Microsoft PowerPoint - 2 - Basic Design Calculation 31.08.2007 PDF

Basic Design Calculation
Electrical Section
Design calculations For Electrical System
Classification
Mandatory (for all projects)
Others (Based On requirement)
Mandatory Calculations
• Load Calculation for load assessment of maximum
demand, transformer, DG& UPS rating
• Lighting Lux level calculation
• Lift Traffic Analysis
• Short Circuit calculation
• Cable Sizing Calculation

• Earthing Calculation
• Capacitor Bank Calculation (APFC)

Project Specific Calculations
• Battery Sizing Calculation (for UPS & Breaker control
circuits)
• Relay Setting Calculation
• Knee point voltage Calculation (NCT design)

Load Calculation
• Initially to receive the exact power inputs from the other
services it takes some time before which we need to
arrive at the voltage class & substation size.
• This is where “per sq ft” concept comes into play. This
will be the initial step in the project
• To do the calculation we need to collect the following
details
• Area statement from the architect clearly indicating
the common area and office/main area. Generally the
common area will be 30% of the total built-up area.
• Indices relevant to the project being worked on.
Watts per Sqft details…
HOUSING HOSPITALS IT
W/Sq .Ft. W/Sq .Ft. PARKS
W/Sq .Ft.
Lighting Load 0.8 1.5 1.2
Power Load (Including 1.2 4.0 0.7

raw power, plumbing)
UPS Load 0 1 2.2
HVAC Load 3 7 7
Load Calculation…
• The arrived load is Connected Load.
• To size the transformer, DG sets, UPS and to know the
supply voltage class, Maximum Demand has to be
calculated.
• Maximum Demand (M.D.) = Connected Load (C.L.) x

Demand factor (D.F.)
• Demand factor may be decided according the load for a

specific type of project
Typical Demand Factors
Description Demand factor Inference
Lighting 0.8 Not all the lights will be
energised all the time at
least 20% will not be used.
Power 0.4 Same principle as lighting
(Including Pumps) is followed here also as
only 40% power will be
utilized by the equipments.
HVAC 0.7 or 0.6(in some Since the Chillers and
special cases) pumps are sized with
sufficient margin
UPS 0.8 Same as the case of raw
power. But might vary a bit
in IT parks. Other than IT
parks the percentage may
still reduce to 60%
Load Calculation with
more accurate load…
• If the architecture drawing with furniture layout is
available, fitting schedules can be prepared.
• Fitting schedule lists each and every room with required
no. of light fittings, power sockets and other systems.
• Appropriate wattage according to the fixture is assigned
to each of the item and the total load is calculated.
• The schedule will also be helpful to find out the no of
light points, power points, circuits, DBs which is used to
configure the panel board.
• Apart from the schedule, loads from other services are to
be collected to arrive at the total load.
HVAC loads…
"
#$
$ %
PHE loads… "
" &
'
(
FIRE loads…
)
* ) (
'
+ +
Lighting Calculation
• One of the important design calculation

• Lighting depends on the type of projects and also the
purpose of each area which is to be lighted.
• The calculation aims at maintaining the required LUX
level for the specified area according to IS standards (IS
3646 Part I,II&III) by providing suitable light fixtures
based on the purpose of the place.
• !"
"
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• $
•
• Basement #
• Earlier it manual method used for lighting level
calculation
• Currently software provided by lighting vendors like
WIPRO, PHILIPS, CROMPTON GREEVES, THORN etc
are used
• One of the most widely used software for our design is
DIALUX
• Using DIALUX we can create the lighting design for all
the areas according to the required lux level as per
standards and also we can have a feel of the practical
condition by using the 3D image.
• The design not only relies completely on the output from
the software but from the logical thinking of the designer
Inputs
• Lux level required for the room / area as per IS
• Room dimensions (L x B x H) as per architecture
drawing
• Reflectance factor to be chosen as per the colour
scheme of Floor, wall & ceiling (Get feedback from
architect)
• Maintenance factor to be considered (based on the
cleanliness of the room)
• Fixture to be used in the room (Based on the
functionality of the room and architectural requirement)
DIALUX
DIALUX
DIALUX
DIALUX
DIALUX
DIALUX
DIALUX

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Basic Design Calculation

• Lift Traffic Analysis

• Short Circuit calculation

• Cable Sizing Calculation

• Capacitor Bank Calculation (APFC)

• Knee point voltage Calculation (NCT design)

Power Load (Including 1.2 4.0 0.7

UPS Load 0 1 2.2

• Maximum Demand (M.D.) = Connected Load (C.L.) x

• Demand factor may be decided according the load for a

• One of the important design calculation

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