Solution Manual ta Enginesring Hydrology, Third Edition by Or K. Subramsnya LL a= I day x Ix 2 = 80 x = (2S) x 200» 1a Chad 10 R680 = 87,87 ons 120 Peciod = t= 1 year " Input vohume = 14 10° E2100 = 168 Mi! Runoff = Crtput volume = (2 3)4( 3x 6)-44 5x 3)= 19 mis manth = 3 (BAIT 2h 2 eB) 100227 Ti) Runot coeffiient = 102 492/168.0= 061 Abstraction = 168.0 - 112.492-= 05.508 Men! 5} Due io afforestation, Runoff = 0.5 164 = 840 Mn Absimction= 168.0— 4.0 B4.0 Mim" Increase in abstraction = 84.0 ~ 65,058 = 18492 Mm” 13) Beriod = Ate T month = 30 days Inputwolame = PA+ LAr ‘Ouiput volume = Gar + (Gh4 B+ PIA Pay lar - [Garvie Be Ty )= change in storage = dy 15x10" | + Tan ag 2A Mi ‘Total iapen volume = 17.5488 Mm” LBs. i =- 0.0081 vim (G4 Ee ThA a(289 8.5 44 01 = Lt Mins" ase 554 03g BS i Gn = [PA + Fae] - AS ~ 0 B+ TIA = 17 5398000 103 1 180 = 16.087 Mi Coonsteeg rate of withdrawal = @ 140 I-Garen as ~ 8, Tas = (4.203 600i = 153,360 mt Gai = 1G eA Eel OO 11.48 Sy S= 38,880 m! Sym 15-5'ha m= 155K on “Copyngmed Materia” —rdoconal resource mavenat supplied wim the nook Engineering Hydrology, Thied Eaton wetten by Or. K, Subramanya & published by MoGrameHil Education (Inia Pri. Lid. This mesaurce matosial is for Iestucto’s usa ori.”(i) P24 124 = annul average precipitation a 007 1030) + 2.02890) 8.2960) (170: - (U07+30+82 +170) ii) Annual average evaporation E= EAE. IEA, (107 5M) +3.0.438) 4 (8.2 48) 4 117.0600) e (07+ 301824170) 324mm (Gi) Runof cettciens of sut-areas a [Area Runofcoeickeal 1030 - S30y050 = 0285 30. 23 From Table 11 (Textbook) i) Atmospheric moisture «= 12,900 (458,000 119,000) = 0.022 1035%,0000220 (it) Global groundwater « x 1,338, 000,000/47,000 = 28468 years Uli) Global ocean water = 22545, P= 13.43 and C, = 17.286 Cy _(r7.2tey 2) 50) Ay Bie mown, 137/132, 92 , 68, 102 =p Lis 1a" 70" 115 For the given data, FomEa2a) v=[ 1198. say 12 rom Bq.(2.8) 2.86em ‘A double mass cuve plotof 3P 1s 2Pay i prepared (Fig. P -2.3).Thecaleulatons ae shown in Table p-2.3.Icis see from Fig. P-23 tat thee isa shange i regime jn the year 1985. The cerection ratio isthe rato of the two shpes = MUM, = (09406/1.1796 = 0.805. The adjusted values of sation A are shown in Col. 6 oF Table p23, Table p23 _Dauble Mass Curve a a 7 ‘Adjusted | Finalsed oar [Pa ]2Pm JP |3P [atest] eetbost 2 1955 regime) iee5] veer [ air | 150 [5 i ees] vat [ar | 97 [0 0 Toss [a5 — 71s | —40.| ron 1 Tee | ter are [a2 | ot TE 1980] 118 | oes Hs: ese] — ve] sen | 92 [217 He [198s | ree [sare | 4s [6 “55 1967 | —tee| te Tes | Tee ees] tee [—t7ie | at | a wees] ar] area | a [or 11. 16 eso] vee | —2st6 [96 [997 [158 i eso | —ver| esse Tue | eri] 158 15 tea] var] —o7ee [tea [ana [10 1‘cumulative s rear] 1s [077 | —tee| sats 18 6 Fig.p23 Posen 23 24 (Cols {for values befor 1955| = (Values of Cel. 4)x 0.805 (o.7 = Finalized values of P forall yeas corresponding tthe curent (post 1955) regime, The values have been eounded of wlte nearest em The mean annual precipitation of station A =3165/22 = 143.9 em, Table p24 [Gumaatve | Faitat Time |ncrememat_| nat | ktonsy enn | sopmtem) [tem —__| fmm) 7 0m a | i as | 950 co | as sor | 450 Intensity {emih) Fig.p-2.4(a) __Hyetograph of Storm 140 120 109 3% 80 90 «120 150 180 210 Teno (min) Fig. p24) Mass cure of rina Timon “Total depth of eanfall= 1.25 em Duraion of Storm = 210 min ‘Average inensity = 19.25 60/210 = §.Semfaa@, 10 ou ge SE Me. +1000 998981 26 Average minal Incipient drought condition ~ 784 of Novmal infal = 0.75 » $46.7 = 410.0. mu. ‘Years 1964, 1971, 1972, 1976 and 1980 Were cought yeas Hay ACAD dL Fig. p26 Ralatatl t Station A +15), 2 raskiqon lll 4249), 046) ar Pa Lyon 412624) + 9.246, oo" § 7 eee 3) gs. G2), 2075829) as 8205, = TALem 24 Thecatclemcat indeawn io scale(Pig.P-2.8) and using the given data ohyctal of value 130,116 90 and 70 cm are dean and interisohyetal area determined [95 180) + (36> 140) (25 13D) (21100) (980) (9543542542149) Fig. P- 2.8 Catchment with Iohyetals 29(a) (Computation in Table -2.9()) Schomtie Thiessn polygons ard icohystal are shown in Fig P-2.6)and(h) respectivelyi i | e aL i ian ti “fit Lith co Fig. P-2.9(b) tsohyetals, eer mmmaen Tate p29) =| ae iat | peitin | Pas peeve Ma | as ea ‘Table p-2.9(: 290, WS. mes [a [ow ao ae “34 [9.233 pe Stet fees oe o isa+tas osenizs6a7 a tee Tame 5 Sai TPA 2.10 . p= AS oisiiss2 = 1060 ‘Staion |_—P [XY [p90 [PW Set soar sow Pee ot a $a tas tat tet220] 00 | 332] Sum: Tor) 87.05) P.=3PW/EW Starting fom the siorm eenat epi is caleulated by dividing, the outer ischyetal. The average area me area between two saceessveIsonyets Is riled by the sverage value of the beunding isohyets to get incremental volume of rinfall. The calculations are stow in Table p-2.11. The average the secumulsled volume by he ea enclosed by dep is ploted agaist the rea in Fg. P21 Tablep-211 Area ~ Average depth data Total Net incre- | Total _ | Average Aven Average Asotyetal| APS" | incre. | AY™*8° | mental | volume of | depth of oom) | HEE mental UN | volume | rain ‘area 090° | 400m’) ‘m) iL Tiss | 167: 30 165 RIS 3. rs3sts | s14730 is | 98: 9597.5 | S100 it [985 71750_|S8175.5 16 | 3280, 53625_| 635380 is | 3535, 39525 | 600s [710 25x75 | 700080 13 [3880 | 170 22950_|72393.0 | 3915_| 35, 751 = This values assumed: i) By inbepolation in Fz, P21 the average depth of precpiation fr an area of 2400 ks 20.1 mm. Depth - Area curve B 8 z i = = g ‘rea (en?) Fig.P-211 Area Average Depth Relationship i) By assuming the storm exnte to have an area oF 25 kn the depth atthe ‘orm cere is 220mm,212 able p2.12a) stows the caleulabons for constucting the nyetograph of the Table p-212) ‘Time | Accumulated | incremental | Tniensity nin) | rainfall nm) | amount of «mmf infal (mem) 7 a 10. 19 i Ti 20 aL 2 12. 3 a 7 aD 0 68 20 13 30 oT zs EY o ae 33 15 70 152 2s 168 0 160 s a 0 166 6 36 ‘The hyetographis shown in Fig.p 2.123) Twinn) ig, P -2.12(a) Hyetograph ofthe Storm 212(b)Variows damtions At = 10, 20,30, 4D, $0, #0, 70, 80 and 90 minutes aw chosen For each durations the depth of rainfall in te storm at tis interval is eteulated, (Table p2.12(63)).Foreach duration the maximum value is noted (show by Bold 2.12{04)|. Ue plat of Maximum antes sa/mh vs Duaion a munutes 1s shown in Fig. P2120), Table p-2.1%(b-1) — Calealation of Maximum Depth nfl depth im) for varus Gara Tine sig Sot ato] wee | aay | ata | ate | aso [aro [aan | a0 oe 20 eae 07 [| ofa es ae 1 os as oe i (a i To 8 et jor | | wa [6 ge fam [ie [at | a ae eae fos os eis Der | Table p-2.12 (bail) _ Maximum Intensity - Duration Data uation na) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | so | eo | 70 | 20 | oo Wax Dee [as [at | en | se | 112 | 190 | a2 | ven | 108 Mia ers [ 93.0 | ea [168.0 | 1660 [roe [9.0 | 1208 |ra00 [nor2.18 Varions dations At Max. testy «Duration, Max. tenet (mmo aration mind Fig. P-2.12(b) Max. Intensity ~ Duration carve ofthe Storm 10, 20, 30, 40.5. 60, 79.80 and $0 minstes ae chowen For each dirations the depth of nfl i the storm at this interval is ealeulated. (Fig, P 2.134) For each dation the maximum value is noted (shown by Bold {ype) and assembed In Table 213) to provide daa for maalinum depth ~ duration curve. The maxinum depth ~ duration curve is shown it Fig. P-2.13. Table p23) See [auto | anzo |asea0 | anso aso |anso | an70 10[ 8 7s wo [8 [1 | a so [ae [ae at fe) ae [oo [8 [a5 [a0 | ao [ar | as sw Pao fas Das wpa |e eyes pe pe ey otatrtleles>s|e,e| =) er] ‘Table p-2.13 (i) Maximum Dephh~Duation Da Durzionimed | 10 | 20 | 20 | 40 | 51 | 60 | 70 | a0 | 2 Wax Depth ; x Dent Lae | 25 | a [0 | a7 | 55 | oo |e | «7 ua oop-duraton cae amt ne Fig, P-213 Maximum Depth ~ Duration Curve 2:4 Caleuaions ae shown in Table p24, Ral ints seated or for the ston at 10min, icervals and the hyetograph is shown in Fig. P-2.14 Table p-2.14.0)fea Pact) way po nae roe Zz ie a 2.7 BF eo9e32 pilin” [st [a [a [ie [ete [eta [a [sta [| om Efe o] 0 3 to | 21 | ar 128 ES 6 wo | 145 | 02 | 124 | 145 492 gz 90 | ie [es] ar sel» = ips 80 | 279 | 09 | 134 | 216 | 268 | 279 54 a2 | 33 | 51] 6 | 185 | 267 | 909 | 33 305 all: efaee [is [22] 8h] 22/23] a SE Jone] | a a ae Fie. P-2141) arian of sium Depth ith Dart a of Ma Inert wa rt 217 ipo tte start ene aera tommacesiacdaTabe p18 ovmun cepa corey eo dons pt fa Be Fp aieps 214) ned take pt, Conc to doe a a as ‘maximum intensity is calculsted. The varistions cf the Maximum intessity with m_ | Raina m aca | Teast Banton Main eh ih Dacor son nF 1) Jem “e100 | 1.53” | n 35) igo [1.24 13 [66:20 | 200 PZ 15shows ho placof Tinlopatinmie sale andP on extapolation of the curve T= 152.50 ¢m and Tiq= 13.2a 160 140 120 100 . ttt 20 Faiafall (am) 1 10 100 T (Yours) Fig, P-2.1 Frequency of Rainfall magnitude 15 The daa are avtanged in descendieg onder ad the recurrence intervals of various events are calculated in Tablep-2-16, The exceedance probability p= 1/T (in percents alsoealulaed for cic even ‘Table p-2.16 Esceeaanse Brceedance im | Pasta Tey | pobabiyin | proba n (en) Wear” | peeant po Pesent Fraetyp00 Freer toa 2 [151057 5212 | 0 sae [te [700 [1429 | 13 | 00 61.90 S| 102920 zasi | 15 | 64 8 [101880 a oe 75 17 |e | 12. | ans | as 288 moe [ve [sar | as io [2 |B wig [20 [65 | tae | 520 © Pin the arithmetic sale and the recurrence interval 118.0 em and (bya Fig. P-2.16 isa plot of Rain ‘Tn logattimic Scale. From this plot (a) at T= 15 years, Ps P10 em. T= 35 years [By bservation of the probity pin the able, itseen that ‘Atp= 6667% Rainfall=88 em 1 10 100 T (Years) Fig. P-2.16 Frequency of Rainfall 2.17 The clelatiors are shown in Table 2.17 ‘Table p-2.17 _ Caleulation cf 3-year Moving Mean Soar Syn ‘annual | Meng Annus | Moning ans | Mean Pane | Masn yew [ten lfc)” [year lem" | ten 135 1190 soma | eee] 7a i952 [760 | e539 | 1955 | 907 | 9.0 1969 |o75_[e54_| raps | one | es teee[~g27 [exe | taer | ma] ag tess_[7ia [ena | tase | ene [ot ie57_|a51| | 1970 | 910 | ote “ts8 [tee | oa | sar | 1088 | 109.0 1900 [e190 | ets | 1979 ig61_[a45_[e73_| 1974 1se2 | ass | eo Fig. P-2.17 isa plov of above 3-year and 5-year moving means. Tere appears we be 90 specific recognizable vend. Syear moving mean srcothenihe data much ore than the 3-vear-movingmean218 219 20 1200 1000 195019551960 186518701975 Year Fig. P-217 3-year & S-year Moving Means co p=Uso=002 w= 2H c09098)< 016 » n= 1O,r= ‘0 Ps FO o pi= ttl -0.02)" = 0.188 p=001 1a) pow = 1-001)" = 0.608 ‘b) peooL ‘The events equaled (oor exereded 1 timesin 109 years of record Hence T'=(109+ v1] =10 years, fa) x2 120 em Ib) x2 140em x . 2 oor gqoonasySolution Manual to Engineering Hydrology, Third Editian by Dr. K. Subramanya (c).r<60.em, 67] = 0.0845a 34 Chapter - 3 At 30" the latent heat of vaporization 50] — 2.37 T= 2503 — (2.37 x 30) density of water at 30’ (from Tables) = evaporation rate =R feb, = __ 1.2305 107 ls ‘596 s (2430 » 1000) = 1.2595 x 107 = 1000 x B44 manaiday = 10.7 muma/day 2430 kivkg 906 kgf By water halance for the pan Pan evaporation = 195.445 — 15 - 1906 35mm ‘Lake evaporation = 0.7 x 35.= 24.5 mm Area = 50 ken? = 503 10! mm? Before reservoir: Normal runoff = (120/100) x0.4 x30 x10!" = 24 Mm After reservoir; Input im to the reservoir = 1.20 50 = 60 Mm! Loss from the reservoir «= O7 x 2.4% 50= 84 Mm" Net annual supply =- 24 Mm’ (decrease) Net overall change per year = 24 —(-24) = 48 Mm’ less water % Meyer's formula: £, = Ke, —e. y+) Take A.=0.5 ind obtain e, from Table 3.3 ( of Text book), ex=ew Ry where Rais celative humidity, Also 1, =a a = 1.2396. Thus, By = 0501 Byte 61-472) sand the oaleulations are shown tn Table p-3t Table p-3.4 ] Manthiy Month | No. of Evaporation mm) gan_| at 331 Feb | 26 a7 114.0 3 = at 20 31 3a 30: 3 30Loe | a | in7e | ova | ao] aoe 2.08 | a5 Total = 2008.7 an monthly evaporation = 2098,7/12 = 174.9 mm/month 3.5(a) By Penman’s formult: From Table 3.3 (of Text Book) A = 2.18, ry = 38.75 mm of Hg From Table 3.4 (of Text Book) H, = 16.36 mm of waterlday ‘From Table 3.5 fof Text Book) N= 13. 94 hrs, w/V = 0.646. From given data: ¢, = 38.75 x 0.52 = 20.15 mm of He 0.29 ens 28°. $2;4=2.01 x10" mavday 273 +33. 08 and oT, 3 qt, : Using By. 3.5) Ai, 141 ~ 0.090.256 + 0.52 0.646) — YP.7ARS0.56— 0.09230 TS) (0.10 0.9 «0646 7.39 mm of water per day From Eq. (3.15) £, = 0351's 2224 Prom Eq. (3.13) 7 =0.49 (3873 — 20.15) = 16.275 (2.18 7.3914 (16,275 0.49) "ET = lake evaporation = STE 9.02 mrnday Evaporation in June = 9,02 x 30 = 270.6 mm =27.1 em 3.(b) By Thormthwaite equation [Eq. 3.171 From Table 48 fof Text Book) La = 1.168; ‘By Daa T=33.5'C Heat Index # [Heat index t | Heat Index .004 f= 18.897 | ay 13.732 17a 614 15.535 14.316 feeEi, = 131069 a= 1.51986 - 1.3245 + 2.34876 40,49239 = 3.036, 36 Inflow 10.» 601 x 60 524 x 30 ‘Oat flaw 15. 60 x 60 x 24 x 30. Rainfall volume = (LOFOO) 3 20 9 C1000 Seepage E,8/100) 2 20% (100) ‘Change in volume =(25.92 + 2.00 - 38.88 -:Actual change =~ 16.00 Mm* Hence evaporation = 16.00 11,42 = 4.68 Mm! = 458 = 210" 100 =234em a7 = [TF 3 | 49.2 | Bs 48.6 | 8.76 48.1 [8.26 47.6 [831 [1 Total | 16,7581 Take K = 110. By Blaney —Criddic formula (Eg. 3.16) Er 2.54x 110 16.7541 = 46.81 em 38 Thornthwaite formula (Eq3.17} Tr | by | Erfem) 22.5 [099 | 8.02 245 [091 [5.63 27.0 [1.03 [14.80 28.0 | 1,035 | 16.68 27.0 [1.09 107 240 | 1,075 | 10.67 240 [1.02 | 10.12 245 | 1.015 | 10.75 230 [0.96 [8.33 225 [0.98 [7.94 Jesu, = 134.37 a= 1,6376 - [39206 + 2.4079 + 0.49239 = 3.1458 (This value is used bn Eg. 37 to catleulate Ey in Col. Sof the above Tabled SEy>= 134.88 cm = Annual PET‘Solution Manual ta Engineering Hydrology, Third Edition by Dr. K. Subramanya Mean monthly PET = 134.88/12 = 11.25 em 39 Here E, = 6.0 mm and MASW = 120 mm (L-p) MASW = (1-0.2)x120 = 96.0 and B, = 0.65 6. Day | AASW = 120 mm>(1-p) MASW ‘Hence potential condition exists and E, = Ee = 3.9 mméday ‘This rate will continue til] a depletion of (1 20-96} = 24 mm takes place in the soil. This will take 24/3.9 = 6.13 days. Thus on Day? the actual evapo- ianspiration E, = E, = 3.9 mm and Day 7 also will have E,=3.9 mmvday. Day &: At the beginning of Day 8, AASW= Since ASW 100.0953 1.00 1s0 080-898 1.25 1.20 0.20 “1M 350 13010 -2.anae 18 1800.00 200 180 0.80 Values of Lavjp-jc) are plotied against time on an arithmetic graph paper (Fig.P- 310).Horton's Equation - Prob.3.10 0.00 oso 1.00 130 200 Time t th) Fig. P-3.10° Derivation of Horton’s equation ‘The best fit straight line through the plotted points cnuld be expressed as Dilfy — f= -3.1 r+ 2.86 ‘Thus Kq= 3.1 hand Laff, — j-) = 23486 giving (fp — f.) Binge f,« 1.0 cov, f= 11.48 onvh Hence f, =1.0+ 10.45.67 = 10.4495, all esa) 2.sa) an 707 ta44| 16,23 | 2.7B6B8 wa| 14.19 | 2.gp25a7 tes2| 13,11 | 2.573878 758) 4.85 | 1470176 ees | 345 | 1 2aaa7a a9 | oda | -o.7gs97100 | 12.94 or | 3.2 B67 Jf fol vs time ¢ in hours is plotted as shown in Fig. P 3.11, The equation best fit line is obtained as Jnifi-j.)= 4.1235 1+ 3.6393. Thus Ky = 4.1235 h” and Linffee —fe) = 3.6393 giving (fo—f-) = 38.065 emMh. we f= Fler, Jo= 41278 cen. Horton's Equation « Prob.3.11 y= -812« = 3.6993 | Ln (fp - fe} 000 6020 od) 080 oo 1.20 Time t (h) ‘Fig. P+ 3.11 Development of Horton's Equation 3.11 Incremental infiltration depth values and corresponding infiltration intensities f, at ‘various data observation times are calculimed as shown in the following Table p-3.12, ‘Also, various parameters needed for plotting different infiltration models are also calculated as shown in Table 4. The units used are fin er/h, F, in cm and tin hours, ‘Tabte p-3.12 Computations for Problem 3.12 1 2 a 4 s 6 7 s | 9 =o tine [en fe [rewmevt|s [lew lap, [ee trim | fue | np | EEN Ta [UATE] | Oe | A 0) e000 | 5 |0.0a3| 1.00 1] 12] 000] -24a5| 1.000 | sea0.566 | 2445 0400 | 2.000 oa | 1.732 Ome | tata 0.158 | 1.225 0.182 | 1.000 o.asi | 0.707 0.078 | 0.8632 ‘Kostiakov’s Equation: #,(¢)= ar Eq3.25) ‘Taking logarithms of both sides of the equation (3.25) Ini Fy) = dt a + 6 Eo ‘The data set is plotted as Jo(F,) 6 Inf) on an arithmetic graph paper (Fig.P3.12- L.dand the best fit straight line through the plotted is obtained as Inf) 1.97 4 0.7593 kt), The cocfficiems of Kostiakov equation are b = 0.7393 and Lna= 1.907 and hence a = 6.733. Best fitting Kostiakov equation for the data is 3 ettiskov's Equation Prob.a.12 300 — 250 \——J 200 50 5 Y= 0.799% + 1.907| 0.50 RP= 0.998 0.00 30 20 AO 00 1.0 20 Ln th) Fig. 2.12-1 Kostiakoy Equation Green —Ampt Equation: jf, =m+—- amValues of f, (col, 3) are plotted against 1/ F, (col. 8) on an arithmetic graph paper (Fig.P-3.11-2), The best fit straight line through the plotted paints is obtained as R= 9.0239 (1) +3.8375 4 The coefficients of the Green — Ampt equations are m = 3.8357 and n= 9.0239 Green-Ampt Equation - Prob, 3.12 14 12 * * 4 — y = 9.0239x + 3.8975 RP = 0.9939 2|- o aco 020 odd t.00 20 ep Fig, p-3.12-2. Green - Ampt Equation Philip’s Equation: The expression Folth= hse +K (Eq.3.24) is used. Values of fp (col. 3) are plotted against ¢"“(coL.9) on an arithmetic graph paper (Fig.P-3.12-3). The best fil straight line through the plotted points is obtained as fi, = 2973S F"* + 2.0461 The coefficients of Philip’s equation are s = 2 x 2.9735 = 5.9470 and K= 2.0461his Eaton ee Fig. 3.123. Philip's Equation 413 Computations neaded forthe plo of brs) vs time (hare so in the following table: In this test the reading comesponding fo tine t= 110 min is ebviousy an ‘ror of Sbservation ands Sueh 1s taken as egua 1.50 cm. “ime tin | seat 6 Tieton | aime | stem | ing | aay fea |e eo 7 5 a0 2 1688 10 350 180 eet 15 475 18 a5 25 58 rey 406: * a8 80 zat a 525 080 ta040 » 73 as 12080 aD a0 or ‘Vals of bn pf) ae plotted agains time th) onan arktmetie graph paper (iP 3.13) [Noe ha the dat of = 110 mins ot inched he plot Lage) Fig. p33. Fitting of Horton's Ea ‘The hes fit eight ine though the plowed Morton's equation Prob. 3.13 In —J'=- S247 3.612 wi Ob nl Lf) = 2.287 =i) = 20485 {lem fo= 21935 cm Incremental iafiration depth values and coresponding inflation ites fat ‘rious data abseration times are calculate 35 show inthe flowing Table P- 314, Als, various parameters needed or plosting diferent inflation rode are also calculated as shown in Table P-3.14, The unis used are fin mh, Fin cm sndrin boars ‘Table 8.14 Computations for Problem 3.04 a]_3[ at ea] 3 ao Increment! Get Tne og tine [tin | |e | oa oe mop | howe | (im) fem) om ut |e, |e | 8 woloss?| 9a) ose) 098 sae0] oom | 1702 1220] 240 30 | 800| 289/250) 0.70| 4200| 96 | 0683 | o400| 1414 soloass| s30| 20) 40 sana] 1aes| -ovee|ozss| 0060/3900) ssa! sso) 170 1705 ree |oses cela) Bel se] ele ae) nai 200 | 3333) 1300 | 1100 1.60 238 031 | 0548 a|tem| taro area Hy tars foaes Kosisov's Eauaon: F, (=a? 5925) “aking logarithms of oth sides the equa IniPs)= ha bla, ‘The daa set spotted as fn) vs ff on a arithmetic graph paper (Fig P3.141 Jind the best ft staight ine trough the plated is obtained a3 Ig) = E0457 0.7881 bn) ‘The coziiclens of Kostakov equation axe =0.7841 and Ina 14457 gad hence a = 4.245. Best iting Kostiako equation fr the data i F=43ase™ Kostakov Equation: rob. 3.18 “200 “190-60 -090 1) 090 100 190 20h Ptip's Hauation: "The expression f,()= Ver! + K (6.3.24) is used. Values off, (Col 6) are plotted against Fo 10) on an arithmetic arph paper (Fg-P-3 14-2) The bes ft stught ine trough the plated points is obtained as J, = NSN? ABS ‘The coeiciens of Philips equation ave 9= 2x 1911 =382 and K= L485 Phil's Caution. prob. 2:13 Gsen=AnatEaiation <> om Yalus off, (016 ae pote aris (0-9) onan atts graph paper Fi Nig3) fhe bee te orate singh’ he plowed pone Oban as ‘The coefficients ofthe Green ~ Amp equations ae w= 2.308 and 1-= 3998Smen = Amol Eauton hob 3.34 10 oe y= ms 2308 oa Fsaarar uF, Fig, P-3143 Green - Ampt Equation 315 _ Computations needed for the plots of Ff and Ia pe] vs time thous) are shown ‘nthe following table: income ing | Fe | Ba | iitranan |e | tlt) | fre) (moar) | i | my | Sen, | Gin) | | te) | Heme 7 oss] 7] 07 a |2e000| 23900/ 374 | 240.00 orer| en] 2 13| 970| s6s0| 2267| orso bea| ass] ass] aa5| oso) asco | isw| aos0 sooo| ara] ara} 043 | asso) o7s0| o2r| “an sq0| 385) 306] 017 | stn] a0) -taer| 340 tooo] 4a] a 02 | arco ooo} 4700] 1.00 s000| 45] 45 02 | 0.100 198 ‘Tae vartion of fp mmihy wih 0) shown a Fig, PAST, he equation of the best ine is obtained as fp =0.7508 F" ‘Variation of infitration capacity -Prob. 3.18 £ g 2 100 8 oe ss “901 Time (h) P3151 Variation of Infiltration Capacity “The variation of Fp (om) with (8) is shown in Fig. P-.14-2. The equation ofthe best filine is obtained as Fp 74827 in + 34.781 “Cumulative infitration (mm) ee 8228 Time to) Fig, P3152 Variation of Curmolative Infiltration with Timeince) By observation ofthe data =0.10 ce. Values of b/f}are plot! agains time (on an sith graph pape (Fig. 3.153). Thebes it stag line theouph the plated points could he espeesid a Inf =) = 1.9095 (+2 3108) “Thus y= 4.9 ana Eff) = 2.317 giving ff) = 10-148 emi Shee fo Temn = 10284 ate met) Fig, P345-3 Hortan’s Equation Fafa mt goaserze® (96 out cae ation fossire\a -[isr-J2e I an” | 0.5 x4) - 042.4) c*" e")) = 2.06 2.4(0.13833+1) 4.075 om Averige inflation capacity te =f, Fpa3of? Differentiating with respect to ie tf, = (3.0 0.7) AUI=20h, Jp=2 1x20)" 1 AU=30b, Jp=21xG0)%> Rott = (19651 = 68 em Puls of unio tinte durtion Av ~ 2 are considered, The pulses ae numbered Sequeniall ad itensity of eal a each pulse is ealeuaed as sbowa below. ‘Table p-8.18 Calculations for Problem 3.18 Pals number 12 [3 [s_]s [6 _[7 _[e Tine fom satatran [2/4 /6 |S |G |e | [16 st 10] 730 | Toso | THAD] Baa] TDD (em Incremental rain (em_| 080, Tntensiy of ran (i) | 0.0 cruh, @ 80) 130/320 [330 [150 [0.60 [030 90/078 160) 135 [0-50 [0.30 [O.10 | [ Hee duration of rainfall = 168 Tra Assume MS, At=2hand Renee 1c M.At= 10 ours Select these 5 pulses in dceeasing ric off, Pulse 1,7 ane 8 arco. Rune Rs -68em= SU, -g)Ar= SI, -ar-e 42) 6 hand N=8. 0908 2)+0.75% 2) +(1.60 x2) 61.75% 2)+ 80.42) 109 0-109 92420 0.2 enh By inspection of row 5 of Table (3.18), Mf, = numberof pulses having 1 9, tat ib/20.2 emis ‘Thus M, = = M- Hence assume i OK. ‘The indox ofthe stor s DAP em andthe duration of rainfall excess: sex HO hoursFig. P18 HytoraphandERH ol the Storm Preble 318) ‘i i int The nurs) Fig. P-318 ERE. a9 Pulses of uniform tne dation A= 0.5 ate considered. The ples ae nerd sequently an tensity of rinflmeach pub sles as sown belo “able p19 Calutations for Problem 319 = Pale nue 4 (s 1671s 9h Taner star oF [OSD] 100130] 200250] 300 | 330] AH ASO]. saint Caimlaine 160 | 240] $30 530) a0 730) 270 rainfall (em) increrntal a 0 | 950] FAD 89139] 1.70] 030 OH fem) Intenso ain too | 380) 10 20] 220) 100040 pine ere dartion of anfll Thal I Selet these 7 pulses in decreasing ower Pulse 1,2 10 are omited Runotf Riad Some Ts, =e) 1=¥.f-At—o(0x05) 35 (1.205) +(100%05) 42.00.05) + (1.80x05)+ 24205)+ 2.2005)+(10x05))-359 S359 9= 283.5 = 00.657 emia [By inspection of ww $f Table p-3.19). Mf = number of pulses having > hat is 10.0657 emvnis 7. Thos M, =7= Mf. Hence assumed ¥ is OK. ‘The pindex ofthe stom is 0.687 env and He duration of rainfall excess hours, eas Fl. 9.08 stom hytgrgh and ERM rom 8 ay a nt) Fig 319 ERE 30 ‘Pulses oF uniform ine duration AY = 20 min are considered. The pulses ae numbered sequentaly snd intensity of rst in each pulse 4 caculaicd ss shown below, ‘Table p:320Calevlations for Problem 320 T ala 190 Bs [Pile Wo. [Time rom star of sn Rainfal intent Therein dep ithe inal an) 200 [200 [600 438 | 067 Average Lowy =p Too efi unof nvyiw at too} tos-ts00}335-to —To ‘Tal rin = 1338 mewCatcaation of W- 321 Dect uve a rainfall of (200 ~0.80 = 12 me) ad the esting intensity is 1270.33 ie Ini oss = 0.8 mm for the aia hyetograph The Fist pulse will 400 mh. The resling hyetopraph 35 follows: Due NB. tT spay ay eyes Tin om rot int 04335 | OT | 100] 155 L667 a0 [2 Incremental rainfall dept the interval (nm) 12 | 200 |on0|433 [oor |o67 |400 av) Rainfall intensity of pulses for Wrindes computation [4 [6 | 18 nb fa Thal Assunie M= 5, A'=0.333 and hence 1, M. Ar= 1.667 hours Selet these $ pulses in decreasing de off, Pulse Sand 6 are ome, Runolf Re=1333mm= Sl -o)Ae= Fare (0333) 1333 1667 @ ° {4x 0333) + (650.333) + (18 x 0.339) +(19.¥ 0393) + (12 .0333))- 753 1.667 9 211.67 =252 mewn By inspestion af row 4 of Table (p-3.20),M, = numberof pulses having 2 9, that 12> 252 mm is Tos Henoe assumed Mis OK. ‘The Windex ofthe stom 8 2.52 mma and the duration of rainfall ewes 1.87 hous 90.0 cmlh = 0.20 erm por 20 mi time ep t 2 3 4 . 7 ‘Time —[Tossemear | Corn | Taos from [atime | Rainfall | mental | lafitration | Runoft sare [tate [fem | rata Loss |e) fem) (onan) a a 0 a 2 030 [050 [030 030 a 120__[o70 00 050, 260 | 140100 12 30 020, 05. 350 020. 0 1.00 250, Runof in cach time sep is equal tthe incremental sanfll in that sep mimes inflation loss caleulaid a equal tog AU). Note that the iia loss has already ben accounted far in the calculation of g-ndex and as such does not appear in he cleulations. Phe il surface not! rom the catshmen s 250em. an Tay Den] Rina | Rana o ot | imeach | depth | Ranta | effective Rainfall |Sub- | over toil Sof Index | Intensity | rainfall |] Duration excess area | catchment eattmens| erm) [Cen [tem [Gy [tem [tem [Yom os | 09. 00 13 5 oz as is [oa ao 1 os a3 | oe as 20 os a3 3s] 1a Toal= 24 emChapter 4 (10.28 i 43 Forthe fs section We = 24 25m) 4 mecensnaseig gOS spy Das . For the las seston IF 125 m average oes Moat | average ae oa | cect ote | Seamerea fom o_o Lees estan cameen, we | veroe ncaa: | reaps of of of sa) figs | at | depth | | tan tie | eooty | Segiaetl veers] 190[ os] 04] eso | vor [FR mr [in| ia [ime | getnoge | commen So | 1sioo| 250/08) os | avs | zai as (1svoo| 170[ 07 [9s | ee | 1590. 2] 22s [aso] 2 | 100 | om | one [Fist Bo| ts00] Too] oe] oa] eso | area mone 75| va175| 040| 04] 03) 035 | one [las [250 [155 [ar_[ a0] 0-01 | 059) = ttt seaman 9 [aoe [295 [a [ta oas [ar ‘Tora discharge = 6496 ms ve[ 30 [ure | wa _[ m0 | one | —17ee te[ 250 [tes | toa [to | age | tare 42 @r=m" zo] 200 [10 |g | iat | aarr | aie as] ssa [os] 7 | 10 | oa | ors [tem w]e] eo et ) Feo.ay + 01] em es] a een44 46 cae } Forte fistandiaa sctons We 22 asisrsm secon joe” [Dee | oy, | 0 | tage for | Doss | he T teas] ae 35[ 136 a] te] a8 | 18 +1 —78[ as 15 et — re] — aa | tae i$ setae o) ass! — 20 sr} 1a Som Segional discharge is clculated by Bg, (8.101 a8 AG=Weey, x ¥, where y=depth atthe section and j= average velocity i the 1 Seton Discharge the rver = MERD ms 95 x Vesin 8 ‘Ave of time -conceniration curve = [0630+ 105+ 18.04 180+ 120 49.04 60.64.54 15 +0160 x80 units = 287000 «1 unis. 257000 x 10" x[ 9.81000} x Q= 300 = 10s mrs ts" and assume Co=0 S00 is Q.=25% 10" mis: C1=0.200:C2 EO" «(0.2048 x10") Oe ext —1010) £5 By 4.19) forming emis =O MCLOIE Ce) Be 45m,C= 200030, 0m: Since L varies iret with C, forse mixing Jength adapt the largest value of C. Hence using C= 30, 0.13 (48) 30:6(0.7. 80+ OBI) so97s Adopt 49 Tope | Seton A Seioa a [roa oR Sm P—[2osi6m sozsim eam oH B= (a3.z0392.733/" = 11635 (93.375)3.089) on Tecage = JiR AOR Fall = ATT ~104500= 0271 m,te= IEG, Tosa with assume 5, =F.) = (027140000) 0 get (5 ~0005206, =k (5 =n85m's Sioce the flow is expanding eddy loss b= 038" YA & B with suffixes 1 & ne te 2 for sections & & B respectively The hea loss fete cay ME ap 2g 2g discharge tii equation found by Ws and evr wale | gan] ae) ra | ry T_[oart [aarp | ssas_[onrsee [oom [arse yo foaisefaareni aon [ones omnes | oe 3 [o2760| 0276x107 | 44.25 | oo1se [ood | 0.276 =H mi tuoau [wo TOM =H AUIS) 280 Aw [TIT 97 ATT Po [cia 205 2.50028. 18m [124205 2.70024 074 RL ESBS 19514 * (42-s0y 9339) =21222 ‘Aveage K= JER =2278 ah ann een; o ¥ Also ew chm +(e Hy de 2 ‘The disshatge Qi found torn Eqs (1) and (2) by wil and eno, [Av afin tal asia f= Fall= 102.70 10130 Lam Sy= 1018000 1.75 «10% and 0=2278,/5;, "Fral S| Q | Wae | We] i (tea, ovis | Fe 2 [aaise | 13570 [3020 [-O0rsT [oor 40M 3 [ana sea) 30-18 [00087 | 0710 1a = Wi8 mis Uy The stage ~ discharge equation is @=C,(G—a)! Taking the logarithms oe Q=f log1G—a) + log C Y= pX+b vg(G~a) Values of X, Vand XY ave ealelated forall the data as shown in Table pt. ‘Table p-4.l1 Calculations m350 and No 13 ‘ilschange | LogCG-a) | Loy a = sagia)| ce [a [ex |e | ow | oe | ow ows) |__| ins 3601 | oar | ea | ose7 | tue_| -oves | ogo | amo s6a0| 140 | een | 0146 | zone | sts | cet | sre ‘4440 | e00 | ean | 9509 | sse0 | ase | 0901 | s2mis | 4540 | ogo | sao | one | egse | opua | 0.901 | sa.88 | 4100 omg | sae | 2148 [4389 ais | “49.05 [ass | 18.85 ate 1088 408 35593 From te above table BX 9853 Bxy=35533 EX'= 10.002 GXe FO EW AIFS Nes Dy using Eq. (4280) 9 NERY) EN) "Ne _A3 19.853)42.135) a0.082) 88537 By Eg. 4.280) Hence ‘The required pause - discharge relationship i therefore 0 =15044(G~a)!"" (2) By By, (4.29, oF Text) coefficient ofconelation NENG) iver?) veya] (338533) -(9853442.135) © Fete ora C13 141883) 077339) = 0968 As the val of risnearest0 Ga) When@=425.a80=350{0—9) =750 G= 159.44(75)) "= 2528sGb) When 6=48.5,a802350,(6—a) = 130 1G = 159.44 (13.0) ie an 43) Pig Pods 6.4389, log (G ~ a) and Y =log 0. The value of is gen by Ba 4.384) 36 NaxN) =X) N@r)-@ry ales of X, Yand XY are gle lated in Table p-4.14. 2osinn Net Dissiage | LoaiG-a | toqa = sages | teal | ial mee ow |e | oe wmaerst | im | amis, 4s 12018 Subsiuting these waite in Bg 38) (Ud 21216) 39.2954(7273, (14112085) — 09295) ‘The coefficient Cis given By Ea. (435-b) a6 x)= aN) 6 = 1-046 09299)grys e- C1 amilog C=0,1641 fading tothe gnge-ischarge equation 3s (6.2050) =0.1641 9" ‘When Q = 2600m!and given hat « = 20.80. (6-20.50) = 002246 300)" = 6342 m 26802 m ge 2, ah a = (13600), @, (harap) ® AIO = HA mits(Chapter -5 51 a 3 ‘Aeaikm'y | Mean iobpe | Prodect td) value (em) a5, 30950 70500) 2150) ‘Sum = 326750 21, 02 mn (@) Antal runt in.em = (65x 368 124 x60 x6} (2700 x 10°) Runoff coeficient= 75:93 / 121.02 = 0.637 = 62.74 52. ‘Table p52 Computations for Problem 5.2 aug agen a | pn j ven | maa | us| ee | inn | aan | ay | a wesy_| “in | oth | guy | te teen 980] oao| tan] ais 070/020 | -s300| art ozo] ozo | 3750| 56 ‘o70{ 050] -4a00| a1 cao] 020 | oaeo| 136 030] 020 | 0280] —o5e From the above Table p52, BP = 80.60 ER 38771 SPRe375053 rpssm24 0 N=1 Dy wsing Eq (53-01 | MSPR)~(EP) (SR) NP) GP _ 2.378083) —(66.438.790 oRee2a) aT By Ba 3.0) ’ = B879D (0.4898 86.6) _ 24 es 08 sas s Henoe the required annual ata runoff eetationship of the catchments given by (R= 04828 P= 0.2635 with both P and Ring When P= 1S S0em, = 7.23 ¢m= $61 Men’ cov and 0 sa p- | ae ‘year | naican | pirat | Fe | Re tem | em) “aea_| “3050 | “a00 ro “oea_[ tas.s0 | 7430) 39a | 360 | 3930. [ara sara rom the above Table 5. sls) IR EPs (e000 aR? = 250026 By wsing Eq. (52-8)(124 58143.6) (1165. 1489.9) (2 136900) = 1165.0 iss By Eg. (5350) “215i Hence the requited annual rainfall - nano relationship ofthe catchments given by R=0.6163"~ 21513 with both P and bsing inom and R= 0, [By Bq. (S.4 coefficient of eoeeaton SE NGPR) (SPIER) finer) rsa) ER] ¥ (12.58183.6) -1165.14459.9) T3800) — (16S HD + 23002.6) (89.9) = 0978, Furber r= 0.9872 ‘Asie valu of rismeate to unity the colton is very goo When P= 10006, R=40.12 m sa Calculation of Yield of River Nelravati at Bantwal Observed Brnust Wiha Evapor Annual Sorted exceesance Your Flaw fawals ation Yield Yield Rank Provabity ending_(uem) _(wCH)_(MEM)_MC)_vslves _m) pate” 111m bk 8 or fa yagi? gpk tz780 5 oara 7167) 5808 eos oe re 7 eae a 8 0sc0 sao tase 1084505 30 ss a) 1 pes wore. sore 13 ae sere oss 4778 sey oss) 18 75% dependable yet = (by imtepoltion between p= 0.722 and is 10148 MEM. Average annual yield st Bantwal = 12691 MICM 778) ‘Average sual Yield forthe whole basin 2691 X A220 184 12842 MEM 55. By Khosa's formla Ry = Py 0-8 Ty nem) Mew [T [3 [3 [a [5 Te Fe [or jas [it [as [iar 7a sco Tate [|S Ro jo jo jo [ojo ‘Mon [7 [8 [9 | [112 PPA [7 [res [Ise fan [ts em Tate [24 [>e_[33 [a fora R, [0 [21 [5.36 [5.2 [0 [0 scm ERe=1276cm "Pq =889.em — Runoff coelisient = 12.7689 = 0.35 56 ‘Table pS.6 Calculation of Monthly runoff by Strange's method ont uy [am | seer [oot ony ata za | i |e | as imuatve monhiyainatinm) | ao | a0 | ee | FH ‘anata a wre wale ee | Svanges Tea§ 2.3) ‘Sumtive Rat rs) ase | seas [ven [i558so ® 58 nti Run asa | azar | 196s | e149 ‘aisen | eaoaso | r7ri20 [ re1a10 ont Ye Foal semsonal il in naa Row 4 is obitined by vsing Strange’s Tables 53-a, Note that cumulative monty rafal i used to gt the cumulative ronofraia percentage st any month, Row 7 is ‘obiained 2 Monthly yield (on!) =item in vow 51000) x (Catchment “eval seonal yield = suns of tems in ow 6 1.440,000 (2) Since antecedent 5~ days rainfall is 25 men andthe season is domant ‘season, from Table 53 AMC isof Type Thus CN = CN, = 68 'S=(25400168) = 254 119.5 For non-blackcoton soils “0387 Cae ee for P> 0.38 fb0-(a-1195)) _[po-isas} “0 +(0.76119.5) 8083.65 “Total runoff volume over the eatchment V,= $00x10%x1 1.9 14 1000)= 59850 m* = 89tmm It aise $i anal is 35 a, sce he sb doin eso fa Table $3, AMC so Type From 69. $20. CNy =—_—__Ne__ ART OST, a arco 00T S2(2540083.27)-2546 5108, (r-038) On 078 _ f-(03.si.0n) _ fo-1531} = fOrO7-5103, ~ 8073572 “Toxal ua volume over te entchent V= 500s 10436, 161000) Hense CNy for 0.39 36.16 ram, = 180800 m? Using Table $8 weighted CN ys exlelsted as below: so 5.10 Tanase 7 Sail Giaupl [Soi imap D © [CN | Product | | ON | Product Calated Cand Paddy) 3095 [7450 [as [95 | 475 Scrub Foret 6 3a [4 [er [30 ‘Wasteland 3 705__[e [S88 ‘Total | 5071 (S071 1999) Weighed CN ies 100 By B4(5.20) CNo= GATT WousTs 707) Ove, 707 By Fa(5.19) GN, == he st __ YEAISI9) ON = 35 oorzBIN, © 2281—OOI28T=TOT = Stat 70. aT O.MSTSATIO, 3. Using Ea (5.20) CN 2540078636)-284 = 40.12 ‘The relevant runt uation for Black soll and AMC-I is gq P=0as) P= 0.bmo91' P4023" Po0M9S Pu(O9u40.12) PASAT Pim) [O om) 5136.79 | su [4078 Tol= 88:52 mm "Total runoff volume over the satchmentV= 400%10's86.524 1000) = 46080 m" Using Table $4 weighted CN us calelates as below: and Use] Tot [Sai Group C Soil Group D a [@ [ON [Produ [@ [CN [Product Caated o2s (e-co27ssn}' [eis Pa(O8TS87 ” P4607 For P>15.17 men ay | Pm) | Q ram) 30 0 fi Toul@= 1338 am “Total runoff volume over he catchment V,= 680x103 3841000) = 90984en! Using Table Sa weighted CN¢ iscaeuluted as below: and Use [Soil Group B ‘hay [en [Prado 400 |s6 | 34800 Row ops (Fists —[woo [er —[oi00—) (Haas [00 sige 800 Weed ens = 820 si0 BYELG29 Nem Tas (OMNSTSXETOD Using tadard SCS-CN equations $= (28400909) -254=25.43 g_lP=02sh foe P= 0.28 P08, a [p-10.2.2543)° Ursa" 0: sis (2) Calculation of weighted CN Since AMC = Category I, using Table 56(a) weighted CNy 3 caleulaed as blow Tanduse [Tod | Sl Group B [Sal Greup C(@O)] Sal Group D * 5%) 05%) % [GN [Pat |= _[ON [rete Ret [so [28 [85 [amo|se [90 [2m | 20 | 92 | 160 Paved [30 [7 [ou [ews [es [on [ee [3 [ow [00 Weiahnd Ng 2066 #3664 2330) one To Using Standard SCS-CN equations5 =(2510009061254=26.35 p-02sF P08 \80-—C0226.35)) 995 on 150--(08 26.35) Q forP> 025 (@) Befoce utbanizaton: AMC = Category IE Landuse ‘Total Soil Group B Soll Group © Soil Group D % G56) (406) (256) % CN Pe & CN Pak CN Pw Pasture 100 35 79 2765 40 86 -3HO 29 BP 2225 (2795 +3440 2225), Weighted ¢Ny-= 2795" 38 ighied C a Using Standard SCS-CN equations S=Q2S100BK3}254= 473 3 16-0257 psoas O-oag rhe oas fiso-co2-47° “sosoaaTy) = 105.15 mm Porcontage increase in run due to urbanization sud a poy a i # i = 2 é |___ sap sox s L zo] 1088 sa9 1000 100 ‘ a * 10 1 ° 1 10 100 Pg P18 Profle 814 From the gap Qoe= Han SIS The calculations ate shown in Table pS. 1S, Noe thatthe fst entry in Col 7 corresponding 1o Jue is meyative and he entry coresponding 0 the mor May is also negative. As such, one more series of dala covering 12 months frm June © May is add sequentially, thus giving two wate yearsof data4 see 0 4 at ; i t i Table p5.15_Caleaton of Sore 3 ews Joo |S, |S By Stow |Velme | OSA | scone |e | acta | foe ‘0 vir” umes |", umes foie | eames ze ints, | Son So [SR | team. |e a fon | ‘amr a Ta || aaron | groan 18 op sot ine eet eel a Sst a a ee 3a z seni | 00 | anto| | 2700 | ss an. = cet 200 | eeto| $0] —2rs0| a4 ta 3 ee ie — a in a0 % See | 00 | aren) a0 si 30 i oo 2080 —s01 Soa oe {ae Mae 40] 1240[ 80] 2 ss50] 2700 te e020 i iy i oT si im) sys sn0| 9st [aug 6200 go] 2790 | 3410, 3410. oe 0 oe #00 | esto | 0] ere se 50 ‘Now| 180[—«800| 80] —a700"| 186 a Ds so ero si0 as So —Hs0| er — Srp sie} fp [eo | aan) 99 ate | sen sep Hise [a Year| 0] — aan | iss0| a0 fet} S| "san gp ro | teense fi 25 776 so 270016 | 058 Minium sorage api eed = 98 eomecday 5.16. "Twoeyelesof ate eo pve nt Peak valleys tame pste a a ~ sans) | carat | cee, Tha a 3 3 — 2* = [ yy Ht 40 S17) Table psa? Gama | Sonate i vue |\oume’| dion | Demand | ow 3 Hr mcm) | cn) | Seman | (eM) | (MEM a. wa sa] 5] 38 20 tt zea 30 20 | W390] a0 2 mo] [8 Tz zs a 00 a 20 tlt M ‘|| a ear 1 ca| a] 0 a ‘rage ued = Nh ® H 518 Catoaation are shown in Tale p18, u a um | Sout 0 ‘Se | aioe |ranea |Youne | vouee’ [lot | Demene | aoe” i en | wey | eran | Ai |e [Feb 40 7 4 | at4 * it 0, oa 639 | -111.3 eee : i 3 beanie ate 180 Fig. P-5.16 Mass curve of Flow = Calculations are shown in Table p-5.16 and the mass curve im Fig P5.10, From the mass sre it is son that. {@) Minimum storage required for unit demand! of 70 ms is $700 cummes. Day (b) Moog imam uniform rate of withdrawable from a storage of 7300 cumec. Day is 2m’a 0222 “is) 0481 sae = Tew minimum storage eaement «30812 MM Evaporation volume =(E (cm 100) 30°10" =03 E Mm" Rainfall conibution = Prem V100) (1 - 0-4) x 30% 10 [et infow volume = Wig flow ~ Evaporation + Precipitation Sinee the demand forthe month of December i in sequence with January 10 June demand ‘nthe sense tha the excess demand in hese months snegaive 0 cycles of dat ae rn 5.19 The given datas Fortwo years and as such dhe sequent peak algorithm calculations ‘ue performed for 2x2 = 4 yours: Casula are sbown n Table p59. om > é iat rea] ‘a it] ‘sume [ug — a1 fam) | Ponads sep | 90 ee [a at ae Now| a0 [62 oa beara Tait zl Vatus of ess and Tough 129.88 Fam oa aT | no [ear | rouge | ose [ses] aaa sna z_[weare| susie [55612 s[zesaar [rear |seavse aa Required Minimum dove = Mx of (Pek Trough values Saas 310 han aS.0 | haa $0.18. 5.20 Cabculations are shown in Table p-5.20, Cols. | 00 7 in Table p-5.18 are retained as ee itis, Col. 8 is the cumulative valves of col.7, The series in col.7 starts with a fen fegave vale andthe fst ough sacle, Thos so pak before he Trough ~ ‘ae The excurences of woughs and the peaks ae indicted it Table 93.20 andthe 1 saben ata canbe amma ep asbalow ie Peak e874 aire re [roan | ae 2 ae amas | sa Ti 5250 | Tage “There ony one sr FV aK and ough set an te ini storage needed Jan st] rae" it wrneet the demand is obtained as 389,12 MEM,a z a Denard [uen| 50 7a Feo} a0 7 (ap: | as} a8 May_| 20 10 {ua [eee 28 “| 225 i Seo | 150 m7 ae | a o aan [80 7 war| 90 20 aps rs Se 30 a aah ‘aul | 85 Fa 5 50 Now| 78 ca ae ee _| 30 fa 322 cara am MCW cat 3 was eh bEe Ee = ee = ee = ee é y = s 2 ache He Paso Minimum storage required = 3.96 — Spillage = Consider a water surface area of 79 km? =75 Min? Before reservoir: Normal runoff volume = 0.38 x (160100) 275 = 42 Mn? [Afereserain Contribution of Rainfall = (16075) 75 = 120 Min [Las det evaporation = 0.70 x 280 x 100 x 73= 105 Mam" [Net anal supply tothe veseevotr= 120 108 18 Men? [Ne anual deerise = 42-15 =27 Min?él Chapter 6 ‘The data are pleted on a semi-log plot with discharge onthe lo scale (See Fig. P- 641). The data points ftom day 5 onwards plot on straight line. The best fing exponential curve for this stasght line portion is! obianed through use of MS. Exeebis Fag 09 toe Renin Coe Teme inbove Fig P61 2 =2:52996*" “Tae base flow recession constant Keg = © 868, "The base curve recession # evlended tll (= O, and thé surfice water depletion is obained by subirating the hae fo fom the observed recession bin Df the hydimgrip The computations are shown in Tae 4. with R! <0 978, Tine] Slaaned (gaya | Disharge Base tow) | eurace not aE 7 23 Bree 1 3% Bae 376 00 Tot i aes Uae ‘The beat iting equation to the surface runof (Cal 4) is ebtaind a 0,=15328.°°" with E=0.9991, ‘The suave flow secession coeficient Kye (6) On the sevemth day. the lw sas low recession with 2 = 0.1206 ay anit) Hence storage available a the end of 7 cay 62 @=0.K! 0=0,k" 2. O.K" a 0. Rao KO =20 and K = 0.968 Qe 800.9655!" = 113.137 ‘On uly 10,0 40 days ak Qs 63. Continuity equation: 1 lot). 3.=50,)= Ses Forany twa times and = Siu,)~ and 0.6 sea Rol ae {not sa | wine |i [ant |e [aw [HS | rot ey, | |S | | S| [ae | re, ome etary eps eaee So eos Se Tots 247 Average ffttv infl¢obid by giving Wgbaespropoionl 1 (ab- how) a 546)+ G8. 1)= 14m 2 hour : (1P8O) x [ (15x 38) + (25 x 27) + (35 219+ (5 x 26) = 25,50 mm ty) 222 can, 5) ==2E coma ‘Thus Si) rel torage left in the basin at any we 1 follows the linear reserve ‘The nl exces athe who aia eale lates Below: 3" hour: (180) x [ (15% 12) 4 25. 5)+0- (8 x27] = 390mm 4 hour 6s (Distribution of Average ER 2 | 3 | «| averne | ome einem) | itm zeso|see| o| swars| aaro vsereg | ort of Test) | Flowers) | EnUR my se 26 a is a o Som= ‘000 Bais nota | 700 | sam Dept of = -_ samo em) = Vole of runs = [1000 x 6 60 « 60/10" Depth of rn . 21.60 Min’ 66 Volume of DR =(1/2) 30 66 3 3500 = 3.564 10m? fh =DR in depth units cn, the 189 106 100) = 3.864 x 10" h 1886 cm, ‘The 6 UH wil havea hase of 66 hours and speak occuring at 10 rom the start or a ee rime | Foos [B38 | unas |8-NUM Oo" | Restaae ,, | Recon | a eas a) sae — so [ mt] eee aoa oe se a a |} 08 Sun= lei 1 3802 Direct runoff volume = 1781 x 6 x 60 x 60 = 38.469 x 10° Mm” Depth of DR = (38.469 10°1 720 10°} =005 = Ses 21.60 10 VSO 10" = 00852 Orbintteof 6-4 UHE = Col2/ 4.32 326m 1.886) = 15.91 6Onlintes of -h UH=Col.t 0 68 oe ares T Tine age row | Diet Rurot | 1aay Dist graph yearn | SHE es eamapeuge | |r (ist | tts) | rants (nt = a6 12 ED 3 [ar . v ‘Volume of DR Aref calehncat = 600 » 10a Depth of DR » 4.50 = 00576 m = 5.76-em = Depth of rainfall excess 1:56» 108 ms 69 Rainfall excess =4.5 em, Duration = 8.08 ndinates oF € —h UH= ordinates of DRHIS.5 Table p 69 Time | Ord 0 Peed satura. 0) | Hyseprapm ini _| (ne) 7 a 0e § a 88 2 zo aor 28 too 18 & a0 eee a ua 220 45 isi0 cor 3 ‘30 ieee 138 a 00 6.10. Duraton = 6 hours Infiltration = 0.25 «6 = 1 them Ruinfill excess = 801.50 26.50 cm “Copyrighted Matera” “Adctors| resaues mieish sped win the Sook Engneerng ona Peakof flood hydropraph = 470m Dest base flow 15 mis Peak of RH cory PetkoffhUit= 455/650 = 70m Rainfall 4.6m, Area = 100 km? Tine | Tap noi | Bij Tow] Diet onatT famy_|otsy |e) tog) ot Sut [500 sm [o ffm [9 380 S00 + [500 anf 5 [in Swf Sums [1088 Volume of direct rant = 10806) x68) = 378 Nm? Depthof rosa = 3.78100 = 00378 m= 3.78em ‘geindex = 400-378 =022 em For cm rainfall in eve hour, rin exeess =6.0 -0.22-=5.78em Safa rn peo 78% 90 3182 Lem Volume of Beer srace oft c= (870100) 100 Teal Tae [eoR[ Da) Ranfil i be MENATERT DIO [50-4 tee iets Effective rainfall (em) 18 [38 [28 Fee pag | RE or fier enas.n femeae oto a0 [we = tesa a a tiga | seta = ae —[ no] tes % Soe] “copyrighted Material” “Adavonal reeauce mises) sippied mt the, Bonk Engnoeing61 ou o_| 50 ols a we a [ote ta he orate are mi tau Ter nly they a a -how eras (Care ede in utng DRE nse tv ls ter ine nkea) evn, SES RIRSESE T Baca tom | Fond yooh eae) eReto | amet ms 7 10 10 10 i it Tina JehuH, [en UH wooed [tae [Og often UH [orang | by rows ts | CoLy | fs) 7 a 7 a ie 60. a at rn 1@—| 160 80 20 106: 2 zhun| Sew tnisy | “torah Seeune oobi) i nase feos | Oat 08) | 616, 67 618, us| 155 255, ws a lolol] isla (Now: Cob? (Col @iara)} Vote t= an =3486:0 fi area of catchment in kn then (2 10") x1/1Q0 = 3.436 10" A= MSé km! For the unithydogaph D= 6 hours [piu discharge of $= curve = Q, = 2.778 1345.66 = 160 ms For the one hour UH, Volume of DR = (5-4 8.+ 8.43.41) 1 3600.=79200 mm WA = tea of cichment in hen (A Io) x4/100 = 79200 tre | 1204 | Sete | s.came | meget | cae | Oot | oes (“ear [ean] Fike | ish | Soa = oan pope, [oss es ss Pe 6 o Ea ea ay Os r [oe‘Syeuve | 30 1387 S48 345 time | (2, | Scum | s,,cune | i (col, Lot 6-h Es 1293 106s |~ 267. "ep [oleic | saan | SS | us| pea : ee oie | tee en's) 33 cs 1448 1299207 4 ; > og % a rd oe See He ‘ se : eee oe eee co [5 | 700" 735. “rat 8 a8 ‘Time interval (H)_ Ow6 [612] 121618 Ae eee Hal tiuew are ee eee ee al ena a ae ee ee [Btfecive tainfaliomy | ee moe eet See eee i Seo Lae ETE miei ' a Srouve Time tine | BRU | Sane | 5 cy | 180080 | ga | Ordo o ora. |acaione | Seause,| ors | | she | ty "ts |!) | | 819) | ety ryepaers or aoa we See See ae a a 7 190] 215, eo 12 387] 128 2 2 2a 4. a oe (eee oeoets ——s Ee ee oP aS ae ae ae eae Bee eat ae El tid 706 4197 792. 5 135 49 I a0 8. 126 | 20 78 l. “Copyrighied Materia” “Adavonalresoucs mates) sppied wih the Sosk Enpnestng “Aetional resource area) supped. weh the Book Enprsetngmio te jot wie | w | * t ‘tet 621 Vohie of =! 733600-10021296:10! wt (ie) 100 = 1296.10, ence A coe [eaun [DiRRTRNOT eT aiee | Fan ee [Sa Tease [ened |ioe |tpenaat iwi lem” |en™* [eB [owt wpe et soe as tis oe ze [100] moo | a8 Spare ts | eas a2 e285 128 “300, 2 450 | 4g [-s0 | 100 |e | as | — ar se [are || ae || a [es |e | eas | 80 % a eo sau Fi. p21 622 Volume of UH = £169 3600.0, m'=(1000x 10") xi/100 Hence Q,:2 80.8 mis “Copyighied Material” Adstional ras mina) suped wih the Sook Enanening 623 Time inte [ows [awe [ew 1] ‘Rajafll in the niewalem | 3.5 [Losesingx) _ 1.0, Effective tainfll ema) 125 som, fog ERTS Beg yon detain |ER> | emia | en 0e | ime er esa BS | 2 | A laptegos rier s [o1as [e586 “6.060 | 0.128 vas—{—w [oa |—toer| — om |— 00 see] [ge ozo | roca ts 1610 20 10 [0.260 a20 | 0.300 | “0.80 risa | —s—[omss|sast—|—omso| ear oe|—1—[osso|oo—|—omu0| tn tis | —1—{owo|ooot|— p00 tsar Sas | ta Runoff ate corresponding to I em rani excessin 4 hours Cd = 500 beg t —a479 89 30 * ‘The DRH corresponding 1 nunotTrates of Co.6 in Table p-6.23 are a fellows: Tine TOTS [i [is [2_] ii DRoad. cms) 0) 43 [194 | ata) 396 | 281 3 [0 a9 tafo {Note thatthe R rates are catered at mid values of the time intervals) 624 AteaoFGhUH, = 48.2600.-0, =86400P 3 $6400 0, = 289.2 «10° 41/100 0,= Ms Unitintral 6 hous: Are of UH = (12) 480. 120 its “Copwiahied Material” “Aastonal vesawse mais) sipped wih the took EngneningARS ae Hi —<— : haut se {6-4 Distribution graph percentages fecemes Tt Bl) | Te | ERE 5 Tine = __|pA Distibaon 7 = 5 ed wena | Hikoorach Disibaion arp [ozs | 1875] 2292] 1875 | 1458] 142] 62s] 208 or ly fens, ems, [tata 1 | 120-89 ak 2—| 200 | 3981-278] To ad [240 | vee] 6s | ase @— [a0 | sons | Haas al 7 [10396 aie | an od [> §— [a0 et lo [0 | 9 [avo ‘Tal= 9072 ° T ‘Total volume of DRH = 90.72 (mt s.h = 326592 m? Alter Uitbaninaio Fig. P62 os hu [I fo son en Fe m5)34h Dra manaT wt 2 s4h= 2102) 1, +194 Hence 2 4058 Tine oor me) 3405 =¢)¢148 76)" om For catchment N! |, OTH 106 x 32)" eT 51552508 Up (27S 2122) + (44) = 27.75 2.7809 «1400 Wanaooe Wes 7OIL7S © 48h (72-403 «2775 ‘Tota volume of DRE. = 144.65 (sph = 5207256 m! Hence iterease i the Mood volume = 3207256 ~ 326502. Percentage inorese = (1441336 / 336802) 1D0 = 5944% The base: Increase mth peak = 8.79 18.18 = 16.61 mis= 91d or 28077543) Use 7, =156 hours as convenict ime base. Cbd) = 15x 35x 10)" = 8.70 fea 87550 153h CConsider'3 hour intervals. Ry=2em = Db. Qe RU 120-20 Ui=com's Ri=dem 30.7% Silly 2aUs+ 4x 120 = 660 8h Woy 30717 Det +490 = 460 Tie base Te (7243 %9))= 99 DeUss4xS) =260: or 250415) Sh. 2eU;e4e30 = 160 Use 7, = 2 hours as convenient ne hse 2eU; 44x20 =100 DeU;+4x10 250 Detyeaes 220 629 Q,=126ms Ty Ups te =2798 43-3075 Tine OTS fo fo [us [ass [ai foe [37 Muluply te coordinates of SC Dimensionless UH given in Table 10 (Tent by SUH ow. aw) | 0/6 [130] 90] [3020] 105 [0 the espesive seas. To La Forcatchment Mz i= 60h vte_| 9105 | crows) | en's) | vt | a | moves | ois)a0 | 0840 iat 0,50 630 Fg. 3.) sows the ERH and DRI GF Oniies of UI aw obiined by dividing the DRH ondites by 6.0. The resting 40H Fg. S300) Tine ait ‘OninateorDRT ea —[ 01 ‘Gninate of 4h UH emi | OT siete 88 Discharsge em) Time) 6.3K) hour UHL Deevaton ofthe S-curve is shown in Table 6.300) able p6.8ha) Derivation of SeCurve ‘Osinie Terein | one |afsh” | Sane | Secure a a 1 ze eo z a 4 a a [oe + z eure problem p= 6:30 Discharge (em) Time (h) Fig, 6.0) Sr-curvei) Computation of 3-h UH using Secure: ‘Table p-6.30(0) Computation of $< UH Secure | due eR Tine n | Sewve | anged by | of | Ord. ot ‘+ a] 13 ap 2 2) er s[ 2[ 3] 267 @{ tf 3} {nM of Problem p20 50 40 30 20 10 00 Discharge (emi) Time (h) Fig. p-630(6) Sh UHL 63 ‘The calculations eelating to S-curve and 4-h UH are shown in Table p-6.31(a) Table p-6.31(0) Tine [ER [S-cuve [SeCuve [Secuve [DRM of [Ch UW im) [UH | addition |ondinaie | ondinies | 2em cin | ondinate fom) |e) [tinmm)—|Iagged by | mm) | eam Fours a ram) ‘copyrighted Metra” “Adstonal sowee mere sumpied wet he ook, Enarestng [os 03028 2 [05 la Tos 5 025 fo 03/025 ato 05 0.25 s so : [ T 5 2a un 7 Ti ty S.Cuwe ‘Tie th) —* Sa Tie th) — Fig.p-631la) — S,Curveand 4h UH of Problem 631 632 Time hy [DRA due 19 3 [DRA die io em [DRA doe w 5] Ordinate oF MER (inn) | ERGam"s) cm BR Gn es) | nal. DRH Gn ms) , 300) 0, 7 0 300} 300, 0 0 300) 0, 0 S00 S00, 3 7 S00 sto o 0 300 300) “copyrahtes Matra” “Astonal rezouee mses unpleg won fhe book EnonaeingDiehargs in is , 1. 2 2 4 ose Tine th) —> Fig. P-6.32. ERH and Resulting DRH of Peoblem 6.32 ‘90 min = 15 Ing time y= 06 4." 0681.5 03h 1,)=01125+ 090= 1025h 38 Tos Tye 261 Ty=267 x 1.025 = 274 hAsay 2.75) (i) The DRH due to 40 san in 1S in om the watershed woul bea angle of Baye width = 2.75 h Peak = 4x 2008 = 81.92 mits occurring at T= 1.025 ram the sare of the e,-2004. 20.8 ats om (635. Since the oninates are given al uneven time ineeval by interpolation the ordinates Of TUH are assembled at regular interval of one hour: Caleulaions are shown ia ‘Table p35,‘Table 6.38 aT ROR THO 9g. of ine | at) | oar taovet | ongea | SU” oy” | Volume of Ih UH ~ 716 (hous) = 716 3600 m? MA Ataof schmea ik «A 10" 1/100) Srekmn TA 2 3 CHAPTER 7 as) CCachinent aes. A= 120 a= 1.20 a? ByEQ. 72, Qj=(196) x03 x40% 120=40mls ‘The Kipich formula (Es, 7.4) gives 019470775 =0.01947 (1250)"” x (0,001) = 67.48 min From given data maximums inteasiy of ainfll of $0 year vewrn pesiod and of raion 67-48 ein is by sterpolaion, i = 90007 ment wasien, ByEg.72, Qp=(H3.6)x 02 «20 «00.07 looms Referto Fig.P-73. The contributions ofthe aot would be as follows: 1" hour: 1:7 enw in on 2 our: 17 em inon Band A 3!hour :1-7onsh sain on Cand Band 1.28 enh rina A 4 hour: 17 em/h rin on Band C and 1.28 cmb rainon Band A. S*hour :1 emi ein on Dand 1.25 com ain on C. Band A ‘The discharge at the end of vatious nintevals ate caleusted by the Rational formula OR U1R6) x03 eAsuelo, | ea oh ‘asa aod 2 sane | aaa T2278 en zasi| e076] 4st] avez] taso ‘The peak te of nino is 194652 ms and occurs ate end oF 4” how. 74 From Table 7.Na\Texth ASG 20 EE 10% © ass aos 070 065 Weighted C=C. = (085 x 0:52) + (0075 x 0.2) + (0.70 X0.18)+ (0465 0.10) = tes ine 8S Ise 0760) OF (RG) 0.688 = 85.08 ms 5. The peak How from the areas: y= (UBB) xB CL = 16877 mis Op =(U36)*75%C1= 2083C ims Ge= (1/36) IWC i= 2.778 Ci mis Gem (V3) ID CF=.38RC ms “The contributions ofthe various sub ares at differen tes ae shown lows time | meat | pura Taio or taco. a, |» fae Joe | tora Yat | aH a [1 A 5 ta | esse | rect | sare | ooo | raat £ Ges _[-a300 [ese | o7ae_[ 4186 | 25551 + at [rviae [Hees | 2598 7 obs | 6588 = “Total poak low =DRH poak + Base flow = 269,38 4 4250= 301.88 ws “This peak occur atte end ofthe $* hous fo the start of the toms 46 4, = Manna: Area A= 20ba=0.2 km: T= 25 years aration D = tine of concentration =20 min =0.333 8 fag = asa ‘er “foaas 030i" Os (1986) 0.25 01.2 150 2.08 ans 15 ewh= 150 meh17 Equivalent runoff coetficit C, a 025:20) + 0.1610) 0.4060) 100 Area A= 100k = 1.0 em? By B47 9) ie of concentration J, = 0.08987 (K) Since Ss and a= [cso Ves 1 xOmI9#7 G36)" = 484 nin = 0.064 39705" fo.806+0.15)" RaikFlow 0, 94IB.1G.i4) AEST cag 7a) Reterng oF. 78(0) = 25683 {67520.968 = 6.978 = 69.78 mh Location ABCD Lamia) 0-5 30 28 Fig. P-7.8.a) Isochrones ‘The time of travel fen = fn. =25 min, Dividing BC and Ad in five parts the Smin iervlisohrones are showa in Fig. P78 (a) (by For $~ ai rain area contributing to low at Si Ase (1/3) (1808) 480 = 680 me {Qye2 08 xLTHC100 > 360091 6750 ©0105 is Similarly Qyo= 2 0, =0.210 mis (jis teachin 5 min: Qyois reached in 10 min: je remains constant up to 20 min Then onwards it decreases exch 20 3t1= (4a, + duration of 30 ia ‘The idealized ydrgraph is shown in Fig P7.8(b-) - 7 e “rime xnin) Fig. P-7.b-1) DRH for Sin. Rainfall For 30 min ain = 3 hin. Qy= 0:8 x [11.00 3600) 5 (1505 450) = 1.08 ms ‘The entre area conuibutes tthe peak runoff 1.08 mis. The peak oecus at 30 ‘min. As D = 40 min. te peak will ein constant til = 40 min apd ten Onwards Aeoreases for anor {= 30 min to each zero al t= 70-min, ‘The icelhred hydrographs shown in Fig. P-7 8b),isa (na) TAL @) pret -C-ph=1—(-0. = eat (bo) Foran occunence o at least nce ia 20 years pial (1p) =1-10.057"= 060. Probability that the event will not occur in next 20 years= tp, . to ae a Te 0g? 388 Fig. 7.862) DRH for 40:min, Ral ts a9 alas, Maximum area having. 1. 10a wed (ABCD and (A'B:C°D in Fig. P79) 38 Ae (02) % 150% 300 » 22500 (Qj 02» [100 x 3600] x 22500 » 0348 ms 500 312 In. En TAT DL ata bs aos 10s was 20 os Nor ow om 35 1000 6907253 0402 1.1285 36121 4S 1000 6.907255 05463 1.1819 S501 S$ 1000 6907255 95801 I.16s1 $4420, We 60 1000 6.907255 95821 1.1787 S410 65 1000 6907255 05835 1.1903 $3832 TAR (a) N= 13 year, From Table 7.3 (Tet) fo Fig.P+7.9 Catchment & Isochroves of Problem 7.9 yreeln, TCTs Kk and 5, 710 (a) p=0025 (@) Foran occurence of at eat once in 20 years Values of sy ar cleulated for various F values as below Tyan] [| | 0 [saora%s | aaqera | OTe100 | seaores | axasose | ama Ko 03194 03617 0.4806 Taoo [eacrars | career | ears er 3727137674 38882 certo) SAB S880 7730 (©) Log Pearson Type 3: The values of variate ‘various ood magaitue a n Table 7.13) Table 7.1306) ‘Year [Food x [e= Tog ise] 3010 | 35085 1868 [ 150 | 30885 [ise [ “aes ‘ee6 | i7a0 | sea 1s65__[ 1360 [32635 | og are calculated for 0 38 pe T9859. In ITT giving T= 98 your 1972 33685 ‘ence a return period of the design flood is 100 years. We see we a ine seen iow DIGI nT. 9, =018552 mand aya EtKe,, 6, = Coeff of sow = 01318, Vales of & for C= 20395 are ad fom Tae 30 1680 KoA) Se cTex, Vues andy ae eluate by wing Es, 72 7 26a re qe 20377 sends ‘aes Tyan 501001000 Nene yy = K 20% 229 30m Ao, yrs ta. Kee 0316303515 o4Tas sotoses e 3m 3768238800 sr(ms) $296 $823. 7588 a6 (©) Lon Normal Distribtion F=340703 mils, 9, =015582 misandC,=0 Lo es ‘Tyears wD 100 1000, Hence yy = 4.56366 ass asm 300 die pressions etaloo a8 7 =96A years, say 100 years Log Pearson Type 3 distetbution: 2S1O mimo, =0.162 mY% and C, = Coelh of skew =0.70. Values of for C, 0.70 are read from Table 7.6 Text). Vales of rand xe ae calculated by using gs. 7.25 and 7.2 ae are given below, Tyee [90 | 100 | 300 | 1000 X Zao | ISM | Aa | TOE Ker 3a | 0457s | osmaT | OKRUG Taees | Ros OR | RTS rials) [794 | 928) 1077 | 1486 Log Normal Distribution Ee2510m"%%, — oreO.162 misand C= Tyee] 30] 100) 20) ] 1000 K Bast | 2306 | 376 | 00 | Ker ‘OamT | O37a8 | OTT | 5006 Tan | 2asce | Romy | 30106 carimlsy [66 | TT) «Bae | WmRs Tye Q — araleg@ 50 1000 $0000 2.261 200 15000 4.1760 2949 mp cdiKe, 117609 = 242.899 0, 2261 a, 8, 2025585 and E =4,000-(2.201 025599) = 3.4213 720 ‘When T = 1000 years K. = 3.670 sy = BAD1B + (3.610% 035598) = 4.36064 (@=antlog 27= 2863 mis sy 22950 m'A Log morena distribution: C= 0, = 20054 (or T= 50 years fom Table Fook Text Zap 32736 4 ( 2084013097) = 3897 (Gio anilog cy = 7896 ms Log Pearson Type 3 distribution: C2007, K-=2091 (foe T= 50 seats fen Tale 7.6 of Tex) Zope 37736 + ( 2091 2013037) = 3.90864 Gio amilog 2 = 8103 mts River Ganga: N=O2 yous, F=6437 mI, 09) =2051 ws From Table 7.3 (Text OrN=92 years ¥, =0:5589 and s5= 1.2020 r 100 11000 » 460009078 kr sae S285 fa 163s 22008 420956208 1098 1910 fled, Hey=196 1903 2876 IS TRERiver Varnuna: Ne=Sd yeas, From Table7.3 (Tea forN=54 years r 100 ” 44.5000 Ke sans * is bavi hiR® SS Pores 982 wy 21082 ve 1343 TQ we EK, B5= FH Ken. 35s T+ Roe, Kw Rader, and E ADT mI, op = 360 mis S801 and 5, = 1.1667 1000) 6.9073 sass 23985 6.3829 2019 20556 sz 12 o 728 (1-50) = 06882 and rom ig, 1) 2 100 ye8F, Ky 9073-6001 2.3072 Kise Kien 230 Goon A3S = 23072 «51, Dion = S67 wks N=20 years FE Ko, + Kio, 1000= F4 Kyo, (Kino Kod, 40 (1) and, = oo sa sin =-tin, init 24.6001 and. pve ttm 52 = 35019 aa ars .eo01 0532 Seno Kg SO 03.6503 _, = 20019-05352 _ sons Tana (Kiso Ka j= (36833-30257) 6, = M0 1, = 1400 6276 = 223 is 1200 F4+ (86533%225) giving ¥ =3KSm% 62136-05362 0 3854 (5.1034 4 223) = 1520 he S10 (Calculation of Design Storm= ata 7.24 Caeuition of Design Storm: ruse [Cum [raw [O° Trt | a | iats | aor Pane A | xn | inert erpathee | (mia 12. | Design ine [oe | FER Toten [EES | aenign —amese | SIDE OF | a=" ee Gy” |reiat | mem [mur | 2767 | Sequence ie” | Dear ee ts I (cm | em ows) | som ito | 10 se ear ae |e ae at_[-205_| 2 yoz[ 18 [a & i 26 ae [sao [98 zs] 18 —| te a | a0 80 ae-[ se0-[ 28 [tae [toa [20 [te | 88 a] [ars 40 a [35 a sa [80/30 ae 0 ss o T a 28 a a 108 18 ‘a i ite a Note: CoL6 wreversed sequence of OLS Infieation toss =0.15 emi = L8 om per 12 bowrineral Calelation of ood Hyrogrph Caleltion of lod Hydrogragh Execs Ranfitof Deian xcs nal of Daina Stormiem) sit cn) ar nl. of Base | Fol tio ane | Food fom | Bydrogranh Tine | en thee | pdogranh ty)_| (ms) iy |“wy | 20 [sales] 26 | gw | emi ‘© Cl 7 [i] —20 5, see [ao za] as 0 a [-8.0-| 50] a 0 | tas 0, se [-ars-[ rs [0] oa] 0] a 0 38_[-90.0-|—e0| [sa | 90 20 | — ee 2 ¢—[o.g [40 ae [eee | ie a0 | — a ‘3 ae [ tos —[—a0] ae | tae] — ae | 20] aso 0 eto | ae tast ret eo a fa [et ap ae) aa) aoa 2 = ef eta) ae ae o = 3-3 a] ar a 50 225 @)oasar-a-2, sea Faye » ay MD) min Dn 2 et at jb 1, Ga-2)_1 D ta 2" oa Foe age values of 1 aa ~(2.71908) ‘= 1-03678 = 06322 7.29 R= 1200s and o, = 650 ms Roliaily &, = 009 0.95)" T2975:29 = say 975 years w= 34 Ke,, 053623 in 2S Is = 6881025 K2s7046 1200+ 45:7046)¥6550 = 4908s Retobity R= 085 (1-2 1=247 years For using Gumbels method: rom Tables 73 and 7.4, for N= 21 years _ 58073605282 L066 8520 + 1.657966 3900 = 26636 ms, say 26700 ms 26100 ms: Caf= 13x 25700 = ATO ms ‘Safety margin = $8710 ~ 25700 = 8010 en's KChapter 8 8.1. Goothich Meth is usd for outing, By Ea 8.7 E U1 +0) = 40,) A time intrsl f At= 3 hours = 00108 Mis chosen. Following table fs prepared ies (ry SMO g cat) Boo wes 480 S889 wo? 550 rolss bo? 60 S26 M12 66 77200783 m2 79 is sT80 we? 8B 16 aW9 + Q);and Blvation vs @ curves, For an inal reservoir elevation of 30.00 the inflow hydrograph is outed through the reservoie cin Table ps. Goo eth 4 = Shows = 0.0108 Ms Tine Tieraiee [O [rim [ety ase 9 | asiaeg ear | th oho 9550 soo, 0.900, 3 fae wso_—[ ozs [300.30 120 6 [a i073 | 1ie7d | s0008 [e760 iz [ss esas | 301.7 | 5328 ne vases —[aorat—[a026 | (He. ‘taba [ stn. 08 [29.30 zie iieba [ator [zz este oto Fig PS ) Base plots for routing by Gondrich Method ‘The flaw and outflow hydrographs are shown in Fig P-8.1(b). The variation of elevation with tie i howe in Fig, P81).Tei ‘Fig, P86) Reservoir WS Elevation vs Outflow 82. Goodrich Method is used for routing. time interval of t= 8 hours = 0.0108 Ms Seen for aa . Tima Hour) Fer [rei [acts [evan <0 [avaove | ttm [osm Fg. P-&A() Ino and Ou Hsdrographs wt Saintes Les ee Tat ee Te fees Paso Fao [sa — [re — [seas —[ ass [0128 [asa $7 —[sa—[s [eas [nar [6 [soa sa Lea [we [ates [narra Taran Lass ie [se [te [ata [rst 018 [a st tea — [er — fries — Hass tao Las ate [as [tras [rattan ee Tas Tana Tinga T0008 LasTine ou ig, P8210) laflow & Outow Hiydrographs a Eo Fig. P-82 (b) Variation of Reservoir W-S. Elevation with Time 83 Goodrich Method is used for routing, A ime terval of AL= 6 hours = 0.0216 Ms {5 ehosen for rating Q= 18H" e's Sten) 038 Ds a) eS aims) Bo ie) 3 so Be wa ‘non [asa -@ [asanee a iis oe oe to ‘et io [aes sia S— eet re fey tae fat100 1 . es a “oma” Fig. p-8a) asic plas forevuting by Goodrich Method “Tepe Fig. P8306) Inflow & Outflow Hydrographs mo . 10 = 2 « ° ‘Time hours) Fig. PS.) Variation of W.S, Elevation in the Reservoir ~ Problem 83. Peak Outflow = 8520. Aiteouation = 480 ars "levation of reserva W-S. a peak outflow = 6238 m84 Changoof W'S. elevation: 101.000 100.50. A5= 100,00 m's T= l00m/sconstan. ‘At AS (Average Q~— Average 1) = 100000121510.) 16 sesonse=2 425 min 85° S22 hours = 72005, ‘Average discharge = (18 +2513 1S wits 2Ndt = (72000 +3600 y A200 10 5.93 = 10y 294 /+O= 104 I8y Tee [ig [det | asin -@ [easier | yim [EMV | , 3 To a [an —[o 2 [ets Tina Tans Totoro Toe [en [oo [ear [ane7 [1-78 [eon ze_ [1778 ee SL zr] sr -a78 [sia T 20 [pozab_[ 2808 ig [ea [st aa tage Tp at gato i [at [esate faze [ate [aoe'ts [tar 4 [ia [8 994 T5508 haf eov ar far ve [35 [ ets | aa85 [4s [arse [3576 ie [va [er Teta 10 [var [eo ar ears 20_[e —f2r_—_[ 493 [26s ——[o-ae_[auoa8_[.75 ales [612 Tan1aTo.sr_[awar [678 slo Ts is [ase laa [oor Loe ° 5 8.6 Forstorage routing, 0 15 “Time (noure) ig. P-5ib) Variation of Reservoir WS. Flevation with Time ahs, ay (0.405) 2 2 20 25 30sie Semester By KQ:4 0:40 =1, d- 0402+ K 0, DUKA) = 1, Bt QIK 42) u ¥y or —9 hha, Ch, +00, wy 200 ey ew Ge =o Gade) Q=04 1, +080 | aa @ et 7_losa te 3. 9 foe on 0 [16 Tena cose [saz Tenge 7_—_[8 {5709 [eso go [29 | 5906 [3906 25 [10 [aoe [308 1s [6 | zia0 [gaan se 1888. oo 76 oo fae aaa EZ] Fig. p86 Inflow and Outflow Hydrographs 87 me ehows ‘Asa fis wal x= 02 is selested and values of [31 + (1-x) QE are caus and plotted agnint vals of Sin Fig. P.7. As 2 lope curve is obained ther rts have 12 Dermade. ler vial and extora value of x = 0.3 is taken a inal value asi sives a ncaly sleight ine. Thebes iting straight line is ¥ = 0.0902 M+ 17.194 with R* = 09047. The verse slope =K = 1008, say 10 hours. Bee: WSs eae tine |e |g average fa |S = co j4n¥e [im ao |a-95" [ios [za [xeo2 | xaos, o—[20 fan fo o o_fax [a0 6 tao lav tes — [sa [1a ‘a 32 Toe 1 [aio [so [reo 00 [eo e00 [az [oe 18 [200 [168 —[p0 [128 — [en se00-[168 [+77 za [215 [oo fas [ses fais. 3805 [203 [204s 301170 [a Tao [138—L. eso | aaa 8bas oa 38 12)__[-40_—_| 495 | 479 10 | fas [as [aes [6 105 Fae a FF ° cs 1990 1100 2 200 Storage S (nian) Fig. P87 Determination of K and x for the channel reach Ke 22h and x=025 Take at 12 hours C= 22025140512 joao [email protected]) (05210) (225025) (05412), 22-2.028) +1051) x= 10-0022 + 05111) = 0.4661 Rowling equation sO: = Coh + C, 1+ 630) si pea 89 Time hour) Fig.P-88 Inflow and Outflow hydrographs of the reach From Fig. 88, Peak lag = 24 hand atemustion = 35 ms (3840. WA~(38.4:0.28) 105 x00 (38-410.28) (0510) 3 HE02+OS~O) C= 10-0253 + 0.449) =0.808 Routing equation is Q;= Gol+ C)1)+ Cs Qswe 0253 1s | O49 | 0.804 a = 6 au ‘a fist [at a aera 3 niet [osar 8.10 K-80 and © §0- (80402541034) 1800.25) 105x8) © F9-(80x025141054) C= 10-40+05)205 Rowing equaonis B= Cole # C114 GQ=05 1, +052) Time [tr @ Be [lath (MS | | hey Tea i [Heo [am — [ooo Te Tana [e.0 [400 Trae te [20 [rs00 [ross [asso aio [1280 [as Tass [180 foun Piast [zee S11 K=100hand x=0.Take At= hous (05.3) (53) © “Tos0sa) “T00+05.3) 1.0 -(0,1304 + 01204) =0.7392 Routing equation is Qe= Cols + C1. + ©: “Copyrighted Materia” “Adatons|resouce mates 1304 0.1304 1) +0.7392 oped wih the ook Engneerng Joaso x o 10 [01208 Jones au im’) 300. spas [788 31751538 ers Tita srs 17: ars 1380 812 Ke9Shandi,= 700. Tbe oa) ep 5-05 C= 93.03=70 Routing equations 0 auebo, Cub +C2Q1= 0101, 40.90 0, 12278 AJLO=2.784, mis CCaiviation of TUM and - UH are shown in Table p-8.12, Table p-8.12 Bee am) simi ot ave, tanh Bee a) om be 2 90> 009 a0 0a oon 900 1 1900 2780 278 900 278 000 2 tem fase ass 280 fear 278 8 2m S6e0 898 1176 1732 ta07 4 460012610 428) 580 2EtD 1782 ee eee ee . mer var wis "Copyrighted, Materia” inate of UHL foe 4 Tie att cata] * teas a) 200 a0 2B 138 tees 792 mse iste a 27 wage ats faz 2021 ‘atonal rgowce matoral supped wth the, book Expnectna2 6 wie 1328 zor ca eae ra2k K=10.0handx #0, t= 3 hours and x 0.5 een te a Gace oss ocean -@)- rine [ing [eae ave [ema o 10.00 igo eee = -— ee a Ie ae & rag.00_ [6.0 4162 | a ae a ieee ee a7 te an aa S105 P88 916 582 1387 815 in Table p-& 15. Mulplying ut in enh by (273 area ofthe cachet) Hee K= 60 andn = 40) Fan=Ted)=%=60 aninemi= —eu6ye a eer 278 116)"6 ‘Values of us) in en Fr various valves of rin buss is shown a 3 hours interval 1380 the alae ofa in mvs obtained. 816 Time en) | tie | ayy in| ae) i o ms ltr fem [mis 5 a foaes fe 3 8 .oesee 20 1 ‘oe is [oaarad ‘e.00847F 21 [.sesoe7 ‘au 2s [oases ‘001788 20 Joana 0.000066 enti =0 8500 =Ugg aaa into Tink oo Ag peak WK = (1) 0 5= Kiord) 1 os wt wae Maya trl 1 iS al HEY Tare =Tae ‘ m= ing et 817 ByNathmmdst ey et Here X= 1.69 8 and 3. Area of Catchment F(a) =T483)= 236136013) P1a)= 0897471 Fa 208m incr 1 aie 50 kn (Grom Table. 6(Fext) (eh 69) eer Bee 2K) hy ene 73170 = (14) + (14) Kee (2 1 11) K=4Dandn Tay=133} 20511169) 6 1) nfs = Ei em 2.78 2.50 = 695 x a) ner Values of ut) ae caleubted for various t values. Values of utt in ms ate lagged by [hour an ordinates of I UH are shown ol 50 Table 98.17 thin cra = wKye lt 07s226(e14)%e ua oh in m= 278 x 100 x pin em = 20.91(4/8)*e"* ble p-.17._Calevation of 1h UH by Nash Model wo | bkour UL Time foi | ue a lagged by | (mis) oy [terms Jiro | Rout” | cot + oat Dea aon 0.8 4 ——[o.oea [25 397050 [1208 2 [oss ss.130_| e557 [aves & Toso iaa.20 | or2n? —[r00r3 6 [oar [ar 120 [ose [6675 3 [ass [ass [ease — [sear 10 [0.035 [24.610 [ 34.500 [2078 819 Caleulation of Wy and ie ‘Time Ju in| Time [wig in cy [ms fay [ms @ eke z ze jean [ieee [en | bara [16.008 [30 | 1 782 1a [reo [32] 1270 ia [as [| ie [12255 [ae ns 1g [sor [ao | 0.300Tublep-8.19a) SRL | noe Timah) Jer | aes a a 5 = [se fal [ma 1 ze e162 In Table 8.19 (a) Col 6» rst moment af the incremental aca about the origin» Col. 4% xCoLS] Col. = Col 4 x(Col 5)" (Cal.§ = second moment ofthe incremental area abut its own centoid WIE) x (Cal 3) Cal. 3) ‘My = (Sum of Col. 6/(Sum of Col) =919.8/82.2 = 11.19 Mi: = Kum of Col, 7) (Sum of Col) H(Sum of Col 4) = (14248 8+ 246 8182.2 173s Caleulation of Moy and Mos i se. 7 Taverne ‘second | sosina ‘a, | OF ate ‘Nomen. | amen tine | Ba | erat | nat | nee | Morent | rest [fea | Pan = Int ints) fg) ares arm momenta) | ofa i fo fo 6 tae Te ts a0 [i@_two—feo——[e Ee 3es83_| 1a [see fas [is Tas scao00 aor ze 80 [374 Tar —[arves{ sessou [oraz sa 80 1350 27 spat | vaase20 [5000 [ss_[ieo [200 fe sen fs im hate Tae. 2016 51 [rao | ar2t20 | 60 ste far — finiteness [Terns Toes aan arasen [nein In Tablep-8.19 04 (Col 7 = First moment ofthe incremental aes of DRH about he origin = [Cal Cols} Col. $= Co. (Col. 6 Col, 9= Second momen ofthe isremental area of DRH shout its own centr =| W/12) x (Co. 4}*x (Cal 3) (Suh of Col. 7S of Co. $) = 2210008798 = 25.18 ‘Sum of Col, §)+ (Sum of COL9)YiSum of Co. 5) (98725944 26384)8778. =728.97 Determination of» and K 1K = Moy My = 25.18-11.19 =1399 May Ms =a (ae]) K-42 mK (nk = (2K) K+ 2 10K) My Hence 128.99 173.34 (139085 (1399) K 4 (2961389 11.19) Wee fO8213.99 © 338 and = [3995.35 = 418ot 93 ba os CHAPTER9 ‘Weight of water drained by gravity = Voluie of water drained = A790 = 0.817 x 1? ms = 16.34% 1225745 10" mi 5 ~ 12257 = 7749 liters: WE of soils = 93 N Specific yield = 1038175) os -93)0760) Deesty of slids = 997 (3.7748 3 10") 105-97 «8 224682 Nin Relative density of voli = 246429790 = 2517 = (450 —30.5y2000 = 2.75 10 (a) Q=2000 x25 x 30 x2.75 x 10 “=4125a'eday () NAS 12753 10300) = 4417S. Va = 42h 6 6 x60) 944d 10" mls Vou NVaw02% 18444 10° = 3.889% 10°*mis: F085 x04 = 0020238 ; REVIT =00182m¥5= L92ems S= rior) y= 9. 8b 107: B= 1B, = 2205) em? (2 1/R, = 17800 em = 1.2821 108 rid (a. lara.) O32e43455010-° RefertoFig P95, V, =Vsin? =Vsin30! AIL A10 (0 ASTAIO™ ose =-00112 = 3! S85 10" a 9. 81x 10" wf0.32 x 4.5488 x 10°"+1.2821y 108] x 30 = A816 x10" i= Bivation of Water table a 57000 1.581 156.459 96 NORTH cate. 15900 © al 2 east ot: E1090" ‘Gt: £19900 WT EL 18700 wi E,19809 Fig. P95 Problem 9s Refer to Fig P06 Fig. p96 Problem 9.699 os ‘Rofer to Fig P0.7. The Now is rma wo the staiiaton. Hence, EL d0+L+50) k (00 +1-+50)_ Hh/K) I, E , 10 “ox so a BOHe ioLst1 Q=0.8 mils = Ve tnld) 1.97 V=0-707 miday = K.1= K,x (20412040) Fig. P98 Problem 9.8 “ rh lee | IL Vice [Sissi | is 99 RefertoFig. P-9.9, lischarge per unt kegth of gallery y= U0 15=25m Goss velocity v= KU =0.267 miday Actual velocity of scepage = Vj = Vi = 0.26003 = 0.889 may ‘Time to travel 1= (150000889) = 1687 days = 46 years2 we RE ne ee et iy = Senet Solsine Ore, hig 5.196 m eon ft — 2b 35-9 (6210) x40) 3 —$§je100+5 0 ona 913 (6x10 )x(a00y! oo 25-9. 3 1 0.06 day wide [Negative sin tdieutes Now i (9 dieetion) Ge RL qo x 13400) 0106 » 0.18 maylen width y= 120m, =90m, L=400m, K= 1S eday 49. 104 mia in (12°91) _ 2099 -(27372 0.007875) S810 4000 , £51249) & 2 4000 aL 1.0842 m'edayi wide [Negative sin indicates aw in» dieetion) 5.48 10400009) - 1.0882 t= RL a= 108 may with 2K, A) resaSm 2218 208-10" IS Ww(3s0r0.15) =0,0422 m/s = 2532 terwninate ete A= 35 miday = 35124 60 x 60)=-4051 % 10" ms 300m; r= r= O40 mY ( Dee AOSI- 104303 @ =0.0286 ms = 1716 Lm 1n(30070.10) oy G2, IO/0.10) _ apg © GIncs007020) 5 shange in disharge = 9.5% increaseous 916 on oy ‘changin dhe «100% nse oo Stes 0350 ‘Fohng nhs = 0% dere ek einai 4 (0 Se 880-03) ibo0-" ior) 2120 ah 1 ay Seepage veloiy = dr_ 29a FR ae 300 $0=250m 2 0.000234 (25. ors), ii, Depth of water abl at the pumping wel is) ~Ww30.07150) * Solving A, = 19:46m Drawdown atthe pumpin 948 Q=21001.pm =0.035 mts ek =(210°-200°) 1n(90/30) Ingtr intrstn) _ (200 n(300/0.19) _ gg999 G10) —@o07"iats0.0/300) Solving = 1822 m Drawdown athe pumping well = 5,» (25.0~ 14.23) = 10.98 m 919 K=001em/s=0.001 avs 1OLps =0.01 ms asm fh =10.0m, 5) =0.15m no, = 720015002 100 whet _intaind Wok de) hg = depth of water Table at Point then (a7 G00)" __1n(av0%0a5) Go788y'=100" ~1n(25080.5) Salvin = 10853 \09187 (©) dio =median size=25 mm =0.0025 m LV ef) = 0.0025 > V0 o oot ‘ int A: =25 mand V=2 = 001 __ 5.005 x 10° mis Aton A: 1=25 mand V= 25900-5905 10° ms 2500 (Ras 2500 5903 10° = 0.0148tot B: += 40 mand V=—2 = 99" _ og by 0% els AUPolnt Be = 40 and Y= 325 = 982.6 1 (Roux 25000 3.67 x 10° = 0.00017 ing well: r= 0,15, and v= 2 = O01 AtRemoine net 19 0.15 lV 5 Op" ace nasTan (6 » 10° as 50x 1.001 x 10° = 2.683, (Rae 920 Q=600Lpm=001 ms f= a5 m. Ts $00/0.228) fy Qu Qu _Im(s00/0225) Q, OT inc3N0/0.15) ~ Qu) =0.95 001 =95 x10" ms =S70.Lpm kos 1 G0") = 910105 ms = 278 may 92 00 922 K=001 cm/s=0.000 ms 0.000130" = 18) aie 1 = 00268 ms = 2908 wrday We) Teka” 923, O= (2; 001 ms and Qs = 0.483 ms 924 uit Qs = 001 mls and Q: = 0.08, 913 WwO2C ayy W317 In(oo6sTe) ‘On aolving In C= 8.6988 and-C = $995 For adrawdown of 60 matthe well, 0, 450-44) ,1n5995%0.01/0.85) DOT (S0"=4T) "1959950, 70.15) 46, $9906 LIL 973" 3996-70,” 8 3996:70, Solving by trial and emo method, Qy= 0.0052 m'¥s = 1512 Lym, 10 = Kuh =) Oo iRny 2K -B) SHEERS BT cam $55, In-709 Wd” inc 59015 ‘On solving In C= 7.8602 and C= 2608 SW) ww2608 0028410) inq20on 0025/0205), 1)o 926 ogg 2kUS 90%) _ in (2008 0.025710) 5106 x 10-5 ms =3.03 miday 088 448 1868 mlday fe) = 2000Lpm=0.033 ms fonas = 735100510 "44s (2608 <00383/0295) — 4x 15.67 and drawdown atthe puriping wel (R= 26080 “When Q; = 1500 Ipm = 0025 es, ‘When @:= 2000 Ipm = 0033 m's, Aw 2 n(ash ~15.904m" E43 Isai 43h 250? <1963m’, ty=25m 4 a, 5 19.43 25 46-3 mh fin aly H= 1130-11570 130 m Him 1130-11460 240m Ass anea of well= 30" = 7.0686 ne 4 Oe Kull = 2.167 275 896m" 927 a= Falsof =12.566 0? Replys ae, Hee 1, =W0mig= 13338, Hy=25m and tty=25-18=070m a git : Kt 2d sossare Ky 0462509517 = 10m = Kall = 120x302 360m, 928, “The drawdown is plotted aginst time on semi-og paper, Fig, P-9.28 rom this igure: he. rom Ba. 9.58 (Teste 5 = aasite, From ig 9.7 Tet(69~24)« 22 22x 10° ls = 108 melay 225e1 22610-5180 org got ($0)seuss 0.0008) «100)! 225.235 Ol Emly A532 ‘neste a 930 931 Q=4:532 «5,925 x 10" =0.0268 m¥5-=263 p= 1611 Ipm. (2= 2000 pm = 0.0833 m's S=0005 T= 480 m2iday = 0008555 nis o om ust ES G.0y 30.905 mi, F0.05555 «3600 Wag) = 0.5772 —In625 10°) = 8.9059 oases (i) y=30m 4 =8h=288005 oy" 0005 Fen .0ssss «28800 0.5772 I 193125 x10) 0388 bday rs am, 70312810" s.98s36 906m Os@mms 0016607 ms See ee Ts mm = one? loom B= 288008 23 dO xO 33,10 4m, ~Toootie7 «28805 Wha) = S772 ~ In(B.343 x10) = 4.2103 1 nar AT Fan x 0K081667 Drondovn <= SW) 0.9, the trap cficeney = 10 CoL 5 is teaverage isp eficioney ina sep Gol 6 #8 the volume of sediment deposited ia the reservoir por year dung the event represented by the step, Col.6 = 0,15 x(Co}, S100) (Co. 7 isthe time in years required fil the capacity represented by the step. ol.7 = Cs. 21CoCHAPTER 10 o.go323 Sich 10,1 Khosla's forma: @, = = 0.0817 Mone? }year 3009" a 4.17 bam 00 sp. hoyeas eka Formula: @, = 22%887. <9.1032Mnrknyear Jontekaes Fomuls Oy = eines 10.32 hi kmiyeae 102 In Lm’ oF sediment volume of solids =(1— pm where = proiy vohumne of water = pa weil of solids =850 =(1-p) 32.48 1000, Hence p= 0.679 ‘Weight of | of semen deposit = (1 ~0.679) «265 x1000-+ 0.679 x 1000 1350.4 679 = 1529 kee 10.3 ‘The unit weight ide) of seservoir sediment deposit is given by Eq, 10.1 as Pay, + r+ Pew, a We Bacar, + a.togr y+ Peso, + atogr > B (WB, logT 100) Here, fering 10 Tale 10.7, valves of coefficients > nd Band WW and W, ate found an introduced int Ea, 10.11 obtain pa=38 a0 py w, = 22 490 14 35 205-4 6i9¢7 +42 661 +96. 11067 = Reso 1+ (5 208+ 1oiogT = (961 +96. toe) 199654-4404og7 1014 By use of Bg. 10.11 and Table 10:7 25 2 st w, = 25.1490 +21 0185 43.390) 10009 met = 1539 kein? Accuracy of prediction 10S BY Eg. 1012 Wo= Wy 0434, 1100 = W, +266 Similarly [200=W) +K x29919 On Solving K'= 60,26 and Wi 939.7 say B40 kala erage unit weight atthe end of frst year _Atthe endo 100 years Whur 05025 || Maa} 1160 kein? . ff 2y nr} woos bse For T= 10-yeas, We Wis 04343411094 (ln 10)-1] By Wy #062808, For T 220 yeas, Wae= = Wis + 0.9124 8, Wy Wi = 0.2838 8 = 600 5M1= 100 ‘B= 100.2838 » 353.36 Weg = War 12008; Wee- Wp = (1.2908 -09214) 8, =0.3601 8, Wee = 600+ (03604 383.36) = 780 kp? ‘Anno sediment inflow = 0.18 Min Ina capaity = 50 Mr? and ial capacity = 0.7 $0 = 35 Min. Calculations are shown in Table P. 10.7. These stp of BC = 8.9 Mo? In Table P.107 Table P. 107 ‘rvoaae | Volume ‘capi Tiap_| Tap” | Seamen | Tineio jori's| ac | on _| Og | pores | dnVoas 0 oie] — ton 45| 55] 0863] — eben] goa] —ovaai | — 9358 [re 01.52 Cold isthe tap ficiency comespondiag to Cl value of Col. 3 calculated by wsing Eg (10:10) Note that for C> 07, the ap eiiency = Col $ is he average ep efficiency i a step Col. 6 isthe volume of sediment deposited in the reservoir per year during the ‘vent represented By the sep, Co. 6 = 0.15 (Col, S100) {Col,7 Is the time i years equied wo il the capacity represented by the step Col = Cal. UCOLS,08 os ‘The sum of the time periods represented by Co. 7 is the time required tof the capacity by ES Mn". Thus the tual time required to reduce the reservoir capacity by 396 is T= 101.52 yours = Say 102 years ‘506 rection in votume © 9000072» 45000 harm ace esas e000 am, Sediment Avsage | Deposiea | Tmo to pac tae | "Map | per | tae S| ac fticeney | eticncy | yearns | in jana | arm | cn |g i mh | Yes S000 0B | 2a 81000) 0203] oi fes| want | ear | ea e000 ser] —giget | via] eee] ea sto | ogo | —as#9 | —aez0t | sara | —sao7 | —te9 eee 2 Say Cold isthe trap efficiency comesponting to CA value of Col, Sealulited by using 64 Laci) + 101-8 (Col is the average rap efficiency in a step Col. 6 isthe volume of sediment deposited in the reservoir per year during the ‘event represented bythe step. CoL = 600 »(Col. 3100) (Gol? is the time im years request il the capacity epresente by he sep (COL? = Col, 21C018. ‘The sum of the ime periods represented by Col. 7 i the time requ 4 fthe sapacity by 45000 hem, Thus the foal time required te reduce the reserir apacty by 505 i T= 2:8 years = say 88 years Water Vield = 2660 x 0.40 = 1064 Moiese ‘Tova sediment inflow per year = 360 >< 2650 = 09576 MITivese Trial J: Assuming a dy unit weight of 1.1 Thm ‘volumsof sediment iniow per ysur = 0.870MIn'?ycar, ‘Taking tap efficiency as 1.0, Approxinate time for 40% loss of capacity = say 170 yeas Trial 2: Using Table p10, Intl uit weight Wr = (180 0.20) + (1185038) +¢ 7370.45) = 991 ke = 144 Tonnesin? Box (PB PB. + Bs By)= (0-+(0.38 43.3) +(O45 x17 A= 92.285, veratenausaetn|{2pr9} |= 12L13 kgf? = 1211 Tonoest? ‘The calelaion for estimating the tine to fill (0.4 360 = 1.44 No of capacity by sediment i performed in abl for (Table P.10.9 1). doi r-s08 Prien 10 wage | Volo! | Tine capacty trap | vrap |Sedement | tie = tiseney | etter | Depastd | goin | ac | cn ||| peryear | ves: 360 osm | esa sz[ a0} 201] — se baer] aa aes [05 | oda] oss) —as.s2) 0 ran| sa | Ho | a5 | aes | gees | ae | 0799] 00 Trew 188.66 Cold ihe trap efficieney comesponding to Ci value of Col. 3 calculate by wing 1g, (10-10) Ths Co = 6.064 (C3) +101.38 (Col 5 isthe average rap efficiency ma step Col. 6 isthe volume of sediment deposited in the reservoir pet year during the ‘vent represented bythe sep. Ce 6 = 0.9576 (Co S/100V/1 211 (Col 7s he time in years requited wo il ue eapaciy se pressed by the sep. COLT =Col. C15, ‘The sum ofthe tine, periods represented by Col 7 3p the time rsd 10 the capacity by 144 Mn! Thus the total time required wo reduce the reservoir capi by 40s Ty» 1949 years say 195 yeas, Since the value of Ty ilfers From the assumed vale oF 175 years Further tals 19 refine the value of We, are necessary. ‘Third Tri Take Toy = 198 years Wo 1044 4 2.285) | [98 ios} — ranean 0 [Sui 12165 kg! = 12165 Thrmes/Men?ele P1090) Prem 10.9 Fina id tae? Saas WS pate rm [tS soe] we ‘ el eines ee be eer | i z ny 2 pws a3 eee Vea t Soares a Ta RN Fr= BSS WH a wae Pete hoe dow are alr c mn eneee ee _ sation se ee 10.10 The flow duration curve is siawn plotted:on a semi-log paper in Fig.P10.10-ta) ee eet aor Fig, P-10.10(b) Suspended sediment Rating curve f conus tetera ten ai seme saute aarp of Rak . {ol aup (010, mefoowi ep 00mm r i abe i 1 2 3] «4 3 6 7 i ws Scart : — oe |antmen | eso | mast Pc EERE | ova fioon| Bihan | Seams |r” | ers se |e a a | i a [an aE sa} — | Te ae | wan ties |—te : _ a ae eae eesti Poem mo ‘symone 65 Fe P:1010 How Daron Ce i oe a ‘econ aing cerned on opener owe. P4010 =| se Be 7s) 1870.5 Né eH i ‘tTol |—2eav0] 39032] “ota! Sosiment Lona 25708 Table P0.10: The foal expested man daily suspended seliment lod is 24278Tonnes obtained as the sumof Col vals, (Over one year, suspended sediment loa yield is = 365 x 24278 = 88614707Tonnes= say S86 Millon Tones ‘Ths suspended sedmect Loa yield = 8, $6Milion Tones yar Red iad tat 108 of suspended Lod yeld) 0.10 x 886 = 0.886 Millon Tonnes Total sement yield = 975 Millon Tonnesyear (G) Water Vield: Mean daly yield = 318.32 earnee day ‘Amal yield = 365 «318.32 = HGIRG$ cumee days = 1161868 (60 xt0x24W10" = 1003.9 Mion Considering annua was Average concentration of Suspended Losd . Sa0010" GoM 10 > -(RATIOD = my 875 pats per millon (gpm) by weight 1.11 nel pesersoir capaity = 180 Nim Final reservoir capacity = 0.65 ¢180= 117 Mm! _Amountof sediment deposit = 63 MTonnes Firsrnat of average unt eight ‘Assume aunt weight of L0 Ti Vols of total seient deposit 63 Man? Assuming 4 atio >0.70 throughout, rap efficiency r= 100% ‘Approximate time requzed to il 85% of inal eapasty = GNB.0 = 21 yea ‘Assume T = 21 yearsto calculate Wy Second Teil: Using Table 10-3Tes. nal uni weight, = (1490 x 0.20)+ (L040 « 0.30) +480 x 0.50) = 850 kn 50 Tonnes’ Bee (PB + Pa Bs + Py By)=10-H (091.31 (0.5% 256.3)]= 135.54 kg! By Bg, 10.12 worsens [{2n2]~ 995 kgim’ = 0.995 Tonnes ‘The calculation for estimating the time to fll 117 Min? of capacity by sediment is performed in tabular fom (Table P1011) ‘Table P1041 Votume | Time Capacity Average | of | fll c ‘trap | Trap | Sodement| Se a, Efficiency | Eticieney | Deposited | in Mm’ | ac | cn |" | peryear_| Year) 180 0.48 [966 | | | 1nd] 38) 0.40 [95.9] 9a | SHIT] A Tw] 20, 0.35, 95.1] 95.52 | 2.870002] 69) 13s] —1s| 0.1 | 944] 94.77 | aasai0s | 52 ui7] | 020 | 040| 0425 | 2eaones | 38 Say In Table PO, Col. | pives the capacity of the reservoir. ‘The dacrease in the capacity du 16 sedimentation considered in stes.(Steps need not be equal) Col 2 ste decrease incapacity between two suecessive steps (Col3 isthe Capacity Inflow ratio at he beginning of the step.Col3 = Col. 1 400 Cold isthe tap efficiency coresponding to CM value of Co. 3 calculated by using (10.10) Tak Col = 6.064xla1CoL.3) 10148 Col Site average trap efficiency in step (Col 616 the volume of sediment deposited in the reservoir por year during the ‘creat represented by the step Col = 300 xiCel, $/100095 (Cal 7s the timelin years require fil the capacity represented bythe step COLT =Col, 20013. ‘The sum of the time periods Fepesemted by Co 7 i the sme required to fl the capacity by 63 Mim. This the lta ime required to redace the reservoir capacy bby 384 is Tay = 2.9 years = say 22 years Since the value of Tdi from the assumed value Of 21 years by avery small value Tip= 23 years can be adopted.2 From the given elevation data calculate the corresponding bight above the bed level of 300 52 m as shown Table P-10.12. “Table P1012 eight bation Ccapacty in| above bod (oA) | foam) | e236] — Toe Tia] tas ‘ea 18|—I5s2] as] 386 ‘Sees | —e672[—vae| 7 “Seos|—tgiar| exer | 03 ‘Sesen|—seeee| para | bat 3645 |—8is85| —isiba| 798, ‘e097 | —e7eg| zen | eas Plots top — toe paper the height shove bad ab ordinate aid the capalty as sess, Fig P1012, Draw a best fing stightthmuph the pleted points amd measure te slope of the Tne wing linear sale. The slope ithe valve of m amd is found toe 3.2 | : nis 3 1 10 100 1000 10000 Gapacity (ha-m) Fig: P-10.12 Determination of factor Table P-1013 shows the computations. H1= 512.06 —35052= 16 3hm Ta Table p03, Col2 = Elevation in meters C13 = Onin! water sic se pve lovin ina Col= Onna! eseroircapacity in asm ol =Ineremental height m) Col6 = Fleigt above orginal bed clevatin Gol? Relative depih p= WH = Col 161.84 Col8 = Funct A, calculated by Eq 10.1336 4, =2.487p""(U~ py" ‘Atal and esor Procedure is aopied. The level upto which the reser i flly covered by sedincet atthe end of 25 years taken ah 365.76 ma po Oe int Ben, This would be the new datum forthe be of the seseroir at he end of 5 Sears AU this level: Ay=0.6217, Onginal reservoir rea =A. = 468.0 CCoctictent forthe fst tial )= Ky = 36406217 = 585.4 Golo) = Represents K A, = 585-5x Col forall clevations higher thn 539.0 m This column represents the aa covered by sedimentation a paula level and hence caled Sediment are. ‘nulative values of Col =CoL10= Inerementl sediment volume between two successive elevations ‘calculated as (average area x inererental dept, CCoLtt= Accused ecient volun aig om 2460 hey a .965.76 1m. eno 25 year ‘The ln valve in Ca. 10s eine a8 92041.2 him wheres the given sediment data indicates deposion of 92250 basm in 25 years. This indicates the calultions are very near he Topia inal values and since te eifference i very sight requies only mie canecoon. Tiss Jone by sweating Die coefficient Ke "Thus for second tal Kye Hi =92280 595.4 Vales of hit wt i LOTS 56.4, Values of ths Sond til vith S868) a sown in Colt 1, 12a 13 Second Trial COLI? = Revised Siment ach with Kj=S868 Revised incremenal sediment volume with Kj=586.8 Revised accumplated sediment volume with K=586.8. Note that this tral improves the result considerably and the accumulate scm volume at EL. 365.76 m is 9223 baa, The difference between thes and the piven valve of 92250 fami les than 0.1% apd hus his Aistbuion could he taken final values. inal Reservairarea dstbuton atthe end oF 25 year. inal Reservoir volume distribution atthe cd oF 25 years. alae reservoir elevations aftes 25 yeas "Nowe tat the aew bed level ofthe resevoir at the en of 25 years is 465.76 . Uh Pad seattle one sme mason boson”10.14 Original capacity at El. 124.97 m= 42710 ha-m. Sediment accumubation in 10 years = 10 000 hai, H= 124.97 97,53 = 27.44 m Fiest iriat: Assume sedimentation up ta el, 105,76 m, this gives fi = (105.76 — 97539= 821m Aq = 411,16 bu, Vo = 1171 Vs = AWH — fig) + Vo = 41116 x27 44 — 8.2) Given sediment volume [(10,000-8077 770,000} 100 Second trial; Assume sedimentation up to El, 106.68 m, this gives ha = (108,68 - 97.53) = By linear interpolation A, ‘This value is practically samme as the given sediment volume = 10,000 hare and hence no further trial is needed, The distribution of the sediment over the depth of the reservoir is shown in Table P1018, ‘Table P10.14 Distribution of Sediment by Area Increment Method Now Basi Elewntion= 106.58 rea alvor soyears 10 yeara