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Working With Exceptions Slides

The document discusses different aspects of exception handling in Java including catch block rules, multi-catch blocks, finally blocks, try-with-resources blocks, rethrowing and chaining exceptions, and throws clauses.

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Nguyễn Đình Dũng
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51 views41 pages

Working With Exceptions Slides

The document discusses different aspects of exception handling in Java including catch block rules, multi-catch blocks, finally blocks, try-with-resources blocks, rethrowing and chaining exceptions, and throws clauses.

Uploaded by

Nguyễn Đình Dũng
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Working with Exceptions

Esteban Herrera
JAVA ARCHITECT

@eh3rrera http://eherrera.net
Catch block rules
Overview Multi-catch block
Finally block
Try-with-resources block
Rethrowing and chaining exceptions
Throws clause
Catch Block Rules
Demo

Catch block rules


Run-time exception classes are exempted
[from compile-time checking] because, in the
judgment of the designers of the Java
programming language, having to declare such
exceptions would not aid significantly in
establishing the correctness of programs.
The Java® Language Specification 11.2

http://bit.ly/jls11-2
Three Important Rules

Catch exceptions only once.


Subclasses must be caught before their
superclasses.
Don’t catch checked exceptions that
couldn't be thrown.
try {

// Empty try block

} catch(Exception e) {  No compilation error

// ...

}
The Multi-catch Block
try {

// ...

} catch (IOException e) {

log.error(e);

} catch (SQLException e) {

log.error(e);

} catch (ClassCastException e) {

log.error(e);

Before Java 7…
try {

// ...

} catch (IOException | SQLException | ClassCastException e) {

log.error(e);

After Java 7…
try {

// Code that can throw ExceptionOne, ExceptionTwo, ExceptionThree

} catch (ExceptionOne | ExceptionTwo | ExceptionThree e) {

// Do something with the caught exception using reference e

Multi-catch
Demo

Multi-catch block
Three Important Rules

Exceptions are separated by a pipe and


there's only one reference.
Use exceptions not related through
inheritance.
The reference is final.
The Finally Block
try {

// Code that may throw an exception

} catch(Exception e) {

// Do something with the exception

} finally {

// Block that is always executed

Finally Block
try {

// Code that may throw an exception

} finally {

// Block that is always executed

Finally Block
try {

// ...

System.exit(0);  This will terminate the program


abnormally
} catch(Exception e) {

// ...

} finally {
 Without executing the finally
// ... block
}
Demo

Finally block
If the finally block completes abruptly
for reason S, then the try statement
completes abruptly for reason S (and
reason R is discarded).
The Java® Language Specification 14.20.2

http://bit.ly/jls14-20-2
Three Important Rules

Finally is always executed.


Finally can hide exceptions.
Returned values from finally.
The Try-With-Resources Block
try (AutoCloseableResource r = new AutoCloseableResource()) {

// Code that may throw an exception

} catch(Exception e) {

// Do something with the exception

} finally {

// Block that is always executed

Try-with-resources Block
try (AutoCloseableResource r = new AutoCloseableResource()) {

// Code that may throw an exception

} catch(Exception e) {

// Do something with the exception

Try-with-resources Block
try (AutoCloseableResource r = new AutoCloseableResource()) {

// Code that may throw an exception

Try-with-resources Block
try (AutoCloseableResource r = new AutoCloseableResource();

AutoCloseableResource r2 = new AutoCloseableResource()) {

// Code that may throw an exception

Try-with-resources Block
Interfaces to Implement by Resources

java.lang.AutoCloseable
java.io.Closeable

http://bit.ly/autocloseabledoc
http://bit.ly/closeabledoc
void close() throws IOException;

java.io.Closeable
void close() throws Exception;

java.lang.AutoCloseable
Demo

Try-with-resources block
Three Important Rules

Implement either java.lang.AutoCloseable


or java.io.Closeable.
Initialized from left to right but closed in
reverse order.
Suppressed exceptions.
Rethrowing and Chaining Exceptions
try {
// ...
} catch(Exception e) {
log.error(e);
}
try {
// ...
} catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
// ...
} catch(Exception e) {
return null;
}
Handling a Caught Exception

Handle the exception locally


Propagate the exception by:
- Rethrowing the exception
- Chaining the exception
Demo

Rethrowing and chaining exceptions


The Throws Clause
void method() throws ExceptionOne, ExceptionTwo, ExceptionThree
{

// Code that could throw ExceptionOne, ExceptionTwo,

// and ExceptionThree

Throws Clause
Demo

Throws clause
Three Important Rules

Handled or declared.
Mix subclasses and superclasses.
Only throw the specified checked
exceptions when overriding.
Catch block rules
Summary Multi-catch block
Finally block
Try-with-resources block
Rethrowing and chaining exceptions
Throws clause

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