Part 1: Rights , Responsibilities and a Safer Workplace

YANCHENG, China (Reuters) - An explosion at a pesticide plant in eastern China

has killed 47 people and injured more than 600, state media said on Friday, the
latest casualties in a series of industrial accidents that has angered the public.

The blast occurred on Thursday at the Chenjiagang Industrial Park in the city of
Yancheng, in Jiangsu province, and the fire was finally brought under control at 3.00
a.m. on Friday (1900 GMT), state television said.
Survivors were taken to 16 hospitals with 640 people being treated for injuries, and
32 in critical condition, it said.
The fire at a plant owned by the Tianjiayi Chemical Company spread to neighbouring
factories. Children at a nearby kindergarten were also hurt, media said.
The cause of the explosion is being investigated, but the company - which produces
more than 30 organic chemical compounds, some highly flammable - has been cited
and fined for work safety violations in the past, the China Daily said.
Police, some wearing face masks, sealed off roads to the plant. The blast smashed
windows in the village of Wangshang two kilometres (1.2 miles) away, and shocked
villagers likened it to an earthquake.
"There was one loud bang followed by a long rumble," one, who gave his family
name as Wang, told Reuters. "All the windows were smashed. I went to have a look.
Near the site there was blood everywhere. People were crushed."The village stands
beside a murky mildewed pond and was built in 2013 for people displaced by the
construction of the industrial park where the blast took place. Dozens of Wangshang
residents work at the park, and many have not come home.
Many buildings had broken windows and further structural damage, but villagers
have not been evacuated. Unlike the police on site, none of them wore masks and
had not been advised to.
President Xi Jinping, who is in Italy on a state visit, ordered all-out efforts to care for
the injured and to "earnestly maintain social stability", state television said.
Authorities must step up action to prevent such incidents and determine the cause of
the blast as quickly as possible, Xi added.
"There has recently been a series of major accidents, and all places and relevant
departments must fully learn the lessons from these," the report cited Xi as saying.
Late on Thursday, the Jiangsu environmental protection bureau said in a statement
that the environmental monitoring station in the area had found no abnormal
concentrations of chemicals such as toluene, xylene or benzene.
Concentrations of acetone and chloroform outside the blast zone were also within
normal limits, it added.
Jiangsu will carry out inspections chemical producers and warehouses, an
emergency notice said on Friday.
The notice, published on the news website of the province's Communist Party, said
the government would shut down chemical firms found not to be complying with
regulations on dangerous chemicals.
Public anger over safety standards has grown in China over industrial accidents,
ranging from mining disasters to factory fires, that have marred three decades of
swift economic growth.
In 2015, 165 people were killed in explosions at a chemical warehouse in the
northern city of Tianjin, one of the world's busiest ports, which is not far from the
capital, Beijing.
Those blasts were big enough to be seen by satellites and register on earthquake
sensors.
Despite repeated government pledges to tighten safety, disasters have hit chemical
plants in particular, with 23 people killed in November in a series of blasts during the
delivery of a flammable gas at a chemical maker.
(Reporting by David Stanway; Additional reporting by Dominique Patton, Ben
Blanchard and Lusha Zhang in BEIJING; Editing by Simon Cameron-Moore and
Clarence Fernandez)

Read more at https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2019/03/22/death-toll-from-

china-pesticide-plant-explosion-hits-12#BJP51M0tG41wRWhv.99
 Several safety precautions to prevent the same incidents

1. An employee's duties are to take reasonable care of the health and safety of
themselves and of others who may be affected by what they do or do not do
cooperate with the employer on health and safety matters. Not misuse any
equipment that is provided for safety purposes.

2. The Workplace Safety and Health Act supports every worker’s right to a safe and healthy
workplace. It assigns responsibility to each person in the workplace for creating and
maintaining a safe and healthy workplace, to the extent he or she has the authority and
ability to do so. Everyone has a personal and shared responsibility to work together to
prevent workplace injuries and illness. The main duties of the various types of people in the
workplace are listed below:
 Taking necessary precautions to ensure the safety, health and welfare of workers
 Providing and maintaining a safe workplace, equipment, tools and systems
 Ensuring all workers and supervisors are aware of hazards in the workplace as well as the
precautions necessary for their protection
 Providing workers with competent supervision
 Providing all new workers with a safety and health orientation
 Providing the training necessary to protect workers’ safety and health before they begin a
new job
 Taking necessary precautions to ensure that other people are not exposed to safety or
health risks due to the activities of the workplace
 Consulting and co-operating with the workplace safety and health committee or
representative
 Co-operating with other people on workplace safety and health matters.
3. Employers have a duty to ensure the safety and health of workers in every aspect related to the
work and they have to provide the necessary organisation and means. Starting with allocating
responsibilities the health and safety personnel has to have the necessary knowledge to conduct a
risk assessment regarding possible fire and explosion hazards and to select related measures. If
appropriately qualified staff is not available within the company, the employer has to contract an
outside expert.
Ensuring qualification and further education of all employees involved in fire prevention and fire-
fighting tasks is another important management issue. This has to include regular fire drills and
should also involve demonstrations of how easily fires can develop presented by the fire brigade or
related institutions. Employees should be given the opportunity to not only develop their knowledge
but to also bring in their experience. This is all the more important as also unplanned and
unforeseeable dangerous situations and the behaviour of workers need to be considered. However
in this aspect it is also of foremost importance that all superiors set a good example and always
follow the rules themselves.

4. Under federal law, you are entitled to a safe workplace. Your employer must provide a
workplace free of known health and safety hazards. If you have concerns, you have the
right to speak up about them without fear of retaliation. You also have the right to:

 Be trained in a language you understand

 Work on machines that are safe
 Be provided required safety gear, such as gloves or a harness and lifeline for falls
 Be protected from toxic chemicals
 Request an OSHA inspection, and speak to the inspector
 Report an injury or illness, and get copies of your medical records
 See copies of the workplace injury and illness log
 Review records of work-related injuries and illnesses
 Get copies of test results done to find hazards in the workplace
 Part 2: Job Safety Analysis(JSA)/Job Hazard Analysis(JHA)

Introduction
The purpose of this module is to understand what a Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is and to advise when
to use it, how to develop it and f where it fits into the risk management process. It seeks to provide
practical guidance for holders, operators, site senior executives, supervisors, contractors and
persons who are responsible for safety. The module does not prevent other ways of achieving an
acceptable level of risk from being adopted and followed. JSA is one of several hazard
identification and risk assessment tools used by the industries. It is a basic tool and its application
and quality varies greatly. Used in the correct context, it can be a useful safety tool, however if it
is used incorrectly or inappropriately, it can result in poor identification of hazards and may
contribute to serious incidents. The term 'job' and 'task' are commonly used interchangeably to
mean a specific work assignment. There may be many individual tasks in a job and as such 'job' may
be a more appropriate term. Similarly 'safety' and 'hazard' can also be used interchangeably. The
term 'job' and 'task' are commonly used interchangeably to mean a specific work assignment. There
may be many individual tasks in a job and as such 'job' may be a more appropriate term. Similarly
'safety' and 'hazard' can also be used interchangeably.
As the term 'job safety analysis' is not restricted to only identification of hazards, but the
implementation of controls and verification of the effectiveness of those controls, the term 'safety'
will have a more appropriate meaning in the context of assessment of risk in a job.
Presently there are many different versions of JSAs operating in industries, including:
 Job Safety and Environment Analysis (JSEA)
 Task Hazard Analysis (THA)
 Safe Job Analysis (SJA)
 Task Safety Analysis (TSA)
 Pre-Work Safety Check
 Job Task Analysis
In general the JSA has the following two ways of understanding:
“Job safety analysis is an important part of a safety programme for stopping work accidents and
illnesses. It is about looking at each job to identify and assess hazards and set up safe work
practices”.

And job hazard analysis (JHA), also called a job safety analysis (JSA), is a technique to
identify the dangers of specific tasks in order to reduce the risk of injury to workers. Why is
a JHA important? Once you know what the hazards are, you can reduce or eliminate them
before anyone gets hurt.
Department: Occupational Job Analyzed: Chemical Date Completed: 3 September
Safety and Health 2019
(DOSH)

Location: YANCHENG, Task Completed By: Supervisor:

China Muhammad Alif Asnawi bin Azman Ahmad Akiff Ikhwan bin Zani

Required PPE: Coverall, Analysis By: Reviewed By:

Safety helmet, Safety
Hazim Mirza bin Mohd Yusri Muhammad Alif Asnawi bin
goggle, Safety boots, Azman
Gloves3
Hazim Mirza bin Mohd Yusri

Ahmad Akiff Ikhwan bin Zani

Part 3: Material Sheet Data Sheet(MSDS) or Chemical Sheet Data Sheet (CSDS)
SEQUENCE OF POTENTIAL HAZARDS CONTROLS
JOBSTEPS
Park Vehicle over-parking and site Must park their vehicle
congestion resulting in backward
dangerous manoeuvres,
blocking of pedestrian routes,
etc
Storage equipment If the equipment breaks,it Must keep the equipment in
can invite accidents and tools box and safe places.
injury

Traffic flows Traffic congestion will occur traffic should be arranged so

if not followed that cross flow are
minimized and the potential
for congestion and
accidents reduced.
Material Sheet Data Sheet(MSDS)

A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that contains information on the
potential hazards (health, fire, reactivity and environmental) and how to work safely with the
chemical product. It is an essential starting point for the development of a complete health
and safety program. It also contains information on the use, storage, handling and
emergency procedures all related to the hazards of the material. The MSDS contains much
more information about the material than the label. MSDSs are prepared by the supplier or
manufacturer of the material. It is intended to tell what the hazards of the product are, how to
use the product safely, what to expect if the recommendations are not followed, what to do if
accidents occur, how to recognize symptoms of overexposure, and what to do if such
incidents occur And Safety data sheets (SDSs) provide useful information on chemicals,
describing the hazards the chemical presents, and giving information on handling, storage
and emergency measures in case of an accident.
 Identification Product

Product name : Potassium Nitrate

Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula KNO3. It is an ionic
salt of potassium ions K+ and nitrate ionsNO3−, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate.

It occurs in nature as a mineral, niter. It is a source of nitrogen, from which it derives its name.
Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to
as saltpeter or saltpetre.

Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket
propellants and fireworks. It is one of the major constituents of gunpowder (black powder)
In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and generates a pink color.
 Identification Product

Supplier : SQM Northamerica

Corporation Address : 3101 Towercreek Parkway, Suite 450 Atlanta, GA 30339
Telephone : (770) 916 9400
Fax : (770) 916 9401
Emergency Number : (800) 424 9300 (CHEMTREC)

Composition/Information on Ingredients
Chemical Name : Potassium Nitrate, Saltpeter, Niter
CAS No. : 7757-79-1
EINECS No. : 231-818-1
Molecular Weight : 101.1
Formula : KNO3

Hazards Identification
Emergency Overview
Oxidizer. Contact with combustible material will not cause spontaneous ignition. However,
substance will enhance an existing fire (Class 1 oxidizer according to NFPA).
NFPA Ratings
Health : 1
Flammability : 0
Reactivity : 1
Special : Oxidizer
Potential Health Effects
Inhalation : Inhalation of dust irritates the respiratory tract. Symptoms may include coughing.
Ingestion : Hazardous in case of ingestion.
Skin Contact : May cause irritation, specially with wet skin.
Eye Contact : May cause irritation, eye redness, itching and pain.
 First Aid Measures
General Information In case of persisting adverse effects consult a physician.
Specific Measures
Inhalation : Remove to fresh air. Get medical attention for any breathing difficulty.
Ingestion : Induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth (oral) to an unconscious person.
Skin Contact : In case of irritation, remove clothing. Wipe excess from skin. Wash with soap and
water for at least 5 minutes.
Eye Contact : Flush eyes with plenty of water, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally.

Handling and Storage

Handling

Special Procedures None.

Safe Handling Procedures Minimize dust generation. Avoid contact with eyes and skin.

Storage

Special Requirements : Reseal carefully any opened container and set upright to avoid leakages.
Keep the product in the original containers.

Storage Conditions : Keep away from flammable substances. Do not store with combustibles or
reducing agents. Keep containers tightly closed in well ventilated and cool place.

Exposure Controls / Personal Protection

Exposure Limits

Suggested according to US regulations : 15 mg/m3 (total dust) ; 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction)

Exposure Controls

Local exhaust ventilation to keep low dust environment.

Personal Protective Equipment

Respiratory : Dust mask if necessary, i.e. in case of dust emission or dusty environments.

Eyes : Safety goggles required all the time.

Hands : Nitrile rubber gloves, over 0.11 mm thickness, > 480 min breakthrough time.

Hygiene Measures

Do not drink, eat or smoke during product manipulation. Keep away from foodstuffs and beverages.
Wash hands before breaks and after work.
 Conclusion

In conclusion, we must keep safety while do any work and we must learn from the accident. As we
know, an accident can be matter of time and place, so we need to be concerned about safety to
prevent accidents from happening. And then, the way to avoid accidents is to remind people around
us about the importance of safety at work.
 Reference

1. https://assets.greenbook.net/M123477.pdf
2. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Professionalism/Tianjin_Chemical_Storage_Explosions
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_nitrate
4. https://studylib.net/doc/7542583/sequence-of-basic-job-steps
5. https://www.google.com/search?q=explosion+at+chinese+chemical+plant&source=lnms&tb
m=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjB-
7vysLfkAhWE8HMBHdWKBuAQ_AUIEigB&biw=1366&bih=608#imgrc=OFR-MN3hjBYWkM:
6. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2019/03/22/death-toll-from-china-pesticide-
plant-explosion-hits-12
KOLEJ KEMAHIRAN TINGGI MARA KEMAMAN
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE)

TITLE REPORT
Blast at Chinese chemical plant

LECTURER NAME
EN ABDUL KHALID BIN OTHMAN
STUDENT NAME
1. HAZIM MIRZA B MOHD YUSRI (980104-10-6595)
2. MUHAMMAD ALIF ASNAWI B AZMAN (000621-11-0617)
3. AHMAD AQIFF IKHWAN B ZUKI (960524-14-6309)

PROGRAMME
DLS 1A (JAN - JUN )2019