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Water Budget - Lecture 1b PDF

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132 views24 pages

Water Budget - Lecture 1b PDF

Uploaded by

dzikryds
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1

Lecture 2

Water Budget

2/28/2013
© Assoc Prof Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan/2012 CEW 541
Cathment Area
• Water Course at a given location

• Drainage area=Drainage
basin=Watershed=Cathment Area

• Separation with neighboring areas= Divide

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
Tributary

Divide

Outlet Sungai Kulim


(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Water Budget

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
Water Budget Equation
• Mass Inflow (Vol)-mass outflow (Vol)=
changes in mass storage (Vol)
• Vol expressed as average depth over
cathment area
• Exp: Catchment Area = 10km2
• Annual Stream Flow = 107m3
• Vol = ? SF/A

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
THREE GORGES Dam, China

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Water Budget Equation
• P-R-G-E-T= S

P = Precipitation or RF
R = Runoff
G = Net GW outflow
E = Evaporation
T = Transpiration
S= Change in Storage
All in Unit Volume over Catchment Area
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Calculate WBE for the Lake
• Water budget equation for the lake:
• Input Vol-Output Vol = Change in Storage
• (Avg IF* t+P.A)-(AvgOF* t+E.A)= S
• 1 month = 30*24*60*60 = 2.592*106s
1. Avg IF* t
2. Avg OF* t
3.PA = Input due to Rainfall
4.EA = Loss due to Evaporation
5. S
6. Z = S/A
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Worked Examples

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Monthly Rainfall

Monthly Average
Inflow ?
?m above datum

Monthly
Evaporation

Monthly Average Ourflow ?

Lake area= ?

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503
2/28/2013
Applied Hydrology

(c) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Shanker Kumar Sinnakaudan CEW 503


2/28/2013

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