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Therms

1) Specific heat capacity (c) is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. 2) The formula for calculating heat (q) is q = mcΔT, where m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. 3) Examples are provided for calculating heat and specific heat capacity using the formula and given values for mass, heat, and change in temperature.

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353 views2 pages

Therms

1) Specific heat capacity (c) is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree Celsius. 2) The formula for calculating heat (q) is q = mcΔT, where m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. 3) Examples are provided for calculating heat and specific heat capacity using the formula and given values for mass, heat, and change in temperature.

Uploaded by

Ryle Arbon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Thermochemistry #2 Chemistry 3202 Name:

Specific Heat Capacity (c)


• the quantity of energy , in Joules (J), needed to change the temperature of one gram (g)
of a substance by one degree Celsius (/C).

• c values are on p. 632 (will be provided on the public exam)

eg. c for water is 4.184 J/g C°C

Formula: q = mc)T q = heat lost or gained )T = change in temperature


m = mass of object heated/cooled )T = T2 - T1
c = specific heat capacity

• You will be given all but one of the above variables and asked to find the missing variable.

Examples:

1. A student must use 225 mL of hot water 3. A 40.0 g sample of ethanol releases
in a lab procedure. Calculate the 2952 J as it cools from 50.0 °C.
amount of heat required to raise the Calculate the final temperature of the
temperature of 225 mL of water from ethanol.
20.0 /C to 100.0 /C.
Solution:
Solution: Use 2 steps:
- since the density of water is 1.00 g /mL, the - First solve for )T
mass of 225 mL of water is 225 g
- c for water is 4.184 J/g C°C m = 40.0 g T1 = 50.0 /C
q = - 2952 J c = 2.46 J/g C/C
q = mc)T
q = (225 g)(4.184 J/gC°C)(100.0°C - 20.0 °C) q = mc)T
= 755312 J -2952 J = (40.0 g)(2.46 J/g C/C)()T)
= 75.5 kJ -2952 J = (98.4 J//C)()T)
)T = - 30 /C
2. Calculate the specific heat capacity of a
new alloy if a 15.4 g sample absorbs
393 J when it is heated from 0.0/C to - Next find the final temperature
37.6 /C. )T = T2 - T1
Solution: -30/C = T2 - 50/C
m = 15.4 g T2 = 37.6 /C T2 = 20 /C
q = 393 J T1 = 0.0 /C
q = mc)T
393 J = (15.4 g) (c) (37.6 /C - 0.0 /C)
393 J = (579.04 g C/C) x (c)
c = 0.679 J/g C/C

Exercises: (Be careful with positive and negative signs!!)


1. Calculate the heat change involved when 2.00 L of water is heated from 20.0/C to 99.7/C in
an electric kettle. (667 kJ)
Thermochemistry #2 Chemistry 3202 Name:

2. Calculate the heat change associated 5. Calculate the specific heat capacity of
with cooling a 350.0 g aluminum bar titanium if a 43.56 g sample absorbs
from 70.0/C to 25.0/C. Is the change 0.476 kJ as its temperature changes
endothermic or exothermic? Why? from 20.13/C to 41.06/C.
(-14.2 kJ) (0.522 J/g C/C)

3. A 175 g piece of iron and a 175 g piece 6. The burning of a sample of propane
of aluminum are placed in a hot water generated 104.6 kJ of heat. All of this
bath so that they are warmed to 99.7/C. heat was use to heat 500.0 g of water
The metal samples are removed and that had an initial temperature of
cooled to 21.5/C. Which sample 20.0/C. What was the final temperature
undergoes the greater heat change? of the water? (70.0/C)
(Al; -12.3 kJ Fe; - 6.08 kJ)

4. A 63.5 g sample of an unidentified 7. 750.0 g of water that was just boiled


metal absorbs 355 J of heat when its (heated to 100.0 /C) loses 78.45 kJ of
temperature changes by 4.56/C. heat as it cools. What is the final
Calculate the specific heat capacity of temperature of the water? (75.0 /C)
the metal. (1.23 J/g C/C)

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