Additive 096 m17

FAO JECFA Monographs 17 1
CALCIUM SILICATE
Specifications prepared at the 80th JECFA (2015) and published in FAO

JECFA Monographs 17 (2015), superseding tentative specifications
prepared at the 77th JECFA (2013), published in FAO JECFA
Monographs 14 (2013). An ADI 'not specified' for silicon dioxide and
certain silicates including calcium silicate was established at the 29th
JECFA (1985)
SYNONYMS Silicic acid, calcium salt; calcium silicon oxide; INS No. 552
DEFINITION Calcium silicate is an inorganic substance that is a hydrous or anhydrous

substance with varying proportions of calcium as calcium oxide, and
silicon as silicon dioxide. It is prepared by various reactions between
siliceous material (e.g. diatomaceous earth) and calcium compounds
(e.g. lime, calcium hydroxide).
Chemical names Calcium silicate
C.A.S. number 1344-95-2
Chemical formula xCaO · ySiO2 · zH2O
Assay Not less than 50% and not more than 95% of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and
not less than 3% and not more than 35% of calcium oxide (CaO),
calculated on the ignited basis.
DESCRIPTION Very fine, white or off-white powder with low bulk density and high
physical water absorption
FUNCTIONAL USES Anticaking agent, processing aid (filtering aid)
CHARACTERISTICS
IDENTIFICATION
Solubility (Vol. 4) Insoluble in water and ethanol
pH (Vol. 4) 8.4-12.5 (5% slurry)
Test for calcium Passes test

See description under TESTS
Test for silicon Passes test

PURITY
Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Not more than 10% (105°, 2 h)

Loss on ignition (Vol. 4) 5.0–14.0% on the dried basis (1000°, constant weight)
Fluoride (Vol. 4) Not more than 50 mg/kg

Weigh 1 g of the sample to the nearest mg, and proceed as directed in
the Fluoride Limit Test (Method II).
Impurities soluble in 0.5 Lead : Not more than 5 mg/kg

M hydrochloric acid Arsenic: Not more than 3 mg/kg
TESTS
IDENTIFICATION TESTS
Test for calcium and Prepare the test solution as shown under method of assay. Analyze
silicon calcium and silicon in the test solution by ICP-AES technique (Vol. 4).
Set instrument parameters as specified by the instrument manufacturer,
use the analytical lines for Ca (393.366 nm) and Si (251.611 nm).
PURITY TESTS
Impurities soluble in 0.5 Extract 20 g of finely ground sample under reflux conditions with 100 ml
M hydrochloric acid of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid (spectroscopic grade) for 30 min. Let solution
cool, then, filter through a 0.1 μm membrane filter. Wash the filter twice
with hot 0.5 M hydrochloric acid. Combine the filtrate and wash solution
in a 200 ml volumetric flask and make up to volume with 0.5 M
hydrochloric acid.
Determine arsenic using an AAS (Hydride generation) technique; and

lead using an AAS (Electrothermal atomization) technique. See “Metallic
impurities” in the Combined Compendium of Food Additive
Specifications (Volume 4).
METHOD OF ASSAY Weigh about 0.5 g of the sample to the nearest 0.1 mg, in a platinum or
nickel crucible, add 5 g potassium hydroxide and 2 g boric acid. Mix and
melt completely using a torch burner and allow to stand at room
temperature. Place the reaction product along with crucible into 150 ml
hot deionized water in a 250-ml PTFE beaker and dissolve residue by
agitation. Wash the crucible with hot deionized water and remove it. Add
50 ml hydrochloric acid and transfer the contents into a 250-ml
polypropylene volumetric flask. Wash the beaker three times with hot
deionized water, transfer the washings to the volumetric flask and make
up to volume (Solution A). Prepare the test solution by diluting Solution A
with 2% hydrochloric acid. Analyze calcium and silicon in the test
solution by ICP-AES technique (Vol. 4). Set instrument parameters as
specified by the instrument manufacturer. Use analytical lines for Ca
(393.366 nm) and Si (251.611 nm). Read the concentration of Ca and Si
in sample solution (as µg/ml) from respective standard curves. Calculate
the calcium oxide and silicon dioxide content of the sample on the
anhydrous basis using the formula:
1.399 C 250 DF
CaO % 100
W 10
2.139 × C × 250 × DF
SiO2 (%) = × 100
W × 106
where
C is concentration of Ca or Si in the test solution, µg/ml
W is weight of sample on the ignited basis, g
DF is dilution factor (dilution of Solution A to test solution).

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FAO JECFA Monographs 17 1

Specifications prepared at the 80th JECFA (2015) and published in FAO

DEFINITION Calcium silicate is an inorganic substance that is a hydrous or anhydrous

Chemical names Calcium silicate

C.A.S. number 1344-95-2

Chemical formula xCaO · ySiO2 · zH2O

FUNCTIONAL USES Anticaking agent, processing aid (filtering aid)

Solubility (Vol. 4) Insoluble in water and ethanol

pH (Vol. 4) 8.4-12.5 (5% slurry)

Test for calcium Passes test

Test for silicon Passes test

Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Not more than 10% (105°, 2 h)

Fluoride (Vol. 4) Not more than 50 mg/kg

Impurities soluble in 0.5 Lead : Not more than 5 mg/kg

Determine arsenic using an AAS (Hydride generation) technique; and

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