INTRODUCTION

Dr. Khor Chu Yee

B.Eng(Hons), M.Sc, Ph.D, PDF,
Grad.IEM, AAE, P.Tech.

Office: S4-L2-64-30, UniCITI, UniMAP

Email: [email protected]
[email protected]
H/P: 019-5637283
FYP PLANNING AND MILESTONES
Week Activities Milestones
1 Title preparation
2 Choosing the title
3 Writing Introduction Complete introduction
4 Writing literature review -
5 Writing literature review Complete Literature Review
6 Methodology -
7 Methodology -
8 Methodology Complete Methodology
Submit 1st draft FYP1 Report to supervisor Submission of 1st draft FYP
9 Turn It In Checking and Correction report with complete format
Preparation of Complete Proposal to
10 examiners for evaluation -
Submission of Final FYP (3
11 Submit FYP report to 2 panels and SV hard copies – 2 for panels and
1 for SV)
12 Prepare for viva -
2
13 Viva presentation -
14 Submission of Log Book to the Coordinator Complete FYP 1
WHY DOING A FINAL YEAR PROJECT?

Apply your
knowledge
Requirement
Solve the
of
problem
graduation

Approach to
research FYP Life-long
Learning

3
FINAL YEAR PROJECT
REPORT/THESIS/DISSERTATION
(4)
Methodology (5) Results
(3) Literature
and
Review
Discussion

(2)
(6) Conclusion
Introduction

Report/
(7)
(1) Abstract Thesis/ References
Dissertation.
4
WHAT DOES A DISSERTATION LOOK LIKE?
 Title Page
 Table of Contents
 List of Tables (if any)
 List of Abbreviations (if any), alphabetically ordered.
 Chapter 1: Introduction
 Chapter 2: Literature Review
 Chapter 3: Methodology
 Chapter 4: Results and Discussion
 Chapter 5: Conclusions and recommendations
 Bibliography / References
(a list of all the books, journal articles, web sites, newspapers
and other sources that you have used in your dissertation)
 Appendices 5
(e.g. questionnaires, interview transcrits, pilot reports,
detailed tables etc.)
SHAPE OF RESEARCH THESIS
Abstract

Introduction and
literature review

Materials and
Method (What you
did/use)

Results (What you

found/saw)

Discussion and 6
conclusion
TITLE
 Research proposal titles speak the nature of
the thesis and the subject that as been
handled.
 The title should give the reader a
succinct/condensed indication of what the
research is about.
 include the reference to the field of research
and indication of what the research question
is. 7
TITLE
Example 1:
Simulation based optimization of plastic injection
molding parameter for artificial finger bone
fabrication using the response surface methodology
 Research aim: optimization of plastic injection
molding parameter
 Subject/Topic: artificial finger bone

 Method used in research: simulation technique

and response surface methodology
8
 Research field: plastic injection molding
TITLE
Example 2:
Experimental investigation of injection molding
parameters using Polycarbonate Resin through the
Taguchi method
 Research aim: investigation of injection molding
parameters
 Subject: Polycarbonate Resin

 Method used in research: experimental technique

and Taguchi method
9
 Research field: injection molding
TITLE
Example 3:
Design Optimization of Cyclone Gasifier: Finite
Element method
 Research aim: Design Optimization

 Subject: Cyclone Gasifier

 Method used in research: Finite element

method
 Research field: Gasifier

10
SHAPE OF RESEARCH THESIS
Abstract

Introduction and
literature review

Materials and
Method (What you
did/use)

Results (What you

found/saw)

Discussion and 11
conclusion
CHAPTER 1-INTRODUCTION
 The introduction is the part of the
thesis/paper that provides readers with the
background information for the research
reported in the thesis/paper .
 Its purpose is to establish a framework for
the research, so that readers can understand
how it is related to other research.

(Wilkinson, 1991) 12
CONTENT OF CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research background
1.2 Problem Statement
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope of study

13
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
1) Establish the importance of your field
2) Provide background facts/information
3) Define the terminology in the title/key
words
4) Previous and /or current research or
contribution

14
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
1) Establish the importance of your field
Example:
There are billions tons of biomass is produced every year from
agricultural activities in globally. The rapid increase in amounts
and types of the agricultural waste would exacerbate the
pollution by emitting the pollutants such as carbon dioxide,
methane, leachate and soil contamination. The waste
agricultural biomass likes residual stalks, leaves, straw, roots,
husk nut or seed shells, wood and animal waste would cause
the pollution problems to the environment if managed with
improper ways like open burning.
15
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
2) Provide background facts/information
Example:
Facts/information:
However, by the technologies today, these wastes can be
converted into material resources and renewable energy
sources which can reduce greenhouse gases with almost zero
carbon dioxide emission and replace fossil fuels.

16
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
3) Define the terminology in the title/key words
Example:
Terminology/Key words:
Gasification is the conversion of biomass into volatiles,
combustion gas, char, ash through complete thermal
breakdown in a gasifier (Boerrigter et al., 2005). Biomass
gasification can be used for generate heat and power for the
fuels production with greater energy than biomass (Veringa,
2009).

17
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
4) Previous and /or current research or contribution
Example:
Previous research:
Syngas produced by entrained flow bed gasifier is low in CH4
content and free of tar (Henrich et al., 2015). Cyclone gasifier
is one of the entrained-flow bed gasifier that gasify biomass
efficiently in small scale applications. Compared to other
gasifiers, cyclone gasifier reduced the cost of operating on
cleaning up the gas produced without the installation of
addition of cyclone separator in small scale cogeneration
plants.
18
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) Present the problem area/current
research focus
2) Locate gap in the research
3) Describe the problem you will address

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1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1) Present the problem area/current research focus
Example:
Problem area:
The agricultural residues would threat the environment and
bring the pollutions issues if didn’t treat well as the
population of people is increasing and developed rapidly.

Research focus:
The agricultural waste is high in value when converted into
the renewable energy sources. Therefore, cyclone gasifier, a
high conversion gasification reactor is studied. 20
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
2) Locate gap in the research
Example:
Research gap:
Efficiency included output energy conversion and
performance of the cyclone gasifier is depending on its
design. The understanding of the cyclone gasifier system and
its characteristics are very important to develop the design
and also optimizes the effectiveness of the energy conversion
in cyclone gasifier.

21
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
3) Describe the problem you will address
Example:
However, the applications of the cyclone gasification systems
need a high initial cost that unworthy to be installed. Hence,
a research on the stability and applicability modification is
carried out to achieve a better performance cyclone gasifier
and meet the satisfaction of the market.

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1.3 OBJECTIVES
 Theresearch objectives should provide a
specific and accurate synopsis of the
overall purpose of the study
 If the purpose is not clear to the writer, it
cannot be clear to the reader.
 The aim or goal of your research
 The objective will reflect the solution from
the problem statement.
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1.3 OBJECTIVES
 Use result oriented wording, e.g.:
 To characterize….
 To design….
 To assess….
 To model, optimize…
 To validate….
 To survey….
 To analyze….
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1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
 The significance of the study should reflect on the
extent/level of the contribution made by the study to
improve our understanding, to change a concept or to
promote a new hypothesis in a particular field of
research.
 It describes what contribution your study will make to
the broad literature or set of broad educational problems
upon completion.
 In this activity, you will draft your significance of the
Study by determining what you hope will benefit others
and/or how readers will benefit or learn from your study. 25
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
 The significance of the study could be simply
reflected by the following questions:
 Why and how the study is important?
 For whom the study is important?
 What do you hope others will learn from your
study?
 Who benefits?
 What significant scientific contribution is my
study making to my field of research?
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 Why should my study be published?
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The Significance of the study generally opens with the words:
Example:
 Study in this subject and specifically in this area is still
essential…
 This research is in significance of…

 The research study could provide information on the issues

of…
 The contributions of this study would be of interest to
scholars in…

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1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY
 Scope of study covers the upper and lower
limits of the area you have studied.
 The Scope covers what ,how , when and where
the study was done.
 What data's were taken as inputs, what criteria
were used for comparing the data, what was the
outcome of the comparison etc.

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1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY
In this section you will tell the reader what to be included and
excluded from your study.
 Example:
Main focus:
In this study, the physical design of the cyclone gasifier will be
carried out. The mechanical aspects such as stress,
displacement and strain will be evaluated in various types of
the gasifier…..(elaborate in detail)
Scope that excluded from the study:
The fabrication of cyclone gasifier is expansive and the
experimental studies are time consuming, thus both
fabrication and experimental analysis will be excluded in the
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study.
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