute of Nursing B.Sc (Nursing)
G.N.M.

The development and growth of the institutes have already led to an investment of over
Rs.80 crores (INR 800 Million). The future outlay is planned with an estimate of Rs. 250
Crores (INR 2500 Million).
The University is characterized by state-of-the-art infrastructural facilities, innovative

teaching methods and highly learned faculty members. The University Campus sprawls
over 105 acres of land and is Wi-Fi enabled. It is also recognized as the Greenest Campus
of Gujarat.
CHARUSAT is privileged to have 350 core faculty members, educated and trained in IITs,
IIMs and leading Indian Universities, and with long exposure to industry. It is also proud
of its past students who are employed in prestigious national and multinational
corporations.
From one college to the level of a forward-looking University, CHARUSAT has the vision
of entering the club of premier Universities initially in the country and then globally.
High Moral Values like Honesty, Integrity and Transparency which have been the
foundation of ECC continue to anchor the functioning of CHARUSAT. Banking on the
world class infrastructure and highly qualified and competent faculty, the University is
expected to be catapulted into top 20 Universities in the coming five years. In order to
align with the global requirements, the University has collaborated with internationally
reputed organizations like Pennsylvania State University – USA, University at Alabama at
Birmingham – USA, Northwick Park Institute –UK, ISRO, BARC, etc.
CHARUSAT has designed curricula for all its programmes in line with the current
international practices and emerging requirements. Industrial Visits, Study Tours, Expert
Lectures and Interactive IT enabled Teaching Practice form an integral part of the unique
CHARUSAT pedagogy.

The programmes are credit-based and have continuous evaluation as an important feature.
The pedagogy is student-centred, augurs well for self-learning and motivation for enquiry
and research, and contains innumerable unique features like:
• Participatory and interactive discussion-based classes.
• Sessions by visiting faculty members drawn from leading academic institutions
and industry.
• Regular weekly seminars.
• Distinguished lecture series.
• Practical, field-based projects and assignments.
• Summer training in leading organizations under faculty supervision in relevant
programmes.
• Industrial tours and visits.
• Extensive use of technology for learning.
• Final Placement through campus interviews.
Exploration in the field of knowledge through research and development and

comprehensive industrial linkages will be a hallmark of the University, which will mould
the students for global assignments through technology-based knowledge and critical
skills.
The evaluation of the student is based on grading system. A student has to pursue his/her
programme with diligence for scoring a good Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA)
and for succeeding in the chosen profession and life.
CHARUSAT welcomes you for a Bright Future

CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
M.Sc. (Physics)
Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT)

CHARUSAT Campus, At Post: Changa – 388421, Taluka: Petlad, District: Anand
Phone: 02697-247500, Fax: 02697-247100, Email: [email protected]
www.charusat.ac.in
Year – 2013

CHARUSAT
FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS

To ensure uniform system of education, duration of post graduate programmes,
eligibility criteria for and mode of admission, credit load requirement and its
distribution between course and system of examination and other related aspects,
following are the academic rules and regulations.
1. System of Education
The Semester system of education shall be followed across The Charotar University of
Science and Technology (CHARUSAT) at Master’s levels. Each semester will be at
least 90 working day duration. Every enrolled student will be required to do a
specified course work in the chosen subject of specialization and also complete a
project/dissertation if any. Medium of instruction will be English
2. Duration of Programme
Postgraduate programme (M.Sc.)

Minimum 4 semesters (2 academic years)
Maximum 6 semesters (3 academic years)
The maximum limit can be extended by 1 or 2 semester subject to the
approval of university on case to case basis.
3. Eligibility for admissions
For the admission to M.Sc., programs in the subject of

Biological/Physical/Mathematical/Chemical Sciences a candidate must have
obtained a Degree of Bachelor of Science from any recognized University or a
Degree recognized as equivalent thereto, with minimum Second Class.
4. Mode of admissions
Admission to M.Sc. programme will purely on combined merit of admission test

and performance at graduation.

5. Programme structure and Credits
A student admitted to a program should study the course and earn credits
specified in the course structure. (Please refer Annexure-A)
6. Attendance
6.1 All activities prescribed under these regulations and listed by the course faculty
members in their respective course outlines are compulsory for all students
pursuing the courses. No exemption will be given to any student from attendance
except on account of serious personal illness or accident or family calamity that
may genuinely prevent a student from attending a particular session or a few
sessions. However, such unexpected absence from classes and other activities will
be required to be condoned by the Dean/Principal.
6.2 Student attendance in a course should be 80%.
7. Course Evaluation
7.1 The performance of every student in each course will be evaluated as follows:
7.1.1 Internal evaluation by the course faculty member(s) based on continuous
assessment, for 30% of the marks for the course; and
7.1.2 Final examination will be conducted by the University t for 70% of the
marks for the course.
7.2 Internal Evaluation

7.2.1 Internal evaluation will be based on internal tests and several other tools of
assessment like, quiz, viva, seminar etc., as prescribed by concerned
teacher and decided by the faculty.
7.3 Internal Institutional evaluation for practicals

7.3.1 One internal practical test/viva will be conducted per semester totaling to
30 % internal marks for practicals
7.3.2 In “Continuous evaluation” Students shall be evaluated in a continuous
manner for their involvement in the practical, aptitude for learning,
completion of practical related assignments, regularity in the practicals and
record keeping
7.4 University Examination

7.4.1 The final examination by the University for 70% of the evaluation for the
course will be through written paper or practical test or oral test or
presentation by the student or a combination of any two or more of these.
7.4.2 In order to earn the credit in a course a student has to obtain grade other
than FF.

7.5 Performance at Internal & University Examination
7.5.1 Minimum performance with respect to internal marks as well as university
examination will be an important consideration for passing a course.
Details of minimum percentage of marks to be obtained in the
examinations are as follows
Minimum marks in University Minimum marks

Exam per subject Overall per subject
40% 50%
7.5.1. If a candidate obtains minimum required marks per subject but fails to
obtain minimum required overall marks, he/she has to repeat the university
examination till the minimum required overall marks are obtained.(As per
the clause 8.2(iv)
8 Grading
8.1 The internal evaluation marks and final University examination marks in
each course will be converted to a letter grade on a ten-point scale as per the following
scheme:
Grading Scheme:
Range of Marks ≥80 ≥75 ≥70 ≥65 ≥60 ≥55 ≥50 <50
(%) <80 <75 <70 <65 <60 <55
Letter Grade AA AB BB BC CC CD DD FF
Grade Point 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 0
8.2 The student’s performance in any semester will be assessed by the Semester
Grade Point Average (SGPA). Similarly, his performance at the end of two
or more consecutive semesters will be denoted by the Cumulative Grade
Point Average (CGPA). The SGPA and CGPA are calculated as follows:
(i) SGPA = ∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i

Gi is the Grade Point for the course i
and i = 1 to n, n = number of courses in the
semester
(ii) CGPA = ∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i

Gi is the Grade Point for the course i
and i = 1 to n, n = number of courses of all
semesters up to which CGPA is computed.
(iii) No student will be allowed to move further if CGPA is less than 3 at the
end of every academic year.

9. Awards of Degree
9.1 Every student of the programme who fulfils the following criteria will be
eligible for the award of the degree:
9.1.1 He/ She should have earned at least minimum required credits as prescribed
in course structure; and
9.1.2 He/ She should have cleared all internal and external evaluation
components in every course; and
9.1.3 He/ She should have secured a minimum CGPA of 5.0 at the end of the
programme;
9.1.4 In addition to above, the student has to complete the required formalities as
per the regulatory bodies.
9.2 The student who fails to satisfy minimum requirement of CGPA will be
allowed to improve the grades so as to secure a minimum CGPA for award of
degree. Only latest grade will be considered.
10 Award of Class:
The class awarded to a student in the programme is decided by the final CGPA as
per the following scheme:
Distinction: CGPA ≥ 7.5

First class: CGPA≥ 6.0
Second Class: CGPA≥ 5.0
11 Transcript:
The transcript issued to the student at the time of leaving the University will
contain a consolidated record of all the courses taken, credits earned, grades
obtained, SGPA,CGPA, class obtained, etc.

CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Syllabus
M.Sc Physics (Semester-I to IV)

Effective from June 2013-14

M.Sc. (Physics)
Aim: To motivate and nurture young talent in the field of science through concept-
based and inquiry-driven education, so that they can take up challenging research
and teaching assignments in universities, R & D institutions and various
industries.
Background:
Increasingly, in today’s times, there is a growing emphasis on the interdisciplinary
nature of science, and recognition of the importance of research experience. This
is only possible if one can make the learning of basic sciences exciting through a
creative and integrated approach to teaching.
The Charotar University of Science & Technology, a university for future
thinkers, will be starting a M.Sc. degree course in Physics from the year 2013-14.
The Programme focuses on the unified nature of science and aims to train some of
the brightest young minds of our country, mentored by some of the best
practitioners of science in India.
The hall mark of the Programme:

• A comprehensive programme that will enable the students to understand the basic
laws of nature and develop necessary skills to apply them to any desired area or
discipline.
• Small student-to-teacher ratio.
• Modern research and scientific environment will help every student excel in the
field of Physics.
• It integrates the conventional bachelors and masters' programmes into a more
holistic science education experience.

Outline
• The courses offered during the semesters, I to IV are comprehensive courses in all
areas of physics. It would help them make an informed judgment to determine
their real interest and their aptitude for a given subject.
• These courses are meant to give a flavor of the various approaches and analyses as
well as to prepare them for advanced courses in later years for research.
• In the semesters III and IV, students can choose advanced courses based on their
interest.
• The last two terms will have a component of a research project which student has
to perform complete the requirements of the Programme.
Intake: 20-30 Students

ANTEXURE-A
CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT)

Proposed subjects for M.Sc. Physics Programme
Total
Teaching scheme Theory Evaluation Practical Evaluation
Subject I +II
Subjects
Code Contact Total Total- Total-
L+T P Institute University Institute University
hrs. Credits I II
Mathematical
PS 701 Methods 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
in Physics
Classical
PS 702 3+1 4 4 30 70 100 100
Mechanics
PS 703 Electronics-I 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
Electromagnetic
Sem PS 704
theory-I
2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
I PS 705 Practical-I 9 9 6 60 140 200 200
Co-curricular
AW701 activity 2 1 Audit course
& Self study
Communication
CS 701 1+0 1 2 2 15 35 50 50
skill-I
29 25 650

Total
Subject I +II
Subjects
hrs. Credits I II
Computer
Programming
PS 706 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
and Numerical
Methods
Analytical
PS 707 3+1 4 4 30 70 100 100
techniques
PS 708 Electronics-II 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
Sem Quantum
PS 709 3+1 4 4 30 70 100 100
II Mechanics
PS 710 Practical-II 9 9 6 60 140 200 200
Co-curricular
AW702 activity 2 1 Audit course
& Self study
Communication
CS 702
skill-II
1+0 1 2 2 15 35 50 50
29 25 650


Total
Subject I +II
Subjects
hrs. Credits I II
Electromagnetic
PS 801 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
theory-II
Condensed
PS 802 3+1 4 4 30 70 100 100
Matter Physics
Thermodynamics
PS 803 & Statistical 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
Sem Mechanics
III PS 804 Practical-III 12 12 9 60 140 200 200
PS 805 Elective -I 1+1 2 2 15 35 50 25 75
to
PS 850 Elective-II 1+1 2 2 15 35 50 25 75
28 25 650

Total
Subject I +II
Subjects
hrs. Credits I II
Nuclear & Particle
PS 851 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
Physics
Atomic &
PS 852 2+2 4 4 30 70 100 100
Molecular Physics
PS 853 Practical-IV 3 3 3 15 35 50 50
Sem
IV PS 854 Project 14 10 100 150 250
PS 855 Elective -III 1+1 2 2 15 35 50 25 75
to
PS 900 Elective-IV 1+1 2 2 15 35 50 25 75
29 25 650

M. Sc. (Physics) Programme
SYLLABI
(Semester – I)

M.Sc Physics (Semester-I)
PS 701 Mathematical Methods in Physics
Credit: 4
A. Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to introduce students to various mathematical

methods useful in physics.
To explore the basics mathematical concepts.
To provide problem solving techniques using these mathematical methods.
B. Outline of the Course
Sr. No. Title of Unit Minimum

No. of hrs
1. Vector algebra & Vector Calculus 6h
2. Linear algebra 5h
3. Linear differential equations 9h
4. Special functions 10h
5. Fourier series & Fourier transform 5h
6. Elements of complex analysis 6h
7. Elementary idea about tensors & group theory 4h

A. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L + 2T]
1. Vector algebra [MLB-6]

2. Vector calculus [MLB-6]
3. Linear Algebra [MLB-3]
4 Linear differential equations [MLB-8, 13]
5. Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre, Legendre) [MLB-12]
6. Fourier series & Fourier transform [MLB-7]
7. Elements of complex analysis (Functions of a complex variable) [MLB-14]
8. Elementary idea about tensors & group theory [MLB-10]
B . Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The topics will be discussed in interactive class room sessions using classical black-board
teaching to power-point presentations. Practical sessions will be conducted in computer
laboratory. Special interactive problem solving sessions will be conducted by respective
faculty members on weekly bases during the tutorial session. Students will be trained as
per JRF method of examination. Unit tests will be conducted regularly as a part of
continuous evaluation and instruction will be provided to student in order to improve
their performance.
C. Student Learning Outcomes / objectives:
• The Programme aims at providing students with the methodological concepts and
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of physical sciences
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research.
• At the end students would gain experience in the problem solution which will
help him to clear JRF examination.

D. Recommended Study Material:
Text books/Reference books
1. Mary L Boss [MLB], Mathematical Methods in Physical Sciences, 3rd Edition,
John Wiley & Sons, India. {Text Book}.
2. Arfken & Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists (6th edition), Elsevier,
Academic Press (2012)
3. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics 8th Edition, Wiley India(p)
Ltd.,
4. M R Spiegel, Vector Analysis, New Yourk, McGraw Hill (1989)
5. Heading J, Matrix theory for physicists, London-Logmann Green& Co. (1958)
6. Gilbert J and L Gilbert, Linear Algebra & Matrix theory, Academic Press (1995).
7. Dass H K, Mathematical Physics, S Chand and company 2004
8. P K Chattopadhyay, Mathematical Physics, New Age Iint. P. Ltd., Delhi, 2006.
9. H Margenu, Mathematical physics, East-West Press, 1962.
10. Complex Variables and Applications – J.W.Brown, R.V. Churchill, 7th Ed. Mc-
Graw Hill
11. Complex Variables – Seymour Lipschutz
12. Mathematics of Classical and Quantum Physics – Byron, Fuller Dover (1992)
13. Linear Algebra – Seymour Lipschutz, Schaum Outlines Series- Mc-Graw Hill
edition
14. Mathematical Methods of Physics – Mathews & Walker – 2nd Edition- Pearson
Edition
15. Fourier Series - Seymour Lipschutz, Schaum Outlines Series
16. Laplace Transform - Seymour Lipschutz, Schaum Outlines Series
17. Mathematical Methods in Classical and Quantum Physics – Tulsi Das,
S.K.Sharma, University Press India.
18. Mathematical Methods in Physics – Butkov Addition Wesley Publishers.
19. Mathematical Physics, by B.D. Gupta
20. Mathematical Physics, by Rajput.
21. Mathematical Methods for Physicists and Engineers, by K.F. Reily, M.P. Hobson
and S.J. Bence

PS 702 Classical Mechanics

Credit: 4
The objective of the course is to introduce students to Newtonian mechanics.

To explore Lagrangian dynamics to solve the physics problems.
This course also covers concepts of Hamiltonian mechanics.
C. Outline of the Course
Sr No. Title of Unit Minimum No. of hrs
1. Newtonian Mechanics 3h
2. Variational Principle & Lagrangian formalism 12h
3. Two body central force problem 10h
4. Hamilton’s formalism 7h
5. Collisions and scattering 6h
6 Small oscillations 7h

D. Detailed syllabus. [3L+1T]
i. Principle of virtual work; constraints; D Alembert’s principle.

(Chapter 1, Goldstein)
ii. Generalized coordinates, velocities and momentum; Lagrange’s
formulation. (Chapter 1 & 2, Goldstein)
iii. Variational principles and Lagrange’s equations (Chapter 2,
Goldstein)
iv. Two-body central force problem (reduced mass); planet orbits.
(Chapter 3, Goldstein)
v. Collisions and scattering, CM and Lab frames, scattering cross
section. (Chap. 3, Goldstein)
vi. Principle of least action; formulation by Euler, Hamilton;
Liouvilless theorem. (Chapter 8 & 9, Goldstein)
vii. Hamilton’s equations; Poisson brackets. (Chapter 8 & 9,
Goldstein)
viii. Canonical transformations; Hamilton-Jacobi equation; generating
functions; (Chapter 10, Goldstein)
ix. Symmetries and conservation laws.
x. Small oscillations; Normal modes. (Chapter 6, Goldstein)
D. Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
The emphasis during Lecture sessions will be on Understanding of Concepts rather than
on complexities subject. Stress is also given on relevant illustrations provided from the
Real World processes. Sufficient home assignments will be given to the students which
will test their fundamentals and ability to relate concepts with reality.
E. Student Learning Outcomes / objectives:
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge in classical mechanics.

• At the end students would gain experience in the solving problems in classical
mechanics.
• Major emphasis under this course is given on numerical solution, which will make
them confident for JRF and any other competitive examinations.

F. Recommended Study Material:
1. Classical Mechanics, H Goldstein, 2nd edition, Addison Wesley Publishing
Company.
2. Classical Mechanics – N C Rana and P S Jog, Tata McGraw Hill, 1991
3. Classical Mechanics,- Yaswant Waghmere
4. Introduction Classical Mechanics - R. G. Takwale, P. S. Puranik, Tata McGraw
Hill
5. Classical Mechanics – System of particles and Hamiltonian Dynamics’ by Greiner,
Springer International Ed. 2006
6. Classical Mechanics by G.Aruldhas, PHI

PS 703 Electronics-I
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to Basics analog and digital
Electronics
b. This course also covers concepts of semiconductor physics and devices

1 Semiconductor device Physics 10h
2. Amplifiers 8h
3. Oscillators 4h
4. Digital circuits 8h
5. Counters & Shift registers 15h

C. Detailed syllabus. [2L+2T]
SECTION – I
1. Semiconductor Device Physics
Energy distribution of electrons in a metal, Fermi-Dirac function, density of states,
Electron emission from a metal, Carrier concentration in an intrinsic semiconductor,
Fermi level in a semiconductor having impurities,
Band structure of open circuit p-n junction, Basic semiconductor equations,
P-N diode, biasing and characteristics of BJT,
Opto-electronic devices: Photo transistor, LED, Photomultiplier and solar cells.
2. Amplifiers:
Low frequency, high frequency and power amplifiers
3. Oscillators:
Theory and principle of oscillators, Hartley and Collpitts oscillators, phase shift
oscillators, crystal oscillators, relaxation oscillator, Wein Bridge oscillators.
SECTION – II
1. Digital Circuits:
Number systems, BCD codes, Boolean algebra, De Morgans theorem,Half adder, Full
adder and subtractor. Flip Flop circuits.
2. COUNTERS:
Asynchronous and Synchronous (up and down)
Mode-N-counters and counters as frequency dividers.
3. SHIFT RESISTORS:
Basic shift resisters, Left right shift resistor, serial in and parallel out, Parallel in and serial-
out, Parallel-in and Parallel-out shift resistors, Multiplexers and Demultiplexers, A to D
and D to A conversion.
• At the end of the program students will have basic training in designing the
circuits as per the specification provided.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge in digital and analog circuits.
• Student will gain enough experience which will help them to understand next
semester course on advance electronics.

1. Integrated Electronics by Milman and Halkias
2. Electronics principles by Albert Malvino, Carrier Education publishers
3. Electronics Fundamentals and Applications by John D. Ryder
4. Fundamental of Electronics Devices by Milman and Halkias
5. Digital Principles and Application by Malvino and Leach
6. Digital Logic and Computer Design by M. Morris Malvino
7. Modern Digital Electronics by R. P. Jain; TataMcGraw Hill, New Delhi
8. Integrated Electronics by K. R. Botkar.
9. Electronic Devices & Components by J. Seymour.
10. Basic Electronics by Paul E. Zobar.
11. Elements of Microwave a Test Lab Manual by Rajeswari Chatterjee.

PS 704 Electromagnetic Theory-I
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to electrostatic and magnetic

theory
b. This course also covers concepts of electromagnetism and electrodynamics.
c. The emphasis is given for problem solving techniques.
1. Vector algebra and calculus 10h

2. Electrostatics 10h
3. Special Techniques 8h
4. Electric fields in matter 9h
5. Magnetostatics 8h

C Syllabus Topics [2L+2T]
1. Revision of vector algebra and coordinate systems.

Vector analysis: Differential and Integral Calculus, Dirac-delta function etc.
Numerical (Chapter 1, Griffith)
2. Electrostatics; The electric fields, divergence and curl of electrostatic fields,
electric potential, work-energy, conductors, Numerical (Chap. 2, Griffith)
3 Special Techniques: Laplace equation, Methods of Images, Separation of variables,
multi-pole expansion, Numerical (Chapter 3 Griffith)
4. Electric fields in Matter: Polarization, Field of a polarized object, electric
displacement, linear dielectrics. Numerical (Chapter 4, Griffith)
5. Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s equation, magnetic vector potential-
(Chap.5, Griffith)
• At the end of the program students will understand electrostatics and magneto
statics phenomena, which are useful in electrodynamics.
• Numerical solutions are the key factors which student will learn through this
course.
semester course on advance electrodynamics.

1. Introduction to Electrodynamics, David J. Griffiths, PHI publication, 3rd edition,
1999.
2. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 3rd
edition, 1998.
3. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics, Narayana Rao, N., Prentice-Hall of
India 5th Ed., 2002
4. Classical electromagnetic Theory by Jack Vanderlinde, John Wiley & sons, Inc.
1993.
5. Elements of Electromagnetics by Sadiku 2ndEd.Oxford Univ.Press. Inc. 1995
6. Classical Electrodynamics by Greiner, Springer Verlag, New York, Inc. 1998
7. Introduction to Electrodynamics, by A.Z.Capri and P.V.Panat, Narosa Publishing
House
8. Classical electricity & Magnetism, by panofsky and Phillips, Addison Wesley
9. Foundations of Electromagnetic theory, by Reitz & Milford, World student series
Edition.
10. Electromagnetic theory and Electrodynamics, by SatyaPrakash, KedarNath and co.
Meerut.
11. Special theory of Relativity by Robert Resnick.
12. Electromagnetics by B.B.Laud, Willey Eastern.

M.Sc. Physics
PS 705 Practical-I
Credit: 6 [9 hrs/week]
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to practical’s on mathematical

methods, Electromagnetics and electronics.
b. In this course, students will design the electronics circuits.

1. Mathematical Physics based experiments 3hrs/week
3. Electronics based experiments 6 hrs/week
EM theory based experiments
List of the experiments will be decided based on the theory taught and student interest.
These experiments (1 & 2) will be carried out using MATLAB software.

SYLLABI
(Semester – II)

M.Sc Physics (Semester-II)
PS 706 Computer programming and Numerical Analysis
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to computer programming.

b. This course also covers concepts of Numerical analysis..
c. The emphasis is given for writing number of programs and solving physics based
equations using numerical analysis techniques.
1. Elements of C-language 8h
2. Simple C-programming 10h
3. Control and loop structures 9h
4. Arrays and functions 8h
5. Elements of Numerical methods 10h

Prerequisite
Introduction to computer, types of programming languages
Syllabus Topics
1. Elements of C Language
2. Simple C programs
3. Control structures
4. Loop structure
5. Arrays
6. Functions: User defined & library functions
7. Elements of Numerical methods:
a. Root of functions,
b. Interpolation,
c. Extrapolation,
d. Integration by trapezoid and Simpson’s rule,
e. Solution of first order differential equation using Runge-Kutta method.
f. Finite difference methods.
The emphasis during Lecture sessions will be on Understanding of Concepts of computer

programming. Stress is also given on relevant illustrations provided from the physics
based numerical. Sufficient home assignments will be given to the students which will
test their fundamentals and ability to relate concepts with reality.
• At the end of the program students will understand how to write basic programs
using C-language.
• Higher order equations will be solved using numerical methods.
• Student will gain enough experience which will help them to write their own
programs.

Text Books:
C Language and Numerical Methods by C. Xavier, New Age International Publication
Reference Books:
1. Programming with C, Byron Gottfried, Schaum’s outlines, McGraw Hill
Publications
2. Let Us C, Yashwant P Kanetkar, BPB Publications
3. C for Beginners, Madhusudan Mothe, Shroff pubshers
4. Programming in C, E Balagurusamy, Tata McGraw-Hill Education
5. Computer Oriented Numerical Methods, V. Rajaraman, PHI Learning Publisher
6. Numerical Methods with Programs in C & C++, T Veerarajan, T Ramachandran,
Tata McGraw Hill

PS 707 Analytical techniques
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to different types of

experimental techniques available..
b. This course will expose student to state of art equipments and their utility...
c. The emphasis is given more on analyzing of the data and operating skills.
1. Structural characterization-I 8h
2. Structural characterization-II 10h
3. Optical & electron spectroscopy 9h
4. EDAX,XPS, SIMS etc 8h
5. Magnetic characterizations techniques 10h

1. Structural characterization-I
X-ray diffraction: Powder diffraction basics, lattice parameter calculation, particle
size determination, structural identification, Introduction to small angle
scattering techniques (X-ray & Neutron), Examples.
2. Structural characterization-II
Basic concepts of Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron
microscopy, size and size distribution methods, SPM, Concept of Dynamic light
scattering and basics of Particle size analyzer, Examples.
3. Optical spectroscopy: absorption and transmission spectroscopy, PL, IR & FTIR,
Electron spectroscopy
4. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, XPS, AES, SIMS
5. Other Characterizations techniques
Brief introduction of Raman Spectroscopy Magnetic characterization (SQUID,
Ac-sus ), Thermal characterization: TGA.DSC etc.
teaching to power-point presentations. Practical sessions will be conducted in a highly equipped
laboratory. Experiments will be performed and analyzed by students individually. Special
interactive problem solving sessions will be also conducted by respective faculty members on
weekly bases. Course materials will be provided to the students from various primary and
secondary sources of information. Unit tests will be conducted regularly as a part of continuous
evaluation and suggestions will be given to student in order to improve their performance.
• The Programme aims at providing students with the methodological concepts and tools
needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of instrumentation
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research.
• At the end students would gain experience in using these tools and analyzing the data.

1. Nanostructures & Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and applications, Guozhong Cao,

Imperial College Press. 2007.
2. Instrumental methods of analysis by Williard Merritt Dean Settle, 7th Ed. CBS
publishers and distributors Pvt. Ltd.,
3. Transmission electron microscopy A textbook for material science, by David
Williams and C Barry Carter, Vol. 1-4 Springer

PS 708 Electronics-II
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to operational amplifiers and

their applications.
b. This course also covers concepts of microprocessor and controlled devices
1. Op-Amplifier characteristics 10h

2. IC and 555 timers 10h
3. Microprocessor programming 15h
4. Microprocessor controlled devices. 10h

SECTION – I
Characteristics & Applications of Op-Amp:
Op-amps as differential, Instrumentation amplifier, comparator.
Filters: Low pass, high pass, band and notch filters, circuits with operation Amplifier.
Applications: Voltage to current converter, constant current source, Temperature to
voltage converters,
Signal Generator: Monoshot, free running, triangle and sawtooth wave generators.
D to A and A to D convertor, R-2R ladder network, 8 bit D to A converter, Microprocessor
compatibility of ADC and DAC, sample and hold amplifier, Integrating ADC and
successive approximation ADCs.
Integrated Circuit 555 Timers:
Operating modes and functioning of 555 timer, Astable, monostable operation , counters,
Frequency divider, Timers circuits and applications,
Linear IC regulators: 3-pin voltage regulators with unregulated power supply,
Adjustable three 1terminal positive and negative voltage regulators with Circuit analysis.
SECTION – II
Microprocessor Architecture and Programming:
Encoders, Decoders, Buffers, 8085 Intel microprocessor architecture,
Memory Interfacing, Memory organization, types of memory, Memory mapping,
8085 control lines, ALU, Flags, registers, data and address bus. I/O mapped I/O and
memory mapped I/O, status signals,
8085 Assembly language and its instruction set, basic instructions; addressing modes,
data transfer, arithmetic operations, logic operations, branch operations, 16 bit arithmetic
operations, memory operation, rotate, compare operations, counters and delay and various
assembly language programs.
Op-code Feteh operation, execution of instruction, instruction cycle, machine cycle,
memory read, memory write, I/O read, I/O write, Timing diagram, stack and subroutine,
8085 Interrupts, RSTO to RST7 as software interrupts, General purpose programmed
peripheral Interface 8255, interrupt controller serial and data communication, DMA
controller 8257, programmable keyboard/display interface 8279.
Microprocessor Controlled Devices:
Interfacing of Strain Gauge Transducer with 8085 µP, Interface control of Traffic Light
signal, Stepper Motor Control, Interfacing of ADC 0800 with µP, Interfacing of Analog to
Digital and Digital to Analog devices.

• At the end of the program students will have better understanding of integrated
circuits and design.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge in microprocessor based
programming and devices..
• Student will gain enough experience in practical’s based on the topics discussed in
the class room

1. Op-amp and Linear Integrated circuits: Ramakant Gayakwad, PHI
2. Operational Amplifier and Linear IC, RF Coughlin and F. F. Driscoll, PHI
3. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Application, R. S. Gaonkar,
Penram International Co.
4. Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements Techniques, Hilfrick and
Cooper, PHI
5. Digital Principles and Application, A. P. Malvino and D. Leach, TMH.
6. Microprocessor and Programming, B. Ram, Dhanpatrai Pub.
7. Microcomputers and Microprocessors : - Uffenbeck - PHI 8080, 8085 and Z-80
Programming.
8. Microprocessors: Theory and Applications by M. Rafiquzzaman, Printice Hall
International Inc.
9. Introduction to Microprocessors by A. P. Mathur, Tata Mac Graw Hill Publishing
Co. Ltd. New Delhi.
10. The 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture, Programing and Application
-Kenneth J Ayala, Penram International.

PS 709 Quantum Mechanics
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to Basic quantum mechanics

concepts.
b. This course also covers numerical based on the quantum concepts.
c. Application of quantum mechanics to Physics problems.
1. Historical development of QM and postulates 10h

2. Operators and Schrodinger equations 10h
3. Application of Schrodinger’s equations 15h
4. Perturbation theory and Hydrogen atoms 10h

C Syllabus Topics: [3L+1T]
• Historical developments leading to Quantum Mechanics;
• Postulates of Quantum Mechanics;
• Operators, Eigen functions and Eigen values; Commutators;
• State function and expectation values;
• Time independent Schrodinger equation; Time dependent Schrodinger equation;
• Ehrenfest’s theorem;
• One dimensional problems – bound and unbound states; Angular momentum
operator;
• Particle in a one dimensional square well potential:
o Perfectly rigid walls & finite potential step
• Harmonic Oscillator
• Tunneling through single and double barriers
• First Order Perturbation theory and simple applications
• Electrons in EM field: Landau levels
• Particle in a three dimensional box
• Orbital Angular Momentum and Intrinsic Spin
• Hydrogen atom
• At the end of the program students will have better understanding quantum
mechanics
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge in application of QM.

1. Liboff, R. L., Introductory Quantum Mechanics, 4th Edition, Pearson Education,

2003
2. Schiff, L. I., Quantum Mechanics, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010
3. Schwabl, F., Quantum Mechanics, Narosa, 1992
4. Greiner, W., Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction, 4th Edition, Springer (India),
2008
5. Merzbacher, E., Quantum Mechanics, 3rd Edition, John Wiley, 2005
6. Ghatak, A. and Lokanathan, S., Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Applications, 5th
Edition, Macmillan
7. Griffiths, D. J., Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education, 2005
8. J.L. Powell and B. Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Narosa Publishing House,
(1993).
9. J. J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum mechanics
10. R. Eisberg and R.Resnick, Quantum Physics
11. A Text-book of Quantum Mechanics by P.M.Mathews and K.Venkatesan.

PS 710 Practical-II
Credit: 6 [9 hrs/week]
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to practical’s using

operational amplifier circuits.
b. Microprocessor based programming will be carried out by the students.
c. In this course, students will design the electronics circuits.
1. Operational Amplifier based experiments 6hrs/week

2. Microprocessor based experiments
3. Microprocessor controlled devices 3 hrs/week

SYLLABI
(Semester – III)

M.Sc Physics (Semester-III)
PS 801 Electromagnetic Theory-II
(Effective from June 2014)
Credit: 4
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to electrostatic and magnetic

theory
b. This course also covers concepts of electromagnetism and electrodynamics.
c. The emphasis is given for problem solving techniques.
1. Magnetic Field in matters 10h

2. Electrodynamics 10h
3. Electromagnetic waves 8h
4. Potentials and fields 9h
5. Radiations 8h

C. Syllabus Topics:
1. Magnetic fields in matters: Magnetization, field of magnetized bodies, Auxiliary

field, linear and nonlinear media.. (Chap. 6, Griffith)
2. Electrodynamics: Electromotive forces, Induction, Maxwell’s equations. (Chap. 7,
Griffith)
3. Electromagnetic waves: Waves in one dimension, electromagnetic waves in
vacuum, EM waves in matter, Absorption and dispersion, Wave guides (Chap. 9,
Griffith)
4. Potentials and fields: The potential formulation, continuous distribution, retarded
potentials, Lienard-Wiechert potentials, the field of moving point charges, and
Antenna (Chap. 10, Griffith)
5. Radiation: Dipole radiation, Radiation by point charges. (Chap. 11, Griffith)
teaching to power-point presentations. Practical sessions will be conducted in the
per JRF method of examination. Unit tests and assignments will be conducted regularly as
a part of continuous evaluation and instruction will be provided to student in order to
improve their performance.
• At the end of the program students will understand magnetic field interaction and
potential which are useful in electrodynamics.
• Numerical solutions are the key factors which student will learn through this
course.
semester course on advance electrodynamics.
• At the end students would gain experience in the problem solution which will help
him to clear JRF examination.
Reference Books:
1. Introduction to Electrodynamics, David J. Griffiths, PHI publication, 3rd edition,
1999.
2. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 3rd
edition, 1998.
3. Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics, Narayana Rao, N., Prentice-Hall
of India 5th Ed., 2002
4. Engineering Electromagnetics: Hayat & Buck, Mc-Graw Hill.
5. Elements of Electromagnetics, Matthew N. O. Sadiku

PS 802 Condensed Matter Physics
Credit: 4
The objective of the course is to introduce students to various physical properties

of crystalline solids responsible for its bulk properties.
To explore the fundamental concepts of experimental physics of material science.
To provide problem solving techniques using experimental methods.
1. Reciprocal lattice, crystal binding and its properties 7h

2. Free electron theory 12h
3. Band theory of solids 12h
4. Superconductivity & super fluidity 7h
5. Ordered phases of matter 7h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 3L + 1T]
Prerequisite: Bravais lattices, Reciprocal lattice, Diffraction and the structure factor
Bonding of solids, Elastic properties, phonons, lattice specific heat
Free electron theory and electronic specific heat, Response and relaxation phenomena,
Drude model of electrical and thermal conductivity, Hall effect and thermoelectric power
Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids: metals, insulators and
semiconductors
Superconductivity: type-I and type-II superconductors, Josephson junctions, Super fluidity
Ordered phases of matter: translational and orientational order, kinds of liquid crystalline
order, Quasi crystals.
• The Program aims at providing students with the methodological concepts and
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of solid state physics
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in
condensed matter Physics as well as for students who wish to work in
interdisciplinary area.
• During this course, students will do experiments to enhance their conceptual

understanding.

1. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
2. M. Ali Omar, Elementary Solid State Physics, Pearson, 1st edition, 2008.
3. N. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics, Cengage India Ltd., 1st
edition, 2003.
4. A J Dekker, Solid State Physics, McMillan India Ltd., 1st edition, 2008.
5. J. Ziman, Principles in the Theory of Solids, 2nd ed., Cambridge University

Press, 1972.
6. J.R. Christman, Fundamentals of Solid State Physics, John Wiley 1988.

PS 803:- Thermodynamics & Statistical mechanics
Credit: 4
The course content has been structured to help the student achieve the following
objectives:
1. Review thermal physics, gain solid understanding of statistical physics,
and learn to carry out simple and not-so-simple calculations for response
functions, practice numerical calculations.
2. Be able to deal with the graduate qualifier level of problems with ease.
Be able to understand the modern view on phase transition.
Sr No. Title of Unit Minimum No. of

hrs
1. Introduction to statistical methods, statistical 5h

description of systems of particles.
2. Statistical thermodynamics 5h
3. Macroscopic parameters and their measurement, 10h
simple applications of macroscopic thermodynamics
4. Basic methods and results of statistical mechanics, 10h

simple applications of statistical mechanics
5. Equilibrium between phases or chemical species, 10h
Quantum statistics of ideal gases

1. Introduction to statistical methods, statistical description

of systems of particles. [Reif-1,2]
2. Statistical thermodynamics [Reif-3]
3. Macroscopic parameters and their measurement, simple applications
of macroscopic thermodynamics [Reif-4,5]
4. Basic methods and results of statistical mechanics, simple applications
of statistical mechanics [Reif-6,7]
5. Equilibrium between phases or chemical species [Reif-8]
6. Quantum statistics of ideal gases [Reif-9]
teaching to power-point presentations. Determine the role of questions, examine common
problems, and motivate students to participate. Engage students in problem-solving
activities.
• The objective of this course is to give students a rigorous introduction to and

understanding of the basic foundations of thermodynamics and statistical
mechanics.
Text Book:
Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics, F. Reif, Pub.: Levant Books, ISBN:978-
93-80663-14-2
Reference Books:
1. Statistical Mechanics (3rd Edition), R. K. Pathria and Paul D. Beale, Pub.: Elsevier
India, ISBN-13 9789380931890
2. Fundamentals of statistical mechanics, B.B. Laud, Pub.: New Age International
3. Statistical Mechanics (2nd Edition), Kerson Huang, Pub.: Wiley
4. Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics, Walter Greiner, Ludwig Neise, Horst
Stocker, Pub.: Springer

M.Sc. Physics (Semester-III)
PS 804 Practical-III
Credit: 9 (12 hrs/week)
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to practical’s using condensed

matter physics based experiments..
b. Workshop training will be given to students.
c. In this course, students will be trained to understand how to use different
workshop tools.

1. Condensed Matter Physics based experiments. 6hrs/week
3. Workshop training 3 hrs/week

PS 805 Thin Film Technology

Credit: 2
The objective of the course is to impart knowledge of advanced Thin Film

Technology.
To give information regarding different techniques of thin film deposition along

with applications
To make aware of the emerging technologies in thin film deposition

1. Growth and types of thin films 3
2. Physical vapour deposition 4
3. Chemical vapor deposition 2
4. Solution-based deposition 4
5. Characterization of thin films 4
6. Applications of thin films 3

C. Syllabus Topics: [2L-1T]
Growth and types of thin films
Basics of thin films, nucleation and growth, capillarity theory, atomistic and kinetic
models of nucleation, stages of film growth and mechanisms, structure, epitaxy, types of
thin films, metal, semiconductor and insulator
Physical vapor deposition:
Vacuum systems, vacuum gauges, Hertz Knudsen equation; mass evaporation rate;
Knudsen cell, Directional distribution of evaporating species Evaporation of elements,
compounds, alloys, Raoult’s law; e-beam, pulsed laser and ion beam evaporation, reactive
evaporation, Glow Discharge and Plasma, Sputtering– mechanisms and yield, dc and rf
sputtering, Bias sputtering, magnetically enhanced sputtering systems, reactive sputtering
Chemical Vapor deposition
Reaction chemistry and thermodynamics of CVD; Thermal CVD, plasma enhanced CVD
for amorphous silicon thin films,
Solution based deposition
Electrochemical deposition, dip-coating, spin-coating, chemical bath deposition, direct

liquid coating, spray pyrolysis, sol gel technique, ink-jet material printing.
Characterization of thin films
X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, optical

properties,
Applications of thin films
Photodetectors, protective coatings, solar cells, optical coatings, decorative coatings,

batteries,
The topics will be discussed in interactive class-room sessions using classical black-board
teaching to power-point presentations. Practical sessions may be conducted in the
laboratory. Respective faculty members on weekly basis will conduct special interactive
problem solving sessions during the tutorial session. Wherever possible the emphasis will
be on ‘hands-on’ experiments for the conceptual understanding of device operation. Unit

tests and assignments will be conducted regularly as a part of continuous evaluation and
instruction will be provided to student in order to improve their performance.
• The student should after the course be able to describe the basic principles behind
deposition of different types of thin films
• Other objectives are that the student will know which deposition technique is
appropriate from point of view of applied research or industrial R&D

understanding.

1. Thin Film Fundamentals by A. Goswami
2. Handbook of Deposition Technologies for Films and Coatings by P. M. Martin

(Editor)
3. Solution Processing of Inorganic Materials Edited by David Mitzi
4. Materials Science of Thin Films by M. Ohring

PS 806 Physics of Solar Cells

Credit: 2
A Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to impart understanding of basic physics of solar

cells: photovoltaic effect and its use to design solar cells
To give information regarding different types of commercial and non-commercial

solar cells

1. Importance of Solar Energy 2
2. p-n junction as solar cells 4
3. Design of solar cell 3
4. Monocrystalline silicon solar cell 3
5. Thin film solar cells 3
6. Emerging solar cells 3

1. Importance of Solar Energy
Energy scenario, Need for sustainable energy, Renewable Energy sources, Role of
Solar Energy, Sun as a energy resource, Solar Radiation: Extra terrestrial and
terrestrial radiations, instruments to measure solar radiation, solar radiation
geometry, hourly, daily and seasonal variation of insolation,solar radiation on
horizontal and tilted surfaces
2. P-N Junction as solar cells
Space charge region, Energy band diagram, P-N junction potential and depletion
region, Carrier Movements and concentration profiles, P-N junction in Non-
equilibrium condition, P-N junction under illumination, photovoltaic effect,
generation and recombination of carriers, light generated current, I-V equations
and characteristics of solar cell
3. Design of solar cell
Upper limit of solar cell parameters, Losses in solar cells, Design for High Isc,
Design for High Voc, Design for FF, I-V and QE measurements, Minority carrier
life time and diffusion length measurements
4. Monocrystalline silicon (Si) solar cell
Production of Metallurgical and electronics Grade Si, Production of

Monocrystalline Si, Processes for fabrication of Monocrystalline Si, High
efficiency Si solar cells
5. Thin film solar cells
Advantage of Thin Film technology, Materials for Thin film Technology, Features
of Thin film Technology, Thin film Deposition techniques, Cadmium Telluride
(CdTe) solar cells, Chalcopyrite (CIS/CIGS) solar cells, Polycrystalline Si solar
cells
6. Emerging solar cells
Organic/polymer solar cells, Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC), Quantum dot solar
cells (QDSCs), CZTS solar cells

• The student should after the course be able to describe the basic principles of solar
cells and design
• The students will be have knowledge of different types of solar cells available
commercially and in laboratory thus stimulating them for research.
• During this course, students will do basic experiments to enhance their conceptual
understanding.
F. Prerequisite:
PS-701 Electronics 1
G. Recommended Study Material:
1. The Physics of Solar Cells by Jenny Nelson (Imperial College Press, 2013)
2. Physics of Solar Cells by Peter Wurfel
3. Solar Photovoltaics: Fundamentals, Technologies and Applications by Chetan Solanki
4. Thin film Solar Cells by K. L. Chopra and S. R. Das

M.Sc (Physics) Semester-III
PS807: - Introduction to Nanotechnology
Credit: 2
objectives:
1. To gain an understanding of the principles of nanotechnology,
characterization of nano-structured materials, and tools and equipment
for producing and assembling at the nano scale.
2. To acquire practical experience in the use of equipment used in
nanotechnology.
3. To cultivate interest in the research and development of nanotechnology
for future advancement of the career.
Sr Title of Unit Minimum No. of hrs

No.
1. Nanotechnology – development history 3h

2. Overview on characterization and synthesis of 10h
nanostructure materials
3. Overview of nanostructures 6h
4. Nanodevices 4h
5. New fields of nanotechnology 4h
6. Implications of nanotechnology 3h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L]
1. Nanotechnology – development history [JR-1-3]

2. Overview on characterization and synthesis of nanostructure materials. [JR-4,7]
3. Overview of nanostructures [JR-5]
4. Nanodevices [JR-6]
5. New fields of nanotechnology [JR-9]
6. Implications of nanotechnology [JR-10]
teaching to power-point presentations. Students will be exposed to practical operations,
and experimental demonstrations of some of the equipment for Nano fabrication available
in UNI. Students will produce a technical report on the experiences.
• Nanotechnology promises to be the technology of the future benefitting the

humanity in a number of ways. This course is aimed at preparing students for
further industrial or academic work in the field of nano-characterization
techniques.
F. Course Pre-requisites
PS 707 Analytical techniques
Text Books:
Essentials of nanotechnology by Jeremy Ramsden [JR], 2009, Jeremy Ramsden & Ventus
Publishing ApS, (download from http://bookboon.com/en/nano-technology-ebook)
Reference Books:
1. Introduction to Nanoscience, S.M.Lindsay, Oxford ISBN 978-019-954421-9

(2010).
2. Guozhong Cao (2004). Nanostructures and Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties
& Applications, 448 pages, Imperial College Press, ISBN-10: 1860944159

PS808: - Nanomaterials: synthesis and properties
Credit: 2
objectives:
The objective of the course is to introduce students to different
techniques to fabricate Nanomaterials.
To explore the basics of physical chemistry of solid surfaces.
This course also covers concepts of homogeneous nucleation, growth and

hands on experiments on synthesis of nanoparticles.
To acquire practical experience in the use of equipment used in

nanotechnology.
To cultivate interest in the research and development of nanotechnology

for future advancement of the career.
Sr Title of Unit
No.
1. Physical chemistry of solid surfaces-I
2. Physical chemistry of solid surfaces-II
3. Synthesis of zero dimensional nanostructures-I
4. Synthesis of zero dimensional nanostructures-II

C. Syllabus Tpoics:
Physical chemistry of solid surfaces-I : Introduction, concepts of surface energy with examples,
chemical potential as a function surface curvature.
Physical chemistry of solid surfaces-II : Electrostatic stabilization: Surface charge density,

Electric potential at the proximity of solid surfaces, Van-der-Waals interaction. DLVO theory.
Synthesis of zero dimensional nanostructures-I: Nanoparticle through homogeneous nucleation:

fundamentals, growth, synthesis of metallic, semiconductor and oxide nanoparticles.
Synthesis of zero dimensional nanostructures-II: Nanoparticle through heterogeneous nucleation:

Fundamental & Synthesis, Kinetically controlled synthesis of nanoparticles, micro emulsion, etc.
Core-shell particles.
The topics will be discussed in interactive class room sessions using classical black-board teaching
to power-point presentations. Students will be exposed to practical operations, and experimental
demonstrations to synthesize Nanomaterials using different routes. Also students will be exposed
to measure characterize the Nanomaterials using various measurement techniques available in
UNI. Students will produce a technical report on the experiences.
• Nanotechnology promises to be the technology of the future benefitting the humanity in a

number of ways. This course is aimed at preparing students for further industrial or
academic work in the field of Nanoscience and technology.
F. Course Pre-requisites
Basic knowledge of crystal strcture/crystallography

Basic knowledge of quantum mechanics
Reference Books:
5. Guozhong Cao (2004). Nanostructures and Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties &

Applications, 448 pages, Imperial College Press, ISBN-10: 1860944159
6. Introduction to Nanoscience, S.M.Lindsay, Oxford ISBN 978-019-954421-9 (2010).
7. Nanocrystalline Materials, A.I. Gusev, A.A. Rempel, Cambridge International Science
Publishing, (2003)

Possible experiments:
Demonstrative experiments
(1) Synthesis of nanoparticles (e.g. ZnO, CdSe, CdS, etc.)

(2) Synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles (e.g. ferrite or metal nanoparticles)
Experiments to be performed
(1) Structure determination using powder x-ray diffractometer.

(2) Particle size determination using particle size analyzer.
(3) Magnetic properties measurement of magnetic nanoparticles.
(4) Energy band-gap determination of thin-film.

PS 809 Basics of Nanofluidics
Credit: 2
The objective of the course is to give an introductory knowledge of

nanofluidics (fundamental aspects, intrinsic length scales where surface and
interface effects dominate the dynamics and geometry).
The students will gain insight into the forces and physical mechanisms that
determine and are available for transport at micro- and nanoscales.
To explore the different selected topics such as: solid-liquid interfaces,

hydrodynamics at small scales, 3-phase systems, electrokinetic,
electrophoresis, separation techniques and colloids in the field of
nanofluidics.
The course provide students with a basis for estimating quantities such as
stresses exerted by liquids on microscopic objects, flow velocities and
mixing efficiencies.
These skills will facilitate the identification of the best-suited transport

mechanism for a specific system in the context of fundamental research or
industrial R&D.

1. Introduction to Nanofluidics 3h
2. Nanofluidic Manipulation Principle 6h
3. Fluid Surface Interaction for Nanofluidics 6h
4. Applications of Nanofluidics 5h

1. Length scales: Macroscopic fluid properties, transition from the molecular to the
continuum picture, Relative importance inertia, surface tension, gravity and
viscous forces.
2. The predominance of viscous friction and interfacial effects: - The Stokes equation
and corresponding boundary conditions, Physical Background of Downscaling
effects, Structure related effects, Manipulation Principles i.e. Electroosmosis,
Electrowetting, Fluid
3. Surface forces: - Liquids in contact with other phases: surface tension, Van der
Waals & Casimir forces, contact angles, superhydrophobic surfaces, Surface-
Interaction: Adoption, Interaction in double layer, Surface-interaction, interface,
4. Applications: - Transport in porous media - Biological systems, lipid membranes

and vesicles, concepts of Microchannel, Singularly addressable nanochannels:
Top-down approach, Bottom up approach, Ensembles of nanofluidics channels as
selective interconnection.
problem solving sessions during the tutorial session. Students will be trained for the
advance level understanding of fluid dynamics. Unit tests and assignments will be
conducted regularly as a part of continuous evaluation. Instruction will be provided to
student in order to improve their performance.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of fluid dynamics.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in soft

understanding.

Reference Books
i. Encyclopedia of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Vol. 6 by H S Nalwa, American

Scientific Publication. Pg. 739-774.
ii. Nanoparticle Technology Handbook Edited by Masuo Hosokawa, Kiyoshi Nogi,
Makio Naito, Toyokazu Yokoyama. Elsevier Science Publication. Chapter
3
iii. Nanofluids Properties And Their Applications, Debendra Das Devdatta Kulkarni
LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012.
iv. Nanofluidics: 1st Edition, Andrew John De Mello, Joshua Edel, Andrew John De
Mello, Springer, 2008.
Research papers/References:
• Physical properties of fluid
• Fabrication Techniques to Realize CMOS-Compatible Microfluidic

Microchannels, Angela Rasmussen and Mona E. Zaghloul, Journal Of
Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 10, No. 2, June 2001, 286.
• Electrowetting: from basics to applications, Frieder Mugele and Jean-Christophe

Baret, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17 (2005) R705–R774.

PS810: - Advance Microprocessor
Credit: 2
To have an in depth knowledge of the architecture of 8-bit microprocessor -8085,

to study the Instruction set and to develop assembly language programs.

hrs
1. Introduction to 8085, Microprocessor architecture 2h

and its operations
2. Memory and I/O devices, Microprocessor based 2h
systems
3. Interfacing I/O devices, Memory mapped I/O, 5h
Programming the 8085 – addressing modes
introduction to 8085 instructions , (data transfer,
arithmetic)
4. 8085 instructions( logical, branch operations), 3h
Programming techniques – Looping, Counting and
Indexing
5. Stack and sub routine, Code conversion 2h

1. Introduction to 8085
2. Microprocessor architecture and its operations
3. Memory and I/O devices
4. Microprocessor based systems
5. Interfacing I/O devices
6. Memory mapped I/O
7. Programming the 8085 – addressing modes introduction to 8085 instructions (data
transfer, arithmetic) 8085 instructions (logical, branch operations)
8. Programming techniques – Looping, Counting and Indexing
9. Stack and sub routine
10. Code conversion
D. Recommended Study Material:

Text Books:
1. Ramesh S.Gaonkar, “Microprocessor - Architecture, Programming and

Applications with the 8085”, Penram International publishing private limited, fifth
edition.
Reference Books:
1. N. K. SRINATH, 8085 Microprocessor: Programming And Interfacing, PHI

Learning Pvt. Ltd.
2. Sunil Mathur, Microprocessor 8085 and Its Interfacing, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
(2010)
3. K. Udaya Kumar, The 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Programming and
Interfacing, Pearson Education India, 2008

PS 811 Vacuum Technology
Credit: 2
B. Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to give an introductory knowledge of vacuum

technology and handling of instruments having high vacuum.
The students will gain insight into the various measurement parameters of
detection of vacuum.
The course provides a basis for understanding vacuum systems,

components, its applications, measurement of leak detection, etc.
These skills will facilitate the students to gain the sound knowledge of
vacuum related technology in the context of applied research or industrial
R&D.

1. PHYSICS OF RAREFIED GASES 7h
2. PRODUCTION OF VACUUM 4h
3. MEASUREMENT OF VACUUM PARAMETERS 3h
4. VACUUM SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS 3h
5. APPLICATIONS OF VACUUM TECHNOLOGY 3h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L-1P]
PART A : THEORY
1. PHYSICS OF RAREFIED GASES: Kinetic Theory, Gas Laws, Mean Free path,
Transport Processes, Viscosity of gases, Diffusion of gases, Resistance and
conductance of vacuum pipework, Gas flow in pipework, Pump-down Time,
Adsorption and Desorption of gases, Solubility of gases, Permeation of gases through
solids, Vapour pressure, Thermal dissociation of Metallic Oxides
2. PRODUCTION OF VACUUM: Classification, types, and ranges of vacuum pumps,
Vacuum pump variables, Baffles and Traps.
3. MEASUREMENT OF VACUUM PARAMETERS: Classification, types and ranges of
vacuum gauges, Measurement of Partial pressure, Flow measurement, Leak Testing.
4. VACUUM SYSTEMS, COMPONENTS: Vacuum System engineering, Vacuum joints,
Seals, Valves, feed-through, View ports, Vacuum materials.
5. APPLICATIONS OF VACUUM TECHNOLOGY: Vacuum systems and components
for
Electronics, Metallurgy, Chemical and Nuclear fields.
PART B : PRACTICALS
1. Evacuation of A System Using A Water Ring Pump & Use Of Dial Gauge
2. Evacuation of A System Using Rotary Vacuum Pump & Use Of Pirani Gauge
3. Evacuation of A System Using A Diffusion Pump & Use Of Penning Gauge
4. Measurement of Helium Leak Rate Using MSLD Technique.
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
laboratory or in the established R & D laboratory. Respective faculty members on weekly
basis will conduct special interactive problem solving sessions during the tutorial session.
Students will be trained for the advance level ‘hands-on’ experiments. Unit tests and

assignments will be conducted regularly as a part of continuous evaluation and instruction
will be provided to student in order to improve their performance.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of vacuum technology.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in applied
Physics as well as for students who wish to work in interdisciplinary area.

understanding.

Reference Books
1) Fundamentals of Vacuum Techniques, by A Pipko, V. Pliskovsky, B. Korolev, V.
Kuznetsov, Mir Publishers, Moscow 1984.
2) Scientific Foundations of Vacuum Technique, by S Dushman, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
New York 1962.
3) Vacuum Technology and Applications, by D J Hucknall, Butterworth-Heinemann,
Oxford, 1991.

SYLLABI
(Semester – IV)

M.Sc Physics (Semester IV)
PS 851 Nuclear & Particle Physics
Credit: 4 2:2
The objective of the course is to introduce students to Basic nuclear

properties.
To explore the fundamental concepts of experimental nuclear physics.
Sr No. Title of topics Minimum No. of hrs
1. Basic Nuclear Properties 10h

2. Nuclear Models & Radioactivity 11h
3. Nuclear force & Deuteron problems 12h
4. Standard model particle physics 12h

1. Basic Nuclear Properties: Size, Shape and Charge Distribution, spin, Parity,
Binding energy, Semi-empirical Mass formula.
2. Nuclear Models & Radioactivity: Evidence of Shell model, single particle shell-
model and its validity and limitation, Rotational Spectra, Elementary ideas about
alpha, beta and gamma decay, Fission and fusion, Nuclear reactions.
3. Nuclear force and Deuteron problem: Nature of nuclear forces, Meson theory of
nuclear forces, deuteron problem
4. Standard models particle Physics: Classification of fundamental forces, Elementary

particle physics and their quantum numbers, Quark model, Gell-Mann-Nishijima
formula, Relativistic kinematics. Basic Ideas about unification of forces.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of Nuclear & Particle physics
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in nuclear
Physics as well as for students who wish to work in reactor physics area.

understanding.

1. ‘Introduction to Nuclear Physics’ by H Enge, Addison-Wesley Pub.
2. ‘Introductory Nuclear Physics’ by Kenneth S Krane, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore
(1988) latest edition
3. ‘Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics’ by J. C. Verma, R. C. Bhandari & D.R.S.

Somayajulu (2005) CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Delhi.
4. ‘An Introduction to Engineering Aspects of Nuclear Physics’ by Santanu Ghosh (2009),

I K Int. Publishing House Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi
5. ‘Introduction to Particle Physics’ by M P Khanna, Prentice Hall of India (1999) New

Delhi
6. ‘An Introduction to Nuclear Physics’ by W N Cottingam & Greenwood, Cambridge Uni

Press UK – latest edition
7. ‘Introduction to High energy Physics’ by D H Perkins, Addison Wesley
8. ‘Introduction to Elementary particles’ by David Griffiths, John Wiley & Sons Singapore
(1987)
9. ‘Introduction To Nuclear And Particle Physics’ by Verma R C , Mittal V K and Gupta S

C, Prentice Hall of India (2009), New Delhi

M.Sc Physics (Semester-IV)
PS 852 Atomic & Molecular Physics
Credit: 4 2:2
C. Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to introduce students to Atomic and

Molecular spectroscopy.
To explore the in depth understanding of spectroscopy.
1. General Atomic Spectroscopy 10h

2. Coupling effects of magnetic and electric fields 11h
3. Vibrational and Rotational spectroscopy & NMR 12h
4. Laser and coherence 12h

1. General Atomic Spectroscopy: Quantum state of an electron atom, Electron spin,

Spectrum of Helium and Alkali atoms, Dirac equation, Relativistic correction for
energy levels of hydrogen atoms. Hyperfine structure and isotropic shift, Width of
spectral lines.
2. Coupling effects of magnetic and electric fields: L-S & J-J couplings, Zeeman,
Paschen-Back and Stark Effects.
3. Vibrational and Rotational spectroscopy & NMR: Electronic, Rotational,

Vibrational and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, Frank-Condon principle,
NMR, ESR
4. Laser and coherence: Laser: Spontaneous and simulated emission, Population

inversion and optical pumping. Einstein A & B coefficients, Modes of resonators.
tools needed to acquire understanding in spectroscopy with reference to atomic and
molecular spectroscopy.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in nuclear
Physics as well as for students who wish to work in the research area of
spectroscopy.

understanding.

1. Physics of Atoms and Molecules – by B. Bransden and C. J. Joachain (Pearson

Education Publication ( New Delhi)
2. Elements of spectroscopy – by Gupta, Kumar and Sharma (PragatiPrakashan Meerut)
3. Spectroscopy (Atomic and molecular) by G. Chatwal and S. Anand.
4. Fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy by C. N. Banvel.
5. LASERS Theory and Applications – by K. Thyagarajan and A. K.Ghatak (Macmillan

India Ltd., 2008)
6. Lasers and Non-linear Optics – by B. B. Laud (New AgeInternational (P) Ltd., India,
Second edition, (1996)
7. Atom, Laser & Spectroscopy - by S. N. Thakur & D. K. Rai PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
New Delhi
8. Spectroscopy, Barrow

M.Sc. Physics (Semester-IV)
PS 853 Practical-IV
a. The objective of the course is to introduce students to practical’s using Nuclear

physics based experiments..
b. In this course, students will be trained to understand nuclear data analysis.

1. Nuclear Physics based experiments. 3 hrs/week

PS 854 Project
a. The objective of the course is to expose students to projects based on the research
going on in the physical sciences.
b. Instruments training will be given to students.
c. In this course, students will be trained to write project report as well as
methodology of working in research.
d. This training will benefit student in their future research work.

PS 855 Plasma Physics
Credit: 2
D. Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to give an introductory knowledge of Plasma

physics and technology.
The students will gain insight into the various techniques of production and
the confinement of plasma in laboratory.
The course provides a basis for plasma diagnostics techniques.
Plasma physics and technology in the context of applied research or industrial
R&D.

1. PLASMA PHYSICS FUNDAMENTALS 8h
2. LABORATORY PLASMA PRODUCTION 3h
3. PLASMA DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES 4h
4. INTRODUCTION TO FUSION ENERGY 5h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L-1P]
PART A : THEORY
1. PLASMA PHYSICS FUNDAMENTALS: Definition of Plasma, Concept of
Temperature, Debye Shielding, Single particle motions, Plasmas as fluids, Fluid drift in
magnetic field, Waves in Plasmas, Group Velocity, Elementary Plasma Waves, Single
Fluid MHD equation, Diffusion in fully ionized plasma, Bohm diffusion, Hydromagnetic
equilibrium, Two-stream instabillity, "Gravitational" instability, Equations of Kinetic
Theory, Landau Damping, Ion-Acoustic Shock wave, Parametric instabilities.
2. LABORATORY PLASMA PRODUCTION: Assembled Plasmas, Irradiated Gases,
Electrical
Discharges, Self-ionized gases, Optical Radiation.
3. PLASMA DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES: Electric and Magnetic Probes, Spectral
Intensities, UV, Far-Infrared and X-ray spectroscopy, Optical interferometry, Microwave
Techniques.
4. INTRODUCTION TO FUSION ENERGY: Basic Principles, Plasma confinement and
Transport, Plasma Heating and Fueling, Advanced confinement concepts, Fusion
engineering, Fusion Reactor Technology.
PART B : PRACTICALS
1. Production of A Glow Discharge
2. Production of A Hot Cathode Discharge And Measurement Of Plasma Density And
Temperature Using Langmuir Probes.
3. Extraction of Ions From Plasma
4. Cusp Confinement Plasma System
Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:
problem solving sessions during the tutorial session. Unit tests and assignments will be

conducted regularly as a part of continuous evaluation and instruction will be provided to
student in order to improve their performance.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of Plasma Physics and
technolgy.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in Plasma
Physics as well as for students who wish to work in interdisciplinary area.

understanding.

Reference Books
1) Introduction to Plasma Physics, by Francis F Chen, Plenum Press New York 1977.
2) Plasma Diagnostic Technique, by R H Huddlestone and S L Leonard, Academic Press
1965.
3) Plasma Physics in Theory and Application, by W B Kunkel, McGrawHill, New York
1966.
4) Introduction to Fusion Energy, by J Reece Roth, Ibis Publishing, Virginia, 1986.

PS 856:- Nuclear Reactor & Accelerator Physics
Credit: 2
The objective of the course is to introduce students to nuclear reactor

physics and different types of accelerators.
To explore the fundamental concepts of moderation in reactor design.
To provide problem solving techniques using design problems..
1. Basic Nuclear reactions 10h

2. Reactor Physics 11h
3. Nuclear energy and environment 12h
4. Particle accelerators. 12h

C. Syllabus Topics
1. Nuclear reactions: Types of reactions, Cross-sections of reactions, Reaction

mechanism.
2. Reactor Physics: Types of reactors, Reactor terminology, Neutron physics,

Moderations, Neutron cycle, Diffusion equation, Criticality conditions.
3. Nuclear energy & environment: Fuel production, engineered safety features,

Radiation dosage and safety, Fuel processing and waste disposal, Waste
management.
4. Nuclear accelerators: Electrostatic accelerators, Cyclotron, Synchrotrons, Linear

accelerators, Colliding-beam accelerators.
teaching to power-point presentations. The course will be based on the discussion and
hence motivate students to participate.
By the end of the course you should be able to
Understand basic reactor physics and nuclear safety aspects.
Practical use of nuclear reactors.
Selected topics in accelerators are used for better understanding of the subject.
F. Prerequisite:
PS 851 (first two units)
1. ‘Introduction to Nuclear Physics’ by H Enge, Addison-Wesley Pub.
2. ‘Introductory Nuclear Physics’ by Kenneth S Krane, John Wiley & Sons, Singapore
(1988) latest edition
3. ‘Fundamentals of Nuclear Physics’ by J. C. Verma, R. C. Bhandari & D.R.S.

Somayajulu (2005) CBS Publishers & Distributers, New Delhi.
4. ‘An Introduction to Engineering Aspects of Nuclear Physics’ by Santanu Ghosh (2009),

I K Int. Publishing House Pvt.Ltd, New Delhi

5. ‘Introduction to Particle Physics’ by M P Khanna, Prentice Hall of India (1999) New
Delhi
6. ‘An Introduction to Nuclear Physics’ by W N Cottingam & Greenwood, Cambridge Uni

Press UK – latest edition
7. ‘Introduction to High energy Physics’ by D H Perkins, Addison Wesley
8. ‘Introduction to Elementary particles’ by David Griffiths, John Wiley & Sons Singapore
(1987)
9. ‘Introduction To Nuclear And Particle Physics’ by Verma R C , Mittal V K and Gupta S

C, Prentice Hall of India (2009), New Delhi
10. Introduction to Nuclear Science & technology, K S Ram & Y R Waghmare.
11. Nuclear Reactor Physics: Stacey W. M.
12. Particle Accelerators: Livingston & Blewett

PS 857:- Biophysics
Credit: 2
This course will introduce the field of biological physics by examining living systems
quantitatively. The course is intended to train a broad student audience in mathematical
and physical modeling of biological systems. All the topics covered in the syllabus will be
rigorously rooted in quantitative experimental data. Emphasis will be given to
understanding the techniques and instrumentation used to investigate biological systems at
the nanoscale. This course will also serve as an introduction to bio-nanotechnology.

hrs
1. Heat, cell components and dimensions – physics 2 h

and chemistry aspects, plasma membrane,
molecular motors
2. Diffusion, dissipation, random walks, friction 3h
3. Friction in fluids, low Reynolds numbers 3h
4. Entropy, temperature, and free energy – statistical 4 h
probability and thermodynamic laws, Microscopic
systems
5. Microscopic view of entropic forces, Osmotic 5h
pressure and flow, Chemical forces and self-
assembly.

1. Quantitative description of random processes. Probabilities and probability

distributions.
2. Equilibrium distribution of particle velocities in an ideal gas. Relaxation to
equilibrium. Probabilities in heredity.
3. Models of diffusion. Random walks. Relationship between diffusion and viscous
friction, Einstein’s relation. Random walks in space – polymer structures.
Diffusion equation. Currents. Diffusion through membranes. Description of
transient processes.
4. Motion in viscous fluids with high friction. Low Reynolds numbers. Propulsion at
low Reynolds numbers.
5. Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. Entropy and free energy. Work in
thermal environment. Entropic forces.
6. Energy and life order – heat, work, law of thermodynamics, osmotic flow, reverse
osmosis, forward osmosis, Osmotic pressure, osmotic flow, depletion forces.
7. Chemical reactions, chemical potentials. Self assembly of micelles.

8. Statistical physics of cooperative transitions: DNA stretching, helix-coil transition
in proteins, hemoglobin.
9. Molecular motors, Brownian ratchets and methods of their description.
teaching to power-point presentations. The course will be based on the discussion and
hence motivate students to participate.
By the end of the course you should be able to
Understand statistical descriptions of biological systems
Apply thermodynamic considerations to processes in cells

Estimate entropic forces acting in cellular environments
Understand the principles of operation of molecular motors

F. Prerequisite:
Basic knowledge of probability theory and statistical methods
Text Book:
Philip Nelson Biological Physics: Energy, Information, Life,
Reference Books:
1. Biophysics by Roland Glaser

2. Biophysics, An Introduction by Rodney Cotterill
3. Biological Thermodynamics by Donald T. Haynie

PS 858 Nanofluids
Credit: 2
E. Objective of the course.
The objective of the course is to give an introductory knowledge of nanofluids.
The students will gain insight into the various techniques of synthesis of
nanoparticles and nanofluids.
The course provides a basis for estimating physical quantities such as

thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, viscosity of nanofluids, etc.
synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles and nanofluids in the
context of applied research or industrial R&D.

1. Introduction of Nanofluids 3h
2. Synthesis of Nanoparticles & Nanofluids 6h
3. Measurements in Nanofluids, Models and Mechanisms 6h
4. Applications of Nanofluids 5h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L-1T]
Introduction: Background of Nanofluids,

Synthesis of Nanoparticles – Synthesis & Characterization, Making of Nanofluids:
Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Liquids-Physical Methods, Chemical Methods, Direct
Evaporation-Condensation Methods.
Measurements in Nanofluids: Methods of Measuring-Thermal conductivity, Thermal
conductivity of types of nanofluids: Oxide Ceramic Nanofluids, Nonoxide Ceramic
Nanofluids, Metallic Nanofluids, MWNT Nanofluids, Viscosity, Convection Heat
Transfer.
Models and Mechanisms: Effective Thermal Conductivity Models, Potential Mechanisms
for Enhanced Conductivity, Thermal Transport in Nanocomposite Systems.
Future Directions
problem solving sessions during the tutorial session. Students will be trained for the
advance level ‘hands-on’ experiments. Unit tests and assignments will be conducted
regularly as a part of continuous evaluation and instruction will be provided to student in
order to improve their performance.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of fluid dynamics.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in soft

understanding.

Reference Materials/ Research papers
v. Encyclopedia of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Vol. 6 by H S Nalwa, American

Scientific Publication. Pg. 739-774.
vi. Nanofluids: Science and Technology, Wenhua Yu, T. Pradeep, Sarit K. Das,
Stephen U. Choi, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2007.
vii. Experimental Investigation of Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids, Raghu Gowda,
Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing, 2011.
viii. Study of the Cooling Effects of Nanofluids on Electronic Components and a
Sensitivity Analysis of the Most Influential Variable on the Heat Transfer,
Stephanie E. Lingo, Proquest, Umi Dissertation Publishing, 2011.
References:
• Techniques for measuring the thermal conductivity of nanoﬂuids: A review by G.
Paul, M. Chopkar, I. Manna, P.K. Das, Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews xxx (2010) xxx–xxx.
• Thermal Conductivity Measurement by William A. Wakeham and Marc J. Assael,
Copyright 2000 CRC Press LLC. <http://www.engnetbase.com>.
• Rendering the Transient Hot Wire Experimental Method for Thermal Conductivity
Estimation to Two-Phase Systems—Theoretical Leading Order Results, Peter
Vadasz, Journal of Heat Transfer, AUGUST 2010, Vol. 132 / 081601-1.

PS 859 Semiconductor Devices

Credit: 2
The objective of the course is an advanced understanding of semiconductor

physics and the physics and operation of advanced semiconductor devices.
To give information regarding basic device building blocks from which all
semiconductor devices can be constructed.
The course provides advanced knowledge of device performance and physical

principles of operation including DC, AC, and high frequency behavior, sources of
noise, and advance modes of operation.
To give the linking of performance parameters (figures of merit) with underlying

semiconductor properties and physical principles of devices.
To provide foundation in the semiconductor device physics so that students will be

able to not only understand current devices and exploit them in novel applications,
but also appreciate the workings of new semiconductor devices as they materialize
and evolve in future years for applied research or industrial R&D.

1. Metal-Semiconductor Contacts 5h
2. Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Capacitors 5h
3. Heterojunctions, Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor 3h
4. MOSFETs, JFETs, MESFETs, and MODFETs 8h

METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR CONTACTS:
Introduction, formation of barrier, Ideal Condition, Depletion Layer, Interface States,
Image-Force Lowering, Barrier-Height Adjustment, Current transport processes,
Measurement of barrier height, device structures, Ohmic contact.
METAL-INSULATOR-SEMICONDUCTOR CAPACITORS:
Introduction, Ideal Mis Capacitor, Surface Space-Charge Region, Ideal MIS Capacitance
Curves, Silicon Mos Capacitor, Interface Traps, Carrier Transport, Accumulation- and
Inversion-Layer Thickness
HETEROJUNCTIONS, HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR:
Anisotype Heterojunction, Isotype Heterojunction, Heterojunction bipolar transistor,
Double-Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor, Graded-Base Bipolar Transistor, Hot-Electron
Transistor
MOSFETs, MESFETs, and MODFETs:
Introduction, Basic Device Characteristics, Nonuniform Doping and Buried-Channel
Device, Device Scaling And Short-Channel Effects, MOSFET Structures, Circuit
Applications, Nonvolatile Memory Devices, Single-Electron Transistor, MESFET,
MODFET, I-V Characteristics, Device Structures
• The student should after the course be able to describe the basic principles of the
semiconductor devices; Schottky diode, MOSFET, MESFET and MODFET.

• Other objectives are that the student should know how to manipulate the device
parameters and analyze and judge the validity of device models from a device
physics point of view for its use in the applied research or industrial R&D

understanding.
F. Prerequisite:
PS-701 Electronics 1
1. Semiconductor devices- Physics and Technology by S.M. Sze.
2. Semiconductor devices- Basic Principles- Jasprit Singh
3. Metal/Semiconductor Contact: Rhoderick
4. Metal/Semiconductor Schottky Barrier Junction and their Applications: B.L.

Sharma
5. Physics of Semiconductor Devices: M. Schur

PS 860 Advanced Magnetism
Credit: 2
The objective of the course is to introduce students to various magnetic properties

of solids.
To explore the basics fundamental concepts of magnetism in experimental

condensed matter physics.
To provide analytical solution of various techniques using experimental methods.
1. Review of origin of magnetism 2h

2. Ordered magnetic materials 6h
3. Exchange interactions, soft and hard magnetic materials 5h
4. spin glass & magnetic frustration 3h
5. Experimental techniques 4h

C. Syllabus Topics: [ 2L-1T]
Atomic origin of magnetism, diamagnetism, paramagnetism, magnetizations and

magnetically ordered materials: ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism,
various types of exchange interactions: magnetic anisotropy and aniotropy energies,
crystal field effects, soft and hard magnetic materials: spinel, garnet, hexaferrite and
perovskite, magnetic hysteresis and superparamagnetism, spin glass, magnetic frustration,
low dimensional and molecular magnetism. Specific characterization techniques for
magnetic materials like single crystal, polycrystalline, nano size and amorphous magnetic
materials such as SQUID, VSM, Ac susceptometer, FMR, Neutron diffraction, MFM &
MOKE (brief)
faculty members on weekly bases during the tutorial session. Students will be trained for
the advance level understanding of fundamental concepts of magnetism. Unit tests and
assignments will be conducted regularly as a part of continuous evaluation and instruction
will be provided to student in order to improve their performance.
tools needed to acquire top-level skills in the field of condensed matter physics.
• Ensuring that students acquire sound knowledge base for future research in

understanding.

7. Introduction To Magnetic Materials, B. D. Cullity & C. D. Graham, 2nd
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, 2009.
8. Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, J. M. D. Coey, Cambridge University

Press, 2009.
9. Magnetic Materials-Fundamentals and Applications, Second edition, Nicola A.

Spaldin, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
10. C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
11. Michael Ziese , Martin J Thornton ( Eds), Spin Electronics, Springer, 2001.
12. H. S. Nalwa (Ed), Magnetic Nanostructures, American Scientific Publishers,
2002.
13. J.A.C.Bland and B.Heinrich (Eds), Ultrathin Magnetic Structures, Springer,
1994.
14. G. J. Long and F. Grandjean (Eds), Supermagnets, Hard Magnetic Materials,
Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991.

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ACADEMIC

Faculty of Applied Sciences

Master of Science Programme

Education Campus – Changa, (ECC), hitherto a conglomerate of institutes of professional

Faculty Institute Programmes

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The University is characterized by state-of-the-art infrastructural facilities, innovative

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Exploration in the field of knowledge through research and development and

CHARUSAT welcomes you for a Bright Future

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Faculty of Applied Sciences

Charotar University of Science and Technology (CHARUSAT)

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Faculty of Applied Sciences

Postgraduate programme (M.Sc.)

3. Eligibility for admissions

For the admission to M.Sc., programs in the subject of

Admission to M.Sc. programme will purely on combined merit of admission test

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6.2 Student attendance in a course should be 80%.

7.2 Internal Evaluation

7.3 Internal Institutional evaluation for practicals

7.4 University Examination

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Minimum marks in University Minimum marks

(i) SGPA = ∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i

(ii) CGPA = ∑ Ci Gi / ∑ Ci where Ci is the number of credits of course i

© CHARUSAT 2013 Page 9 of 100

Distinction: CGPA ≥ 7.5

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DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES

M.Sc Physics (Semester-I to IV)

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The hall mark of the Programme:

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Intake: 20-30 Students

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CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT)

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CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (CHARUSAT)

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CHAROTAR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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PS 701 Mathematical Methods in Physics

A. Objective of the course.

The objective of the course is to introduce students to various mathematical

B. Outline of the Course

Sr. No. Title of Unit Minimum

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1. Vector algebra [MLB-6]

B . Instructional Methods and Pedagogy:

C. Student Learning Outcomes / objectives:

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PS 702 Classical Mechanics