Academic Standards for

Mathematics

Grades PreK-High School

January 2013

Pennsylvania Department ofEducation

 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

INTRODUCTION

The Co=on Core Standards in Mathematics in grades PreK-5 lay a solid foundation in whole numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, fractions, and decimals. Taken together, these elements support a student's ability to learn and apply more demanding math concepts and
procedures. The middle school and high school standards call on students to practice applying mathematical ways ofthinking to real world issues and
challenges; they prepare students to think and reason mathematically. Additionally, they set a rigorous definition of college and career readiness by
demanding that students develop a depth of understanding and ability to apply mathematics to novel situations, as college students and employees
regularly do. Although the standards are not a curriculum or a prescribed series of activities, school entities will use them to develop a local school
curriculum that will meet local students' needs.

This document includes PA Core Standards for Mathematical Content and Mathematical Practice. The mathematics standards define what
students should understand and be able to do. Mathematical Practice Standards describes the habits ofmind required to reach_a level ofmathematical
proficiency.

PA Core Standards

Standards for Mathematical Practice

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IPage2

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

Standards cannot be viewed or addressed in isolation, as each standard depends upon or may lead into multiple standards across grades; thus, it is
imperative that educators are familiar with both the standards that come before and those that follow a particular grade level. These revised standards
reflect instructional shifts that cannot occur without the integrated emphasis on content and practice.

Standards are overarching statements of what a proficient math student should know and be able to do. The Pennsylvania Assessment Anchors and
Eligible Content closely align with the revised standards and are an invaluable source for greater detail.

Key Points in Mathematics

• The standards stress both procedural skills and conceptual understanding to ensure students are learning and applying the critical
information they need to succeed at higher levels.

• K-5 standards, which provide students with a solidfoundation in whole numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,
fractions, and decimals, help young students build the foundation to successfully apply more demanding math concepts and
procedures, and move into application. They also provide detailed guidance to teachers on how to navigate their way through topics
such as fractions, negative numbers, and geometry, and do so by maintaining a continuous progression from grade to grade.

• Having built a strong foundation at K-5, students can do hands-on learning in geometry, algebra, and probability and statistics.
Students who have mastered the content and skills through the seventh grade will be well-preparedfor algebra in grade 8.

• High school standards emphasize practicing applying mathematical ways ofthinking to real world issues and challenges.

!Page3

january2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

The PA Core Standards for Mathematics detail four standard areas: Numbers and Operations, Algebraic Concepts, Geometry, and Measurement,
Data, and Probability. These standard areas are reflective of.the reporting categories in the PA Core Assessment Anchors and Eligible Content. The ·
intent of this document is to provide a useful tool for designing curriculum, instruction, and assessment. The grade level curriculum and instructional
shifts in mathematics cannot occur without the integrated emphasis on content and practice. The chart below illustrates the four standard areas and
the development and progression of the strands, with an understanding that all is framed around the Standards for Mathematical Practice.

Mathe.matical Standards: Development and Progression

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1Page4

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.1 Numbers and Operations

The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and exnress re~' laritv in repeated reasonin1 .
GradePreK GradeK Gradel GradeZ Grade3 Grade4 Grades
Z.1.PreK Z.1.K . Z.1.1 Z.1.Z Z.1.3 Z.1.4 Z.1.5
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the Jmowledge andskills needed to:
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JPageS

)anuary2013
 -------------------------------------------------------------------

Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.1 Numbers and Operations

The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning ofothers. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and •=ress re<>uJaritv in ren eated reasonin: .
GradePreK GradeK Gradel GradeZ Grade3 Grade4 Grades
Z.1.PreK 2.1.K 2.1.1 Z.1.2 Z.1.3 2.1.4 Z.1.5
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to:
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1Page6

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.2 Algebraic Concepts

The Standards ofMathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solVingthem. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and Pvnress re!rulari -;v in reoeated reasonini .
GradePreK GradeK Gradel Grade2 Grade3 Grade4 Grades
2.2.PreK 2.2.K 2.2.1 Z.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, andsupport every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and ski.Ifs needed to:
CC.Z.2.l'reKA.1 CC.2.2.KA.1 CC.2.2.1.A.1 CC.Z.2.2.A.1 CC.2.2.3.A.1 CC.2.Z.4.A.1 CC.2.2.S.A.1
Understand addition as Extend the concepts of Represent and solve Represent and solve Represent and solve Represent and solve Interpretand evaluate
putting together and putting together and problems involviDg problems involving problems involving problems involving tbt;: numerical expressions
adding to, and taking apart to add and addition and subtraction addition and multiplication and four operations. using order ofoperations.
understand subtraction subtract Within 10. Within20. subtraction Within 100. division. ..
astakingapartand M04.ll-0.1.1.l MOS.Jl..0.1.1.l
taking from. M03.ll-O.l.l.1 M04.ll-0.l.1.2 MOS.ll·O.l.1.2
M03.B-O.l.l.Z M04.B-O.l.l.3
M03.B-O.l.2.l M04.B-O.l.1.4
bO
= -----------------------­ ------------------------­ ·c:c::z~z.1:.u ...·-··----­ M03.B·0.1.2.2
·cc.i-.Z:z.A.2········ · ·­ ·cc:2:z1i".A:2·······--··-· -----------------------­
CC.Z.2.4.A.2 -------------------------­
:ii Understand and apply Use mental strategies to Understand properties of Develop and/or apply
.5 properties of operations add and subtract Within multiplication and the number tbeozy concepts
.=:
E-< and the relationship 20. relationship between to find factors and
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subtraction. division.
'"' M04.B·0.2.1.1
""'~" M03.B-O.Z.1.1
..: M03.B-0.2.1.2
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CC.Z.2.2.A.3
.MQ~,J!:Q.~J..:\. ·-·--·· ••••
CC.Z.2.3.A.3 ----------------------­ ------------------------­
"' WorkWitb equal groups Demonstrate
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foundations for
multiplication and
division fluency.
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a;"' .!PP112iPltC!l~~l}__ ___ ----­

------------------------­ -----------------------­
-----------------------­ ------------------------­ ------------------------­ CC.Z.2.3.A.4 CC.2.2.4.A.4 ------------------------­
CC.2.2.5.A.4
0"" Solve problems involving Generate and analyze Analyze patterns and
s
~
the four operations, and
identify and explain
patterns using one rule. relationships using tlNo
rules.
patterns in arithmetic. M04.B-0.3.1.1
M04.B-0.3.1.2 MOS.B-0.2.1.1
Intentionally Blank Intentionally Blank Intentionally Blank Intentionally Blank M03.B·0.3.1.1 M04.ll·0.3.1.3 MOS.B-0.2.1.2
M03.B·0.3.1.2
M03.B-0.3.l.3
M03.B-0.3.1.4
M03.B-03.1.S
M03.B-0.3.1.6
M03.B-0.3.1.7

IPage7

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.3 Geometry
The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and exuress regularitv in reueated reasonin .
GradePreK GradeK Grade 1 GradeZ Grade3 Grade4 Grades
2.3.PreK 2.3.l( Z.3.1 Z.3.Z 2.3.3 Z.3.4 2.3.5
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every student to realize his or hermaximum potential and to acquire the lmowledge and skills needed to:
CC.Z.3.PreK.A.1 CC.2.3.K.A.1 CC.Z.3.1.A.1 CC.2.3.2.A.1 CC.2.3.3.A.1 CC.2.3.4.A.1 CC.2.3.5.A.1
Identify and describe Identify and descnbe Compose and distinguish Analyze and draw two- Identify,colllpare,and Draw lines and angles Graph points in the first
shapes. two- and three- between ruro- and three-­ and three...ffimensional classify shapes and their and identify these in quadrant on the
dimensional shapes. dimensional shapes shapes having specified attributes. tvvo-dimensional coordinate plane and
based on their attrihu.tes. attnOutes. figures. interpret these points
M03.C-G.1.1.1 when solving real world
M03.C-G.1.1.2 M04.C-G.1.1.1 and mathematical
problems.
f MOS.C-G.1.1.1
s" ·c:c.z.:;::er.K.A:z-­------ -C:ciTK.A.:£-----------­ "(:C:2:3.ii2­--­------­-­ ·ce::2:s.2A:2 ·----­--­-­ ------------------------­ -c:i:3:-4.A.i___ --­--­--­- _!:1.P_~.f:~,.,1~
0 --­ -------­ -­
CC.2.3.3.A.Z CC.2.3.S.A.Z
"
~ Attalyze, compare, Analyze, compare, create, Use the understanding of Use the understanding Use the understanding of Classifytwo- Glassey two,.ditnensional
§: create, and compose and compose two· and fractions to partition offractions to partition fractionstopartition dimensional figures by figures into categories
shapes. three-dimensional shapes into halves and shapes into halves, shapes into parts with properties oftheir llnes based on an
shapes. quarters. quarters, and thirds. equal areas and express and angles. understanding oftheir
the area ofeach µwt as a properties.
unit fraction ofthe whole. M04.C-G.1.1.2
MOS.C-G.2.1.1
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----------------------­ ------------------------­ ------------------------­ -----------------------­ ·cc::i:i.4-:A::r----------­ -------------------------·
:Recognize symmetric
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shapes and draw lines of Intentionally Blank
symmetry.

M04.C-G.1.1.3

[Pages

January2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.4 Measurement, Data, and Probability

The Standards ofMathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct Viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use of strUcture. Look for and ""vnress reun l~ri .,, in reoeated reasonine-.
GradePreK GradeK Gradel Grade2 Grade3 Grade4 Grades
2.4.PreK 2.4.K 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 Z.4.4 2.4.S
P"""' uJvania's public schools shaJJ teach, cha/len.qe, and surwort ev"""'' student to realize his or her maximum Doten ti al and to acauire the knowledae and skills needed to:
CC.2.4.P:reK.A.1 CC.2.4.K.A.1 CC.2.4.1.A.1 CC.2.4.2.A.1 CC.Z.4.3.A.1 CC.Z.4.4.A.1 CC.Z.4.S.A.1
Describe and compare Descn'be and .compare Order Iengtbs and Measure and estimate Solve problems involving Solve problems Solve problems using
measurable attributes attributes oflength, area, measure them both lengths in standard measurement and involving measurement conversions within a given
oflength and weight of weight, and capacity of indire<:tly and by units using appropriate estimation of and conversioos from a measurement system.
evecyday objects. everyday objects. repeating length units. tools. temperature, liqUid larger unit to a smaller
volume, mass, and length. unit. MOS.D-M.1.1.1

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A
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M03.D-M.1.2.1
M03.D-M.1.2.2
M03.D-M.1.2.3
M04.D-M.1.1.l
M04.D-M.1.1.2
M04.D-M.1.1.3
M04.D-M.1.1.4 ·cc:i:4:s-.A::Z______________
.
=
="'
----------------------­ ------------------------­ -e:c:2:.;,:1A2_______ --­ --­ -----------------------­
Tell and write time to the
CC.2.4.Z.A.Z
Tell and write tim.e to
·c:c:Z.¥:3::.u-·----------­ ·cc.z.4:.;,.:,u-­ --­ --­ --­
Tell and write time to the
nearest minute and solve
Translate information
from one type of data
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data using appropriate
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nearest half hour using
both analog and digital
the nearest five minutes
using both analog and problems by calculating display to another. scale.
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clocks. digital clocks. time intervals.
M04.D-M.Z.1.3 MOS.D-M.Z.1.Z
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s -----------------------· ------------------------­ ------------------------­
Solve problems and
CC.Z.4.3.A.3
Solve problems and make
-----------------------­ -------------------------­
make change using ch.aDge involving money
coins and paper using a combination of
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appropriate symbols.
MD3.D-M.1.3.l
M03.D-M.l.3.Z
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[Page9

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.4 Measurement, Data, and Probabilitv

The Standards ofMathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and crltique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use of structure. Look for and exnress regularitv in repeated reasoning.
GradePreK Z.4.K Grade K Gradel Z.4.Z Grade 2 2.4.3 Grade 3 2.4.4· Grade 4 Z.4.5 Grade 5
2.4.PreK 2.4.1
PenTI vJvania's uublic schools shall teach, challenae, and sunnort evp~r student t:o realize his or her maxi.mum Dotent:ial and to acauire the knowledae and skills needed to:
CC.Z.4.PreK.A.4 CC.Z.4.K.A.4 CC.Z.4.1.A.4 CC.Z.4.Z.A.4 CC.Z.4.3.A.4 CC.Z.4.4.A.4 CC.Z.4S.A.4
Classify objects and Classify objects and count Represent and interpret Represent and interpret Represent and interpret Represent and interpret Solve problems involving
count the number of the number ofobjects in data using tables/charts. data using line plots, data using tally charts, data irivolviog fractions computation offractions
objects iii each category. each category. pictUre graphs, and bar tables, pictographs, line using information· using information
graphs. plots, and bar graphs. provided in a line plot provided in a line plot

M03.D·M.Z.1.1 MD4.IJ..M.Z.1.1 MOS.D·M.Z.1.1

M03.D-M.2.1.2 M04.IJ..M.2.1.2
M03.D·M.2.1.3
}:1.D_3Jl:MJ.,~,4t- •• _. __ •__
.!S ----------------------­ ------------------------­ ------------------------­ -----------------------­ CC.Z.4.3.A.5 -----------------------­ ·ca:4.s:A:s-------·--·--­
"'
i:< Determine the area of a Apply concepts ofvolume
""...."'
.:: rectangle and apply the
concept to multiplicati~n
to solve problems and
relate volume to
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"'s M03.D-M.3.1.1
addition.

"'s M03.D·M3.1.2 MOS.D·M.3.1.l

.,
«:ci.¥.i:A:6-------•-•-- «:ci.4.3:A:6·--­ --­ --­ --­ -c:c.2:4:4.A.6____________ _!'{Q§,!l31:.~·~;? ___ -----·-­
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;s Extend the concepts of Solve problems involT.ng Measure angles and use
~
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addition and subtraction perimeters ofpolygons properties of adjacent
to problems involving and distinguish between angles to solve
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length- linear and area measures. problems.
M03.D-M.4.1.1 M04.D·M.3.1.1
M04.D·M.3.1.2

IP age 10
Januazy2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.1. Numbers and Operations

The Standards of Mathematical Practices

Make sense ofproblems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.

Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.

Look for and make use of structure. Look for and eXPress regularitv in repeated reasoning.

2.1.6Grade6 I 2.1.7Grade7 I 2.1.SGradeS I I 2.1.HSHighSchool

-
~
.§
CC.Z.1.6.D.1
Understand ratio
concepts and use ratio
CC.Z.1.7.D.1
Analyze proportional
relationships and use

I II
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every student to realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the lmowledge and skills needed to:
CC.Z.1.l!S.F.1
Apply and extend the properties ofexponents to solve problems with rational exponents.

Al.1.1.1.1, Al.1.1.1.2, A1.l.1.3.1, A2.1.2.1.1, A2.1.2.1.2, A2.1.2.1.3, A2.l.Z.1.4

t: v.i reasoning to solve them to modcl and solve
8. .§' problems. real-world and CC.Z.1.HS.F.Z
E '<:;;
0.. :::
mathematicalproblem.s. Apply properties of rational and irrational numberS to solve real world or mathematical problems.
Intentionally Blartk Al.1.1.1.1, Al.1.1.1.2, Al.l.1.3.1, Al.1.1.2.l
o1l il M06.A·R.1.l.1 M07.A·R.1.l.1
~~
= i§ M06.A·R.1.1.2
M06.A-R.l.1.3
M07.A·R.1.l.2
M07.A-R.1.l.3
CC.Z.l.l!S.F.3
Apply quantitative reasoning to choose and interpret units and scales in formulas, graphs, and data
~ M06.A·R.1.1.4 M07.A·R.1.1.4 displays.

e: M0'6.A-R.l.1.5 M07.A-R.1.1.S

M07.A-R.1.1.6
Al.1.2.1.1, Al.1.2.1.2, Al.1.Z.1.3, A1.2.1.2.1, A1.2.1.2.2, A2.Z.Z.1.1, A2.2.Z.1.2, A2.2.3.l.1,
A2.Z.3.1.2
CC.2.1.6.E.1 CC.Z.1.7.E.1 CC.2.1.S.E.1

Apply and extend Apply and extend

Distioguisb between 0 CC.Z.l.HS.F.4
previous understandings
of multiplication and
previous understandings
of-Operations with
rational and irrational
numbers usiD:g their
"'g
§
Use units as av.ray to understand problems and to guide the solution -0f multi-step problems.
Al.1.2.1.1, Al.1.2.1.2, Al.1.Z.1.3, Al.2.1.2.1, A1.2.1.2.2, A22.2.1.1, A2.2.2.1.2
division to diVide fractions to operations properties.

l ]
fractions by fractions. with rational nUIIlbers.
CC.Z.l.HS.F.S
MOS.A-N.l.1.l Choose a level of accuracy appropriate to limitations on measurement when reporting quantities.
M06.A-N.1.1.1 M07.A-N.1.1.1 MOS.A-N.l.1.2
a; Al.1.2.1.1, A1.1.Z.1.2, Al.1.Z.1.3, Al.1.2.2.1, Al.1.2.Z.2, Al.1.3.l.1, Al.1.3.1.2, Al.1.3.1.3,
=
.!:i
-~~~~~t~~~----------- -~t~:t~t. ____________ _ "E Al.1.3 .2.1, Al.l.3 .2.2, A2.Z.3.1.1, A2.2.3.1.2
g:, ------------------------­
"' CC.2.1.6.E.2
£ CC.Z.1.HS.F.6
~ Identify and choose §: Extend the lmowiedge of arithmetic operations and apply to complex numbers.

"§ appropriate processes to

A2.l.1.1.1, A2.1.1.1.2, A2.1.1.Z.1, A2.l.1.2.2
S compute fluently with
~ multi-digit numbers. CC.2.1.HS.F.7
Apply concepts ofcomplex numbers in polynomial identities and quadratic equations to solve
§; J-~~~t~i1'L _________ _ problems.
A2.Z.l.1.1, A2.2.1.1.2, A2.2.l.1.3, A2.2.1.1.4
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Develop ;md/or apply
nUlD.bertheoryconcepts

to find common factors

and multiples.

M06.A-N.2.2.l

M06.A-N.2.2.2

'---'-~-1,h~~,L--------------'-------------------------'----------------·-·------~-~--------------------------------~

IP age 11

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.1. Numbers and Operations

The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and •vnress re<'nlaritv in reoeated reasoning.
2.1.6 Grade 6 2.1.7 Grade 7 2.1.8 Grade 8 2.1.HS High School
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every studentw realize his or her maximum potential and to acquire the knowledge and skills needed W:
CC.2.1.6.E.4 CC.2.1.8.E.4
Apply and extend Estimate irrational
previous understandings numbers by compa.'"ing
ofnumbers to the system them to rational numbers.
ofrational numbers.
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MOS.A·N.1.1.3
M06.A-N3.1.1 MOS.A·N.1.1.4
M06.A-N3.1.2 MOS.A-N.1.1.S
M06.A·N3.1.3 Al.1.1.1.1
M06.A·N.3.2.1
M06.A-ll.3.2.2
M06.A-N.3.2.3

[Page12

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.2. Algebraic Concepts

The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense ofproblems and persevere in solvi.'lg them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and exnress regularitvin repeated reasoning.
2.2.6 Grade 6 2.2.7 Grade 7 2.2.8 Grade 8 2.2.HS High School
Penn rvlvartia's uublic schools shall teach, challem1e, and sunnort everv student to realize his or her maximum uot:ential and to acmrire the /mowledae and skills needed to:
CC.2.:Z.6.8.1 CC.2.2.7.8.1 CC.2.:Z.8.B.1 CC.2.:Z.HS.D.1

Apply and extend

Apply properties of Apply concepts of radicals Interpret the structure of expressions to represent a quantity in terms of its context.
previous understandings operations to generate and integer exponents to Al.1.1.5.1, Al.1.1.5.2,Al.1.1.S.3, AZ.1.2.2.1, AZ.1.2.2.2
of arithmetic to algebraic equivalent expressions. generate equivalent CC.2.2.HS.D.2
expressions. expressions. Write expressions in equivalent forms to solve problems.
M07.B-E.1.1.1 Al.1.1.S.1, Al.1.1.5.2, Al.1.1.5.3, AZ.1.2.1.1, AZ.1.:Z.1.2,AZ.1.2.1.3, AZ.1.2.1.4, AZ.1.2.2.1,
M06.B-E.1.1.1 MOS.B·E.1.1.1 AZ.1.:Z.Z.2
M06.B-E.1.1.2 MOS.B-E.1.1.2
M06.B-E.1.1.3 MOS.B-E.1.1.3 CC.2.2.HS.D.3
Extend the knowledge of arithmetic operations and apply to polynomials.
M06.B-E.1.1.4 MOS.B-E.1.1.4

_]'1Q§,~:~.l,'.!,.?, ___________
Al.1.1.S.1, Al.1.1.5.2, Al.1.1.5.3, AZ.l.2.2.1, AZ.1.2.2.2
--~----------------------
-~~J:.~._1__ ___ ---------- -­ CC.2.2.HS.D.4
CC.Z.2.6.8.2 CC.Z.2.8.B.Z
Understand the process Understand the Understand the relationship between zeros and fac-.ors of polynomials to make generalizations about
of solving a one-variable connections between functions and their graphs.
~ equation or inequality proportional rel:ationshlps,
AZ.1.:Z.Z.1, AZ.1.2.2.2
g and apply it to real-world
lines1 and linear equations. CC.2.2.HS.O.S
~ and mathematical
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Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
~
problems. MOS.B-E.2.1.1 Al.1.1.5.1, Al.1.1.5.2, Al.1.1.5.3, AZ.1.2.2.1, AZ.1.:Z.Z.2,AZ.l.3.1.1, AZ.l.3.1.2, AZ.l.3.1.3,
"'""
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MOS.B·E.2.1.2
MOS.B-E.2.1.3
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~
M06.E-E.2.1.1
M06.B-E.:Z.1.2 Al.2.1.2.2 ""
_; CC.2.2.HS.D.6
Extend the knowledge ofrational functions to remite in equivalez:tform.s.
g M06.B-E.2.1.3 <
~ Al.1.1.S.1, Al.1.15.2, Al.1.1.5.3, AZ.1.3.1.1, AZ.1.3.1.2,AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4
;;
M06.B-E.:Z.1.4 B
e ·cc:i:z:6.ii:r------------·e:c:2::z.7.ii3"-----------­
~

·cc:-2:z~S:1i::i ·--------·---­ CC.2.2.HS.D.7

Create and graph equations or inequalities.to describe numbers or relationships.
""x Represent and analyze Model and solve real- Analyze and solve linear Al.1.2.1.1, Al.1.2.1.2, Al.1.2.1.3, Al.1.Z.2.1, Al.1.2.2.2, Al.l.3.1.1, Al.1.3.1.2, Al.1.3.1.3,
"'s quantitative
~
world and mathematical equations and pairs of Al.1.3.2.1, Al.l.3.2.2, AZ.l.3.1.1, A2.1.3.1.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.M, AZ.1.3.2.1, AZ.1.3.2.Z,
relationships between problems by using and Simultaneous linear A2.2.2.1.1, AZ.2.2.1.2, AZ.Z.2.1.3, AZ.2.2.1.4
dependent and connecting numerical, equations.
CC.2.2.HS.0.8
independent variables. algebraic, and/or Apply inverse operations to solve equations or formulas for a given variable.
graphical MOS.B-E.3.1.1
M06.B-E.3.1.1 representations. MOS.B-E.3.1.Z Al.1.2.1.1, Al.1.Z.1.2, Al.1.2.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.1, AZ.1.3.1.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4,
AZ.l.3.2.1, AZ.1.3.2.2
M06.B-E.3.1.2 MOS.B-E.3.1.3

M07.B-E.2.1.1
MOS.B-E.3.1.4 CC.2.2.HS.0.9
M07.B-E.Z.Z.1 MOB.B-E.3.1.S Use reasooing to solve equations and justify the solution method.
M07.B-E.Z.2.2 Al.1.2.1.1
Al.l.1.4.1, Al.1.2.1.1, Al.1.2.1.Z, Al.1.2.1.3, Al.1.2.2.1, Al.1.2.2.2, Al.1.3.1.1, Al.1.3.l.2,
M07.B-E.Z.3.1
Al.l.2.2.1
Al.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.1, AZ.1.3.1.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4, AZ.1.3.2.1, AZ.1.3.2.Z
A1.1.1.4.1
Al.1.2.2.2 CC.Z.2.l!S.D.10
Represent, solve, and interpret equations/inequalities and systems of equations/inequalities
algebraically and graphically.
Al.l.Z.1.1, Al.1.2.1.2, Al.1.2.1,3, Al.1.2.2.1, Al.1.2.2.2, Al.1.3.1.1, Al.1.3.1.2, Al.l.3.1.3,
Al.1.3.2.1, Al.1.3.2.2, A2.1.3.1.1, AZ.l.3.1.2. A2.l.3.1.3. AZ.1.3.U

JPage13

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

Z.Z. Algebraic Concepts

The Standards ofMathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and Pxnress re£Ularitv in repeated reasoning,
Z.2.6 Grade 6 z.z.7 Grade 7 Z.2.S Grade 8 Z.Z.HS High School
Penm '1lvania's public schools shall teach, challen.ae, and sunnort ev~rv student to realize his or hermaximum Potential and to acm1ire the knowledae and skills needed to:
cc.2.2.s.c.1 CC.Z.2.HS.C.1
Define, evaluate, and Use the conceptand notation offunttionsto interpretand appiythem.in te:r.rns oftheir context.
compare functions. Al.2.1.1.1, Al.2.1.1.2, Al.2.1.1.3, Al.2.2.1.1, Al.2.2.1.2, Al.Z.2.1.3, Al.2.2.1.4, AZ.2.1.l.l,
AZ.2.1.1.2, AZ.2.1.1.3, A2.2.1.1.4, G.2.2.2.1, G.2.2.2.2, G.2.2.2.3, G.2.2.2.4, G.Z.2.2.5
MOS.B·F.1.1.1
MOS.JH.1.1.2 CC.2.2.HS.C.2
MOS.B·F.1.1.3 Graph and analyze functions and use their properties to make connections between the different
Al.1.2.1.1 representations.
Al.2.1.1.2 Al.2.1.1.1, Al.2.1.1.2, Al.2.1.1.3, Al.2.1.2.1, Al.2.1.2.2, Al.2.2.l.1, AZ.1.3.1.4, AZ.1.3.2.1,
Al.2.1.2.1 AZ.1.3.2.2, AZ.2.1.1.1, AZ.2.1.1.2, AZ.2.1.1.3, AZ.2.1.1.4
Al.2.1.2.2
·.:.::z.2".s:a·············· CC.Z.2.l!S.C.3
Use concepts offunctions Write functions or sequences that model relationships between two quantities.
to model relationships Al.1.Z.1.1, Al.l.Z.1.2, Al.1.2.1.3, Al.2.1.1.1, Al.2.1.1.2, Al.2.1.1.3, Al.2.1.2.1, Al.2.l.2.2,
betvveen quantities. Al.2.Z.1.3, Al.2.2.1.4, A2.1.3.1.1,A2.1.3.1.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4, AZ.1.3.2.1,AZ.1.3.2.2,
AZ.2.1.1.l, AZ.2.1.1.2, AZ.2.l.1.3, AZ.Z.1.1.4, A2.2.2.1.1,A2.2.2.1.2,A2.2.Z.1.3, AZ.2.2.1.4
MOS.B·F.2.1.1
MOS.B·F.2.1.2 cc.2.2.HS.C.4

,g"'=
Interpret the effects transformations have on functions and find the inverses of functions.
Al.1.2.1.3 "'=
0 Al.2.1.2.1, Al.2.1.2.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4, AZ.1.3.2.1, AZ.2.2.1.1, AZ.2.2.1.2, AZ.2.2.1.3,
A1.2.1.1.1 ::
u
Al.2.1.2.2 u AZ.2.Z.1.4, AZ.2.2.2.1
=; :! Intentionally Blank Intentionally Blank
Al.2.2.1.3 =
;:!

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G'
~
Al.2.2.1.4 "'
G'
~
CC.2.2.HS.C.5
Construct and compare linear, quadratic, and exponential models to solve problems.
Al.2.2.1.1, Al.2.Z.1.2, Al.2.2.1.3, Al.2.2.1.4, A2.1.3.l.l, A2.l.3.1.2, AZ.1.3.1.3, AZ.1.3.1.4,
AZ.2.1.1.1, AZ.2.1.1.2, AZ.2.1.1.3, AZ.2.1.1.4, AZ.2.2.l.l, AZ.Z.2.1.Z, AZ.2.2.1.3, AZ.2.2.1.4,
A2.2.2.2.l
CC.2.2.HS.C.6
Interpret functions in terms of the situations they modeL
Al.2.1.2.1, Al.2.2.1.2, Al.2.2.1.3, Al.2.2.2.1, AZ.1.3.1.3,AZ.Z.1.l.1, AZ.Z.1.1.2, AZ.2.1.1.3,
AZ.2.1.1.4, AZ.2.2.1.3, AZ.2.2.1.4, AZ.2.2.2.1
CC.2.2.HS.C.7
Apply radian measure of .an angle and the unit circle to analyze the trigonometric functions.

CC.2.2.HS.C.8
Choose trigonometric functions to model periodic phenomena and describe the properties of the
graphs.

CC.2.2.HS.C.9
Prove the Pythagorean identity and 1,1.Se it to calculate trigonometric ratios.
G.1.3.2.1 G.2.1.1.l, G.2.1.1.2

JPage14

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.3. Geometrv
The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
ConstructViable arguments and critique the reasoning ofothers. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use of structure. Look for and evnress re!!Ularitv in reneated reasoniniz.
Grade 6 Grade7 Grades High School
:Z.3.6 2.3.7 2.3.S :Z.3.HS
Penn.<vfvania's vublic schools shall teach, challen e, and sunnort evPrv student to realize his or her maximum votential and to acauire the knowledae and skills needed to:
CC.23.6.A.1 CC.23.7.A.1 CC.23.8.A.1 CC.23.l!S.A.1
Apply appropriate tools Solve real-world and Apply the concepts of Use geometric :figures and their properties to represent transformations in the plane.
to solve real~world and mathematical problems volume ofcylinders, cones, G.1.3.1.1, G.1.3.1.Z
mathematical problems involving angle and spheres to solve real­ CC.23.HS.A.2
involving area, surface measure, are:a,. swface world and mathematical Apply rigid transformations to determine and explain congruence.
area,. and volume. area, circumference, problems.. G.U.1.1, G.1.3.1.2
and volume. CC.2.3.HS.A.3
M06.C-G.l.l.1 M08.C-C.3.l.l Verify and apply geometric theorems as they relate to geometric figures.
M06.C-G.l.l.Z M07.C-G.2.l.1 G.2.3.1.2 G.1.2.1.1, G.1.2.1.2, G.1.2.1.3, G.1.2.1.4, G.1.2.1.5, G.1.3.2.1, G.2.2.1.1, G.2.2.1.2, G.2.2.2.1, G.2.2.2.2,
M06.C-G.l.l.3 M07.C-G.2.1.2 G.2.2.2.3, G.2.2.2.4, G.2.2.2.S
M06.C-G.1.:L.4 M07.C-G.2.2.l CC.23.HS-A.4
M06.C-G.l.i.5 M07.C-G.2.2.2 Apply the concept ofcongruence to create geometric constructions.
.MQ§,t;_-_G,~J.§_ ---­ --­ --­ CC.23.HS.A.5
---------------------·-·
CC.23.7.A.2 --------------------------·
CC.23.8.A.2 Create justifications based on transformations to establish similarity ofplane figures.
VlSUalize and represent Understand and apply G.13.1.1, G.1.3.1.2
geometric figures and congruence, similarity, and CC.23.HS.A.6
descn"bethe geometric transformations Verify and apply theorems involving similarity as they relate to plane figures.
,.,,_ relatiooships betWeen using various tools. ,., G.13.1.1, G.1.3.1.2, G.1.3.2.1

-
§
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them.

M07.C-G.l.l.l
M07.C-G.l.l.2
MOS.C-C.1.1.1
M08.C-G.l.l.2
MOS.C-G.1.13
-,_ CC.23.HS.A.7
":=0 Apply trigonometric ratios to solve problems involving right triangles.
G.2.1.l.l, G.2.1.1.2
CC.23.HS.A.8
"
s"' M07.C-G.l.l.3
M07.C-G.l.l.4
M08.C-G.l.l.4
G.J..2.1.1
"'"
~
~
Apply geometric theorems to veruy properties ofcircles.
G.1.1.1.1, G.1.1.1.2, G.1.1.1.3, G.1.1.1.4, G.1.3.2.1, G.2.2.3.l
G.1.2.1.4 CC.2.3.HS-A.9
G.2.2.1.1 Extend the concept ofsimilarity to determine arc lengths and areas ofsectors of circles.
-----------------------­ ----------------------­ "C;C:i:32.A:3"""""""""--­ -­ G.1.1.1.1, G.1.1.1.2, G.1.l.13, G.1.1.1.4, G.2.2.2.1, G.2.2.2.2, G.2.2.23, G.2.2.2.4, G.2.2.2.5, G.2.23.1
Understand and apply the CC.23.HS.A.10
Pythagorean Theorem to Translate bet;i..-veen the geometric description and the equation for a conic section.
solve problems. A22.1.l.4, AZ.2.2.1.l
CC.23.HS.A.11
MOS.C-G.2.1.1 Apply coordinate geometry to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
MOS.C-G.2.1.2 G.2.1.2.1, G.Z.1.2.2, G.2.1.2.3
MOS.C-G.2.1.3 CC.23.HS.A.12
Intentionally Blank Intentionally Blank Explain volume formulas and use th.em to solve problems.
G.2.1.1.1
G.2.1.Z.l G.2.3.1.1, G.2.3.1.Z, G.23.1.3
CC.23.llS.A.13
Analyze relationships between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects.
G.1.1.1.1, G.1.1.1.Z, G.1.1.1.3, G.l.1.1.4, G.1.2.1.1, G.1.2.1.2, G.1.2.1.3, G.1.2.1.4, G.1.2.1.5, G.2.3.2.1
CC.23.HS.A.14
Apply geometric concepts to model and solve real world problems.
G.2.2.4.1. G.23.1.l G.2.3.1.2. G.Z.3.1.3

jPage15

)anuazy 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards

Mathematics

2.4 Measurement, Data, and Probabilitv

The Standards of Mathematical Practices
Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
Construct viable ar~ments and critique the reasoning ofothers. Model with mathematics.
Use appropriate tools strategic:ally. Attend to precision.
Look for and make use ofstructure. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.

Grade 6 Grade7 Grade3 High School

2.4.6 2.4.7 2.4.3 2.4.HS
Pennsylvania's public schools shall teach, challenge, and support every student to realize his or her mt1Ximum potential and to acquire the /mow/edge and skills needed to:
CC.Z.4.6.B.1 CC.Z.4.7.B.1 CC.Z.4.8.B.1 CC.Z.4.HS.B.1
Demonstrate an Draw inferences about Analyze and/or interpret Summarize, represent, and interpret data on a single count or measurement variable.
understanding of populatioos based on bivariate data displayed in A122.1.2, Al.2.3.1.1, A12.32.1, Al.2.3.2.2, Al.2.3.2.3,
statistical va.'iability by rar.dom sampling multiple representations.
displaying, analyzing. and concepts. CC.Z.4.HS.B.2
summarizing MOS.D-S.1.1.l Summarize, represent, and interpret data on two categorical and quantitative variables.
distributions. M07.D-S.1.l.1 MOS.D·S.1.1.2 Al.2.1.l.l, Al2.1.1.2, A12.1.1.3, Al.2.1.2.1, Al.2.1.22, Al.2.2.2.1, A22.1.1.l, AZ.2.3.1.1,
M07.D-S.1.l.2 MOS.D·S.1.1.3 AZ.2.3.1.2
M06.D·S.l.l.l Al.Z.2.2.l CC.Z.4.HS.B.3
~
M06.D·S.l.l.2 c Analyze linear models to make interpretations based on the data.
:E
M06.D-S.l.l.3
M06.D-S.l.l.4 :a Al.2.2.2.l, A12.3.1.l, Al.2.3.2.1, Al.2.3.2.2, Al.2.3.2.3, A2.2.3.1.1, AZ.2.3.12

0
"
..0 ------------------------­ ·cc:z:¥.7-:s:z·----·-----­ - "i:Ci.4.8:62""" ----------­ " ..0
0 CC.Z.4.HS.B.4
"'
"',.
Draw informal Understand thatpatterns " Recognize and evaluate random processes underlying statistical experiments.
"d comparative inferences
about two populations.
ofassociation can be seen
in bivariate data utilizing
"',.
"d Al.2.3.3.1, A2.2.3.Z.1, A2.2.3.2.Z. A2.2.3.2.3
"i'.l Intent:ionally Blank
frequencies. "
:c: M07.D-S.2.1.1 ·c<.>"' CC.2.4.HS.B.S
Make inferences and justify conclusions based on sample surveys, experiments, and
:c:"'
~

g
MOS.D·S.1.2.1 ·c
g observational studies.
·cc:i:4.7:S:3------------­
e"' "'
~ ------------------------­ -------------------------­ Al.2.3.2.1, Al.2.3.2.2, Al2.3.2.3, A22.3.2.1, A2.2.3.2.2, A2.2.3.2.3
[mrestigate cbaoce §:
processes and develop,
CC.Z.4J!5.B.6
use, and evaluate Use the concepts ofindependence and conditional probability to interpret data.
probability models. AZ.2.3.2.1, A2.2.3.2.2, A2.2.3.2.3
Intentionally Blunk lntentiona.ny Blank
M07.D-S.3.1.l CC.Z.4.HS.B.7
M07.D-S.3.2.l Apply the rules of probability to compute probabilities ofcompound events in a uniform
M07.D-S.3.2.2 probability model.
M07.D-S.3.2.3 Al.2.3.3.1, A2.2.3.Z.1, A2.2.3.Z.Z, A2.2.3.2.3
Al.2.3.3.1

[Page.16

January 2013
 Pennsylvania Core Standards
Mathematics

Key Terms for this Document

Standards for Mathematical Content-These standards define what students should know and be able to do in their study of mathematics.

Standards for Mathematical Practice-These standards describe the processes and proficiencies in which all students grades K-12 should engage. Educators

must instill these standards of practice in their students so that they become habitual. The standards for mathematical practice should be used as the vehicle to
deliver the standards of mathematical content.

Standard Algorithm-A locally agreed upon method of computation which is conventionally taught for solving mathematical problems.

Decimal Fraction-A fraction whose denominator is a power of ten (examples: 2/100, 8/10). These fractions are commonly expressed as decimals.

Unit Fraction-A rational number written as a fraction where the numerator is one and the denominator is a positive integer (example: 1/20).

Bivariate Data-The data involves two variables and is usually represented as a scatter plot.

Rule-A single operation (examples: add 5, multiply by 2) ..

IP age 17

January 2013