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Parametric and Nonparametric

1. Parametric statistics make assumptions about the underlying distribution of data, such as the normal distribution, and include tests like the t-test and ANOVA that assume normality. 2. Nonparametric statistics do not make assumptions about the underlying data distribution and can be used when the data violates assumptions of parametric tests or when sample sizes are small. 3. Nonparametric tests are distribution-free and can handle ordinal data, while parametric tests require at least interval data and assume variables are additive and populations have equal variances.

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220 views2 pages

Parametric and Nonparametric

1. Parametric statistics make assumptions about the underlying distribution of data, such as the normal distribution, and include tests like the t-test and ANOVA that assume normality. 2. Nonparametric statistics do not make assumptions about the underlying data distribution and can be used when the data violates assumptions of parametric tests or when sample sizes are small. 3. Nonparametric tests are distribution-free and can handle ordinal data, while parametric tests require at least interval data and assume variables are additive and populations have equal variances.

Uploaded by

Ralph Jay Baylon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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KAREN JOY BAYLON

PARAMETRIC AND NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS

Parametric Statistics
Parametric statistics are any statistical tests based on underlying assumptions about
data’s distribution. In other words, parametric statistics are based on the parameters of
the normal curve.

A parametric statistical test makes an assumption about the population parameters


and the distributions that the data came from. These types of test includes Student’s T
tests and ANOVA tests, which assume data is from a normal distribution.

A parametric statistical test is ones whose model specifies conditions about the
parameters of the population from which the research sample was drawn.

These conditions or assumptions are:

1. The observation must be independent.

2. The observation must be drawn from normally distributed populations

3. The populations where the samples are drawn must have equal variances. This
condition id called homoscedasticity.

4. The variables involved must have been measured in at least an interval level of
measurement.

5. The means of these normal and homoscedastic populations must be of linear


combinations of effects due to columns and/or rows. That is, the effects must be
additive.

Nonparametric Statistics
As implied by the name, nonparametric statistics are not based on the parameters of
the normal curve. Therefore, if your data violate the assumptions of a usual parametric
and nonparametric statistics might better define the data, try running the nonparametric
equivalent of the parametric test. You should also consider using nonparametric
equivalent tests when you have limited sample sizes (e.g., n < 30).

Nonparametric statistics are designed for use when the data being analyzed depart
from normal distribution. These tests are often called “distribution – free statistics”.
Nonparametric statistics uses data that is often ordinal, meaning it does not rely on
numbers, but rather on a ranking or order of sorts. For example, a survey conveying
consumer preferences ranging from like to dislike would be considered ordinal data.

Nonparametric statistics includes nonparametric descriptive statistics, statistical models,


inference, and statistical tests. The model structure of nonparametric models is not
specified a priori but is instead determined from data. The term nonparametric is not
meant to imply that such models completely lack parameters, but rather that the number
and nature of the parameters are flexible and not fixed in advance. A histogram is an
example of a nonparametric estimate of a probability distribution.

References
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nonparametric-statistics.asp
https://www.phdstudent.com/Understanding-Statistics/parametric-vs-nonparametric-
statistics
https://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/research-methods/1b-
statistical-methods/parametric-nonparametric-tests

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