Applied AutoCAD

QUICKCAD COMPUTER
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Applied AutoCAD
3D Modeling

Written By

Robert Tin Aye

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R.T.A
Bottom Up Distributor

A(1)
Applied AutoCAD

A(2)
 Applied AutoCAD

Robert Tin Aye OD;pD;wnfaxmifaom

QUICKCAD COMPUTER CENTER
(Since 1998)

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Muaom CAD OPERATOR rsm;pGmudk þoifwef;ausmif;rSarG;xkwfay;cJhygonf/

tpOfajymif;vJwdk;wufaeaom enf;ynmopfrsm;udk rsufajcrjywfoifMum;ydkYcsay;

vQuf½dSygonf/

ajymif;vJwdk;wufrSlESifhtnD qef;opfvmaom oif½dk;rsm;udk pHepfwusoifMum;ydkYcsay;

Edkifaom t&nftcsif;jynfh0onfh q&mrsm;jzifhzGJUpnf;wnfaxmifxm;ygonf/

Center (1)
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taemf&xmtdrf&m? vSnf;wef;vrf;qHk? &efukef/

Center (2)
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r[mAE Kvyef;NcHvrf;(tv,fbavmuf) &efukef/ Phone : 243282
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QUICKCAD (2008)
A(3)
 Applied AutoCAD

Preface

pma&;olonf 2002 ckESpfwGif 2D pmtkyfudka&;om;NyD;aemufwGif pm½IolwdkYrS 3D

pmtkyfqufvuf a&;om;&ef wdkufwGef;rSkaMumihf a&;&ef&nf½G,fcsuf½SdNyD;jzpfygonf/ odkY&mwGif
AutoCAD Software \ Developments rSmwpfESpfNyD;wpfESpf vQifjrefpGm ajymif;vJwdk;wufae
ojzifhapmifhqdkif;aerdcJh&m AutoCAD 2008 wGifþpmtkyfudka&;jzpfcJhygonf/ qufvufívnf;
ajymif;vJwdk;wufaeOD;rnfjzpf&mþpmtkyfudkavhvmNyD;csdefwGif rdrdzmomqufvufavhvmoGm;&ef
vufvSrf;rSDEdkifvdrfhrnf[kxifygonf/
AutoCAD yHr k sm;a&;qG&J mwGif 2D yHrk sm;onf 3D yHrk sm;xufyí
kd ta&;yg ygonf/ xdaYk Mumihf
yHka&;qGJolrsm;onf 2D yHkrsm;udkuRrf;usifpGma&;qGJwwf&ef OD;pGmavhvmoifhonf[k tMuHay;
vdkygonf/ 2D udkuRrf;usifydkifEdkifoltzdkY 3D a&;qGJjcif;wGif rsm;pGmtcuftcJ½Sdrnfrxifyg/
pma&;ol\pmoifMum;rI tawGUtBuHKt& 3D yHkrsm;udktvG,fwul ra&;qGJEdkifaom oifwef;om;
rsm;onf 2D yHka&;qGJjcif;üvnf; uRrf;usifrIavQmhenf;aeao;onfudkawGU&ygonf/ 3D yHkrsm;rSm
2D yHkudktajccHí a&;qGJ&jcif;omjzpfygonf/
3D Model rsm;a&;qGJ&mü 3D Solid ESifh Mesh Model (2)rsdK;a&;qGJEdkif&m AutoCAD
onf,cktcg Solid Model rsm;udkydkíus,fjyefYpGma&; qGJEdkifatmifjyKjyifjznhfpGufrIrsm; jyKvkyf
vmygonf/wpfqufwnf;rdrdtoHk;jyKaompufrSmvnf; t&nftaoG;jynfhrSD aumif;rGefbdkY&ef
vdktyfvmygonf/
Mesh Model rsm;onfayghyg;í 3D Modeling Software trsm;pkwi f oH;k jyKaom Model
G t
rsm;jzpfojzifh 3D Solid Model wpfckwnf;udkomOD;pm;ray;bJ Mesh Model rsm;udkyguRrf;usif
atmifavhvmtoHk;jyKoifhygonf/ 3D Model rsm;a&;qGJ&jcif;rSm pdwf0ifpm; p&maumif;NyD;
þpmtk y f o nf 3D a&;qG J o l r sm;tzd k Y tenf ; ES i f h t rsm;taxmuf t ul jyKEd k i f v d r f h r nf [ k
arQmfvifhygonf/

av;pm;pGmjzihf

Robert Tin Aye

1-1-2008

A(4)
 Applied AutoCAD

Contents

Page

Chapter - 1 3D Fundamentals 1

Introduction to 3D 2
World Coordinate System (WCS) 2
User Coordinate System (UCS) 3
Preparing for 3D 3
Workspaces 4
AutoCAD 3D Models 8
Shademode and Shademode Backgrounds 9
3D Views 13
Ddvpoint Command 14
Vpoint Command 16
Drawing in 3D 17
Specifying Coordinates in 3D 25
Defining User Coordinates System in 3D 20
UCS Icon 20
View Manager Dialog Box 23
Plan Command 24
Working with UCS 26
UCS Toolbar 26
World UCS 27
3 Point UCS 27
Object UCS 27
View UCS 28
Z Axis Vector UCS 28
Face UCS 28
X Axis Rotate UCS 29
Y Axis Rotate UCS 29
Z Axis Rotate UCS 29
Apply UCS 29

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 Applied AutoCAD

Page

UCS Previous 30
UCS 30
UCS II Toolbar 30
3D Crosshairs 32
Working with Grips, Osnaps, Point Filters in 3D 34
Using Modifying Tools in 3D 35
Offset 36
Mirror 37
Array 38
Rotate 39
Using 3drotate Command 40
Trim, Extend 41
Fillet 43
Copy, Move 44
Align 44
Dynamic UCS for 3Dsolids 46
Stretch 47
Using Draw Commands in 3D 48
Line 48
Arc, Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon 48
Pline 48
3dpoly 50
Helix 51
Exercise - Creating a Roof WireFrame Model 53

Chapter - 2 3D Solid Modelling 58

3D Solids 59
3D Solid Entity types 59
Methods to create 3DSolids & Surfaces 60
Solid Primitives 60
Box 61

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 Applied AutoCAD

Page

Wedge 61
Cone 62
Sphere 62
Cylinder 62
Pyramid 63
Torus 63
Extruding Method 64
Surfu & Surfv variables 65
Delobj Variable 66
Options in Extrude Command 67
Direction option 67
Taper Angle option 69
Polysolid and Thicken Commands 69
Polysolid 69
Thicken 71
Sweeping Method 72
Sweep Command 76
Revolving Method 78
Lofting Method 80
Cross - Sections only option 80
loft - Path option 85
Loft- Guide Lines option 86
Converting Objects to 3DSolids & Surfaces 88
Slicing 3D Solids 89
Creating Composite Solids 92
Union Command 93
Solidhist, Showhist, Brep Variables 94
Subtract Command 95
Intersect Command 96
Interfere Command 98

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 Applied AutoCAD

Page

Manipulating 3D Solids & Surface 99

Manipulating 3DSolids 99
Using Grips to modify 3DSolids 102
Select and Manipnlate Subobjects 103
Brep Command
Filleting and Chamfering 3DSolid Edges 106
Using Solid Editing Commands 109
Extrude Faces 109
Move Faces 110
Offset Faces 112
Delete Faces 112
Rotate Faces 113
Taper Faces 114
Copy Face 115
Color Faces 115
Copy Edges 115
Color Edges 116
Imprint 116
Seperate 117
Shell 117
Clean & Check 118
Manipulating Surfaces 119
Using Blocks in 3D 119
Creating Wireframes, Sections, 2D profiles from 3D Solids 122
Xedges Command 122
Section Command 123
Sectionplane Command 124
Creating a section Manually 131
Flatshot Command 131
Solprof, Solview, Soldraw Commands 134
3D Solid Massproperties 142
3DSolid Modeling Commands 144
System Vaviables 146
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 Applied AutoCAD

Page

Chapter - 3 Mesh Modeling 147

Mesh Modeling 148

AutoCAD Mesh Objects 149
Creating 3DFaces 150
Edge Command 152
Splframe Variable 153
Creating Polygon Meshes 153
3D Command 153
Box 154
Cone 154
Dish 155
Dome 156
Pyramid 157
Sphere 158
Torus 159
Wedge 159
Surftabl, Surftab 2, Surfu, Surfv, Surftype Variables 160
Surftab1 & Surftab2 160
Surfu, Surfv 160
Surftype 160
Rulesurf Command 163
Tabsurf Command 166
Revsurf Command 168
Edgesurf Command 172
3DMesh Command 174
Creating Polyface Meshes 175
3Dsin Command 180
Editing Mesh Objects 182

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 Applied AutoCAD

Page
Chapter - 4 Viewing 3D Models 184

Viewing 3D Models 185

Vports Command 185
-Vports Command 187
Ddvpoint Command 188
Vpoint Command 189
Camera Command 189
Cameradisplay 196
Cameraheight & Lenslength Variables 196
3dorbit Command 196
3dcorbit Command 197
3dforbit Command 197
3dzoom Command 198
3dpan Command 198
3D Navigation Tools 199
View Command 199
-View Command 201
Dview Command 201
3D Swivel & 3D distance Commands 202
3dclip Command 203
Walkflysettings, 3dwalk & 3dfly Commands 205
Anipath Command 214

Chapter - 5 Dimensioning & Plotting 3D Models 217

Dimensioning & Plotting 3D Models 218

Flatshot 226
Flatten 226
Wmfout, Wmfopts, Wmfin 227
DXB Plot 229

Chapter - 6 Exercises 235

A(10)
 Applied AutoCAD

Chapter - 1

3D Fundamentals

(1)
Applied AutoCAD

(2)
 Applied AutoCAD

INTRODUCTION TO 3D

>> World Coordinate System (WCS)

Drawing Screen ay:wG i f yH k r sm;a&;qG J j cif ; onf tjrif t m;jzif h ausmuf o if y k e f ;

wpfcsyaf y:ü ajrjzLESiahf &; jcpfaeouJo f m;jzifrh l AutoCAD Graphic
h Ykd xifjrif&aomfvnf; trSet
Screen onf 3D Space [if;vif;jyifwpfckudk udk,fpm;jyK zefwD;jyKvkyfxm;jcif;jzpfygonf/
xdkYaMumifh puúLcsyfay:wGif yHkrsm;a&;qGJouJhodkY r[kwfbJ av[mjyifxJwGif vufudka0SU,rf;í
yHkrsm;a&;qGJbdouJhodkY t&yfrsufESmtzufzufodkY vdkovdka&;qGJEdkifygonf/
rnfodkYyif jzpfap 3D Space xJwGif jyifnDwpfckjyKvkyfowfrSwfxm;&dS&efvdktyfygonf/
Oyrm - Line Command jzifh rsOf;wpfaMumif; a&;qGJrnfqdkvQif Specify Point twGuf Pointer
udk Screen ay:odkY Click vkyfvdkufygu [if;vif;jyifxJ wGif rsufESmjyifwpfckowfrSwfxm;rSom
usa&mufxdawGUEdkifygvdrfhrnf/ xdkrsufESmjyifonf WCS (World Coordinate System) Plane
yifjzpfygonf/ WCS plane onf Model Space xJwGif yHkaoowfrSwfxm; &dSaomra&TU
rajymif;Edkifaom Zero Level Plane jzpfygonf/ urÇmhajrrsufESmjyif[kvnf; ,lqEdkifygonf/
WCS Plane \ txuf (ajrrsuf E S m jyif t ay:zuf ) onf tjrif h (Z) taygif ; wef z d k ;
&dSaom[if;vif;jyiftjzpf&dSygrnf/ WCS Plane \ atmuf (ajrrsuEf mS jyifatmufzuf)onf tjrifh
(Z) tESkwfwefzdk; &dSaom[if;vif;jyiftjzpf&dSygrnf/ 2D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&m ü WCS Plane udk
tay:pD;wnfhwnfhrSMunfh½Ia&;qGJaejcif;jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Screen ay:wGif Pick vkyfí
vnf;aumif;? XY Coordinate rsm;ay;ívnf;aumif; a&;qGJorQyHkrsm;onf WCS Plane
ay:wGifwnf&dSaeyg rnf/ Z tjrifhwefzdk;udkyg xnfhoGif;a&;qGJrnfqdkygu &&dSaom Object onf
WCS Plane ay:wGifomwnf&dSaeawmhrnfr[kwfbJ azmfjyygtjrifhwefzdk;rsm;twdkif; 3D Space
xJwGif &&dSjzpfay:vmygrnf/

(3)
 Applied AutoCAD

>> User Coordinate System (UCS)

3D yHkrsm;udk Coordinate wefzdk;rsm; tNrJazmfjyí a&;qGJ&rnfqdkygu tcsdefrsm;

pGmukefrnfhtjyif a&;qGJ& vG,fulrnfr[kwfyg/ Oyrmtm;jzifh Murf;jyifay:wGif&dSaeaom
puúLyHk;wpfckudk pdwful;Munfhyg/ Murf;jyifonf WCS Plane jzpfNyD; puúLyHk;onf 3D Model
wpfckjzpfygu xdkpuúLyHk;\ rsufESmjyiftzufzufwGif pmrsm;? ½kyfyHkrsm;a&;qGJ vdkvQif Coordinate
wefzdk;rsm;om azmfjya&;qGJ&efvG,fulrnfr[kwfyg/ vuf&dS WCS Plane ay:wGif&dSaeaomyHk;
\atmufajcrsufESmjyifwpfckwGifom vG,fulpGma&;qGJEdkifNyD; usefrsufESmjyifrsm;twGufrl
tqifajyrnfr[kwfyg/ xdkYaMumifh rsufESmjyiftzufzufwGif vG,fulpGma&;qGJEdkif&ef Temporary
Construction Plane rsm;jyKvkyfí a&;qGJ Edkifatmif User Coordinate System (UCS) Plane
(toHk;jyKolrS vdkovdkowfrSwfa&TUajymif;EdkifaomjyifnD)udk zefwD;jyKvkyfxm;ygonf/ UCS Plane
udk rdrda&;qGJvdkaomrsufESmjyifrsm;wGifxm;&dSjcif;jzifh yHkrsm;udk xdk Construction Plane ay:wGif
2D a&;qGJouJhodkYyif vG,fulpGma&;qGJEdkifygonf/ UCS Plane owfrSwfxm;onfhtcsdefü Draw-
ing Screen ay:wGif Pick vkyforQonf xdkrsufESmjyif Current UCS \ XY Plane ay:odkYom
usa&mufaeygrnf/
3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü UCS udk vdkovdkudkifwG,ftoHk;jyKEdkifrnfqdkygu rnfonfhyHkudkrqdk
vG,fulpGma&;qGJEdkifygvdrhfrnf/

>> Preparing for 3D

3D yHr
k sm;a&;qG&J eftwGuf yxrOD;pGm 3D ESio hf ufqikd af om Tools rsm;udk avhvm&ygrnf/
Toolbar wpfcak y:wGif Right click ESy f UCS, UCS II, View, View Ports, Visual Styles, 3D
d í
Navigations, Orbits Toolbars rsm;udk ac:wifí oifhawmfovdkae&mcsxm;yg/
Standard, Style, Properties, Layers, tp&do S nfh tNro J ;kH &rnfh Toolbars rsm;udck sex
f m;í
Keyboard rS tvG,w f ul oH;k Edik af om Draw, Modify tp&do S nfh Toolbar rsm;udyk w d xf m;jcif;jzifh
Drawing Area udkydkíae&m&&dSapEdkifygonf/ UCS II uJhodkY Drop Down List ygaom Toolbar
rsm;udk tvsm;vdkufae&mcsxm;&ygrnf/
Toolbar rsm;udk rdrdoHk;pGJaeusyHkpHwpfckowfrSwfNyD; Workspace jyKvkyfxm;jcif;jzifh
aemifwpfBudrftvG,fwul jyefvnfac:,loHk;Edkifygonf/

(4)
 Applied AutoCAD

>> Workspaces

AutoCAD 2008 wG i f New Drawing awmif ; aomtcg Startup Dialog Box

ryg0ifawmhyg/ (a&S;,cifuuJhodkU Start up Dialog Box toHk;jyKvdkao;ygu Command wGif
Startup [k ½du k í f (1) odUk Set vkyNf y;D oH;k Edik o f nf/) Select Template Dialog Box wGif Template
File rsm;rS r d r d a &;qG J r nf h y H k a y:rl w nf N yD ; a½G ; cs,f í pwif & ygrnf / Template File rsm;wG i f
ayvu®peH pftwGuf acad.dwt, 3D yHt k wGuf acad3D.dwt ESihf rufx&pfpepftwGuf acadiso.dwt,
3D yHktwGuf acadiso3D.dwt [líjyKvkyfay;xm; onfudkawGU&onf/
3D twGuf Dwt File rsm;udak wmif;zGiv hf Qif Graphic Screem ü Shade mode Realistic,
wGif Grid on xm;NyD; Isometric View ESifhMunfh½Iay; xm;onfhjrifuGif; udkawGUjrif&ygrnf/
pifppf 3D yHrk sm;onf 2D yHu k tkd ajccHa&;qGMJ uojzifh xdk Dwt File rsm;onftoH;k rwnfv
h [
S k
qdkEdkifygonf/ tjcm;taMumif;wpfcsufrSm Template File rsm;onfrdrdudk,fwdkif Settings rsm;udk
Set vkyfxm;NyD;odrf;qnf;xm;aom .dwt File rsm;udkomac:,ltoHk;jyKMurnfjzpf&m AutoCAD
\ Template rsm;udkoHk;&efrvdktyfvSay/
2D yHrk sm;a&;qG&J eftwGuf Acad.dwt ESihf Acadiso.dwt File rsm;rSmrl Start From Scratch
File rsm;taeESifhtoHk;0ifygonf/

(5)
 Applied AutoCAD

Acadiso.dwt jzifh New File wpfckudkzGifhyg/

Workspace Toolbar rS List udkESdyfMunfhvQif 3D Modeling trnfjzifh Workspace
udkawGU&rnf/

xdk Workspace udk Select vkyfMunfhyg/ Screen \nmzufwGif Dashboard ESifh Tool
palettes udz hf m;ay;onfuakd wGU&rnf/ Dashboard onf Command rsm;udw
k iG x k pfpw
k pfa0;wnf;

(6)
 Applied AutoCAD

trsdK;tpm;tvdkufpka0;ay;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ Dashboard ay:wGif Mouse pointer udkxm;í

Right Click ESyd Nf y;D Control panels udak ½G;ygu Dashboard ay:wGiaf c:wifEikd af om Command
Groups rsm;udkjrif&rnf/
pifppf AutoCAD Command rsm;udt k oH;k jyK&mü Menus, Toolbars, Command Line,

(7)
 Applied AutoCAD

Tool palettes pojzifhoHk;qGJ&efae&mrsm;pGm½SdaeNyD;jzpf&m Dashboard onf rvdktyfvSay/ Auto

CAD udk,ckrSpwifavhvmoHk;qGJol Beginners rsm;omESpfoufaumif;ESpfoufygvdrfhrnf/
Animation, Render rsm; jyKvy k af omtcgüom Tool palettes ESiw hf í
JG toH;k jyKvQiaf umif;rGeyf gonf/
Model a&;qG J a epOf ü Screen Area ud k Dashboard onf a e&m,l v G e f ; ojzif h pd w f B ud K uf
awGUrnf[krxifyg/
Dashboard udkvdktyfonfhtcg Command wGif Dashboard [ka&;oGif;íac:,l
Edkifygonf/ Tool palettes udk Ctrl + 3 udkESdyfí ac:,lEdkifonf/
taumif;qHk;enf;rSm rdrdudk,fwdkif 2D, 3D rsm;a&;qGJ&eftwGuf udk,fydkif Workspace
rsm;jyKvkyfodrf;qnf;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/ rdrdoHk;vdkaom Toolbar rsm;ac:wifae&mcsxm;NyD; Work
space Toolbar Drop Down List rS Save Current as...udkESdyfygu Save Work space Dialog
Box ay:vmrnf/

trnfwpfckay;íodrf;yg/ toHk;jyKvdkvQif Drop Down rSxdktrnfudkjyefa½G;jcif;jzifhrdrd

set vkyfxm;aomyHkpHtwdkif; Toolbar rsm;udk&½Sdygrnf/
Workspace wpfcu k kd Default tjzpftNro k Qif Work space Toolbar rS Work space
J ;kH vdv
Settings... udE f Work space Settings Dialog Box wGif My Workspace = ae&müoH;k vdak om
k ydS í
Workspace trnfudka½G;xm;yg/
jyefac:vdkvQif Toolbar rS My Workspace Button udkESdyfí tvG,fwulac:Edkifygonf/

(8)
 Applied AutoCAD

>> AutoCAD 3D Models

AutoCAD wGif -

(1) Wire Frames

(2) 3DSolids
(3) Meshes [lí 3D Model oHk;rsKd;a&;qGJjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/

Wire Frame Model onf tajccHtusqHk;aom 3D Model jzpfygonf/ 3D Space

xJwGif rsOf;? rsOf;auG; rsm;jzifh yHkzGJUwnfaqmufxm;aomrsufESmjyiftom;rsm;ryg&dSonfh Frame
rsm;oufoufjzpfygonf/ Structure rsm;udk 0dkif,meef;BudK;rQifav;rsm;jzifh yHkazmfjyKvkyfxm;
ouJhodkYjzpfonf/ Wire Frame Model rsm;udktrSDjyKí 3DSolids, Meshes rsm;udk vdktyf
ovdkqufvufa&; qGJEdkifygonf/

(9)
 Applied AutoCAD

3DSolids Model rsm;onf xktom;yg&dSaom Model rsm;jzpfNyD; vdkovdk vSD;jzwfjcif;?

Model wpfckESifh wpfck aygif;pnf;jcif;? ESKwfxkwfjcif; pojzifh yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd;a&;qGJjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
Mesh Model rsm;onf rsufESmjyif Face rsm;jzifh yHkHzGJUwnfaqmufxm;aom Model
rsm;jzpfNyD; rsufESm jyifom&dSí xktom;r&dSyg/ wGJqufaeonfh rsOf;uGef,uf Polyline rsm;jzifh
wnfaqmufxm;onf/ Mesh jzifhwnfaqmufxm;aom Box wpfckonf puúLbl;cGHwpfckESifh
oabmwl n D o nf / Mesh Model rsm;ud k vnf ; yH k p H t rsKd ; rsKd ; a&;qG J j yKvk y f E d k i f y gonf /
rsufESmjyifrsm;&dSojzifh Hide, Shade Command rsm;jzifh rsufESmjyifrsm;udkMunfh½IEdkifygonf/

3D Command rsm;udt k oH;k rjyKbJ Line, Polyline, Arc, Circle ponfh 2D Objects rsm;udk
Thickness ac: xkxnhfay;jcif;jzifhvnf; Model rsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifygao;onf/ xkd Object
rsm;udkvnf; 3D rsufESmjyifrsm;uJhodkYyif Hide, Shade jyKvkyfMunfhEdkifygonf/ xkda&;qGJenf;rSm
3D tppfr[kwfbJ 2D Objects rsm;udk xkxnfhxm;jcif;omjzpfí 2 & Half D [kvnf;ac:
avh&dSygonf/ Thickness udk t"dutm;jzifh Polyline wGif Width ESifhwGJzufítoHk;jyKMuonf/
Line, Arc, Circle tp&dSaom Object rsm;udk Thickness xnfhoGif;a&;qGJavhr&dSMuay/
taMumif;rSmydkíomvGefaumif;rGefaoma&;qGJenf;rsm;&dSaeaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
Thickness jzifhxkjyKvkyftoHk;jyKyHkudk Using Draw Commands in 3D wGifMunfh½Iyg/

>> Shademode and Shademode Backgrounds

Shade.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif Shade vkyfEdkifaom Object rsm;udka&;qGJxm;ygonf/

3DSolid, Surface, Region, 3Dface, Mesh, Trace, 2D Solid, Polyline with width,
2D object with Thickness, Solid Hatch ponfh Object rsm;onf rsufESmjyif½Sdaom Object
rsm;jzpfojzifh Hide, Shade Command rsm;jzifh tom;jznfhMunfh½Ií&ygonf/ Filled Text,
Image ponfh Object rsm;onf Hide rjzpfaomfvnf; Shade vkyfí&ygonf/
rSwf&ef/ Region Object onf rsufESmjyifESpfzuf ½SdNyD; Back Face onf Shade rjzpffyg/
Hide vkyfí&ygonf/

Command: Hide
aemufrsOf;rsm;uG,faysmufNyD; rsufESmjyiftom;jynfhjrifawGU&ygrnf/ Hide vkyfxm;aom
yHkwpfyHkudk Zoom, Pan jyKvkyfír&yg/ Hide Command udktokH;jyKNyD;wdkif; Regen Command

(10)
 Applied AutoCAD

jzifh Regen jyefvkyfNyD;rS Zoom vkyfí&ygrnf/

Zoom, Pan rsm;roH;k bJyu kH qkd ufvufa&;qGrJ nfqykd gu Regen vkypf &mvdyk g/ Hide Mode
twdkif;qufvufa&;qGJEdkifygonf/ yHkudk Regen jyefvkyfyg/
Visual Styles Toolbar rS Realistic Visual Style udE k kd Realistic Shade mode
k ydS yf g/ yHu
jzifh Shade vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ Shade vkyfxm;aomyHkwpfyHkudkrl Zoom, Pan jyKvkyfjcif;
yHkrsm;qufvufa&;qGJjcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Shade vkyfaomtcg Graphic Background
onftrJa&mifrS rD;cdk;a&mifodkYajymif;oGm;onfudkawGU&rnf/ yHkrsm;udka&;qGJ&müvdktyfvQifyHkudk
Shade vkyMf unf½h aI &;qGaJ vh½odS jzifh xdo Ykd yk af omtcg aemufcH Background udt
k v k a&mifrajymif;bJ
rlvtrJa&mif twdkif;½dSapcsifygu jyefvnfjyKjyifEdkifygonf/ yHkqGJoltrsm;pkrSm Background
ta&mifajymif;oGm;onfuEkd pS o f ufjcif;r½So d nfuakd wGU&ygonf/ tvkyv f yk &f mü Background color

(11)
 Applied AutoCAD

onf worwfwnf; r½Sdygu rsufaphtwGufraumif;vSyg/

Background udjk yKjyif&ef Command wGif Options [k½u f Options Dialog Box udzk iG yhf g/
kd í
Display Tab udEk ydS yf g/ Colors Button udEk ydS yf g/ Context wGif 3D parallel projection udak ½G;xm;yg/
Interface element: wGif Uniform background udak ½G;xm;yg/ Color wGif Black udak ½G;yg/
Apply & Close udkESdyfNyD;ydwfyg/ Options Dialog Box udk OK ESdyfíydwfyg/
Visual Style Toolbar rS Realistic Visual Style, Conceptual Visual Style wdu Yk Ekd ydS yf gu

(12)
 Applied AutoCAD

Background onf rlvtwdkif;om½Sdaeygrnf/

Hide, Shade Command rsm;tm;vHk;twGuf 3D object rsm;udk Display jyKvkyfay;yHk
tm;vH;k udk Visual style Toolbar \ Manage Visual Styles udEk ydS í
f Visual Styles Manager wGif
vdkovdkjyKjyifEdkifygonf/
Style Manager wGif Defualt tjzpf 2D Wireframe, 3D Hidden, 3D Wireframe, Con-
ceptual ESihf Realistic Style (5)rsKd ;udjk rifawGU&ygrnf/ yxrOD;pGm Style Manager rS 2D Wireframe
tuGufudk Select vkyfxm;yg/ Style Manager \atmufwGif 2D Wireframe ESifhywfoufaom
Option rsm;udkjrifawGU&rnf/
2D Wireframe Options acgif;pOfatmufwi G -f
Contour Lines onf Isolines Variable udk Set vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ vHk;0ef;aom Object
rsm;wGifaz:jyapvdkaomrsOf;ta&twGufjzpfonf/

Draw true silhouttes wG i f Yes, No a½G;Edkifonf/ Dispsilh Variable udk Set

vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ 3D Solid object rsm;twGuf Hide vkyaf omtcg Facet rsO;f rsm;azsmufxm;&ef
Yes xm;Edkfifonf/

2D Hide - Obscured Lines acgif;pOfatmufwGif 3D object rsm;\aemufzuf Hidden

Line rsm;jrifawGUaevdku Linetype wGif Off tpm; Dashed, Dotted pojzifha½G;EdkifNyD;
ta&mifudkvnf; Color wGifowfrSwfay;Edkifonf/ rjrifvdku Off wGifomxm;yg/

2D Hide - Intersetion Edges wGif Visible ü Yes,No a½G;Edi k Nf y;D Intersectiondisplay

Variable udk Set vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/Yes wGifxm;ygu wpfckESifhwpfckjzwfoef;aeaom 3D object
rsm;twGuf xdawGUonfhae&mwGif Intersect Line rsm;udkaz:jyay;í Yes wGifxm;oifhygonf/
Yes wGifxm;NyD; Hide vkyfMunfhyg/
usef Visual Style rsm;rSm Default twdkif;toifhawmfqHk; Set vkyfay;xm;NyD;jzpfí
txl;jyKjyifp&mrvdkyg/ rdrdzgom tvG,fwulprf;oyfavhvmEdkifojzifhtxl;raz:jyawmhyg/
Realictic Style wGif Edge settings ü Color 8 tpm; White wGifxm;vQiftem;
apmif;rsOf;rsm;ydkíxifpGmjrifawGUEdkifygonf/

(13)
 Applied AutoCAD

>> 3D Views

2D yHkrsm;udka&;qGJ&mü WCS plane udktay:pD;wnfhwnfhrSMunfh½Ia&;qGJaejcif;jzpfonf/

Murf;jyifay:wGif½SdaompuúLyHk;wpfckudktay:pD;rSMunfh½IvQifav;axmifh Rectangle wpfck
tjzpfomjrif&rnfjzpfNyD; yHk; \tjrifhudkjrifawGU&rnfr[kwfyg/ 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü tjrifhwefzdk;
udkjrifawGUae&efvdktyfojzifh IsometricView rsm;jzifh vdktyfovdkMunfh½Ia&;qGJEdkifygonf/

Top View Isometric View

View.dwg udkzGifhyg /
yHkwGifav;axmifhwHk;wpfckudk Top View tay:pD;rSMunfh½SKxm;onf udkjrif&rnf/ View
Toolbar rS SW Isometric View udE k ySd v kd yf gu Iso View jzifyh u
f u kH jkd rifawGU&rnf/ View Toolbar
onf -View command udktpOfoifhtoHk;jyKEdkifatmifpDpOfay;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/

(14)
 Applied AutoCAD

Command wGif Ddvpoint (od)Yk VP [k½u f Enter acgufyg / View point Presets Dialog box
kd í
yGifhvmrnf/

(15)
 Applied AutoCAD

Isometric View rsm;onf twdtusowfrSwfxm;aom Standard View rsm;jzpfygonf/

View rsm;udk SouthWest, South East, North East, North West ponft
h &yfa'orsm;rSMunf½h KS Ny;D
a&jyifnDrStapmif;axmifh 35.2644 'D*&DrSaeíMunfh½SKonf/
Dialog Box wGif 35.3 [keD;pyfwefzdk;az:jyxm;onf/ Dialog Box udk Ok EdSyfíjyefydwfxm;yg/

Iso View udkowfrSwfyHkrSm,ckjrifawGUae&aom 3D yHkudkpuúLwpfcsyfay:wGif tjym;

vdkufa&;qGJxm;aom½kyfyHkwpfcktjzpfpdwful;Munfhyg / yHk\tajccH atmufajcrsOf;rsm;onf
a&jyifnDrS 30 'D*&Dtapmif;axmifhrsm;½Sdygonf / xdkodkY½Sd&efowfrSwfxm;aom View udk Iso-
metric View [kac:jcif; jzpfygonf/
3DyHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü 3D yHk\a½SUrsOf;aemufrsOf;rsm;udk ½Sif;vif;pGmjrifawGU&efyHkay:rlwnfí
vdkovdk View rsm;udkvSnfhíMunfh½SKa&;qGJ&efvdktyfygonf/
tvG,fqHk;enf;rSm Orbit Tool jzifhyHkudkvSnfhíMunfh½SKjcif;jzpfavonf/
vufawGU Shift udEk ySd x
f m;í Mouse wheel udzk Nd y;D yHu
k v S Mhf unfyh g/ Viewpoint Presets Dialog
kd n
Box udkt&yfrsufESmESifhtapmif;axmifhtwdtuswefzdk;rsm;jzifhMunfhvdkaomtcgüomoHk;ygonf/
yHkrsm; a&;qGJ&mü Orbit Tool rsm;udkomt"dutoHk;jyKygrnf/
View rsm;taMumif;tao;pdwfudk Viewing 3D Models wGifMunfh½SKyg/

(16)
 Applied AutoCAD

Vpoint Command

View Toolbar \ -View Command, Ddvpoint Command rsm;tjyif Vpoint Com-

mand udk toHk;jyKívnf; Isometric View rsm;udkMunfh½IEdkifygao;onf/
vufawGU command line wGifatmufygtwdkif;a&;oGif;Munfhyg/
Command: vpoint
Current view direction: VIEWDIR=0.0000,0.0000,1.0000
Specify a view point or [Rotate] <display compass and tripod>: -1,-1,1

Sw Isometric View jzifMunfh½Ivdkufjcif;jzpfygonf/ atmufwGif Isometric ESifh Ortho

graphic View rsm;a&;oGif;yHkudkaz:jyxm;ygonf/
View Command onf Block Editor wGiftoHk;jyKír&ojzifh 3D Block object rsm;udk
Block Editor wG i f j yef íEdit vkyf&mü View rsm;vSnfhMunfhvdkygu Vpoint Command
udktoHk;jyKEdkifygonf/
Vpoint Command wGif display compass and tripod option yg0ifNyD;,cktcgwGif 3D
Orbit Tools rsm;yg0ifvmojzifh toHk;jyK&efrvdktyfvSawmhyg/
View rsm;taMumif;udk Viewing 3D Models wGifoD;oefYaz:jyxm;ygonf/

compass and tripod

(17)
 Applied AutoCAD

>> Drawing in 3D

3D yH k r sm;a&;qG J j cif ; ud k a vh v mrnf q d k y gu yxrOD ; pG m Wireframe a&;qG J j cif ; ud k

pwifavhvm&ygrnf/ Wireframe Outline rsm;udk 3D Space wGif vdkovdka&;qGJEdkifrnfqdkygu
3D Model tm;vHk;udk vG,fulpGma&;qGJ Edkifygvdrfhrnf/
Wire Frame rsm;udk 3D Space wGifa&;qGJ&mü -
(1) 3D Coordinates wefzdk;rsm;azmfjyívnf;aumif;?
(2) UCS plane udkvdkovdka½TUajymif;,lívnf;aumif;?
(3) Object Snaps, Grips, Point Filter tp&dSonfh Drawing Aids rsm;? Copy, Move
Trim tp&dSonfh Modify Tools rsm;udk toHk;jyKívnf;aumif; a&;qGJEdkifygonf/
trsm;tm;jzifh 3D yHka&;qGJ&mü 2D yHkrsm;udk tajccHía&;qGJ&avh&dSygonf/
2D Outline udktrSDjyKí 3D yHk a&;qGJjcif;onf tvG,fqHk;ESifh pHepftusqHk;[kqdkEdkifygonf/
Oyrm - 3D tdrfwpfvHk;a&;qGJ&ef Top View (or) Plan View ü 2D ykHudkOD;pGma&;qGJNyD;rS 3D View
(Isometric View) jzifh Munfh½Ií 3D yHkudkqufvufa&;qGJMuygonf/

>> Specifying Coordinates in 3D

2D yHkrsm;udk Cartesian ESifh Polar Coordinates rsm;jzifha&;qGJyHkudkod&dSNyD;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/

3D yHkrsm;udka&;qGJ&mü tjrifh (Z) wefzdk;yg0ifvmojzifh Cartesian wGif x,y wefzdk;tjyif Z
wefzdk;xnfhoGif;í (x,y,z) wefzdk;ay;í a&;qGJEdkifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef New Drawing wpfckudk Template File Acadiso.dwt awmif;ízGifhyg/

Oyrm - (1) View Toolbar rS SW Isometric Button udkESdyfí Iso View ajymif;xm;yg/

Command : L
Specify First Point : Screen wpfae&m&modYk Pick vkyy f g/
xdktrSwfonf WCS Plane ay:wGif&dSaeygrnf/
Specify next point on [Undo] : @ 0, 0, 50
rsO;f \ Start Point onf WCS Plane ay:wGi&f NSd y;D End point onf Z-direction

(18)
 Applied AutoCAD

twdkif; tay:wnfhwnfh 50 Units tuGmwGif&dSí 50 Units t&Snf&dSaom rsOf;udk&ygrnf/

(Top View rSMunfhygu xdkrsOf;udk tpufi,ftjzpfom jrifawGU&ygrnf/)

(1) (2)

Oyrm (2) Command :L

Specify First Point : wpfae&m&mwGif Pick vkyfyg/
Specify next point on [Undo] : @ 0, 30, 50
Start point onf WCS Plane ay:wGif&dSí Endpoint onf Start Point rS Y-
direction twdi
k ;f 30 Units tuGmta0;ESihf Z-direction twdik ;f 50 Units tuGmta0;wGi&f ySd grnf/

Cartesian Coordinate tjyif 3D wefzdk;rsm;udkazmfjyEdkifaom tjcm;pHepf (2)rsKd;rSm

Cylinderical and Spherical Coordinates System wdjYk zpfygonf/
Cylinderical Coordinates udak zmfjyyHr
k mS distance < angle, distance ESiahf zmfjy&í
Spherical Coordinates udk distance < angle < angle jzifah zmfjy&ygonf/

Oyrm (3) Command : L

Specify First point : wpfae&m&mudk Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify Next point an [Undo] : @ 30 < 90, 50

Oyrm (2) rSmuJhodkYyif rsOf;\tqHk;rSwfonf prSwfrS Y-direction twdkif; 30

(19)
 Applied AutoCAD

(3) (4)
Units ESifh Z-direction twdkif; 50 Units tuGmta0;wGif&&dSygrnf/ 30< 90 onf X-Y Plane
ay:&dS tñTef;wefzdk;jzpfNyD; 50 onf (Z) tjrifhwefzdk;jzpfonf/

Oyrm (4) Command : L

Specify First Point: wpfae&m&mudk Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify next point on [Undo] : @ 50 < 90 < 30
50 t&Snf&dSaom rsOf;wpfaMumif;udk WCS plane rS 30° axmifí Y 0if½dk; Direction
twdkif; &&dSvmygrnf/ 50 onf rsOf;\t½Snfjzpfonf udkowdjyKyg/

xdkYaMumifh trSwfwpfckrSwpfckodkY a&jyifnDtwdkif; tuGmta0;rsm;ESifh tjrifhwefzdk;

udkodvQif Cartesian (odkY) Cylinderical Coordinates rsm;udkoHk;í a&;qGJEdkifNyD; rsOf;t&Snf?
a&jyifnDtwdkif;vm;&maxmifh ESifh a&jyifnDrS txufodkY tapmif;axmifh udkod&dSygu Spherical
Coordinates udktoHk;jyKa&;qGJEdkifygonf/
erl e mrsm;

(1) f pfcrk S X direction twdik ;f 50 Units ESihf tjrifh 60 Units &daS omtrSwo
trSww f Ykd rsO;f qG&J ef
@50, 0, 60
@50 < 0, 60

(2) trSww f pfcrk S X direction twdik ;f 50 Units, Y direction twdik ;f 30 Units uGmí tjrifh
60 Units &dSaom trSwfwpfckodkY rsOf;qGJ&ef -
@50, 30, 60

(20)
 Applied AutoCAD

(3) trSww D wdik ;f 50 Units uGma0;í X 0if½;fkd rS Counter Clockwise twdik ;f

f pfcrk S a&jyifnt
30 'D*&D tñTef;t&yfü tjrifh 60 Units &dSaom trSwfwpfckodkY rsOf;qGJ&ef -
@ 50 < 30, 60

(4) a&jyifnDtrSwfwpfckrS Y direction twdkif; tay:odkY 35° axmifíaeaomt&Snf 60

Units &dSonfhrsOf;wpfaMumif;udka&;qGJ&ef -
@ 60 < 90 < 35

(5) trSwfwpfckrS a&jyifnDtwdkif; Y direction wnfw

h nfh 50 Units uGma0;í tay:odYk 30°
axmifíaeaom rsOf;wpfaMumif;udka&;qGJ&ef -
þay;xm;csufudk Coordinates azmfjyí wpfcgwnf;ra&;qGJEdkifyg/ yxrOD;pGm 30°
axmifaeaomrsOf; aMumif;udk t&Snfwefzdk;wpfckESifh (Oyrm - 100 < 90 < 30) a&;qGJNyD;
a&jyifnDtuGmta0;twdkif; jyefvnfwdkif;wm jzwfawmuf&ygvdrfhrnf/

>> Defining User Coordinates System in 3D

UCS Icon

UCS Icon onf Current UCS plane \ tajctaeud k a zmf j yay;onf / 2D

yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mwGif UCS udk &Hzef&HcgomtoHk;jyK&aomfvnf; 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü UCS onf
t"duyifjzpfavonf/ yxrOD;pGm UCS Icon Settings rsm;udk avhvmygrnf/

Command : Ucsicon
Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] <ON>:

Options
ORigin Origin awmif ; xm;jcif ; jzif h UCS ud k vd k & ma&T U aomtcg UCS icon
ygvdkufyga&GUvsm;oGm;rnf/ odkYrSom vuf&dS UCS a&muf&dSae&mudkod&dSEdkifygrnf/ Noorigin
jzpfaevQif UCS icon onf vdkufygra&GUvsm;bJ Lower Left Corner wGifom tNrJ&dSaernf/
xdkYaMumifh 3D a&;qGJvQif Origin awmif;xm;&rnf/

(21)
 Applied AutoCAD

txl;owdjyK&rnfhtcsufwpfckrSm UCS udk Drawing Area \ abmiftpGeftzsm; rsm;odkYa&TUvQif

UCS Icon udk xdkae&mwGifazmfjyay;yg&ef ae&mrvkHavmufojzifh Lower left corner wGifom
UCS Icon usef&dSaeygrnf/ Zoom ESifhcsHKUvdkufí UCS Icon Display vkyf&efae&m&dSvmrS UCS
Icon udk vuf&dSa&muf&dSaeaomae&mwGif trSeftwdkif;jyefjrif&ygrnf/

Noorigin - Norigin jzpfaevQif UCS Icon onf vuf&dSa&muf&dSaeaomae&mwGifrjybJ

Lower left Corner wGiftNrJ&dSaernf/

ON/OFF - OFF jzpfaevQif UCS Icon udkrjrif&ygu ON xm;&ygrnf/

All - (Multi -Viewport rsm;ESifhomoufqdkifonf/)

Properties - UCS Icon Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/

UCS Icon wGif 2D 3D Button (2) ckudkawGU&ygrnf/ 3D ykHrsm;a&;qGJ&mü 2D (odkY) 3D

(22)
 Applied AutoCAD

Icon Style (2) rsKd;pvHk;udktoHk;jyKolrS ESpfouf&ma&G;cs,foHk;Edkifygonf/ 3D icon wGif Z

wefzdk;taygif;zufudkñTefjyaom Z 0if ½dk;rsOf;yg0ifojzifh tjrifhwefzdk;\ tEIwfESifhtaygif;zufudk
tvG,w f ulo&d ESd ikd yf gonf/ Z 0if½;kd udk X , Y 0if½;kd rsm;ESihf ra&mraxG;ap&ef rQm;acgif;rwyfxm;yg/
2D Icon wGifvnf; Z wefzdk; taygif;zufudk tvG,fwulcGJjcm;Edkifojzifh 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&ef
tokH;jyKEdkifygonf/ rdrdESpfouf&mudkokH;Edkifygonf/
UCS Icon Size wGif UCS Icon \ t&G,ftpm;udk ESpfouf&mowfrSwfEdkifonf/
Default rSm 12 wGif&dSygrnf/ xdkxufydkíxif&Sm;apvdkvQif 15, 20 pojzifh ESpfouf&mt&G,f
jyifEdkifonf/
UCS Icon Color wGif ta&mifowfrSwfEdkifonf/ White onf Defaut jzpfí Default
twdik ;f oH;k pGEJ ikd yf g onf/ Layout ay:wGif Icon Color udk Layout tab icon color wGiaf jymif;Edik o
f nf/
tm;vHk; Default twdkif;xm; yg/ UCS Icon Style udk 2D wGifxm;NyD; Dialog Box udkjyefydwfyg/
UCS udktokH;jyK&mü UCS Icon &dS trSwftom;rsm;udk *½kpdkufMunfh½I&efvdktyfygonf/ UCS
\ vuf&dStajctaeudk Icon ay:&dS trSwftom;rsm;u azmfjyay;aeygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef View Toolbar rS SW Isometric View Button udkESdyfí Iso
View ajymif;vdkufyg/

WCS 2D Icon WCS 3D Icon

UCS onf rlvtdrf WCS plane \ (0,0,0) Origin wGif&dSaeygu W wHqdyfudk Icon
wGifjrifawGU&rnf/ (3D Icon wGif rlvtdrfwGif&dSaevQif 0if½dk;(3)ck qHkrSwf (0) Origin
wGifav;axmifhtwHk;i,fjzifh azmfjyonf/ )
UCS Toolbar rS Origin UCS Button udE f Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: wGif
k ydS í
Screen wpfae&m &mwGif Click vkyfvdkufyg/ UCS onf rlvtdrfrSa&GUvsm;oGm;ojzifh W
wHqdyfaysmufoGm;ygrnf/
3D Icon jzpfvQif 0if½dk;rsm;qHkrSwfrS twkH;i,faysmufoGm;ygrnf/
qufvufí UCS Toolbar rS X axis Rotate UCS Button udkESdyfí
Specify rotation angle about X axis (90°): wGif 180 ½du f Enter acgufyg/
k í

(23)
 Applied AutoCAD

2D UCS Icon wG i f av;axmif h u G u f a ysmuf u G , f o G m ;ygrnf / t"d y Ü g ,f r S m Z

\taygif;wefzdk;zufonf Munfh½IaeonfhzufwGifr&dSbJ tjcm;wpfzufodkYrsufESmrlaeonfudk
azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf/

3D Icon twGufrl Z 0if½dk;yg0ifojzifh tjrifhwefzdk;taygif;tEIwfzufudk tvG,fwul

cGJjcm;Edkifygonf/

rS w f c suf / /puúLwpf&Gufudktem;apmif;wnfhwnfhrSMunfhvQif rsOf;wpfaMumif; tjzpfom

jrif&ouJhodkY XY plane onf Munfh½Iaom Direction ESifhrsOf;wajy;wnf;jzpfaeaomtcgwGif
UCS 2D Icon Style udk Broken pencil tjzpfazmf jyay;onf/ þtcsdefwGifyHkrsm;a&;qGJír&yg/
UCS command ESifh View [kac:NyD;rSa&;qGJEdkifygrnf/

View Manager Dialog Box

View Toolbar rS Named Views ...udE k ydS yf gu View Manager Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/
Preset Views acgif;pOfatmufrS wckudk Select vkyfMunfhyg/ Oyrm- Left / wpfzufwGif Restore
Ortho UCS ü No ESifh Yes ESpfcka½G;cs,fEdkifonf/ Restore wGif No xm;ygu View rsm;udk
ajymif;aomtcg UCS onf rlvwnf½Sdaeaom tajctaetwdkif;om tajymif;tvGJr½Sd
qufvufwnf½Sdaernf/ Restore wGif Yes xm;ygu Top, Button, Left, Right, Front, Back

(24)
 Applied AutoCAD

tp½Sdonfh Ortho View rsm;twGuf UCS udk View twdkif;twnfhvSnfhay;ygrnf/

UCS World wGi½ f adS epOf Left View rSMunfv f m;jzifh UCS Plane onfMunf½h o
h Qiyf rkH eS t I El iS hf
rsOf ; wajy; wnf ; jzpf a e&myH k a &;qG J & ef t wG u f UCS ud k View jyef a c:p&mrvd k b J View
twnfhwpfcgwnf;vSnfhay;xm;onfh oabmyifjzpfonf/ Restore Ortho UCS udktoHk;jyKygu
Isometric View rsm;twGufrl Ortho View rsm;MunfhNyD; Iso View jyefac:vsif UCS udk World
jyefxm;ay;&onfh tvkyfydkvmygrnf/ rdrdESpfoufovdkoHk;yg/ pma&;olrSm Restore Ortho UCS
wGif No udkxm;í toHk;jyKjcif;udk ydkíESpfoufygonf/ No udkxm;jcif;jzihf rdrd Set vkyfxm;aom
UCS \ Position rSmtajymif;tvJr½Sy d g/ SideView rsm;Munfjh cif;onfyakH &;qG&J efxufyu kH v
kd n
S yhf wf
Munfh½Ijcif;twGufydkítoHk;jyK&avh½Sdjcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/

> Plan Command

Plan Command onf 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü txl;toHk;0ifaom Command jzpfonf/

UCS onfrnfonfh Position wGif½Sdaeonf jzpfap Command wGif Plan [k½dkufyguMunfh½Iol\

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 Applied AutoCAD

jrifuGif;twdkif;jrifuGif;udktwnfhvSnfhay;ygrnf/ xdkodkYvSnfhay;jcif;onf UCS \ Position

udkajymif;ypfjcif;r[kwfbJ View udkomtwnfhvSnfhay;jcif;jzpfonfudkowdjyKyg/
Oyrm - SW Isometric View wGifyHkwpfyHkudk Front twdkif;taxmifvdkufa&;qGJcsifonfqdkygpdkY
UCSII Toolbar wGif Front udkESdyfyg/ NyD;vQifa&;qGJ&mü 2D a&;qGJouJhodkYjrifuGif;twnfh
a&;qGJEdkif&ef Plan Command udkac:yg/
Command : Plan
Enter an option [Current ucs/Ucs/World] <Current>: Enter acgufygu
jrifuGif;twnfhvSnfhay;rnf/
pd w f B ud K uf a &;qG J N yD ; rS SW Isometric ud k E S d y f í jyef M unf h v Qif y H k u d k a xmif v d k u f & ½S d a e
onfudkawGU&ygrnf/

txl;owdjyK&ef rSm yHkopfwpfyHkudka&;qGJjcif;r[kwfbJ a&;qGJNyD;yHkwpfyHkudkjyKjyifrnfqdkyg

u UCS udk 3 point ESifhyHküuyf,lNyD;rS Plan ac:ía&;qGJjcif;jyK&ygrnf/ Front, Left View rsm;
twdkif; Plan ac:½HkESifha&;qGJvQif yHk\ Plane ESifh UCS Plane rSm tNyKd i½f adS omfvnf; wpfxyfwnf;
½SdcsifrS½Sdaeygrnf/ UCS udkyHkwGif OD;pGmuyfNyD;rS Plan ac:yg/

Plan

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 Applied AutoCAD

>> Working with UCS

UCS toH;k jyKNy;D yHr
k sm;a&;qG&J eftwGuf UCS, UCS II Toolbar rsm;udak c:wifxm;&ygrnf/
UCS Command jzif h v nf ; tok H ; jyKEd k i f a omf v nf ; Toolbar rsm;rS a c:oH k ; jcif ; onf
vG,fuljrefqefygrnf/

(1) UCS Toolbar

vufawGYavhvm&ef Ucs.dwg udkzGifhyg/

View menu - Display - UCS Icon - Origin wGif check vkyfxm;yg/

(1) Origin

Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: Endpoint awmif;Ny;D P3 trSwu f jkd yvdu
k yf g/
UCS Icon udk P3 trSwfwGifawGU&ygrnf/
Origin UCS onf UCS \ Origin udk rdrdvdk&modkYa&TU&efjzpfonf/
,©Ktcg Current UCS Origin (0,0,0) onf P3 trSww f iG f &daS eygrnf/ (vuf&t Sd ajctaeü
rsOf ; wpf a Mumif ; ud k 0,0 rS p qG J v Qif P3 trS w f r S p ygrnf / ) UCS Origin ud k rd r d v d k & mü
a&TU,lxm;jcif;jzifh ½IyfaxG;aom 3D yHkrsm;wGif wpfae&mrS wpfae&modkY rsOf;qGJjcif; Copy ul;jcif;
ponfwdkYjyKvkyf&mü rsm;pGmtoHk;0ifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef P5 trSwfudk Zoom ESifhuyfMunfhNyD; Radius 3 t&G,fpuf0dkif;
i,fqGJvdkufyg/

Command : Copy
Select Objects : L
Specify base point or [Displacement/mOde] <Displacement>: P5 trSwu
f jkd yyg/
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: 0,0

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 Applied AutoCAD

Zoom ESifh jyefMunfhygu P3 trSwfwGif Copy ul;xm;aompuf0dkif;udkawGU&ygrnf/

(2) World UCS

UCS udk vdk&ma&TUokH;NyD;vQif roHk;awmhygu rlvtdrf World odkY jyefxm;&efjzpfonf/

Word UCS Button ud k E S d y f v d k u f y gu vuf & d S P3 trS w f r S World od k Y j yef a &muf o G m ;rnf /
yHkrsm;a&;qGJNyD;vQif UCS udk World wGiftNrJ jyefí xm;oifhygonf/

(3) 3 Point UCS

Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: P6 trSww f iG jf yyg/

Specify point on positive portion of X-axis < >: P7 trSwwf iG jf yyg/
Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane < >: P5 trSww f iG jf yyg/

Current UCS onf P6 trS w f w G i f a &muf & d S N yD ; XY plane onf P5-P6-P7-P8

rsufESmjyiftwdkif; vSnfhapmif; aernf/ 3 point UCS onf UCS \ Origin ESifh X - Y Position
udk trSwf(3)rSwfazmfjyNyD; ae&mcsxm;jcif; jzpfí toHk;t0ifqHk; Option jzpfygonf/
tvkyvf yk &f mwGif t"dutoH;k jyK&rnfh Option jzpfonf/ rdrtd vkyv
f yk f vdak omrsuEf mS jyif
udk UCS 3 point ESifh vdkovdkuyfNyD;tvkyfvkyfyg/

(4) Object UCS

Select object to align UCS: P9-P10 Line udk P9 teD;wGifjyyg/

UCS onf P9 trSwfwGif a&muf&dSNyD; UCS \ X 0if½dk;onf P9-P10 tem;ESifh Align
jzpfoGm;ygrnf/ Object rsm;ay:rlwnf&dS UCS Align trsKd;rsKd;jyKvkyfay;ygonf/ Line, Polyline
rsm;twGuf Select vkyfaomae&mESifheD;aom Endpoint odkY UCS a&muf &dSNyD; rsOf;twdkif; X
0if½dk; Align jzpfrnf/
- Circle twGuf Centre odkY UCS a&muf&dSrnfjzpfNyD; xdawGUaompuf0ef;ae&modkY X direction
ñTefjyrnf/
- Arc twGuf Centre odkY UCS a&muf&dSNyD; xdawGUonfhtrSwfESifheD;aom tpGef;zufodkY X-
direction ñTefjyrnf/ 3D objects rsm;twGufvnf;oHk;Edkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(5) View UCS

View UCS ud k E S d y f y gu UCS onf Plan View rS M unf h a eouJ h o d k Y jrif u G i f ; ES i f h

twnfhjzpfoGm;rnf/ Current View rnfodkYyifjzpfap UCS udk jrifuGif; twdkif; ,m,D
vSnfh,lvdkufjcif;jzifh -
- (1) ISO View wGif Text rsm;udk jrifuGif;twnfha&;om;azmfjyEdkifonf/
(2) 3D yHkudk Right Click ESdyfNyD; Copy with Base Point ESifh yHkudk Copy ul;yg/ View
Toolbar rS Top View udkESdyfí PlanView odkYoGm;yg/ Plan View ay:wGif Right Click ESdyfNyD;
Paste vkyfvkdufyg/ 3D yHkudk 2D plane ay:wGif&&dSygrnf/ wpfcgwpf&H 3D yHkrsm;udk 2D Drawing
wGifhxnfhoGif;azmfjyvdkygu toHk;jyKEdkifonf/

(6) Z Axis Vector UCS

Specify new origin point : < 0,0,0 >: P6 trSwwf iG jf yyg/

Specify new origin point : < 0,0,0 >: P5 trSwwf iG jf yyg/
Z axis onf P6-P5 rsOf ; twd k i f ; &&d S a ernf / 3D Space xJ w G i f Position
wpfckckESifha&;qGJxm;aomrsOf;wpfaMumif;ESifh XY plane udk axmifh rwfcsvdkaomtcgwGif
toHk;jyKygonf/

(7) Face UCS

Select face of solid object:

Enter an option [Next/Xflip/Yflip] <accept>:
þ Option onf 3DSolid Object rsm;ESio hf moufqikd Nf y;D 3DSolid wpfc\
k rsuEf mS jyifukd
Select vkyfjcif; jzifh UCS udk xdr Ykd NyKd iaf &muf&aSd ponf/ 3DSolids rsm;taMumif;wGif
k suEf mS jyifot
avhvmEdkifygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(8) X Axis Rotate UCS :

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _x
Specify rotation angle about X axis <90>:
X Direction udk 0if½dk;tjzpfxm;NyD; Y vufwHudk vSnfhay;jcif;jzpfonf/ vSnfhvdkaom
Angle udk½dkufxnfhyg/ Enter acgufygu 90° vSnfhaxmifay;rnf/

(9) Y Axis Rotate UCS

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _y
Specify rotation angle about X axis <90>:
Y Direction udk 0if½dk;tjzpfxm;NyD; X vufwHudk vSnfhay;jcif;jzpfonf/ vSnfhvdkaom
Angle udk½dkufxnfhyg/ Enter acgufygu 90° vSnfhay;rnf/

(10) Z Axis Rotate UCS

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _z
Specify rotation angle about Z axis <90>:
Z direction udk 0if½dk;tjzpfxm;NyD; XY plane udkvSnfhay;jcif;jzpfonf/ Enter acgufygu
90° vSnfhay;rnf/

(11) Apply UCS

Pick new origin point : <0,0,0>:

Multi Viewport rsm;wGif Current UCS udk Apply vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/ View Ports
rsm;taMumif;wGifMunfhyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(12) UCS previous

Zoom wGif previous oH;k ouJo

h Ykd aemufq;kH oH;k cJah oom UCS position udk jyefac:Edik o
f nf/

(13) UCS

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: na
Enter an option [Restore/Save/Delete/?]: s
Enter name to save current UCS or [?]: win

UCS command udkac:,ljcif;jzpfonf/ (S) Save Option jzifh Current UCS \ Posi-
tion udk trnfay; Save vkyfodrf;EdkifNyD;? (R) Restore ESifh jyefac:Edkifonf/ rvdku (D)
ESifhjyefz,f&Sm;Edkifonf/
usef Option rsm; UCS Toolbar jzifhoHk;Edkifygonf/

>> UCS II Toolbar

UCS II Toolbar wGif Drop Downlist onf t"dutoHk;jyK&efjzpfonf/

UCS2.Dwg udkzGifhyg /
UCS II Toolbar \ Drop Down List rS Top, Front, Back, Left, Right Button rsm;udk
wpfckpDESdyfMunfhygu UCS udk Object \ t&yfrsufESmtoD;oD;odkY Parallel vSnfhay;onf
ud k a wG U &ygrnf / UCS plane ud k rsuf E S m jyif r sm;&d S & mod k Y a &T U ,l j cif ; r[k w f b J tNyd K if j zpf a p
jcif;omjzpfonf/ UCS plane udk oufqdkif&mrsufESmjyifrsm;ESifhtNydKifjzpfapjcif;jzifh Modify
Command rsm;udk 2D rSmuJo f pl mG toH;k jyKEikd yf gonf/ vufawGU Front Button udEk ydS v
h Ykd vG,u f u kd yf g/
UCS onf Front rsufESmjyifESifhtNydKifjzpfaeygrnf/

Command : Mirror

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 Applied AutoCAD

Select Objects : yHkudk Select vkyfyg/

Specify first point of mirror line: Line atmufajcwGijf yyg/
(Osnap Marker Tooltip Endpoint pmwef;udkomjrif &ygrnf/ xdktcsdefwGif Click vkyfyg/)
Specify second point of mirror line: Ortho on xm;Ny;D tay:zufoYkd Mouse udq
k ,
JG Nl y;D
wpfae&m&mwGif Click vkyfvdkufyg/
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:

UCS II Toolbar Drop Down List udk Draw vky& f efxuf Modify vky&f eftwGuf tok;H 0if
ygonf/ Draw vkyf&eftwGufrl qGJvdkaomrsufESmjyifodkY UCS 3point ESifhuyfjcif;onf
taumif;qH;k jzpfygonf/ taMumif;rSm Object onf tapmif;wefz;kd trsKd ;rsKd ;jzifw
h nf½adS eEdik yf gonf/

Named UCS... UCS Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ Named UCS wGif UCS rsm; Save
vkyfodrf;Edkifonf/ Set Current udkESdyfí Current jyefxm;Edkifonf/ Details udkESdyfí Position udk

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 Applied AutoCAD

Detail MunfE
h ikd o
f nf/
Orthographic UCS Tab wGi&
f Sd Presets rsm;rSm UCS II Toolbar Drop Document List
rS ac:,loHk;Edkifjzpfonf/
Settings Tab wGif UCS Icon Setting ESihf UCS Setting yg0ifonf/ UCS Icon Setting
rsm;udk Ucsicon Command roHk;bJþae&mwGifvnf; Set vkyfay;Edkifonf/ UCS Setting wGif
Save UCS with Viewport udk Check vkyfxm;jcif;jzifh Multi Viewport rsm;toHk;jyKaomtcg
Viewport wpfcw k iG f UCS udt k oH;k jyKjcif;onf tjcm; Viewport rsm;wGirf oufa&mufbJ Viewport
wpfcktwGuf wpfrsKd;okH;Edkifonf/
Update View to plan when UCS is changed wGif Check vkyfygu UCS udk
rsuEf mS jyifwpfco k aYkd &GUuyfvu
kd of nfEiS hf Current UCS udk Plan taetxm;twdik ;f jrifap&ef View
udvk n kd yf grnf/ Ucsfollow variable udk 1 xm; jcif;jzpfonf/ yHrk eS t
S yhf pfvu f m; jzifh toH;k jyKavhr&dyS g/
uncheck vkyx f m;yg/

>> 3D Crosshairs

3D yH k r sm;a&;qG J & mü Crosshairs \ Style ud k y H k p H t csd K U jyK jyif E d k i f y gonf /

Command wG i f options [k ½ k d u f í Enter acguf y g/ Options Dialog Box ay:vmrnf /

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 Applied AutoCAD

3D Modeling Tab udEk ySd yf g/ 3D Cross hairs wGif Show Z axis in cross hairs udk Uncheck
vkyfvQif Cross hairs onf X-Y axis ESpfcktwGufomyg½Sdrnf/
Label axes in standard cross hairs wGif check vkyv f Qif Cross hairs wGif X,Y,Z label
rsm;ygawGU½Sd&rnf/ Label udk X,Y,Z tjyiftjcm;yHkpHrsm;vnf;xm;Edkifonf/
vufawGUtvkyfvkyf&mwGifMunfh½SK&½Sif;vif;atmif Label rsm;toHk;jyKavhr½SdMuyg/ Show
z axis udkrlESpfoufvQifoHk;Edkifonf/
AutoCAD udkumvtwefMumoHk;vmolrsm;tzdkYrlvdktyfrnfrxifyg/ Drafting Tab udkESdyfyg/

Auto Track Settings wGif Display Auto track Tooltip wGif check vkyfxm;&ygrnf/
Object rsm;udk Ortho on xm;vQif Z-axis twdi
k ;f Direct Distance Entry jzifah ½GU,lEikd o
f nfjzpf&m
Tool tip wGif Z udkjrifawGUae&ygu Z direction twdkif;a½GUaeaMumif;odomjrifomEdkifygonf/

Display Tab udE k ydS yf g/ Colors.. Button udEk ydS yf gu Drawing Window Colors Dialog
Box yG i f h v mrnf / Context wG i f 3D parallel projection ud k Select vk y f y g/
Interface element wGif Cross hairs udk Select vkyfyg/ Color wGifMudKuf&mt
a&mifa½G;Edkifonf/
Tint For X,Y,Z udk Uncheck vkyfvQif X,Y,Z 0if½dk;rsm;udkta&mifcGJíraz: jyyg/
rdrdESpfoufovdkpDpOfEdkifygonf

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 Applied AutoCAD

>> Working with Grips, Osnaps, Point Filters in 3D

vufawGUavhvm&ef File menu -New - Select Template wGif Acadiso.dwt

awmif;ízGifhyg/ View Toolbar rS SW Isometric Button udkESdyfyg/

Command : Rec
Specify first corner point : Screen wpfae&m&mwGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify other corner point : @ 40, 30

Command : Copy
Select Objects : Rectangle udk Select vkyy
f g/
Specify base point on displacement, or [Multiple] : Screen ay:wpfae&m&mudk Pick vkyyf g/
Specify second point or displacement : Ortho on xm;Ny;D Mouse udk Z axis twdi
k ;f tay:odUk
qGJ,lNyD; 40 a&;oGif;yg/

WCS plane rS tjrifh 40 odkY Copy ul;íwifvdkufjcif;jzpfygonf/ Osnap wGif Mid-

point awmif ; xm;í tay: Rectangle ud k Grip rsm;toH k ; jyKNyD ; Y direction twd k i f ;
aemufodkYwpf0ufcsHKUvdkufyg/ Object rsm;onf Current UCS plane ay:wGifr&dSaomfvnf; Grip

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 Applied AutoCAD

rsm; Osnap rsm;ud k t oH k ; jyKí vd k o vd k w nf ; jzwf E d k i f o nf u d k a wG U &ygrnf / quf v uf N yD ;

tay:rsufESmjyif\tv,fwnfhwnfhrS atmufajcodkY Point Filter udkoHk;í rsOf;wpfaMumif;
a&;qGJMunfhygrnf/ Osnap wGif Midpoint awmif;xm;yg/

Command : L
Specify First Point : ctrl + Right click ESyf pop-up menu rS Mid Between 2 points awmif;yg/
dí
rsufESmcsif;qdkiftem; ESpfck\ Midpoint rsm;udkjyyg/ Line start point udk rectangle \ tv,f
wGif&&dSygrnf/
Specify next point or [Undo]: .xy
of @
(need Z): atmufajc rectangle \ Midpoint wpfae&m&mudkjyyg/
Specify next point or [Undo]:
3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mwGif Point Filter onf rsm;pGmtoHk;0ifygonf/

>> Using Modifying Tools in 3D

Modify Tools rsm;udk 2D yHka&;qGJ&mütoHk;jyK yHkudkodNyD;jzpfygrnf/

3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü 3D Space xJwGifyHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;wnf½Sdaeaom Object rsm;udk
Modify Tools rsm;toHk;jyKíjyKjyif&mü odoifhonfhtcsufrsm;udk avhvmygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(1) Offset

Offset.dwg udkzGifhyg/

yHk(1)wGif Line (2) aMumif;a&;qGJxm;onf/ atmufrsOf;onf UCS plane ay:wGif ½Sdí

txufrsOf;onf Z wefzdk; 20 tjrifhwGif½Sdonf/ Object rsm;\ Coordinate rsm;udk odvdkvQif
List commed jzifhvnf;aumif; ? Object udk Select vkyfí Right click ESdyfNyD; Properties Win-
dows wGifvnf;aumif;Munfh½SKEdkifonfudkowdjyKyg/ Line (2) ckudk Offset (5) tuGmta0;cefY
Offset jyKvk y f M unf h y g/ txuf r sOf ; onf UCS plane ay:wG i f r ½S d a omf v nf ; Offset
vkyfEdkifonfudkawGU&rnf/ UCSII Toolbar wGif Front udka½G;í UCS udkaxmifvdkufNyD; Offset
vkyfMunfhyg/ Object rsm;udk Current UCS plane twdkif; Offset &½Sdygrnf/ UCSII rS Left
udka½G;í UCS udkvSnfhvdkufNyD; Offset jyKvkyfMunfhygu Offset jyKvkyfír&onfudkawGU&rnf/
Line rsm;on U f CS plane ESifhaxmifhrwfusjzpfaeygu Offest rjyKvkyfEdkifyg/ UCS udk world
wGifjyefxm;yg/
yHk(2)wGif Polyline wpfaMumif;udka&;qGJxm;onf/ UCS udk Front odkYvSnfhaxmifyg/ NyD;
Offset jyKvkyfMunfhyg/ &½Sdvmaom Polyline onf UCS plane ESifhtNydKifr&bJrlv UCS plane
ay:wGif om&½So d nfuakd wGU&ygrnf/ Polyline rsm;onfa&;qGcJ ahJ om UCS plane twdik ;f om Offest
jyKvyk af y;Edik o S &f ygrnf/ xdaYk Mumifh Polyline rsm;udk Offset vky&f mü Current UCS plane
f nfurkd w
ESifhroufqdkifonfudktxl;owdjyK&ygrnf/
yHk(3)wGif UCS plane twdkif;½Sdaom Arc, Circle ESifhaxmifvQuf½Sdaom Arc, Circle
rsm;udak &;qGx J m;onf/ Offset vkyMf unfyh gurl&if; Object \ position rsm;twdik ;f Offset jyKvyk af y;
onfudkawGU&ygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(2) Mirror

Mirror.dwg udkzGifhyg/

yHkwGif Box wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ Box onf WCS plane ay:wGifwnf½SdNyD;tem;

rsm;onf X., Y 0if½dk;rsm;jzifhtNydKifr½SdonfudkowdjyKyg/ yHkwGifjyKvkyfxm;aomtwdkif; Mirror
rsm;axmif Munfhygrnf/ Osnap wGif Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/
2D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü Mirror Command toHk;jyKyHkudk odNyD;jzpfygonf/ 3D yHkrsm;udkvnf;
UCS udk vdkovdk vSnfhaxmifí Mirror Command jzifh Mirror jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/ odkY&mwGif
xdkxufydkrdkí vG,fulaumif;rGefaom Mirror3d Command udk toHk;jyKí 3D yHkrsm;udk Mirror
jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
yxrOD;pGm yHk(1)udk jyxm;onfhtwkdif; Mirror axmifMunfhygrnf/ Object onf UCS
Plane ay:wGif &Sdaeojzifh ½dk;½dk; Mirror Command jzifh omOD;pGm jyKvkyfMunhfygrnf/

Command: Mirror
Select objects: yHk(1)ukd Select vkyfyg/
Specify first point of mirror line: P1 trSwfwGifjyyg/
Specify second point of mirror line: P2 trSwfwGifjyyg/
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)udk jyxm;onfhtwkdif; Mirror jyKvkyf&ef Mirror3d Command udk toHk;jyKygrnf/

Command : Mirror3d
Object udk Select vkyfyg/
Mirror rvkyfrSD yxrOD;pGm yg0ifaom Options rsm;udk &Sif;vif;azmfjyygrnf/
Object - Circle, 2D polyline, Arc wkdYudk Object tjzpf Select jyKvkyfay;jcif;jzifh xdk
Object wnf&Sdaom Plane udk Mirror Plane tjzpf,lEdkifonf/
Last - aemufqHk;rSefaxmifcJhaom Plane udkjyefvnf toHk;jyK&ef jzpfonf/
Zaxis - Zaxis option ü trSwf(2)udk azmfjyay;&NyD; xkdazmfjyygtrSwf(2)rSwf\
Direction udk axmifr h wfusaom Plane udk Mirror Plane tjzpfo;kH &efjzpfonf/
Oyrm -yHkwGif P2,P1 trSwfrsm;udk jyygu Mirror Plane onf P2-P3 trSwfrsm;
wGif Z twkdif; axmifaeaom Plane udk&rnf/ yHkwGif P1-P2 ESifh P2-P3 onf
axmihfrwfus aeaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
View - vuf&SdjrifuGif;udk Plane tjzpf,lqaponf/ toHk;r0ifvSyg/
XY, YZ, ZX - Current UCS \ Plane rsm;udk oHk;&efjzpfonf/
3Points - trSwf(3)rSwfazmfjyí Plane wpfckudk owfrSwfay;jcif;jzpfNyD;toHk;trsm;qHk;
Option jzpfonf/
,ckqufvufíyHkudkrSefaxmif&ef - Object tjzpf Circle udk jyí vnf;aumif;
3 Points jzifh P1,P2,P3 trSwr
f sm;wGijf yí vnf;aumif;
XY option jzif h XY plane twk d i f ; vnf ; aumif ;
rSefaxmifMunfhyg/
yHk(3)wGif 3Points option ESifh P1,P2,P3 trSwfrsm;wGif jyírSefaxmifMunfhyg/

(3) Array

Array.dwg udz
k iG yhf g/
yHk(1)wGif apmif;í axmifaeaom 30 _ 30 _ 10 t&G,f Box wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/
xkd Box udk apmif;aeonhf Plane twdkif; Array yGm;&ef yxrOD;pGm UCS udk 3 Points jzifh Box
wGif uyf&rnf/ xdkYaemuf Array Command jzifh 2D wGif Array jyKvkyfouJhodkY jyKvkyfMunfhyg/
X,Y,Z Direction oH k ; zuf p vH k ; od k Y Array yG m ;ay;Ed k i f a om 3darray command
udkavhvmMunfhygrnf/

(39)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2) wGif 30 _ 30 _ 10 t&G,f Box wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ yHkwGifjyxm;ouJhodkY

3darray jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/

1 2

Command: 3darray
Select objects: Box udk Select vkyy f g/
Enter the type of array [Rectangular/Polar] <R>:
Enter the number of rows (---) <1>: 3
Enter the number of columns (|||) <1>: 2
Enter the number of levels (...) <1>: 2
Specify the distance between rows (---): 60
Specify the distance between columns (|||): 60
Specify the distance between levels (...): 120
tjrifhwefzdk; (120)wGif Level wpfcktjzpf&½Sdygrnf/

(4) Rotate

Rotate.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGifeH&Hwpfcsyfudk UCS plane ay:wGifa&;qGJxm;onf/ eH&Honf X,Y 0if½dk;rsm;ESifh
tNydKifr½SdonfudkowdjyKyg/ eH&HudkyHkwGifjyxm; onfhtwdkif;vSnfhaxmifMunfhygrnf/
Osnap wGif End point awmif;xm;yg/
UCS Toolbar rS 3 point udkESdyfyg/ P1 trSwfwGif jyyg/ P2 trSwfwGifjyyg/ P4trSwf

(40)
 Applied AutoCAD

wGifjyyg/ UCS \ X,Y 0if½dk;rsmudkeH&HESifhtNydKifa½GUvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/

UCS Toolbar rS X udkESdyfyg/ Enter acgufyg/ X udk0if½dk;tjzpfxm;NyD; Y udk 90
vSnfhíaxmifvdkufojzifh UCS plane onfaxmifvdkuftaetxm;jzpfoGm;ygrnf/
Command: Rotate
Current positive angle in UCS: ANGDIR=counterclockwise ANGBASE=0
Select objects: yHkudk Select vkyfyg/
Specify base point: P2 trSwfwGifjyyg/
Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] <0>: -90 ½duk x
f nfyh g/
yHkudk 90 'D*&D vSnfh axmifay;ygrnf/ Counter clockwise twdkif;vSnfhvdkojzifh -90 [k
az:jy&onfudkowdjyKyg/

Using 3drotate Command

yxrOD;pGm txufygerlemuJhodkYyif P1, P2, P4 trSwfrsm;jyí UCS udk 3 point ESifh
eH&Hjzifh Align jzpfatmifa½TUvdkufyg/ 3drotate twGuf UCS udkxyfrHvSnfhaxmifp&mrvdkbJ
jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ ,cifu Rotate3d command tpm; 3drotate udkoHk;jcif;jzpfonf/
Command :3R
Select objects: eH&Hudk Select vkyfyg/
Pointer wGifpuf0ef; (3) ckudkta&mif (3) rsdK;jzifhjrifawGU&rnfjzpfNyD;pufvHk;\tvnfwGif Grip
trSwfudkawGU&rnf/
Specify base point:

(41)
 Applied AutoCAD

Pick a rotation axis: P2 trSwfwGif Pick vkyy f g/

Y 0if½dk;udk Axis tjzpftoHk;jyKNyD;vSnfhaxmifonfjzpfojzifh Cursor udktpdrf;a&mif
puf0ef; udk xd awGUvdkufygu Y 0if½dk;twdkif;tpdrf;a&mif Axis rsOf;ay:vmygrnf/ xdktcsdefwGif
Mouse udk Left click wpfcsufESdyfyg/ tpdrf;a&mif Axis onftwnfwusay:aeygrnf/
Specify angle start point or type an angle: P2 trSwwf iG f Pick vkyyf g/
Ortho on íyHkudkvdkovdkvSnfhyg/ Rotate (odkY) 3drotate (2)rsdK;pvHk;udktoHk;rjyKrDyHkonf X,Y
0if½dk;rsm;jzifhtNydKifa&;qGJxm;aomyHkr[kwfygu UCS udkOD;pGmyHk ESifh Align jzpfatmifa½TU&
rnfudkowdjyKyg/

(6) Trim, Extend

Trim.dwg udz k iG yhf g/

yHkwGif p1 rsOf;onf UCS plane ay:wGif½Sdí p2 rsOf;onf tapmif;axmifh wpfckjzifh Z
wefzdk;wpfckwGifwnf½Sdaeonf/ View Toolbar rS Left (odkY) Right View udkESdyfMunfhyg u
taetxm;rsm;udkjrifawGU&rnf/ SW Isometric View udkjyefíESdyfxm;yg/

(42)
 Applied AutoCAD

Trim, Extend Command rsm;onf UCS plane wpfcak y:wGi½ f adS eaom Object rsm;tjyif
Plane wpf c k w nf ; r[k w f b J t jrif h w ef z d k ; rsm;rwl a om Object rsm;ud k v nf ; Trim, Extend
jyKvkyfay;Edkifygrnf/ p1 rsOf;rS b,fzufodkYpGef;xGuf aeaom p2 rsOf;udk Trim jzifhjzwfMunfhygrnf/
Command: TRIM
Current settings: Projection=View, Edge=Extend
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: p1 rsOf;udk Select vkyfyg/
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: p
Enter a projection option [None/Ucs/View] <View>: v
Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: p2 rsO;f \b,fzufjcrf;udjk yyg/
p1rsOf;txd p2 rsOf;onfjywfíoGm;onfudkjrif&rnf/
View Toolbar rS Top udkESdyfí Top View wGifjyef íMunfh½SKyg/ p2 rsOf;onf p1 rsOf;ESifh
xdawGUraebJydkíwdk0ifaeonfudkawGU&rnf/ taMumif;rSm Project Mode wGif View ac:
jcif;onfvuf½Sd Munfh½SKaeaomjrifuGif; twdkif;jzwfay;jcif;omjzpfonf/

xdkYaMumifh Trim, Extend wdkYudktoHk;jyK&mü Project Mode - View onfrSm;,Gif; apEdkif

ojzifh txl;owdjyK&ygrnf/ Undo jyefvkyfírl&if;twdkif;yHkudkjyefxm;yg/
Command: TRIM
Current settings: Projection=View, Edge=Extend
Select cutting edges ...
Select objects or <select all>: p1 rsOf;udk Select vkyfyg/
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: p

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 Applied AutoCAD

Enter a projection option [None/Ucs/View] <View>: u

Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or
[Fence/Crossing/Project/Edge/eRase/Undo]: p2 rsO;f \b,fzufjcrf;udjk yyg/

Project Mode wGif Ucs xm;ojzifhTop View rSjyefMunfhvQif trSeftwdkif;jzwfawmuf

ay;onfuakd wGU&rnf/Project Mode onf Entend Command twGuv f nf;twlwyl ifjzpfonf/
rS w f & ef / 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJonfhtcgü Trim, Extend rsm;jyKvkyf&mü txufygtrSm;rsdK;
rjzpfap&efyHkrqGJrD yxrOD;pGm Command wGif atmufygtwdkif; ½dkufxnfhí Variable rsm;udk
Set vkyfNyD;rSa&;qGJjcif;onftaumif;qHk;jzpfygonf/
Command: Projmode
Enter new value for PROJMODE < >: 1 wGifr½SdvQif 1 xm;yg
Command: Edgemode
Enter new value for EDGEMODE < >: 1 wGifr½SdvQif 1 xm;yg/
Edgemode onf Extend Command twGuf Extend / No Extend wGif Extend
awmif;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/
rS w f & ef / Trim, Extend rvkyfrSD UCS udk jzwfvdkaom View twdkif;vSnfhxm;&rnf
udkowdjyKyg/

(7) Fillet

Fillet.dwg udz
k iG yhf g/
yHkwGifwpfckESifhwpfck jzwfaeonfhyHkpHrsOf;ESpfaMumif; ESpfpHkudka&;qGJxm;onf/ View Tool
bar rS Top View udkESdyfíMunfhyg/ (1)rsOf;ESpfaMumif;onf Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif½Sdí (2)

(44)
 Applied AutoCAD

rsOf;ESpfaMumif;onf Plane rwlbJ½SdaeonfudkawGU&rnf/ SW Isometric View udkjyefESdyfyg/

(1) rsOf;ESpfaMumif; udk Fillet Radius (0) jzifh Fillet jyKvkyfMunfhygu Fillet jyKvkyfay;
rnfjzpfNyD; (2) rsOf;ESpfaMumif;udk Fillet jyKvkyfaomtcg Lines are non coplanar [k pmwef;
ay:vmNyD; Fillet jyKvkyfay;rnfr[kwfyg/
rSwf&efrSm Fillet jyKvkyfaom Object rsm;onf Current UCS plane ESifh tNydKif½Sdaep&m
rvdkyg/ odkYaomf xdk Object rsm;onf Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif½Sdaom Object rsm;jzpf&ygrnf/
3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü Fillet onf txl;toHk;0ifygonf/
rdrda&;qGJxm;aom Object rsm; Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif½Sdae?rae udkyg Fillet
vkyMf unfjh cif;jzifh ppfaq;od½EdS ikd yf gonf/ Trim onf Plane wpfcwk nf;ay:wGi½f rdS aeonfh Object
rsm;udkjzwfawmufay;Edkif&m Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif ½Sdaerae udk rodEdkifay/

(8) Copy , Move

Object rsm;udk Copy ul;jcif; Move vkyfjcif;rsm;udk 3D Space xJwGif Coondirate

wefzdk;rsm;a&;oGif;í¤if;? Osnap udktoHk;jyKí¤if;? Point Filter rsm;udktoHk;jyKí¤if;? Ortho on
xm;NyD ; Direct Distance Entry jzif h a ½T U ,l ul ; ,l í ¤if ; vG w f v yf p G m jyK vk y f E d k i f o jzif h
txl;raz:jyawmhyg/

(9) Align

3D Wire Frame, Solid, Mesh object rsm;udk rsufESmjyifrsm; wpfckESifhwpfck rdrdvdkovdk

Align jzpfatmif Align command jzifv
h nf;aumif; 3dalign Command jzifv h nf;aumif; Align
vkyfEdkifygonf/ rdrdESpfouf&mudk oHk;Edkifonf/
Align.dwg udz k iG yhf g/
k iG f Wire frame trd;k yHpk w
yHw H pfcEk iS hf Wireframe Box wpfcu J m;onf/ Box \ atmufajc
k kd a&;qGx
P1,P2,P3 rsufESmjyifudk trdk;\ A1,A2,A3 rsufESmjyifodkY oGm;a&muf uyfMunfhygrnf/ Osnap-
Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/
Command : Align
Select objects: Box udk Select vkyy
f g/
Specify first source point: P1 trSwfwGifjyyg/

(45)
 Applied AutoCAD

Specify first destination point: A1 trSww f iG jf yyg/

Specify second source point: P2 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify second destination point: A2 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify third source point or <continue>: P3 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify third destination point: A3 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Align jzpfomG ;ygrnf/
yxrpí jyaom P1 trSwfonf A1 trSwfodkY a&muf&Sdrnf jzpfonf/
qufvufí 3D Align vkyfMunfh&ef Undo jyefac:vdkufyg/

Command : 3dalign
Select objects: Box udk Select vkyy
f g/
Specify source plane and orientation ...
Specify base point or [Copy]: P1 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify second point or [Continue] <C>: P2 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify third point or [Continue] <C>: P3 trSww f iG jf yyg/

(46)
 Applied AutoCAD

Specify destination plane and orientation ...

Specify first destination point: A1 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify second destination point or [eXit] <X>:A2 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify third destination point or [eXit] <X>:A3 trSww f iG jf yyg/

Dynamic UCS for 3Dsolids

3DSolid wpfck\ rsufESmjyifrsm;wGif yHkrsm;a&;qGJonfhtcg Dynamic UCS udk on

xm;jcif;jzifh rsufESmjyifrsm;okdY UCS Plane udk Align vkyaf y;Edik o
f nf/ Wireframe, Mesh object
rsm;twGufrl toHk;rjyKEdkifyg/ Ctrl+D udk ESdyfí on/off vkyfEdkifonf/ Starus Bar rS vnf; on/off
vkyfEdkifonf/
yHkwGif t0ga&mif Solid Box wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ Status Bar rS DUCS udk ESdyfxm;yg/
vufawGY Circle wpfckudk rdrdqGJvdkaom rsufESmjyifwGif a&;qGJMunfhyg/
Command : Circle
Pointer ud k rsuf E S m jyif r sm;wG i f a&T U Munf h y gu ouf q k d i f & m rsuf E S m jyif r sm;ud k Highlight
vkyfíjyaeygrnf/ rdrdvdk&m rsufESmjyifwGif tvG,fwul a&;qGJEdkifonf/
3dalign udk DUCS ESifhvnf; wGJzufoHk;Edkifonf/
Command : 3dalign
Select objects: Wireframe Box udk Select vkyy f g/
Specify source plane and orientation ...
Specify base point or [Copy]: P1 trSwfwGif jyyg/
Specify second point or [Continue] <C>:
Specify destination plane and orientation ...
Specify first destination point: Solid Box \ tapmif;rsufESmjyiftv,fcefY wGif
pointer udk jyygu xdkrsufESmjyifESifh Box atmufajc Align jzpfoGm;onfudk awGY&vQif
B1 trSwfwGifjyyg/
Specify second destination point or [eXit] <X>:
Align jzpfomG ;ygrnf/

(47)
 Applied AutoCAD

(10) Stretch

3D yHr
k sm;udk a&;qG&J mü 2D yHak &;qGo h Ykd Stretch Command wGif Crossing-Window
J uJo
aumuf&ef wpfcgw&H rvG,fulonfudk awGU&ygrnf/
Stretch.dwg udk zGifhyg/
Stretch Command onf Wireframe, Mesh object rsm;udk Stretch jyKvy f nf/ 3D Solid
k af y;Edik o
rsm;udkrl Stretch rvkyfEkdifyg/ 3DSolid rsm;udk jyefvnfjyifqifyHkudk 3D Solid Modeling wGif
avhvmyg/
yHkwGif Mesh Polyline object (2)ckudk tedrfhtjrifhrwlbJ txyf(2)xyf taejzifh a&;qGJxm;onf/
Top View rS MunhfvQif wpfxyfxJtjzpfjrif&ygonf/
atmufqHk;wGif&Sdaom Object \ tpif;cs,fxm;aom rsufESmjyifudk X twdkif;xyfí
Stretch jyKvy k kd Top View rS Stretch vkyv
k Mf unfyh grnf/ þyHu f Qif object (2)ckpvH;k ygoGm;rnfjzpfí
Isometric View jzifhom Stretch vkyfygrnf/ Osnap udk off vkyfxm;yg/

Command : Stretch
Select objects to stretch by crossing-window or crossing-polygon...
Select vk y f & mü Crossing -Window onf View twd k i f ; om Window abmif u d k
aumufay;rnfjzpfí þyHktwGuf tqifajyrnfr[kwfyg/ xkdYaMumifh Crossing-Polygon udk
toHk;jyK&ygrnf/ CP [k½dkufyg/

(48)
 Applied AutoCAD

Select objects: cp
First polygon point: P1trSwfrsm;em;wGif cefYrSef;ajcaxmufí aumufyg/
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]:P2 trSwr f sm;em;wGiaf umufyg/
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]:P3 trSwr f sm;em;wGiaf umufyg/
Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: P4 trSwr f sm;em;wGiaf umufyg/
Enter acgufyg/
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: Graphic Screeen wpfae&mwGif
Pick vkyfvdkufyg/F8 udk ESdyfí Ortho-on vdkufNyD; Pointer udk X 0if½dk;twkdif; qGJ,lyg/
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>:500
t&Snf 500 xyfrHí Stretch jzpfoGm;ygrnf/
þerlemudk ,lí 3D View rsm;wGif vdo k vdk Stretch Command udk toH;k jyKEikd yf gvdrrhf nf/

>> Using Draw Commands in 3D

(1) Line

Line rsm;udk 3Dspace wGif UCS udk toHk;jyKívnf;aumif;? Snap rsm;udktoHk;jyKí

vnf;aumif;? Coordinate rsm;az:jyívnf;aumif; vGwfvyfpGma&;qGJEdkifonf/ 3D yHkwpfyHkudk
Top, Sides Ortho View rsm;rSMunfh½IpOf Line rsm;a&;qGJonfhtcg Osnap udktoHk;jyKvQif Snap
rSwfrsm;xyfaeNyD; tedrfhtjrifhrnDygu rsOf;rsm;rSm;Edkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Pline udkomtoHk;jyKa&;
qGJ&rnf/ Pline wGifMunfhyg/

(2) Arc, Circle, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon

txufaz:jyyg Command rsm;udk 3DSpace wGifa&;qGJygu UCS Plane udkrdrda&;qGJvdk

onfhae&mESifh Position wdkYOD;pGm owfrSwfNyD;rSoma&;qGJ&ygrnf/ 3D Solid rsufESmjyifrsm;twGuf
DUCS oHk;yHkudk Solid taMumif;wGifMunfh½Iyg/

(3) Pline

Pline Command jzifh Polyline rsm;a&;qG& hf jrifrh nDonfh Snap rSwrf sm;wGiaf z:jy
J mütedrt

(49)
 Applied AutoCAD

onfjzpfap Polyline udkjyifnD Plane wpfcktaeESifhom&½Sdrnfjzpf&m tvGeftoHk;0ifaom Com-

mand jzpfavonf/ jyifnt D jym;vdu
k &f ½Sv
d o h cg pline udo
kd nft k mtpOftoH;k jyK&rnf/ Line Com-
mand udktoHk;rjyK&yg/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef Pline.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGifrsufESmjyiftapmif;yg0ifaom Model yHkwpfckudka&;qGJxm;NyD;xdkyHk\ 2D outline
udkjyefvnf&,lvdkvQif Pline udktoHk;jyKEdkif onf/
yHkudk Top View rSMunfhNyD;ESKwfcrf;abmifywfvnfudk Pline jzifhywfvdkufyguyHk (2) wGif
jyxm;onfhtwdkif; jyifnD 2D outline udkjyefvnf&½Sdygrnf/

rS w f c suf / Pline jzifh Polyline rsm;a&;qGJ&mwGif em&DvufwHajymif;jyef Counter Clock-

wise twdkif;omtNrJa&;qGJonfh tavhtusifhjyKvkyfxm;ygu oifhawmfygonf/ AutoCAD
onfyHktm;vHk;udk Counter Clockwise twdkif;omzefwD;onfudkowdjyKyg/ xdkYtjyif Pline
jzifhabmifydwfa&;qGJ&mü prSwfodkYjyefqHk;aomtcg Close option jzifhydwfyg/ Snap jzifh Endpoint
jyefrydwfygESifh/ wlonf[kxif&aomfvnf; pifppfrwlyg/
Polyline rsm;onf Width ac:Asufxnfhí&onfhtjyif Thickness udkvnf;ay;Edkifojzifh
3D yHkBuD;rsm;a&;qGJ&müao;i,faom Frame rsm; Panel rsm;udka&;qGJonfhtcg txl;toHk;0ifyg
onf/taMumif;rSmao;i,frsm;jym;aom 0w¬Kypönf;tm;vHk;udk Extrude jzifhxkjyKvkyfNyD;a&;qGJrnf
qdkygu yifyef;onfhtjyif Memory vnf;tvGefrsm;í yHkrSm av;vmedkifygonf/ xdktcsufudk
tpOfowd½SdbdkYvdk tyfygonf/
vufawGU Polyline.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)onf yxrOD;pGm Rectangle wpfckwGif Hatch udk Honey Pattern jzifha&;jc,fNyD;

(50)
 Applied AutoCAD

Explode Command jzifa h zgufcíJG rsO;f rsm;tjzpf&½Sad ponf/ vdt

k yfonft h ydik ;f udjk zwf,Nl y;D Pedit
Command jzifh Polyline rsm;jyKvy f m Width ESihf Thick udak y;jcif;jzifZh umuGurf sm; tjzpfjyKvyk f
k u
jyxm;onf/ Width udk Pedit Command jzifhay;&í Thickness udk Object rsm;udk Mouse ESifh
Select vkyfNyD; Right click ESdyfí Properties Palette wGif Thickness ae&müay;Edkifonf/
'kwd,yHkwGif rSefeH&HwpfcsyfwGif Panel rsm;udk Polyline jzifhWidth, Thickness ay;íjyK
vkyfxm;onf/

(4) 3DPoly

3D Poly Command onf Z tjrifhwefzdk;yg0ifaom 3D Polyline rsm;udka&;qGJ&efjzpf

onf/ X,Y, Z 0if½;kd rsm;twdik ;f a&;qGv kd Ortho xm;í Direct Distance Entry enf;jzifv
J u h ufwef;
f nf/ rsm;aomtm;jzif½h NdS y;D Known Point rsm;udk Osnap jzifh 3D poly vdu
a&;qGEJ ikd o k í
f ywfNy;D a&;
qGJ&onf/ (Oyrm- Eave Board twGuf Path vrf;aMumif;rsm;? avScg;vuf&rf;rsOf;rsm;)
3Dpoly.dwg wGifzGifhí Munfh½IMunfhyg/

(51)
 Applied AutoCAD

(5) Helix

Helix onf AutoCAD 2007 rSpwifyg0ifvmonfh New Command wpfckjzpfonf/

2D odkY 3D c½kywfyHkrsm;udka&;qGJEdkifNyD;&½Sdaom Object onf Helix jzpfonf/ Helix Entity Type
onf Spline udk Base vkyfxm;aom New Object Type jzpfNyD; Helix udk Explode Command
jzifhazgufcGJygu Spline Object udk&½Sdrnf/
Helix object udk Trim Command jzifh Trim vkyfEdkifonf/ Extend udkrl rjyKvkyfEdkifyg/
Helix ud k Extrude, Sweep, Loft ponf h 3D Command rsm;twG u f Path
vrf;aMumif;tjzpftoHk;jyKí 3D Solid, Surface rsm;udka&;qGJEdkifrnf/ vufawGUa&;qGJMunfh&ef
New Drawing wpfckudk Acadiso.dwt jzifhzGifhyg/ SW Isometric View jzifhMunfhyg/

Command:Helix
Number of turns = 3.0000 Twist=CCW
Specify center point of base: wpfae&mwGif Click vkyy
f g/ Ny;D vQif Cursor udak ½TUMunfh
ygupuf0dkif;o@mefudkjrifae&rnf/
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <1.0000>: 50
Specify top radius or [Diameter] <50.0000>:
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <1.0000>: t
Enter number of turns <3.0000>: 6
Specify helix height or [Axis endpoint/Turns/turn Height/tWist] <1.0000>: h
Specify distance between turns <0.2500>: 20
Spring yHkpHwpfckudk&½Sdrnf/

Zero Height

a&;qGJyHkrSm- yxrOD;pGm Helix a&;qGJrnfh Center point udk Click vkyfaz:jyonf/

- xdkYaemufatmufajcwGifjzpfay:vmrnfh Helix \ Radius (odkY) Diameter az:jyonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

- xdaYk emuf txufwiG ½f rdS nfh Helix \ Radius (od)Yk Diameter udak z:jy&rnf/ wefz;kd wlaz:jyvQif
txufatmufwpf½G,fwnf;&rnfjzpfNyD;wefzdk;rwlygupkoGm;jcif;? um;oGm;jcif;rsm;udk&½Sdaponf/
- Helix height wGijf zpfay:vmrnfh Helix \ atmufajcrStxuftxd tjrifu h akd z:jy&efjzpfonf/
Height udkraz:jyrDS yxrOD;pGmyg0ifaom Option rsm;udkaz:jy&rnf/
Turns - Helix \tywfta&twGuu f akd z:jyyg/
Twist - Clock wise, or Counter Clockwise udak ½G;cs,y f g/
Turn Height - wpfywfESifhwpfywftMum;wGif½Sdrnfh tjrifhwefzdk;udkaz:jy&efjzpfonf/
xdkwefzdk;udkroHk;vdkvQif Helix height wGif Total Height udak z:jy&rnf/
- Axis Endpoint udktoHk;jyKrnfqdkygu Helix udkra&;qGJrSD Axis 0if½dk;\ tqHk;tjzpfowfrSwf
xm;aom ae&m (od)Yk 0if½;kd twGuf Line wpfcu f uf&m Direction jzifah &;qGaJ y;xm;&rnf/
k kd rdrEd pS o
Turn Height ESifh Axis Endpoint Option (2)ckudkwGJíoHk;vQif Turns onfxdk(2)cktay:rlwnf
í&½Sdrnf/
Base Radius ESihf Top Radius udr k wlnaD tmifay;xm;Ny;D Helix Height udk Zero ay;jcif;jzifh
2D c½kywfvrf;udk&½Sdonf/
Helix udka&;qGJ&mü X 0if½dk;twdkif;prSwf&½Sdrnf/ Turns wGif 2.5 pojzifh Numeric
Number vdkoavmuf az:jyEdkifonf/
Helix udak &;qGNJ y;D aemuf Select vkyNf y;D Right click ESy d íf Propertier wGif Height, Turns,
Turn Height, Base Radius, Top Radius, Twist ponfwu Ykd kd vdo
k vdjk yefjyifqifEikd of nf/
Helix1.dwg udkzGifhí vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfhyg/
Helix2.dwg wGif Helix rsm;udktoHk;jyKí Extrude, Loft Command rsm;jzifh c½kywf
Model wpfcka&;qGJjyKvkyfxm;ygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Exercise - Creating a Roof WireFrame Model

Roof plan.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif Roofwck\ Plan yHkudkawGU&ygrnf/ xdkyHkudk Pitch of

Roof (acgifapmuf) 26 'D*&Djzifh 3D acgifrdk;a&;qGJMunfhygrnf/
Wire frame Modeling onfacgifrdk;yHkrsm;a&;qGJjcif;twGuftxl;yiftoHk;0ifygonf/
3D yHkrsm;onf 2D Plan yHkudktajcjyKía&;qGJ&avh½Sdonf jzpf&m yxrOD;pGm acgifrdk;\ Plan
udka&;qGJ&ygonf/ xdk Plan yHkay:rlwnfNyD; 3DyHkudkqufvufa&;qGJ Edkifygrnf/

Plan yH k u d k M unf h y g/ Plan yH k w G i f t0ga&mif E S i f h jyxm;aom acgif x d y f ½ d k ; rsm;onf

a&jyifnDrsOf;rsm;jzpfNyD; xdkwefzdk;onftajymif;tvJr½Sdyg/ usefacgifrsOf;rsm;onf acgifrdk;udk
tay:pD ; rS M unf h í jrif & aom rsOf ; rsm;jzpf N yD ; xd k r sOf ; rsm;onf tay:od k Y 26 'D * &D a pmif ; í
jrifhwufvmrnfhrsOf; rsm;jzpf&m vuf½Sdjrifae&aomwefzdk;onf trSefr[kwfyg/ acgifrdk;yHkwpfck\
Side View udkMunfhygu vG,fulpGmoabmaygufEdkifygonf/
yxrOD;pGm acgif½dk;xdyfrsm;\tjrifhwefzdk;rsm;udkod½Sd&efoufqdkif&macgif0 A-A', B-B',
C-C' wdkYwGif 26 'D*&D apmif;aomrsOf;rsm;udk axmifMunfhygrnf/ yHkudk SW Isometric View odkY
vSnfhvdkufyg/ Osnap wGif End Point, Mid Point awmif;xm;yg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: line
Specify first point: A trSww
f iG f Click vkyyf g/
Specify next point or [Undo]: @@5000<0<26
Specify next point or [Undo]:

A trSwfrS X 0if½dk;vm;&mtwdkif; tay:odkY 26 'D*&Dapmif;aomrsOf;udk cefYrSef;ajc t½Snf

5000 jzifha&;qGJvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/
Command :Mirror
Select objects: a&;qGJvdkufaom rsOf;udk Select vkyfyg/
Specify first point of mirror line: A-A ? rsO;f \ Midpoint wGijf yyg/
Specify second point of mirror line: Ontho on xm;Ny;D A-A? rsO;f ESia hf xmifrh wfus
Mouse udkqGJ,lNyD; wpfae&mwGif Click vkyfyg/
Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>:

Mirror

Command:Fillet
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 0.0000
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: r
Specify fillet radius <0.0000>: 0
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]:rsO;f udk Select vkyyf g/
Select second object or shift-select to apply corner:aemufrsO;f udk Select vkyyf g/

Fillet
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 Applied AutoCAD

axmifaeaomrsOf;(2)aMumif;udk Radius (0) jzifh Fillet vkyfvdkufonf/

,cktcg A-A? ae&mwGif 26 'D*&Dapmif;aom(2) em;nD Bwd*H wpfckudk&½Sdaeygonf/
Command ; move
Select objects: A-A? udkaxmifhrSwfus½Sdaeaomacgif½dk; t0grsOf;udk Select vkyfyg/
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: A-A? rsO;f \ Midpoint
udkjyyg/
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: Bw* d \
H xdyu
f jkd yyg/
acgif½dk;rsOf;onf Bwd*H\xdyftjrifhESifh wpfajy;wnf;tjrifhodkYa½GUoGm;ygrnf/

Move Erase old lines and draw new lines

,cktcg A-A? wGif Costruction rsO;f rsm;tjzpfa&;qGcJ ahJ om Bw*d rH sO;f rsm;onfrvdt
k yfawmh
ojzifh Erase vkyfvdkufyg/ atmufajc½SdacgifrsOf;rsm;udk Erase ESifhzsufNyD;acgif½dk;odkY rsOf;topfrsm;
jyefa&;qGJqufay;jcif;jzifhyHkazmfvdkufyg/
xdek nf;twdik ;f B-B? wGif B ae&mü @5000<90<26 jzif¤h if;? C ae&mü @5000<90<26
jzifh¤if;rsOf;rsm;axmif? Mirror vkyf? Fillet csdK;NyD; oufqdkif&macgif½dk; t0grsOf;rsm;udk Move
jzifhjr§ifhwifyg/ NyD;vQif Costruction Line rsm;udk Erase vkyfNyD; oufqdkif&m rsOf;rsm;udk
jyefvnfa&;qufay;jcif;jzifh acgifrdk;yHkudk az:vdkufyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

C-C'? ae&mwGif acgifrdk;udkjr§ifhwif&mü C-C'? twdkif;rsOf;waMumif;a&;qGJ í¤if;? Mid

Between 2 Point udo k ;kH í¤if; Midpoint udak umuf,yl g/
C-C' acgifzufwGif tzDxkwfxm;onfh Extension udkqufvufa&;qGJMunfhygrnf/
Command: Line
Specify first point: acgifxy d w
f iG f jyyg
Specify next point or [Undo]: C-C' rsO;f ay:odYk Penperdicular jyyg
Specify next point or [Undo]:
C-C' acgif\ acgifxdyfrSaeí C-C' rsOf;ay:odkYrsOf;waMumif;a&;qGJonf/
xdkrsOf;onf acgif\ Slope rsOf;jzpfygonf/ xdkrsOf;udkacgifpGef;tqHk;odkY a&muf½Sd&ef Extend Com-
mand jzifh Extend vkyfygrnf/

Draw Slope Line Extend

Extend rvkyfrSD Projmode (1) wGif½Sdr½Sdppfaq;yg/

Command: Projmode
Enter new value for PROJMODE <2>: 1
Extend vkyfyg/NyD;vQif Top View rSMunfhygu a&;qGJxm;aom Slope rsOf;onf
acgifpGef;teDa&mifrsOf;txd a&muf½Sdaeonfudkjrif&rnf/ SW Isometric jzifhjyefMunfhyg/
,ckacgifpGef;rsOf;teDa&mifudk atmufodkYESdrfhcsygrnf/
Command :Move
Select objects: rsOf;teDudk Select vkyfyg/
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: D trSww f iG f Click vkyyf g/
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: .xy
of @
(need Z): Slope rsOf;\ atmuftpGefrSwf End point wGifjyyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Point Filter udt k oH;k jyKí acgif;½d;k rsO;f teDukd Z twdik ;f wnfw
h nfh ESrd chf svu
kd jf cif;jzpfonf/
acgifpeG ;f teDoYkd oufqikd &f mrsOrf sm; qufvu kd yf g/ rvdak wmhaom Construction rsOf;rsm;jyef Erase
vkyfygujynfhpHkaom Wine Frame 3D acgifrdk;udk a&;qGJNyD;jzpfygrnf/
a&;qGJyHktqifhqifhESifh a&;qGJNyD;yHkudk Roof Plan ok.dwg wGifzGifhí Munfh½IEdkifyg onf/
þoifcef;pmudk erlemjyKí acgif;rdk;yHktrsdK;rsdK;udk a&;qGJavhusifhMunfhyg/

-------- +++ --------

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 Applied AutoCAD

Chapter - 2

3D Solid Modeling

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Applied AutoCAD

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 Applied AutoCAD

3D Solids

NyD;cJhaom Chapter ü Wireframe Models rsm;udka&;qGJyHk 3D Coordinates rsm;

az:jyyHkrsm;udkod½SdcJhNyD;jzpfonf/
AutoCAD 3D Modeling wGit f "dutusq;kH rSm 3D Solid Modeling yifjzpfonf/
3DSolid object onfxktom;yg½Sdaom Object jzpfNyD; opfom;wHk;wpfwHk;udk vdkovdk
xGif;azguf?jzwfxkwfyHkaz:oouJhodkYyif yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK; zefwD;Edkifygonf/ yxrOD;pGm 3D Solid
ESifhywfoufaom Object rsm;udkavhvmygrnf/ 3D Solid ESifhywfoufí tMurf;tm;jzifh 3D
Solid , Rigion ESifh Surface [lí Object oH;k rsKd ;tusKH ;0ifygonf/ taMumif;rSm 3D Solid object
wpfckudk Explode Command jzifh azgufcGJypfEdkifNyD; xdkodkYaygufuGJoGm;vQif Region, Surface
tp½Sdaom Object Type rsm;udk&½SdEdkifaomaMumifhjzpfonf/ xdkYtjyif Surface wGif,if;udkjzpf
ay:apaom toHk;jyKonfh Command ay:rlwnfí Object Type rsm;trsdK;rsdK;xyfrH&½Sdygonf/
3D Solid ESifhywfouf aom Entity Types (object wdkY\ trnf&if;) ESifh Object Type
(Quick Select udt k oH;k jyKonfth cgac:a0:onft h rnf) wdu Yk akd tmufwiG pf m&if; jyKvyk x
f m;ygonf/

3DSolid Entity Types

Entity Type Object Type

(1) 3DSOLID 3DSolid

(2) REGION Region
(3) SURFACE Surface
(4) EXTRUDEDSURFACE Surface (Extrusion)
(5) SWEPTSURFACE Surface (Sweep)
(6) REVOLEDSURFACE Surface (Revolve)
(7) PLANESURFACE Surface (Planar)
(8) LOFTEDSURFACE Surface (Loft)

Solid Objects.dwg udz k iG yhf g/

yHkwGif Solid object Type (8) rsdK;udkwpfckpDa&;qGJaz:jyxm;ygonf/ Screen ay:wGif

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 Applied AutoCAD

Right Click ESy f Quick Select \ Object type pm&if;wGif trnfrsm;udak wGUjrif&rnf/ Object
d í
wpfck\rl&if;trnf Entity name udkodvdkygu List Command ESifh Object udk Select
vkyfNyD;Munfh½IEdkifygonf/
3DSolid Object wGif ,if;wdu Yk jkd zpfay:apaom Command rsm;ay:rlwnfNy;D rwlnaD om
Solid Type rsm;toD;oD;ydi f ikd yf gao;onf/ Surface rsm;wGiv
k q f nf;xdek nf;wlyifjzpfonf/ xdk Solid,
Surface Type rsm;ay:rlwnfNyD; 3DSolid ESifh Surface Object rsm;udk jyefvnfjyKjyifrSK Manipu-
lation rsm;jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ xdktaMumif;udk aemifydkif;wGifaz:jyoGm;ygrnff/
rS w f c su
suf / 3DSolid Object wpfckudk azgufcGJaomtcg rsufESmjyifauG;rsm;onf Old Ver-
sion rsm;ü BODY Entity Type ud& k ½Syd gonf/
2007 rSpí SURFACE tjzpf&½SdapNyD; BODY Entity Type r½Sdawmhyg/

>> Methods to create 3DSolids & Surfaces

yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;jyKvkyfyHkaz:xm;aom 3DSolid ESifh Surface rsm;udkatmufygenf;vrf;rsm;jzifh

&½Sdjzpfay:apEdkifygonf/

(1) Solid Primitives

(2) Extruding Method
(3) Sweeping Method
(4) Revolving Method
(5) Lofting Method
(6) Converting Objects to 3DSolids & Surfaces
(7) Slicing 3DSolids
(8) Creating Composite solids

(1) Solid Primitives

Box, Cylinder uJhodkY Commom Shape rsm;udk Solid Primitive [kac:a0:owfrSwf

avonf/ Primitive rsm;onfa&;qGJNyD;aemuf Object Properties rsm;tvdkuf tvG,fwul
t&G,ftpm;rsm;udk jyefvnfí jyKjyifjcif;rsm; jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/
atmufwGif Solid Primitive Command rsm; toHk;jyKa&;qGJyHkudkazmfjyxm;ygonf/
jyefvnfjyKjyifjcif;rsm;udkoD;oefYazmfjyoGm;ygrnf/
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 Applied AutoCAD

> Box

av;axmifh pwk*HwHk;wpfwHk;udk X (width), y (length) ESifh Z (Height) wefzdk;rsm; ay;NyD;

a&;qGJ&efjzpfonf/
Command: box
Specify first corner or [Center]: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]: @10,20,30
X twdkif; 10, Y twdkif; 20, Z twdkif; 30 t&G,f Box wpfckudk &rnf/

tu,fí trSwfwpfckudk A[dkcsufjyKí Object udk jzpfay:apvdkvQif Center Option

awmif;Edkifonf/
Options :
- Specify other Corner wGif trSwfwae&m azmfjyí Height udk oD;oefY azmfjyEdkifonf/
- Cube onf x,y,z tnD ukAwHk; a&;qGJ&ef
- Length onf x,y,z wefzdk;rsm; wpfckpDoD;oefY azmfjy&ef/ txl;ojzifh Screen ay:&Sd
Known Points rsm;udk Osnap ESifh jyoNyD;a&;qGJ vdkonfhtcgü oHk;onf/

> Wedge

oyfyHk wpfzufcRef twHk;wpfckudk a&;qGJay;rnf/

Command: wedge
Specify first corner or [Center]:wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyyf g/
Specify other corner or [Cube/Length]:Pick vkyyf g/
Specify height or [2Point] <30.0000>:height azmfjyyg/
'kwd,axmufjyonfh other corner zufodkY cRefay;rnf/
tcRefonf X- 0if½dk;twdkif; Slope onf tNrJ&&Sdrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

> Cone

uefawmhcRef yHkpHwpfckudk a&;qGJay;rnf/

Command: cone
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:
Specify base radius or [Diameter]:
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius] <1>:
Options wGif puf0dkif;wpfcka&;qGJ ouJhodkY 2p, 3p, Ttr ESifh Elliptical jzifh Ellipe yHkpH
uefawmhcRefudkvnf;a&;qGJEdkifonf/ 3p wGif Tangent Sanp udkrltoHk;rjyKEdkifyg/
Elliptical wGif x,y 0if½dk;rsm;twdkif; Ellipse udk vdkcsifygu Ortho on xm;&ygrnf/

> Sphere

pufvHk;wpfckudk a&;qGJ&efjzpfonf/
Command: sphere
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:
Specify radius or [Diameter] <6>:
Radius odkYr[kwf Diameter azmfjya&;qGJEdkifonf/
Options wGif puf0dkif;a&;qGJouJhodkY 3p, 2p, Ttr rsm;udkvnf; toHk;jyKEdkifonf/

> Cyinder

pvif'g wpfckudk a&;qGJay;rnf/

Command: cylinder
Specify center point of base or [3P/2P/Ttr/Elliptical]:
Specify base radius or [Diameter] <7>:
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint] <14>:
Radius, Diameter azmfjyí vnf;aumif; 3p, 2p, Ttr, Elliptical options oHk;í
f nf/ Specify height wGif Axis Endpoint Option yg0ifNy;D rdrq
vnf;aumif;a&;qGEJ ikd o d ;kH vdak om
Endpoint udk x,y plane ay:wGif azmfjyí tvSJvdkufvnf; a&;qGJEdkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

> Pyramid

Command: pyramid
4 sides Circumscribed
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]: s
Enter number of sides <4>: 6
Specify center point of base or [Edge/Sides]:
Specify base radius or [Inscribed] <4>: -
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint/Top radius] <10>: t
Specify top radius <0.0000>:-
Specify height or [2Point/Axis endpoint] <10>:-
tem;axmifh 3 rS 32 txdyg0ifaom wzufcRef odkYr[kwf t&G,ftrsdK;rsdK; &SdEdkifaom
shape udk a&;qGJEdkifonf/
Edge, Sides options rsm;onf Polygon a&;qGJouJhodkY jzpfonf/
Specify base radius or [Inscribed] : Circumscribe udk Default xm;Ny;D Inscribe ESihf qGv
J v
kd Qif
Option awmif;Ekdifonf/ Specify height option wGif tvSJvdkufqGJvdku Axis Endpoint
awmif;Edkifonf/ tcReftwdkif;rvdkcsifbJ rlv Radius ESifhtnD odkYr[kwf tBuD;tao;rsm;
jyKvkyfa&;qGJvdkvQif Specify top radius wGifawmif;Edkifonf/

> Torus

vufaumufuGif;yHkudk a&;qGJay;Ekdifonf/
Command: torus
Specify center point or [3P/2P/Ttr]:
Specify radius or [Diameter] <6>:-
Specify tube radius or [2Point/Diameter]:-
puf0dkif;a&;qGJouJhodkY 3p, 2p, Ttr rsm; azmfjyEdkifonf/
Specify radius or [Diameter] wGif jzpfay:vmrnfh Torus \ tv,fA[dkpuf0dkif;\
t&G,fudkazmfjy&rnf/
Specify tube radius wGif Torus tvH;k udk azmfjyyg/ Tube Radius onf Torus \ Radius
xufBuD;ygutv,fwGiftaygufr&SdawmhbJ txufatmufwGif tcsdKifhygaom z½HkoD;yHkpHuJhodkY
&&SdEdkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(2)Extruding Method

yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;&Sdaom 2D Wireframe Outline rsm;udk tjrifhxk&Sdaom 3DSolid Object

rsm;tjzpf jyKvkyf&efjzpfonf/ Extrude Command udk toHk;jyKonf/ toHk;jyK&mü atmufyg
tcsufrsm;udk od&Sd&ygrnf/

(1) Extrude jyKvkyfEdkifaom objects rsm;rSm -

Lines, Arcs, Elliptical Arcs, 2D Polylines, 2D splines, Circles, Elliples, 3DFaces, 2D
Solids, Traces, Regions, Planar Surfaces rsm;tjyif 3DSolid wpfck\ Planar Face udkvnf;
Sub Object tjzpfxyfrH Extrude vkyfEkdifygonf/

(2) Extrude vkyf&mü Object wpfckudkaomfvnf;aumif;? Object tajrmuftrsm;udk

aomfvnf;aumif; Extrude wpfBudrfwnf;vkyfEdkifonf/

(3) Extrude jyKvkyfrnfh planar Object onf Current UCS plane ESifhtNydKif &Sdp&m rvdkyg/
rnfonfh Position wGif &Sdaeonf jzpfap Extrude vkyfEkdifygonf/

(4) hf pfaMumif;jzwfoef;aeaom? xyfíaeaom Polyline, closed polyline

rsO;f wpfaMumif;ESiw
rsm;udk Extrude vkyfay;rnfr[kwfyg/ Extrude jyKvkyfrnfh Object onf tjym;vdkuf&Sdaom
planar object jzpf&rnfhtwGuf 3D polyline, 3D spline rsm; Planar r[kwaf om 3DFace,
Surface rsm;udk Extrude rvkyfEkdifyg/

(5) Extrude jyKvkyfrnfh object rsm;onfrnfonfh layer wGiaf &;qGJ xm;onfjzpfap? rnfonfh
colour jzifha&;qGJxm;onfjzpfap? Extrude vkyfaomtcg vuf&Sd current jzpfaeaom layer ESifh
colour twdkif;om 3DSolid object rsm;udk &&Sdygrnf/

vk y f a wG Y j yKvk y f & ef -
Extrude1.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif a&jyifnDay:ü trsdK;rwlaom planar objects rsm;udk
a&;qGJxm;onf/ a&;qGJxm;aom Object type rsm;udk Screen ay:wGif Right click ESdyfíQuick
Select - Object Type wGif Munfh½IEdkifonf/ Object rsm;udk layer trsdK;rsdK;wGif a&;qGJxm;onf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

vuf&Sd layer rSm 0 jzpfNyD; colour rSm 93 wGif &Sdaeonfudk owdjyKyg/

yHkwGif Closed Boundary yHkpH&Sdaom Object rsm;ESifh Closed Boundary r[kwfaom Object
rsm;udk tpk (2)pkcGJí a&;qGJxm;onf/
yxrOD;pGm abmifydwfr[kwfaom Object rsm;udk Extrude jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/
Command: extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: abmifydwfr[kwfaom object rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <200.0000>: 200
Height 200 jzifh Extrude jyKvkyfonf/ &&Sdaom Object rsm;onf EXTRUDEDSURFACE
[ Surface (Extrusion) ] rsm;jzpfonf/ vuf&Sd layer 0 ESifh vuf&Sd colour twkdif;&&Sdygrnf/

Surfu & Surfv variables

Extrudedsurface rsm;wGif yg0ifaom Isolines ta&twGuu f kd SURFU, SURFV Vari-

ables rsm;ESifh Control vkyfEdkifygonf/ SURFU ESifh SURFV \rlvwefzdk;rsm;rSm 6 wGif&Sdygonf/
Extrude rvkyfrSD BudKwif owfrSwfEdkifonf/ a&;qGJNyD;aom Surface rsm;udk Isoline ta&twGuf
jyefvnfjyKjyifvdkygu object udk Select vkyfNyD; Right click ESdyfí properties wGif jyKjyifEdkifonf/
Manipulate 3D solids objects tcef;wGif tao;pdwa f vhvmyg/
Surfu, Surfv wefzdk;rsm;udk Options Dialog Box \ 3D Modeling Tab ü 3D objects
acgif;pOfatmufwGifvnf; BudKwif Set vkyfxm;Edkifonf/
pifppf Surface rsm;twGuf Surfu, Surfv wefzkd;rsm;onfvuff&Sd Version txd Surface Model
twGuf ta&;ryg ao;yg/ rdrdjrifawGYvdkaom ta&twGuf xm;Edkifonf/ Mesh Object rsm;
twGufomvQif ta&twGufonf toHk;0ifygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

qufvufí abmifydwfyHk&Sdaom 2D profile rsm;udk Extrude jyKvkyfMunfhyg/

tjrifh 200 jzifh Extrude vkyfMunfhyg/ 3D Solids objects rsm;udk &&Sdrnf/

Extrude Command ud k toH k ; rjyKbJ Closed Polyline, Region ponf h

abmifydwf{&d,mrsm;udktvG,fwul Extrude vkyfvdkygu Ctrl + Alt udk zdxm;í abmifydwf
{&d,mtwGif; Pointer udk xm;yg/ {&d,m Highlight jzpfaepOf Left Click udk ESdyfyg/ xdkUaemuf
rdrx
d x
k nfvh akd om wefz;kd udk ½du f iG ;f í Exturde vkyEf ikd o
k o f nf/ Extrude Command \ Options
rsm;udk toHk;jyKvdkvQifrl Extrude Command udkom toHk;jyK&rnf/

3D Solids objects rsm;\ Planar Face rsm;udk xyfrHívnf; Extrude jyKvkyfEdkifonf/

jyKvkyfvdkaom 3D Solid \ rsufESmjyifay:wGif Cursor udkxm;í Ctrl + left click udk ESdyfyg/
rsuEf mS jyifukd Highlight vkyí
f Select vkyaf y;ygrnf/ rsuEf mS jyifay:wGif Snap trSwu
f jkd rif&rnf/

Command wGif Extrude ½dkufí Extrude jyKvkyfyg/ &&Sdaom 3D Solid onf rlv 3D Solid ESifh
wpfqufwnf; r[kwfbJ oD;oefY object wpfcktjzpf&&Sdygrnf/ aemufzuftuG,fwGif &Sdaom
rsufESmjyifrsm;twGuf Ctrl + Spacebar + Left click udk ESdyfNyD;a&G;cs,fyg/ Highlight jzpfvsif
Ctrl + Spacebar udk vTwfí Spacebar ESdyfygu Snap trSwfudkjrif&NyD; Select jzpfaernf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Delobj Variable

2D outline rsm;udk 3D Solid , Surface rsm;tjzpf jyKvkyfaomtcg rl&if; object rsm;udk

raysmufysufoGm;bJ usef&Sdaeapvdkygu Delobj Variable udk 0 odkY Set vkyfxm;Ekdifonf/
yHkrSeftm;jzifh 1 wGif &Sdí rl&if; object udk csefrxm;yg/ 3DSolid create command tm;vHk;ESifh
oufqkdifygonf/

Options Dialog Box \ 3D Modeling Tab &Sd 3D objects acgif;pOfatmufwi G f Dele-

tion Control while creating 3D objects wGif Munfh½Iyg/ Prompt to delete profile and path
curves wGifxm;jcif;jzifh Command rsm;toHk;jyKpOf Erase Defining objects? udkawGYjrif&rnf
jzpfNyD; xdkae&mü Yes / No udk a&G;cs,fEdkifcGifh &Sdygonf/
Delobj Variable rSmwefzdk; -2 rS 2 txd (5)rsdK; Set vkyfEkdifonf/

Options in Extrude Command

Extrude Command udk toH;k jyK&mü Direction, path, Taper angle ponfh option (3)ck
yg0ifonf/
Direction option
vufawGYavhvm&ef Extrude2.dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHkwGif ckH&Snf wpfck\ 2D profile udk a&;qGJxm;onf/ Outline onf a&jyifnDtwdkif;r[kwfbJ
WCS plane ay:wGif axmifvsuftaetxm; &Sdaeonf/
yxryHk (1)udk Extrude vkyfMunfhygrnf/
Command: extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: yHk(1) udk Select vkyfyg
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] < >: -1200
Height wGif tEIwfwefzdk;ay;jcif;jzifh Munfh½Iaeaom jrifuGif;\ taemufzufodkY Ex-

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 Applied AutoCAD

trude vkyfEdkifygonf/ Height wefzdk;udk *Pef;jzifh razmfjybJ Screen ay:wGif trSwf(2)rSwf udk
axmufjyívnf; Height udk azmfjyEkdifonf/
Command: extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: yHk(2)udk Select vkyfyg/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle] <-1200.0000>: d
Specify start point of direction: Osnap wGif Endpoint awmif;í P1trSwf wGijf yyg/
Specify end point of direction: P2 trSwf wGifjyyg/
P1,P2 rsOf;onf Extrude jyKvkyfrnfh 2D Profile jzifh axmifhrwfusaetxm;&Sdygonf/
Direction option udk oHk;jcif;jzifhxk\ wefzdk;udk azmfjyp&mrvdkonfhtjyif? P1-P2 odkYr[kwf P2-
P1 pojzifh p qHk; rSwfudk vdkonfhzufodkY xkudk jzpfapEdkifygonf/

yHk(3)wGif Direction twGuf toHk;jyKrnfh P3-P4 trSwfonf 2D Profile ESifh axmifrwfus

taetxm;wGif r&SdbJ Argle apmif;aeygonf/ Direction option udk oHk;í P3-P4 trSwfwdkYwGif
jyNyD; Extrude jyKvkyfMunfhyg/ 3D Solid object udk xdk Direction tapmif;twkdif; &&SdEdkifygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Taper Angle option

Taper Angle Option onf Extrude jyKvkyf&mü 2D profile udk owfrSwf Angle jzifh
cRefay;Edkifonf/ Taper Angle udk tEIwfjzifh azmfjyygu tay:odkY um;í Endplane onf
rlvt&G,fxufydkBuD;vmrnf/Taper Angle onf 2D Profile odkYaxmifhrwfusrsOf;rS pkoGm;?
um;oGm;aom wefzdk;jzpfonf/
Extrude3.dwg udk zGifhyg/ yHkwGif Radius 1000 t&G,f puf0dkif;wpfcka&;qGJxm;onf/

Command: extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: puf0dkif;udk Select vkyy
f g/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: t
Specify angle of taper for extrusion <0>: 15
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: 1000
Taper angle 15 tjrifh 1000 jzifh Extrude jyKvkyfonf/
Taper jyKvkyf&mü rdrday;aom Angle onf tvGefBuD;aeNyD; ay;aom tjrihfü object
onf r&yfwnfEdkifygu jyKvkyfay;rnf r[kwfyg/

( Extrude Command \ path option udk Sweeping Mothod wGif Munfhyg/ )

Polysolid and Thicken Commands

Extrude Command uJhokdYyif Object rsm;udk xkxnfhay;Edkifaom Command (2)ckrSm

Polysolid ESihf Thicken Command rsm;jzpfonf/

Polysolid

Line, Arc, 2D Polyline, Circle object rsm;udk txlESifhtjrifhudk xnfhay;jcif;jzifh 3D

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 Applied AutoCAD

Solid object udk &&Sjd zpfay:apEdi

k o Yk jyif Polysolid Command jzifh rsO;f rsm;a&;qGo
f nf/ xdt J uJo
h Ykd
vdkovdk a&;qGJNyD; 3DSolid rsm;udk &&SdapEdkifygonf/
Polysolid.dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHkwGif tcef;wpfck\ eH&Htjzpf Closed Polyline wpfckESifh twGif;eH&Hrsm;tjzpf Line
rsm;a&;qGJxm;onf/

Command: polysolid
Height = 4.0000, Width = 0.2500, Justification = Center
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:
Options rsm;tjzpf Object, Height, Width, Justify wdYk yg0ifonf/
Object onf a&;qGJxm;aom Line, 2D polyline, Arc, Circle Object rsm;udk Select vkyfí
3DSolid udk jyKvkyf&ef
Height - jzpfay:vmrnfh 3DSolid \ tjrifh
Width - jzpfay:vmrnfh 3DSolid \ txl
Justify - jzpfay:vmrnfh 3DSolid onf vuf&dS Object \ b,f nm tv,f pojzifh a&G;cs,E f ikd &f ef
Left/Center/ Right wdkYyg0ifonf/ Left,Right onf a&;qGJcJhaom Polyline, Line,Arc wdkY\
prSwfqHk;rSwfwdkYESifhoufqkdifNyD; xdktay:rlwnfí owfrSwfay;rnf/ toHk;trsm;qHk;rSmWall Line
rsm;\ Center Line udk ,líeH&HjyKvkyfjcif;jzpfonf/
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: h
Specify height <80.0000>:200
Height = 80.0000, Width = 5.0000, Justification = Center
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>: w
Specify width <5.0000>:15
Height = 80.0000, Width = 5.0000, Justification = Center
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:
Select object: Polyline udk Select vkyy f g/
Width-15, Height - 200 &Sdaom 3Dsolid eH&Hudk &&Sdygrnf/
qufvufí twGif; Line rsm;twkdif; Polysolid udk a&;qGJMunfhygrnf/ Osnap- End Point
awmif;xm;yg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command : Polysolid
Height = 200.0000, Width = 15.0000, Justification = Center
Specify start point or [Object/Height/Width/Justify] <Object>:
Specify next point or [Arc/Undo]:
twGif;eH&HrsOf;wpfzufpGef;rS tjcm;wpfzufpGef;txd rsOf;a&;qGJouJhodkY qGJoGm;ygu
eH&Hudk&&Sdygrnf/
Polysolid wGif Object Option udk oHk;vQif 3DSolid udk rl&if; Object \ Layer
twkdif;&&Sdrnf jzpfNyD; Polysolid jzifha&;qGJvQif Current Layer twkdif; Object udk&&Sdygrnf/

Thicken

Thicken Command onf Model rsm;jyKvkyf&mü txl;toHk;0ifaom Command

wpfckjzpfNyD; Extrude Command jzifh rjyKvkyfEdkifaom t&nftcsif;topfwpfckyifjzpfonf/
Surface (Planar, Extrusion, Sweep, Loft, Revolve) ponfh Surface Type tm;vHk;udk
xkxnfhay;Edkifonf/ Extrude onf Planar object udkom xkxnfhay;EdkifonfudkowdjyKyg/
Thicken.dwg udz k iG yhf g/

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHkwGif Surface trsdK;rsdK;udk a&;qGJxm;NyD; xkd Surface rsm;udk xkxnfhjcif;jzifh 3DSolid

Object rsm;tjzpfjyKvkyfMunfhyg/
Command: Thicken
Surface tm;vHk;udk Select vkyfyg/
xk 5 &Sdaom 3DSolids rsm;udk &&Sdygrnf/

Extrude Command \ Path option udk Sweeping Method wGif Munfy

h g/

(3)Sweeping Method

2D outline wpfcuk kd Path vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmuf xkxnfjh cif;udk Sweeping [kac:ygonf/

Path vrf;aMumif; tjzpf toHk;jyKEdkifaom Object Type rsm;rSm-
Line, Arc, Elliptical Arc, 2D Spline, Circle, Ellipse, 3D spline, 3D polyline, Helix, Edge of
3DSolid and Surfaces wdjYk zpfonf/
Sweeping Method wGif Extrude command \ Path option ESifh Sweep command
wdkYyg0ifonf/ Sweep Command onf AutoCAD 2007 rSpí yg0ifvmNyD; ,cifu Path
vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmuf xkxnfh&ef Extrude Command udkom toHk;jyK&onf/
yxrOD;pGm Extrude Command \ Path Option udk avhvmygrnf/ atmufygtcsurf sm;udk
rSwfom;yg/
(1) 2D Profile onf Path vrf;aMumif;ESihf axmifrh wfus taetxm;odYk Angle wpfcak pmif;í
wnf&SdaeEkdifonf/ odkYaomf Path vrf;aMumif;ESifh rsOf;wpfajy;wnf; tNydKif&Sdaeí r&yg/
(2) 2D Profile onf Path vrf;aMumif;ESifh axmifhrwfjzpfap? apmif;aeonfjzpfap? Path
vrf;aMumif;onf rsOf;wpfjzwfxJ&Sdaom line , Polyline wpfck jzpfygu Extrude vkyfNyD;aemuf
&&Sdaom 3Dsolid \ End Plane onf rlv 2D Profile ESifhtNydKif wpf&G,fwnf;&&Sdrnf/
(3) Path vrf;aMumif;onf wpfqpfcsdK;rsm;yg0ifaom Polyline wpfckjzpfygu 2D Profile
onf axmifhrwfus taetxm;&SdvQif End plane onf rlv Profile \ t&G,ftwkdif; &Sdaernf/
Profile onf axmifrh wfrusbJ apmif;aeygu End plane onf path vrf;aMumif;udk axmifrh wfus
tqHk;owf&ojzifh rlvt&G,ftwdkif; &Sdawmhrnf r[kwfay/
(4) 2D Profile onf Path vrf;aMumif;ESifh wpfae&mwnf;wGif&Sdp&m rvdkyg/ odkYaomf path

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 Applied AutoCAD

vrf;aMumif;\ prSwf(rdrd&nf&G,fxm;aomzuf)ESifh ydkíeD;pyfaom ae&mwGif &Sd&rnf/ Path

vrf;aMumif;\ qHk;rSwf ESifhydkí eD;aomae&mwGif &Sdír&yg/ taumif;qHk;rSm Path vrf;aMumif;
tpwGif a&;qGJxm;jcif;yif jzpfonf/
(5) Extrude jyKvkyfrnfh 2D Profile onf t&G,fBuD;í Path vrf;aMumif;&Sd Segments
rsm;tvGefwdkvsif vnf;aumif;? axmifhcsdK;rsm; tvGefusOf;ajrmif;aevQif vnf;aumif; Extrude
vkyfay;Edkifrnf r[kwfyg/
(6) Path vrf;aMumif;onf Closed Boundary 2D or 3D polyline ywfvnfabmifyw d jf zpfygu
Path vrf;aMumif; twGuf Start-Endpoint wpfcu k kd ae&mowfrwS af &;qGaJ y;&efvykd gonf/(vufawGY
avhusifhcef;wGifMunfhyg/)

vufawGYavhvm&ef Extrude4.dwg udk zGifhyg/

yHk(1)wGif avScg;xpfwpfck\ Profile udk plan wGif a&;qGJxm;onf/ xdkyHkudk path
vrf;aMumif;ESifh axmifhrwf us&ap&ef atmufygenf; udk oHk;Edkifonf/ Right click ESdyfNyD; Copy
with Basepoint (od)Yk Ctrl + Shift + C udk ESy
d yf g/ End point snap awmif;xm;Ny;D B trSww
f iG jf yyg/
avScg;xpfyHkudk Select vkyfyg/ Clipboard copy vkyfodrf;xm;jcif; jzpfonf/ UCS II Toolbar rS
Front udk a&G;ygu UCS onfaxmifoGm;rnf/ Right click udk ESdyfNyD; paste (odkY ) Ctrl +V udk
ESdyfygu Cursor wGif avScg;xpf yHk ygvmrnfjzpfNyD; S1 trSwfwGifae&mcsyg/

Command : Ext rude

Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: avScg;xpfukd Select vkyyf g/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: p
Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: path vrf;aMumif;udk Select vkyy
f g

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)wGif Path vrf;aMumif;onf Arc tauG;jzpf&m OD;pGm Center rStem;pGef;wpfzufodkY

rsOf;wpfaMumif; Corstruction tjzpfa&;qGJyg/ Space xJwGif position trsdK;rsdK;jzifh wnf&Sdaom
Arc rsm;udk path tjzpfoHk;vdkvQif þenf;udkoHk;yg/ UCS \ Object option ESifh Arc udk xdí
UCS udk Align vkyfEkdifaomfvnf; ,ckenf;rSm ydkí aumif;rGefygonf/
USC Toolbar rS 3 point udk awmif;yg/ P1, P2, P3 trSwfwdkYwGifazmfjyyg/ X-0if½dk;udk
vSnfhaxmif&ef UCS Toolbar rS X udk ESdyfyg/ -90 ½dkufí vSnfhaxmifyg/ ,cktcg UCS Plane
onf rdrv d &kd m Position &NyD jzpfojzifh Ctrl + V ESyd í
f Paste vkyjf cif;jzifh avScg;xpfyu
kH akd e&mcsNy;D
Extrude vkyy f g/

yHk(3)wGif Solid Box wpfck\ ab;pGef;wGif avScg;xpfyHkudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ 3DSolid wpfck\

Edge rsm;udk Path tjzpftoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
Command: extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: avScg;xpfudk Select vkyfyg/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: p
Select extrusion path or [Taper angle]: Ctrl key udkESdyfí A1-A2 Edge udk Select vkyfygu
Extrude vkyfay;ygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Extrude5.Dwg udk zGifhyg/

yHkwGif 3D Polyline udk Path tjzpftoHk;jyKí Extrude jyKvkyfxm;yHkudk jyoxm;onf/
wpfzufwGif 2D Profile wpfckudk abmifydwf ywfvnfudk Extrude jyKvkyf&ef
atmufajcwGif Path vrf;aMumif;udk a&;qGaJ y;xm;onf/ xdíClick vkyMf unfyh g/ Profile wnf&adS om
atmuf a jcwG i f Vertex wpf c k & S d a eonf u d k awG Y & rnf / ywf v nf a bmif y d w f & S d a om Path
vrf;aMumif;rsm;udk a&;qGJ&mü 2D Profile xm;rnfh ae&mwGif Start -End point &Sd&ef a&;qGJ ay;
&ygrnf/ þyHkwGif yxrOD;pGm Polygon jzifh 6 axmifhyHkOD;pGm a&;qGJNyD; Pline ESifh Edge \
tv,frSwfaeí pNyD;jyefvnf a&;qGJxm;jcif;jzifh Start- Endpoint udk jzpfay:apygonf/
Extrude vkyMf unfyh g/

Extrude6 .dwg udk zGifhyg/

yHkwGif vufawGYa&;qGJMunfh&ef acgifrdk;yHkwpfck\ ywfvnfwGif Eave Board wyf&ef 3D
polyline jzifh Profile wnf&Sm&m ae&mrS a&;ywfxm;onf/ Extrude - path jzifh Extrude
jyKvkyfMunfhyg/
'kwd,yHkwGif eH&HwpfavQmuf Molding Line wpffckudk a&;qGJ&ef Path vrf;aMumif;udk 3D
Polyline, Arc wdjYk zifh a&;qGx
J m;onf/rvdt k yfaomtjcm; Layer rsm;udk Off vkyv kd Nf y;D Extrude
f u
jyKvyk Mf unfyh g/ Path vrf;aMumif;wGif Arc yg0ifojzifh (3)ydik ;f tjzpfa&;qGx
J m;onf/ 3D polyline
wGif Arc rsm;yg0if ra&;qGJEdkifyg/ yxr 3D Polyline wpfavQmuf Extrude jyKvkyfyg/ NyD;vQif
Zoom jzifh vrf;aMumif;tqHk;rsufESmjyifudk Munfhyg/Ctrl zdNyD; Left click ESdyfygu xdkrsufESmjyifudk
Select vkyaf y;xm;ygrnf/ Extrude qufvy k yf g/ tjcm;wpfzufwiG v f nf; 2D profile udk Extrude

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 Applied AutoCAD

jyKvkyfyg/Extrude jyKvkyfNyD; yHkudkvnf;jyxm;onf/

þavhusifhcef;udk erlemjyKí Molding rsm; Cornice rsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifygvdrfhrnf/
3D Polyline udk Path tjzpfa&;qGJ&mü Z Level rsm; Angle apmif;í tedrfhtjrifh
ajymif;onfah e&mrsm;wGif 2D Profile udk vdrzf ,fí roGm;bJ rSeu
f efpmG Align jzpfap&ef owdjyKí
a&;qGJ&ygrnf/ vkyfief;cGifwGif tvkyfvkyfaeonfh twkdif; pOf;pm;a&;qGJygrnf/
Extrude 7.dwg udk zGifhí avScg;vuf,rf; udk avhvmMunfh½Iyg/

Sweep Command

Sweep Command onf Extrude Command \ Path option udk Command

wpfcktaeESifh oD;oefYcGJxkwfjyKvkyfxm; jcif;yifjzpfonf/ Sweep Command (odkY) Extrude
Path option wd k Y E S i f h j yKvk y f & ½S d a om Object rS m twl w l y if j zpf o nf / Sweeping Method
jzifjh yKvyk &f ½Sad om Object rsm;udk Object \ Geometry wGif (Twist) vdrfjcif;? (Scale) wzufoYkd
ao;oGm;?Mu;D oGm; atmif jyKjyifjcif;rsm;jyKvyk Ef ikd yf gonf/ xdt k aMumif;udk Manipulating 3DSolids
& Surfaces wGifMunfh½IEdkifonf/
Sweep Command udktoHk;jyK&mü atmufyg tcsuftvufrsm;udk rSwfom;xm;&ygrnf/

(1) Sweep jyKvkyfrnfh 2D profile onf Path vrf;aMumif;ESifh axmifhrwfusxm;ay;&efrvdkyg/

Profile rsm;udk Plan View wGia f nf/ Profile \rnfonft
f &;qGJ xm;Ny;D toH;k jyKEikd o f kd Path
h rSwu
vrf;aMumif;ü xm;vdkonfudk Sweep Command \ Base point ESifhaz:jy ay;Edkifonf/ Sweep
jyKvkyfaomtcg 2D profile udk Path vrf;aMumif;wGif tvdktavQmuf axmifhrwfusxm;NyD;
jyKvkyfay;oGm;rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(2) Sweep vkyv f akd om Profile udk Path vrf;aMumif;ESihf tvdt k avQmufaxmifrh wfus roGm;apvdb k J
vuf½dS Profile udak &;qGo
J wfrwS f xm;aom Position twdik ;f om Path wpfavQmufomG ;apvdv k Qif
Sweep Command \ Alignment Opition wGif No ay;xm;Edi k o
f nf/
(3) ywfvnfabmif ydwf Path vrf;aMumif;rsm;twGuf Extrude \ Path option udt k oH;k jyKouJo h Ykd
Start-Endpoint wpf c k j yKvk y f o wf r S w f a y;xm;p&mrvd k y g/ tvd k t avQmuf w G u f c suf j yKvk y f
ay;oGm;rnf/
(4) Extrude Command - Path option wGif &½Sv d maom 3D object onf 2D profile ½Sad omae&m
wGifjzpfay:vmNyD; Sweep Command wGif Object onf Path ½Sdaomae&mwGifjzpfay:vmrnf/
(5) Sweep jyKvkyfEdkifaom Object ESifh Path vrf;aMumif;tjzpftoHk;jyKEdkifaom Object rsm;onf
Extrude path ESifhtwlwlyifjzpfonf/
(6) ta&;tBuD;qHk;rSwf&eftcsufrSm 2D profile udk Plan wGifa&;qGJxm;NyD; Sweep twGuf
toHk;jyKrnf qdkygu UCS onf 2D profile ESifhtNydKif World wGifom½Sdae&rnf/ UCS onf
Position wpfck odkYajymif;aevQif profile udk Path ½Sd&modkY rSefuefatmif xm;ay;rnfr[kwfyg/
vufawGUavhvm&ef-
Sweep1.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif Plan twdkif; 2D profile (2)ck½Sdaeygonf/ 2D Profile
kd nfh Direction twdik ;f (Oyrm- tvS?J taxmif) pojzifah &;qGx
udak &;qG&J mü toH;k jyKvo J m;&ygrnf/
Sweep Command roHk;rSD UCS onf Profile rsm;ESifh tNydKif½Sdaeraeudkvnf; owd½Sd&ygrnf/
yxrOD;pGm A Profile udk Sweep vkyfMunfhygrnf/

Command: sweep
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to sweep: A yHkudk Select vkyfyg/
Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]:B

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 Applied AutoCAD

Specify base point: Base point tjzpf yHk\atmufajcrdrdESpfouf&mae&mudk Snap

jzifhjyyg/
Select sweep path or [Alignment/Base point/Scale/Twist]: Path vrf;aMumif;udk P1
trS w f z uf w G i f Select vk y f y g/ Path vrf ; aMumif ; ud k P2 zuf w G i f u yf í jyvQif Profile
udkxdktrSwfzufrSpí Sweep vkyfrnfjzpfí &v'fjcif;wlrnfr[kwfyg/
B profile udkvnf; prf;oyfMunfhyg/
Sweep Command wGif Alignment Option yg0ifNyD; tu,fí Profile udkrdrdvdkovdk
Position wGifxm;NyD;jzpfygu Alignment wGif No ajzNyD; Sweep vkyfEdkifonf/ C Profile udk
prf;oyfMunfhyg/
Sweep Command wGif Scale, Twist option rsm;yg0ifNy;D Path vrf;wavQmufwzufpe G ;f odYk
vdrí f aomfvnf;aumif;? Scale ajymif;íaomfvnf;aumif; jyKvyk Ef ikd yf gonf/ Sweeping Method
ESifhjyKvkyf&½Sdaom 3D Solid rsm;udk tcsdefra½G; Profile wGifjyefvnf jyKjyifEdkif&m Manipulate
3D Solids & Surfaces tcef;üomMunfh½Iyg/
Sweep 2.dwg udkzGifhyg/
k iG f 2D profile onf UCS plane ay:wGi½f o
yHw dS nf/ Closed polyline wpfavsmuf Sweep
vkyfMunfhyg/ Extrude - Path option rSmuJhodkY Start - Endpoint jyKvkyfay;xm;&efrvdkbJ Sweep
ay;ygrnf/ Base point udk P1 trSwfwGifaz:jyyg/

(4) Revolving Method

Revolving Method udk Revolve Command jzifhjyKvkyfEdkifonf/ 2D profile udk

0if½dk;aMumif;wpfavsmuf vSnfhí ay;jcif;jzifh 3D object udk&½Sdjzpfay:apaomenf;jzpfonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Revolve jyKvy k af y;Edik af om Object Type rsm;rSm Extruding Method uJo

h yYkd ifjzpfonf/ Revolve
onf½dk;½Sif;aom Command wpfckyifjzpfonf/ 0if½dk;tjzpf trSwf(2)rSwfudkaz:jyívnf;aumif;?
Object wpfckudkjyí xdk Object \ Startpoint Endpoint twdkif; 0if½dk;aMumif; tjzpftoHk;
jyKívnf;aumif; Revolve jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ Revolve Command toHk;jyK&mü atmufyg
tcsufrsm;udkrSwfom;yg/

(1) Revlove jyKvkyfrnfh 2D profile ESifh Axis tjzpftoHk;jyKrnfh Point rsm; (odkY) Object wdkYonf
Plane wckwnf;ay:wGiftwl½Sdae&rnf/ 0if½dk;onf 2D profile ESifh Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif
½SdraevQif Revlove jyKvkyfaomtcg rdrdvdkcsifaom&v'fudk&½Sdrnfr[kwfyg/
(2) Revlove Command udktoHk;jyKpOf Current UCS \ Position udk*½kjyKp&mrvdktyfyg/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Revlove.dwg udkzGifhyg/
trSejf yxm;aomyHrk sm;wGif 2D profile ESit
hf oH;k jyKrnfh Axis onf Plane wpfcw
k nf;ay:wGif
½SdaeNyD; trSm;jyxm;aomyHkrsm;onf rdrdvdkcsifaomyHkpHudk&Edkifrnfr[kwfyg/
vufawGUyHk(1)udk Revolve jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/ Osnap Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/
Command: revolve
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to revolve: yH(k 1)rS Profile udak ½G;yg/
Specify axis start point or define axis by [Object/X/Y/Z] <Object>: Start point tjzpf
P1 trSwfwGifjyyg/xdkodkYjyjcif;jzifh yHkudk P2 zufrS P1 zufodkYMunfh½IaeonfuJhodkY Angle
udk Counter Clockwise twdkif;ay;Edkifonf/ Angle wGif tESKwfwefzdk;ay;vQif Clockwise
twdkif;vSnfhay;vdrfhrnf/ ,ck 180 twdkif;jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/
Specify axis endpoint: Axis Endpoint tjzpf P2 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify angle of revolution or [STart angle] <360>: 180

Angle wGif STart Angle option onf Profile udp

k í Revlove vky&f mü rlvae&mrS rp
apbJowfrSwfay;vdkufaom Angle rSp ap&efjzpfonf/ Oyrm-30 'D*&Day;ygu ,ck 2D profile

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 Applied AutoCAD

½Sdaomae&mESifh Revlove tpjyKaomae&mMum;axmifh 30 ½Sdygrnf/

Axis twGuf trSw(f 2)rSwr f az:jybJ Axis twGuf Object udk Select jyKvyk í
f az:jyvQi&f
aomf v nf ; Point rsm;ud k axmuf j yjcif ; onf Revole angle ud k a y;&mü yd k í rS e f u ef p G m
pOf;pm;Edkifygvdrfhrnf/
Revolve jyKvkyfí&½Sdaom 3DSolid rsm;udk Properties wGif Revolution Angle
rsm;jyefvnfjyifqifEdkifyHkudk Manipulating 3DSolids and Surfaces tcef;wGiMf unfyh g/

(5) Lofting Method

Lofting Method onf Extruding, Sweeping, Revolving ponfwdkYuJhodkY 2D profile

wpfckwnf;udk toHk;jyKí yHkaz:jcif;r[kwfyg/ Loft wGifjyKvkyfenf;(3)rsdK;yg0ifonf/

(1) Cross - Sections only option

tenf;qHk; 2D profile (2) ck (odkY) (2)ck xufydkí yg0ifEdkifonf/
Cross - section tjzpftoHk;jyKEdkifaom Object rsm;ü abmifydwf Area ½Sdaom Object rsm;ESifh
abmif y d w f r [k w f a om Object rsm;[l í oD ; oef Y c G J j cm;toH k ; jyK&avonf / Oyrm- Line
wpfaMumif;ESihf Rectangle (Closed polyline) wpfcu k kd Cross- Section rsm;tjzpfa&míroH;k Edik yf g/
abmifydwfr[kwfaomtoHk;jyKEdkifonfh Object Type rsm;rSm-
Line, Area, Elliptical Arc, 2D polyline, 2D spline, 3D polyline, 3D spline wdkYjzpfonf/
abmifydwfArea ½Sdaom toHk;jyKEdkifonfh Object Type rsm;rSm-
2D closed polyline, Circle, Ellipse, Region, Planar Face of 3Dsolid, Planar Surface ,2D
Solid, Trace, Planar3D Face ESihf Point wdjYk zpfonf/ Point Object onfabmifyw d f Area Cross-
sections rsm;ESifhomwGJzuftoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; toHk;jyK&müvnf; (2)ckxufydkaom Cross-sections
rsm;jzpfvQif ta½SU (odkY) taemuf tpGefae&mrsm;üom½Sd&rnf/ tv,fae&mrsm;wGifrxm;Edkifyg/
Cross-sections only udktoHk;jyK&mü atmufygtcsufrsm;udkrSwfom;yg/
(1) txufwGifaz:jycJhNyD;onfhtwdkif; Cross-sections rsm;onftm;vHk;tyGifh(odkY)abmif
yd w f j zpf & rnf / Cross-section rsm;onf X-Y Plane ay:wG i f v nf ; aumif ; ? Z
tjrifhwefzdk;jzifhvnf;aumif; trsdK;rsdK;wnf½SdaeEdkifonf/
(2) Cross-section rsm;ud k Select vk y f & mü tprS t qH k ; od k Y rd r d & nf ½ G , f p D p Of x m;onf h
tpDtpOftwdkif; a½G;cs,fay;&rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(3) Closed Boundary Cross-section ud k toH k ; jyKvQif Cross-section onf Plane

wpfckwnf;ay:wGif tjym;vdkufa&;qGJxm;aom 2D object omjzpf&rnf/ 3D polyline, 3D
spline yHkpHrsm;udkroHk;Edkifyg/
(4) Closed Boundary Cross-section rsm;onf wpfckESifhwpfcktjrifhwefzdk;rsm;rwlnDbJ
wnf½Sdae&rnf/ tm;vHk; Plane wpfckwnf;ay:wGif ½SdaevQifyHkaz:ay;Edkifrnfr[kwfyg/
(5) Current UCS \ Position udk Loft Command toHk;jyK&mü *½kjyKp&mrvdktyfyg/
(6) Closed Boundary Cross-section rsm;onf yHak z:r&½SE
d ikd af tmif½yI af xG;aevQiv
f nf;aumif;?
½IyfaxG;rIr½Sdonfhwdkif Cross-section only oufoufjzifhyHkraz:ay;Edkifonfh tajctaersm;
wGifvnf;aumif; Loft vkyfray;Edkifyg/

vufawGUavhvm&ef Loft 1.dwg udkzGifhyg/

yHk(1)wGif Spline (2) ckudk tedrfh tjrifh rnDatmifa&;qGJxm;onf/
Command: loft
Select cross sections in lofting order: Spline wpfcNk y;D wpfck Select vkyy f g/
Select cross sections in lofting order:
Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross sections only] <Cross sections only>:
loft Settings Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
Surface Control at Cross section wGif (4) rsdK;yg0ifonf/
,ck y H k w G i f Cross-section (2)ck u d k o mtoH k ; jyKxm;ojzif h Ruled (od k Y ) Smooth
BudKufESpfouf&mwpfckudka½G;cs,fyg/ Ok udkESdyfyg/ vdkufumyHk Lofted surface udk&½Sdrnf/

(83)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)wGif Polyline wpfckESifh 3D polyline wpfckudk Section rsm;tjzpftoHk;jyKxm;onf/

Cross-section (2)ckwGifyg0ifaom Segments rsm;wlnDatmifa&;qGJxm;jcif;jzifh tcsdK;usaom
yHkudk&½SdaponfudkowdjyKyg/ Ruled (odkY) Smooth BudKuf&ma½G;cs,fEdkifonf/ twlwlyifjzpfonf/

yHk(3)wGif Arc wpfckESifh 3D spline wpfckwdkYyg0ifonf/ Cross-section (2)ck\ Start End

point rsm;onfxad wGUa&;qGJ xm;Edi k o kd wdjyKyg/ Ruled (or) Smooth BuKd u&f ma½G;cs,Ef ikd o
f nfuo f nf/

(84)
 Applied AutoCAD

yH k ( 4)wG i f Cross-section (3) ck y g0if o nf / t½G , f t pm;rnD a om Arc

oHk;ckjzifha&;qGJxm;onf/
Command :Loft
Select cross sections in lofting order:
taemufzuf Arc rSa½SUodkY tpDtpOftwdkif; wpfckpD Select vkyfyg/ rdrdpí Select
vkyfaomzufonf Start tqHk;onf End jzpf onfudkowdjyKyg/
Loft Setting wGi-f
- Ruled udkESdyfygu rsOf;wajzmifhwnf;qufay;rnf/
- Smooth fit- udkESdyfygu ajyjypfaom rsOf;auG;jzifhomqufay;rnf/
- Normal to- Start, End, Start and End, All Cross sections [lía½G;cs,f&efrsm;yg0ifonf/
Normal \oabmrS Cross-section udkxdawGU&mü twwfEdkifqHk; Cross-sec
tion ESiahf xmifr
h wf½adS p&ef xdr;f odr;f ay;jcif;jzpfonf/ Options wpfcu
k akd ½G;cs,í
f
avhvmMunfh½Iyg/
- Draft Angles- Draft Angle onf Normal to wGif Set vkyfxm;aom Presets rsm;udktoHk;
rjyKbJrdrdzgom pdwfBudKufyHkaz:&efjzpfonf/
Start Angle, End angle rsm;wGif 90 onf Cross-section rSaxmifhrwfus
qufoG,f &efjzpfNyD; 0 udkay;ygu Cross-section ESifhtNydKifqufoG,fay;rnf/
vufawGU End Angle wGif 0 udkay;yg/ tqHk;zufonfab;odkYum;íoGm;ygrnf/ End magnitude
wGix
f yfrí H wefz;kd ay; jcif;jzifh Cross-section jzifyh í f nf/ 10 udak y;yg/
kd tNyKd ijf zpfatmifjyKvyk Ef ikd o
wefzdk;rsm;trsdK;rsdK;ay;íprf;oyfjyKvkyfMunfhyg/

(85)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(5)wGif Cross-section rsm;rSm Closed Boundary rsm;jzpfonf/ atmufqHk;wGif½Sdaom

Object rSm 3D Solid Box wpfckjzpfNyD; xdk Box \rsufESmjyifudk Cross-section tjzpftoHk;csí
xdyfqHk;onf Point trSwfwpfckjzpfonf/
Command:Loft
Select cross sections in lofting order:
Ctrl udzd Box \tay:rsuEf mS jyiftv,fwiG f Click csygu Plane udk Select vkyaf y;rnf/
kí
qufvufí tpDtpOfwdkif; Point txd Select vkyfyg/ Loft Settings wGif Smooth udk a½G;
cs,fMunfhyg/
&½Sdvmaom 3D Solid object onf atmufajc Box ESifhoD;oefY jzpfonfudkowfjyKyg/

yH k ( 6)wG i f yef ; td k ; wpf t d k ; \yH k p H j yKvk y f & ef Cross-section rsm;a&;qG J x m;onf /

yef;tdk;twGif;ydkif;tayguftwGuf Section - 6 ESifh 7 udka&;qGJxm;onf/ Loft Command jzifh
eHygwfpOftwdkif; Section rsm;udk Select jyKvyk yf g/ Loft settings wGif Draft angle ü Start angle
90, End angle -0 ay;jcif;jzifh twGif;aygufudkjyKvkyfMunfhyg/
txufygerlem (6) ckudkavhvmjcif;jzifh Cross-sections only udkem;vnfoabm
aygufíaumif;pGmtoHk;jyKEdkifygvdrfhrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(2) loft - Path option

Cross-section object rsm;onfrsOf;wpfajy;wnf;r[kwfbJ tauGUtcsdK;rsm;yg0ifaom
Path vrf;aMumif;wpfaMumif;ay:wGifwnf½Sd aomtpdwftydkif;rsm;jzpfygu Cross-sections only
ud k t oH k ; rjyKEd k i f a wmh y g/ Loft \ Path option ud k t oH k ; jyK&ygrnf / yxrOD ; pG m Path
vrf;aMumif;udka&;qGJ&ygrnf/ xdk Path vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmuf Cross-section rsm;udk ae&mcsNyD;
Loft jyKvkyf&ygrnf/
Path vrf;aMumif;tjzpftoH;k jyKEi kd af om Object Type rsm;rSm Line, Arc, Elliptical Arc,
2D spline, 3D spline, Helix, Circle, Ellipse, 2D polyline, 3D polyline wdjYk zpfonf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Loft2.Dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif Arc wpfck\ prSwfESifhqHk;rSwfwGif Circle, Point Object rsm;udka&;qGJNyD; xdk
Arc udk path tjzpftoHk;jyKí qifpG,fyHkwpfckudk jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/
Command: loft
Select cross sections in lofting order: Circle ESihf Point udk Select vkyyf g/
Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross sections only] <Cross sections only>: p
Select path curve:Path Curve tjzpf Arc udk Select vkyy f g/

yHk(2)wGif Polyline rsOf;auG;wpfcktwdkif; t½G,frnDaom Rectangle Cross-sections

rsm;udtk oH;k jyKí yHak z:Munf&h efjyKvyk yf t kH qifq h jkd yxm;ygonf/ Path udt
h ifu k oH;k jyKí Loft vky&f ef
a&;qG&J müa&;qGo J t
l zdt
Yk "duawGU&rnft h cuftcJrmS xdk Path wpfavQmuf Cross-sections rsm;udk
Position rSeaf tmifae&mcsxm;&efyifjzpfonf/ Path vrf;aMumif;wpfavsmuf tcsKd ;auGaY e&mrsm;wGif
vkod vdk yHpk cH s&ef UCS udk toH;k jyKEikd af omfvnf; rsm;pGm vuf0ifygvdrrhf nf/ þerlemwGif yxrOD;pGm
Rectangle wpfckwnf;udk Extrude-Path Option toHk;jyKí Extrude vkyfjcif;jzifh 3D Solid udk

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 Applied AutoCAD

OD;pGm jzpfay:aponf/ xdk 3DSolid \ tcsdK;tauGU ae&mrsm;wGif Edge rsm;udk vdkcsifygu

Xedges Command udk toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/
Command : xedges
Select objects: 3DSolid udk Select vkyy f g/
Edge rsm;tm;vHk;udk &&Sdaeygrnf/ 3DSolid udk Erasc vkyfjcif;jzifh Edge rsm;om
use&f cdS rhJ nf/ rvdtk yfaom ab;rsO;f rsm;udk zsuv kd yf g/ 3 Point UCS udk toH;k jyKí Edge rsm;wGif
f u
uyfNyD; vdktyfaom yHkpHudk tvG,fwula&;qGJjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
tqifoifhjzpfvQif Loft jyKvkyfMunfhyg/

yH(k 3)wGif 3D Polyline wpfcEk iS hf Cross-Section (2)ckyg0ifaom yHw

k pfyu
kH kd OD;pGma&;qGx
J m;ygonf/
Prdit Command udk toHk;jyKí 3D Polyline udk Spline yHkpHajymif;vdkufonf/ Cross-section
(2)ckonf Plane wpfckwnf;ay: tNydKif&Sdaomfvnf; Path optoin udk toHk;jyKrnfjzpfojzifh
jyóemr&Sdonfudk owdjyKyg/ Loft jyKvkyfMunfhyg/
txuf y gerl e mrsm;ud k pOf ; pm;qif j cif í Path Option toH k ; jyKa&;qG J y H k u d k
em;vnfoabmaygufygvdrfhrnf/

(3)Loft- Guide Lines option

Guide Lines rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;jzifh wdusaom twkdif;twm&Sdonfh Shape rsm;udk
jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ xdkYtjyif Cross Section rsm;udk trsm;tjym; a&;qGJay;&ef rvdktyfawmhay/
Guide line rsm;onf Cross-section rsm;udk wGJqufay;xm;onfh Out line rsm;jzpfonf/ xdk Out
line twdkif; Object udk yHkay:&&Sdapygrnf/ Guide line udk wpfaMumif;rS taMumif;ta&twGuf
vHkavmufonftxd a&;qGJtoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
Guide Line rsm;udk toHk;jyK&mü owdjyK&rnfh tcsufrsm;rSm -
(1) Guide Line rsm;onf Cross Section rsm;jzifhxdawGYae&rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(2) J m;aom Guide Line rsm;udk toH;k jyKvQif Loft vkyaf y;rnfr[kwyf g/
yHak zmfr&atmif a&;qGx
(3) Guide Line tjzpf toH;k jyKEi dk af om Object Type rsm;rSm Line, Arc, Elliptical Arc, 2D
& 3D Spline, 2D & 3D Polyline wdjYk zpfonf/
vufawGY avhvm&ef Loft 3.dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHk (1)wGif wlnDaom Cross-Section (2)ckudk yHkpHwlaom Guide Line rsm;jzifh wdusaom
Shape &Sdonfh 3D Solid object rsm;tjzpf jyKvkyfxm;onf/
Command: loft
Select cross sections in lofting order: Cross-Section rsm;udka&G;yg/
Enter an option [Guides/Path/Cross sections only] <Cross sections only>: g
Select guide curves: Guide Line rsm;udk Select vkyy f g/

yHk (2) wGifvnf; Guide Line rsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD; axmifhrsm;vHk;0ef;aom 3D Solid object
wpfckjyKvkyfjyxm;onf/

yH(k 3)wGif 3D SplineESihf Arc (2)ckukd Cross-Section rsm;tjzpfvnf;aumif;? Arc (2)ckukd

Guide Line rsm;tjzpfvnf;aumif; toHk;jyKí xD;&Guf wpfcsyfudk jyKvkyfjyxm;onf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(6) Converting Objects to 3DSolids & Surfaces

Width, Thickness ay;xm;onfh Polyline object rsm;? Closed polyline rsm; udk Thick-
ness ay;xm;aom object rsm;? Thickness ay;xm;aom Cicrle object rsm; - udk 3DSolid object
rsm;tjzpf Convtosolid Command udktoHk;jyKí ajymif;vJ&,lEdkifygonf/ rl&if; object rsm;
usef&SdraevdkvQif Delobj udk 1wGifxm;&efowd&Sdyg/
2D Solid, Region, Thickness ay;xm;aom Zero-width Polyline, Line, Arc rsm;ESihf Planar 3D
face rsm;udk Convtosurface Command jzifh Surface(Planar), Surface (Extrusion) rsm;tjzpf
Convert vkyfEkdifygonf/
vufawGYMunfh½I&ef Conv1.dwg udk zGifhyg/
k iG f Thick ESihf Width ay;xm;aom Polyline rsm;? Width rygbJ Thickness ay;xm;aom
yHw
Polyline, Thickness ay;xm;aom Circle object rsm;udk Convto solid ESihf 3D Solid rsm;tjzpf
jyKvkyfxm;onf/ jzpfay:vm 3D Solid rsm;onf Current Layer, Current colour rsm;ESifh
roufqdkifbJ rl&if; object rsm;\ ydkifqkdifrI twdkif;om &&Sdrnfudk owdjyKyg/
Conv 2 .dwg wGif 2D Solid line, Arc, Region, Plaran 3D Face object rsm;udk Surface
rsm;tjzpf Convert jyKvkyfxm;onf/

(90)
 Applied AutoCAD

(7) Slicing 3D Solids

yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;&Sdaom ypönf; rsm;udk jyKvkyf&mü Slice Command onf 3DSolids rsm;udk

vSD;jzwfjcif; jzifhyHkpHopfudk&&Sdjzpfay:aponf/ Slice onf 3D Solids rsm;udkom jzwfay;EkdifNyD;
Region, Surface object rsm;udk rvSD;jzwfEkdifyg/
vufawGYjyKvkyf&ef Slice.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif Frame yHkpHwpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ Osnap Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/
Command: slice
Select objects to slice: Frame udk Select vkyfyg/
Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points]
<3points>: 3 point jzifhjzwf&ef Enter acgufyg/
Specify first point on plane: trSwf(1)wGif jyyg/
Specify second point on plane: (2)wGifjyyg/
Specify third point on plane: (3)wGifjyyg/
trSwf (1,2,3)onf Cutting Plance tjzpf object udk jzwfxkwfay;rnf/
Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] <Both>: trSw(f 4)wGif jyyg/
Both udk awmif;vQif jzwfp (2)ckpvHk;udk &&Sdrnf/
Slice Command wGif Cutting Plane tjzpf trSw(f 3)rSwu f kd azmfjyí vnf;aumif;? UCS Plane
rsm;udk toHk;jyKí vnf;aumif;? object wpfckckudk Cutting Plane tjzpf owfrSwf toHk;jyKí
vnf;aumif;? Surface rsm;udk toHk;jyKí vnf;aumif; jzwfEdkifonf/
Object tjzpf Circle, Ellipse, Arc, 2D-Spline , 2D polyline rsm;udk toH;k jyKEi dk o
f nf/
tm;vH;k wGif 3 points option onf toH;k trsm;qH;k ESihf tvG,t f ulq;kH jzpfNy;D trSw(f 3)rSwf azmfjy&ef
tcuftcJ&SdrSom tjcm; option rsm;udk toHk;jyKyg/

(91)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)wGif vHk;ywf(20)tjrifh(100)t&G,f&Sd Cylinder wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ xdk Cylinder udk

tjrifh(150) ae&mwGif (2)ydkif; jzwf&ef UCS udk toHk;jyKMunfhygrnf/
UCS Toolbar rS Origin udk ESdyfyg/
Osnap- Center awmif;NyD; Cylinder atmufajcudk jyygu UCS onf Cylinder atmufajcodkY
a&muf&Sdrnf/ xdkokdY a&TU&jcif;rSm Cylinder onf UCS planc ay:wGif a&;qGJxm;jcif; r[kwfbJ
tjrifh wpfae&mwGif vnf;&SdaeEkdifojzifh aocsmatmif jyKvkyfjcif;jzpfonf/
Command : Slice
Select objects to slice: Cylinder udk Select vkyy f g/
Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/
ZX/3points] <3points>: xy
XY Plane udk Cutting Plane tjzpf owfrw S o
f nf/
Specify a point on the XY-plane <0,0,0>: 0,0,50
þae&mü X-Y Plane \ tay: 50 wGif jzwfvdkonfudk azmfjyEdkifonf/ X-Y Plane onf
Cutting direction jzpfí tjrifhudkvdk&m ajymEdkifygonf
Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] <Both>: b
Both udk oHk;ojzifh (2)zuf pvHk;udk &&Sdygrnf/
þenf;twdik ;f ZX Plane, YZ Plane wdu Yk kd oH;k Edik o k Plane
f nf/ (tjrifh xyfrrH azmfjyvdu
&Sdonfh ae&mwGif omjzwfay;rnf/)

yHk(3)wGif 3D Solid wpfckudk Z-axis Option oHk;í jzwfMunfhygrnf/ Z-axis udk oHk;vQif yxr
Cutting plane &Sdrnfh ae&mtrSwfudk jy&rnf/ 'kwd,jyaom trSwfonf jzwfrnf Cutting plane
udkd axmifhrwfusaom trSwfwpfckudkay;&ygrnf/
Command : Slice
Select objects to slice: Object udk a&G;yg/

(92)
 Applied AutoCAD

Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points]

<3points>: z
Specify a point on the section plane: trSw(f 1)wGif jyyg/
Specify a point on the Z-axis (normal) of the plane: trSw(f 2)wGif jyyg/
Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] <Both>: vd& k mzuf wpfzufukd Snap jzifh
jyyg/
Z-axis onf rdrdodonfh trSwf( 2) rSwfrS axmifhrwfusjzwfvdkaomtcgü oHk;onf/
yHkrSeftm;jzifh toHk;jyKavhr&Sday/
yHk(4)wGif 3DSolid wpfck\ ab;wGifpuf0dkif;wpfcka&;qGJxm;NyD; puf0dkif;onf 3DSolid
atmufajcrS 25 tjrifhwGif wnf&Sdaeonf/ xdkpuf0dkif;udk Cutting Plane tjzpftoHk;jyKMunfhyg/
Command : Slice
Select objects to slice: Object udk a&G;yg/
Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/
ZX/3points] <3points>: o
Select a circle, ellipse, arc, 2D-spline, 2D-polyline to define the slicing plane: Planar Object
tjzpf Circle udk a&G;yg/
Specify a point on desired side or [keep Both sides] <Both>: vd& k mzuf wpfzufukd Snap jzifh
jyyg/

(93)
 Applied AutoCAD

ykH(5)wGif 3DSolid Box wpfckay:wGif jzwfxkwfvdkaom Arc t&mwpfcka&;qGJxm;onf/

Slice command onf yHr k eS f tm;jzifh Cutting Plane udo
k m toH;k jyK&m auG;aeaom rsuEf mS jyiftwkid ;f
rjzwfEdkifyg/ xdk Arc udk OD;pGm Surface tjzpfjyKvkyfygrnf/
Command :Extrude
Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4
Select objects to extrude: Arc udk Select vkyy
f g/
Specify height of extrusion or [Direction/Path/Taper angle]: d
Specify start point of direction: Direction jy&ef trSw(f 1)wGif jyyg/
Specify end point of direction: trSwf(2)wGif jyyg/
Extruded Surface wpfck&ygrnf/ Surface option udk toHk;jyKí jzwf&mü Surface onf
tjzwfc&H rnfh 3D Solid udk tjynfth 0 jzwfoef;ae&rnf/ ydí
k vnf; a&;qGx J m;Edik o
f nf/ vdak evQirf l
jzwfay;rnfr[kwfyg/
Command: slice
Select objects to slice: Box udk Select vkyy f g/
Specify start point of slicing plane or [planar
Object/Surface/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points] <3points>: s
Select a surface: surface udk Select vkyy f g/
Select solid to keep or [keep Both sides] <Both>: Endpoint awmif;Ny;D rdrv
d ckd siaf om zufoYkd
Select vkyfyg/
Surface udk rvdktyfawmhvQif Erase jyKvkyfyg/

(8) Creating Composite Solids

3DSolid object rsm;ud k wpf c k E S i f h w pf c k a &maygif ; jcif ; ? EI w f x k w f j cif ; jzif h Object

topfrsm;ud&k &Sjd zpfay:apEkid yf gonf/ Composite Solids rsm;udk &&Sad pEkid af om Command rsm;rSm

(94)
 Applied AutoCAD

(1) Union
(2) Subtract
(3) Intersect
(4) Intefere wkdYjzpfonf/
Union, Subtract, Intersect Command rsm;udk Region Object rsm;twGuv
f nf; toH;k jyKEidk o
f nf/
Surface rsm;wGifrl toHk;rjyKEdkifyg/

Union Command

toHk;jyK&vG,fulaom Command jzpfonf/ aygif;pyfapvdkaom 3DSolid rsm;udk Se-

lect vkyfvQif wpfckwnf; taejzifh aygif;pnf;ay;rnf/
vufawGYjyKvkyf&ef Union.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif wpfckESifhwpfckxdawGUaeaom 3DSolid (3)ck udkawGY&rnf/ Object (3)ck\
Layer rsm; rwlyg/ Union jyKvkyfaomtcg yxrOD;qHk; Select jyKvkyfaom Object \ Layer
twkdif; aygif;pyfNyD;aom New Object onf jzpfay:vmrnf/
Command : Union
Select objects: t0ga&mifudk t&if Select xdí usef(2)ckudk a&G;yg/ tm;vHk;aygif;pyf
íoGm;NyD; t0ga&mif Layer wGif 3DSolid Object topfwpfck jzpfvmrnf/
yHk(2)wGif wpfckESifhwpfck a&mpyfaeaom 3DSolid (3)ck&Sdonf/ Union jyKvkyfMunfhyg/
yHk(3)wGif wpfckESifhwpfck rxdawGYbJ oD;oefYpD&Sdaeaom 3DSolids (3)ckudk Union
vkyfjcif;jzifh wGJqufaeaom 3DSolid Object wpfcktjzpf &&Sdygrnf/

(95)
 Applied AutoCAD

Solidhist, Showhist, Brep Variables

Union, Sybtract, Intersect ponfh Command rsm;jzifh 3D Solid rsm;udk aygif;jcif;?

EIwfxkwfjcif;rsm;jyKvkyf&mü jyKvkyfNyD;aemufydkif; aemifwpfBudrfwGif jyefvnfjyifqifrIrsm;udk
jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ AutoCAD 2007 rSpí Solid Modeling onf rsm;pGm wdk;wufajymif;vJvmonf
udk awGY&ygonf/

Solidhist
Solidhist Variable udk 0 ESifh 1 Set vkyfEkdifonf/ rlvonf 1 wGif &SdaernfjzpfNyD; Solid
rsm;udk aygif;jcif; EIwfxkwfjcif;rsm;jyKvkyf&mü rlv object rsm;udk jyefvnfMunfh½IEdkif&efESifh
jyKjyifEkdif&ef rSwfom; (Record) xm;ay;ygrnf/ xdkYaMumifh 3DSolid rsm;udk ra&;qGJrSD OD;pGm
Solidhist udk 1wGif &Sdr&Sdppfaq;NyD;rS a&;qGJyg/ 0 wGif&SdaecJhygu Record r&Sdojzifh jyKjyifrIrsm;
vkyfEdkifrnfr[kwfyg/

Showhist
Showhist \ rlvwefzdk;rSm (1)wGif &SdNyD; aygif;jcif;EIwfxkwfjcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyfonfhtcg
jzpfay:vmonfh &v'ftwkdif;om jrif&rnfjzpfNyD; rl&if;yHkpHrsm;udk rjrif&yg/ Showhist udk (2)odkY
Set vkyfvdkufygu rlv object rsm;udk raygif;rSD rEIwfxkwfrSD twkdif; jyefvnfjrifawGYae&NyD;
jyKjyifrIrsm;vnf; jyKvkyfEkdifonf/
vufawGY Command wGif Showhist [k ½dkufí (2)odkY Set vkyfvdkufyg/ rl&if;raygif;pnf;rSD yHkudk
jrif&rnf/
yHk(2)wGif &Sdaom Cylinder udk ae&ma&TYMunfhygrnf/ Ctrl udk zdí Cylinder udk Select vkyfygu
Select jzpfoGm;rnf/ Move command jzifhvdk&mudk a&G;Munfhyg/
NyD;vQif Showhist udk (1)wGif jyefxm;ygu a&maygif;aeonfh object twkdif; jyefjrifae&rnf/

(96)
 Applied AutoCAD

Manipulate 3D Solids & Surfaces tcef;wGif jyefvnfjyKjyifrIrsm; jyKvkyfyHk tao;pdwfudk

avhvmyg/

Subtract Command

Union uJhokdYyif toHk;jyK&vG,fulygonf/

Union ESifh Subtract Command (2)ckudk pdwful;&Sdovdk toHk;cswwfvQif 3D Solid yHktrsdK;rsdK;udk
aumif;pGma&;qGEJ idk f ojzifh Solid Command rsm;xJwiG f toH;k 0ifq;kH Command (2)ck yifjzpfonf/
Subtract onf wpfcr k S wpfck a&mjzwfí aeaom 3D Solid rsm;udk wpfcrk S wpfco
k Ykd EIwx
f w
k jf cif;jzifh
3DSolid object topfwpfckudk &&Sdapygonf/
Subtract.dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif wpfckESifhwpfck a&mpyfaeaom 3D Solid oHk;ckudk awGY&rnf/ tao;(2)ckudk tBuD;xHrS
EIwfxkwfMunfhygrnf/
Command: subtract
Select solids and regions to subtract from ..
Select objects: tBu;D udk Select vkyy
f g/
Select solids and regions to subtract ..
Select objects: EIwfxkwfrnfh tao; (2) ckudk Select vkyfyg/

Subtract vkyf&mü tEIwfxkwfcH&aom object onf ol\ Layer twkdif; yifusef&Sdrnf/ Currect
layer (odkY) EIwfxkwfonfh object rsm;\ Layer rsm;ESifh roufqkdifyg/
yHk(2)wGif eH&H(2)csyfudk jywif;aygufrsm;tjzpf azmufxkwf&ef Solid (2)ck jzwfí
a&;qGJxm;ygonf/

(97)
 Applied AutoCAD

Command: subtract
Select solids and regions to subtract from ..
Select objects: eH&H(2)ckvHk;udk Select vkyfyg/
Select solids and regions to subtract ..
Select objects: jywif;ayguftwGuf object rsm;udk Select vkyfyg/

rlveH&H(2)csyfrSm oD;oefYpD &Sdaom object rsm;jzpfaomfvnf; EIwfxkwfNyD;csdefü object wpfckwnf;

tjzpf aygif;pnf;oGm; onfudk owdjyKyg/
Subtract Command udk toHk;jyKí yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;udk jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/

Subtract 2. Dwg udk zGifhyg/

yHkwGif em&D Body tdrfyHkwpfckudk Top view, Side view wdkYü 2D yHkrsm;a&;qGJNyD; Subtract jzifh
EIwfxkwfí jyKvkyfjyxm;onf/
Subtract onf ½dk;&Sif;aom Command jzpfaomfvnf; toHk;jyKol\ pdwful;ay:rlwnfNyD; trsdK;rsdK;
toHk;csEkdifygonf/ (em&D Body \ atmufzuftydwfudk loft jzifh jyKvkyfxm;onf/)

(98)
 Applied AutoCAD

Intersect Command

wpfckESifhwpfck a&mjzwfaeaom 3DSolids rsm;\ a&mpyfaeonfh tpdwftydkif;udk

&,ljcif;jzpfonf/
Intersect.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif a&mxyfaeaom 3DSolid object (2)ckudk Intersect vkyfMunfh&ef -
Command: Intersect
Select objects: object (2)ckpvHk;udk Select vkyfyg/
þae&mü object (2)ckwGif yxrOD;qHk; Select jyKvkyfaom object \ Layer twkdif;
Intersect jyKvkyfí &&Sdaom object onfjzpfay:vmrnf/

yHk(2)wGif object (3)cka&mxyfaeonf/ Intersect jyKvkyfvQif (3)ckpvHk; a&mxyfrdonfh

ae&m&Sd object udk&&Sdrnf/

yHk(3)wGif object (3)ckpvHk; ra&mxyfrdojzifh Intersect jyKvkyf&mü object (3)ckpvHk;udk

Select vkyvf Qif Intersection r&Syd g/

(99)
 Applied AutoCAD

Interfere Command

3DSolid rsm; wpf c k E S i f h wpf c k a &mxyf a eonf h ae&mud k check vk y f M unf h & ef E S i f h
vdktyfvQifvnf; a&mxyfae onfh ae&mü object topfwpfck udk &&SdapEdkif&ef toHk;jyKEdkifonf/
Intersect onf rl&if; object rsm; aysmufuG,f oGm;NyD; Interfere onf rl&if;rsm; e*dkrlvtwkdif;
&Sdaeojzifh rl&if; rsm; usef&Sdaeapvdku toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
udk zGifhyg/
yHk(1)udk Interfere jyKvkyfMunfh&ef
Command: interfere
Select first set of objects or [Nested selection/Settings]: object wpfcuk kd Select vkyyf g/
Select second set of objects or [Nested selection/checK first set] <checK>: aemuf
object udk Select vkyfyg/
Select second set of objects or [Nested selection/checK first set] <checK>:

(100)
 Applied AutoCAD

Interfere checking Dialog Box wGif object udk vdc f Qif Delect interference objects created
k siv
on close udk Uncheck jyKvkyfyg/ Close udk ESdyfíydwfyg/ jzpfay:vmaom object topfonf
Current Layer wGif &&Sdaprnf/
yHk(2)wGif First set tjzpf object tao;(2)ckESifh Second Set tjzpf object tBuD;udk
Select vkyfyg/ object tBuD;udk Intersect toD;oD;jzpfaeMuaom object (2)ckudk &&Sdrnf/
yHk(3)wGif object (2)ckyg0ifNyD; t0ga&mif object rSm Block wpfckjzpfonf/ xdk Block
object udk azmufcGJp&mrvdkbJ Interfere jyKvkyfEkdifygonf/ jyKvkyfMunfhyg/ tu,fí Interfere
jyKvkyfvdkaom tpdwftydkif; rSm Block wGifyg0ifaom Solid (2)ckrS wpfck jzpfygu Nested
Selectoin udk toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
Command: interfere
Select first set of objects or [Nested selection/Settings]: n
Select nested object or [eXit] <eXit>: Cylinder yHu k kd a&G;yg/
Select nested object or [eXit] <eXit>:
Select first set of objects or [Nested selection/Settings]:
Select second set of objects or [Nested selection/checK first set] <checK>: Box tBu;D udk
a&G;yg/
Select second set of objects or [Nested selection/checK first set] <checK>:

>> Manipulating 3D Solids & Surface

3D Solids & Surfaces Object rsm;udka&;qGJNyD;aemufwGif t½G,ftpm;? taetxm;?

yHkpHwdkYudkjyefvnfjyKjyifEdkifygonf/

Manipulating 3DSolids

3DSolid Object rsm;onf ,if;wdkYudk&½Sdjzpfay:apaom Command rsm;ay:tajccHí

Solid Type [lí Geometry udkxyfrHcGJjcm;owf rSwfxm;yg onf/ xdk Solid Type rsm;ay:rl
wnfNyD; 3DSolid object rsm;onfwpfckESifhwpfck Manipulate vkyfEdkifyHkrsm; vnf;uGmjcm;ygonf/
atmuf w G i f Solid Type rsm;ES i f h , if ; wd k Y u d k & ½S d j zpf a y:apaom Command rsm;ud k p m&if ;

(101)
 Applied AutoCAD

jyKvkyfaz:jyxm;ygonf/

Solid Types of 3Dsolids &½Sdjzpfay:apaom Command rsm;

(1) Box Box

(2) Wedge Wedge
(3) Cone Cone
(4) Sphere Sphere
(5) Cylinder Cylinder
(6) Pyramid Pyramid
(7) Torus Torus
(8) Extrusion Extrusion
(9) Revolve Revolve
(10) Sweep Extrude (Path option)
Polysolid
Sweep
(11) Loft with cross
sections only Loft
(12) Loft with path Loft
(13) Loft with Guide curves Loft
(14) None Thicken
Union
Subtract
Intersect
Interfere

Solid Type rsm;t& rsm;udkjyefvnfjyifqifrSKjyKvkyfvdkygu Object udk Select vkyfxm;NyD;

Right Click ESdyfí Properties udkzGifhí vnf;aumif; ? Command wGif Ch [k½dkufNyD; Properties
Palette udkzGifhxm;NyD; Object udk Select vkyfívnf;aumif; Geometry acgif;pOfatmuf
wGifjyKjyifrSKrsm;vkyfEdkifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Solid Type.dwg udk zGifhyg/
txufygpm&if; (1) rS (7) txdrSm Solid Primitives rsm;jzpfonf/
Command wGif Ch ½dkufí Properties Palette udkzGifhyg/

(102)
 Applied AutoCAD

Primitives - Primitive object wpfcu

k kd pointer jzifh Select vkyv kd yf g/ Oyrm- Box
f u
udk Select vkyyf gu Geometry wGif X, Y, Z Coordirates rsm;ESihf Box \ Length, Width, Height
t½G,fwdkYudk od½SdjrifawGUae&NyD; vdkovdkjyefvnfjyKjyifEdkifonf/ xdkenf;wltjcm; Primitive
rsm;wGifvnf; oufqdkif&mwefzdk;rsm;udkjyefvnfjyifqifEdkifonf/

(103)
 Applied AutoCAD

Extrusion - Height, Taper Angle rsm;jyifEi

kd o
f nf/

Revolve - Angle of Revolation jyifEi

kd o
f nf/

Sweep - Profile Rotation jyifEi

kd o
f nf/
Twist along path, Scale Along path wdjYk yifEi
kd o
f nf/
vufawGU Sweep Type wpfckudk Select vkyfíjyKjyifMunfhyg/

Loft with cross-sections only - Surface Normals rsm;jyefjyifEdkifonf/

Loft with path - Oyrm- Smooth, Ruled ...etc
Loft with Guide curves -

None - Composite solid rsm; thicken jzifh xkxnfhxm;aom Solids rsm;wGif

Geometry az:jyp&mr½Sdojzifh Solid Type None [k owfrSwfEdkifygonf/ xdk Object rsm;\
shape, position rsm;udkjyKjyifvdku Modify Sub objects udktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/

Using Grips to modify 3DSolids

rnfonfh Solid Types jzpfap 3DSolid object rsm;udk pointer jzifh Select vkyx f ad wGUvQif
Grips rsm;udkjrifawGU&rnf/ Grips rsm;udk Solid Type ay:rlwnfí yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd;jrifawGUEdkifonf/
xdk Grips rsm;udk Select vkyfí tvG,fwul t½G,ftpm;jyifqifjcif; rsm;jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ Solid
Type ay:rlwnfí Modify jyKvy h Ykd rjyKvyk Ef ikd af om Object rsm;udv
k Ef ikd yf rkH wlouJo k nf;awGU&rnf/
(Oyrm- Composite solids rsm;)/ xkd 3DSolid object rsm;udk Modify vky&f mü Subobject rsm;udk
toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/

(104)
 Applied AutoCAD

Select and Manipnlate Subobjects

3DSolid object wGif Face, Edge ESifh Vertex wdkYyg0if&m xdk Subobjects rsm;udk Ctrl
Key udkzdí Select vkyfEdkifonf/

vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Subobjects.dwg udkzGifhyg/

3d solids rsm;wGiftrsm;qHk;awGU&rnfrSm Composite Solids rsm;yifjzpfonf/ rlv ge-
ometry rsm;½Sdaom 3dsolids udk Subobjects rsm;jzifh Modify jyKvkyfNyD;vQifxdk object onf
Solid Type - None tjzpfajymif;vJ&½Sdygvdrfhrnf/
yxrOD;pGmyHk(1)wGifa&;qGJxm;aom 3D solid udk Face, Edge, Vertex rsm;rS udkifwG,fí
yHkpHjyifMunfhygrnf/ Ortho-on xm; yg/
(1) Ctrl udz
k v
d u
kd v f Qif pointer wGif Cross-hair rsm;aysmufu, G Nf y;D Pick Box omuseaf ernf/
F1 ae&mwGif Pick vkyfyg/ F1 rsufESmjyifonf Select jzpfoGm;rnf/ Ctrl Key udkvTwfvdkufyg/
Grip trS w f p uf 0 d k i f ; i,f u d k Select vk y f í tay:od k Y q G J w if M unf h y g/ F1 rsuf E S m jyif o nf
t½G,frysuftay:odkY ygvmygrnf/ rlvtapmif;rsm;twdkif; rsufESmjyifudkusKHUíoGm;apvkdu
Ctrl Key udkwpfcsufESdyfvdkufyg/

(105)
 Applied AutoCAD

(2) ,ckwpfzef F2 rsufESmjyifudk Select vkyfMunfhygrnf/ F2 rsufESmjyifonftuG,fzuf

wGif½Sdaeojzifh Select vkyf&mü Ctrl + Spacebar udkwGJESdyfNyD; Select vkyf&ygrnf/
rSwfcsuf/ ( Auto CAD 2007 rSpí Overlapping object rsm;udk Select vkyfvQif
Shift + Spacebar udktoHk;jyK&onfudkowdjyKyg/)
yxrwpfBudrf Click vkyfvQif a½SUrsufESmjyifa½G;rdaeNyD; 'kwd,wpfBudrf Click vkyfaom
tcg F2 rsufESmjyif High Light jzpfoGm;rnf/ Ctrl ESifh Spacebar rsm;udkvTwfvdkufyg/ NyD;vQif
Spacebar wpfcsufESdyfyg/ F2 rsufESmjyiffa½G;rdNyD; Grip t0dkif;i,fay:vmrnf/

(3) P1 - P2 tem;udk Ctrl zdí xdMunfhygutem;tv,fwGif Grip ay:vmrnf/ Edge udk

Select vkyfjcif;jzpfonf/

(4) P1 trSwfwGif Ctrl zdíxdMunfhygu Grip t0dkif;i,fay:vmNyD; Vertex onf Select

jzpfoGm;rnf/
Face, Edge, Vertex wdu
Yk kd Select vkyNf y;D aemuf Move, Scale, 3D Rotate ponfh Tools
rsm;jzifhyHkudkvdkovdkjyKjyifEdkifonf/

(5) yHk(2) ESifh yHk(3) Solid rsm;wpfckESifhwpfck Subtract vkyfjcif;jzifh&½Sdaom Composite

Solids rsm;jzpfonf/ ,if;wdkYudkjyefvnfjyKjyif&ef yxrOD;pGm Showhist udk 2 odkYxm;&rnf/
Command:Showhist
Enter new value for SHOWHIST <1>: 2
rl&if; Object rsm;udkjrifae&rnf/ Ctrl udzk íd Box twHk;i,fudk Select vkyfMunfhygurlv
Geometry rsm;½Sdyguay:vmrnfjzpfNyD; t½G,fjyKjyifrIvkyfEdkifonf/

Showhist - 1 Showhist - 2 Press Ctrl and select

(106)
 Applied AutoCAD

Move Command jzifv f nf/ Subobject wpfcjk cif;udjk yifqifvjkd cif;jzpfygu Ctrl
h nf;ae&ma½GUEdik o
zdívdk&mudkxyfrHa½G;cs,fEdkifonf/

(6) yH k ( 3)wG i f eH & H ½ S d j ywif ; ayguf \ nmzuf ( P1,P2,P3,P4 rsuf E S m jyif z uf ) ud k 30

xyfícsJUMunfhygrnf/ P1,P2,P3,P4 rsufESmjyifonftuG,fzuf jzpfonfhtjyifeH&Huygxyfí
uG,fae&m Face udk View vSnfhía½G;vQif&aomfvnf; vuf½Sd View wGifyifatmufygt wdkif;
a½TU,lMunfhygrnf/ Shade mode udk 2D wireframe wGifxm;yg/
Box tao;udkOD;pGm Ctrl zdí Select vkyfygu Grip rsm;ay:vmNyD; Select jzpfaernf/
xyfrHí Ctrl zdNyD; P1-P2, P2-P3, P3-P4, P4-P1 tem;rsm;udk wpfckNyD;wpfck Select
vkyfyg/

Command: move
4 found
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: Specify second point or
<use first point as displacement>: Screen wpfae&mwGif Click vkyí
f Ontho-on Ny;D
30 ½dkufxnfhyg/
Brep Command
Composite Solid rsm;\ history rsm;udk Brep command jzifhz,f&Sm;Edkifonf/

txuferlemrsm;udkavhvmí Solid rsm;udk Modify vkyfyHkudkoabmaygufEdkifygvdrfhrnf/

Modify jyKvkyfNyD;vQif Showhist udk (1) wGifjyefxm;jcif;jzifh History udkazsmufxm;Edkifonf/

(107)
 Applied AutoCAD

Filleting and Chamfering 3DSolid Edges

3DSolid \ Edge rsm;udk Fillet, Chamfer wdkYjyKvkyfEdkifonf/

Solid Fillet.dwg udz k iG yhf g/
yH(k 1)wGi½f dS Cylinder ESihf Box xdpyfaeaomae&mudk Fillet vkyMf unfyh grnf/ owdjyK&rnfrmS
Fillet vkyfrnfh Object onfwGJquf aeaom 3Dsolid object wpfckwnf;omjzpf&rnf/
Command: fillet
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 5.0000
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: r
Radius 2 ESifh Fillet jyKvkyfrnf/
Specify fillet radius <5.0000>: 2
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: Cylinder \atmufajcudk
Select vkyy f gu High Light jzpfomG ;rnf/
Enter fillet radius <2.0000>:
Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]:
1 edge(s) selected for fillet.

qufvufí P1, P2, P3, P4 rsufESmjyif\ Edge rsm;udk Fillet vkyfMunfhrnf/

Command: fillet
Current settings: Mode = TRIM, Radius = 2.0000
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: r
Radius 5 ESifh Fillet jyKvkyfrnf/
Specify fillet radius <2.0000>: 5
Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim/Multiple]: P1-P2 Edge udk Select
vkyfyg/
Enter fillet radius <5.0000>:

(108)
 Applied AutoCAD

Select an edge or [Chain/Radius]: c

Fillet vkyr h em;onf p1-p2 wpfcw
f nft k nf;omr[kwb J jcm; Edge rsm;udyk gjyKvyk f rnfjzpfojzifh
f t
Chain opition udkac:,lí tjcm;tem; rsm;udkyg Select vkyfay;&rnf/
Select an edge chain or [Edge/Radius]: p1-p4, p4-p3, p3-p2 tem;rsm;udk Select
vkyfoGm;yg/
4 edge(s) selected for fillet.
axmifhrsm;ywfvnfvHk;oGm;rnf/

yHk(2)wGif p1-p2 tem;auG;udk Select vkyfí Fillet Radius 5 jzifh Fillet csdK;Munfhyg/
Fillet jyKvkyfay;rnfr[kwfyg/ p1-p4, p2-p3 Edge rsm;onf Sharp Edge rsm;jzpfNyD;
p1-p2 wpfckwnf;udkuGufí Fillet vkyfay;rnfr[kwfonfudk owdjyKyg/ xdkYaMumifh p1-p2, p2-
p3, p1-p4 tem;tm;vHk;udk chain jzifh Fillet vkyf&ygrnf/

yHk(3)wGif p1-p2 tem;udk Fillet jyKvkyfvsifrvkyfay;Edkifyg/

Modeling Operation Error:
Could not find acceptable sequence of capping faces to trim blend face.
Failed to perform blend.
Failure while filleting
Fillet Command onf Geometry ay:rlwnfí rvkyfay;Edkifaomtem;apmif;rsm;twGuf Fail
jzpfygrnf/

(109)
 Applied AutoCAD

qufvufíþyHkrsm;ESifhyif Chamfer Command udkjyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/

yHk(1)
Command: chamfer
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 2.0000, Dist2 = 2.0000
Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]:Cylinder
atmufajcudk Select vkyfyg/
Base surface selection...
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK (current)] <OK>:
Next option onftu,fí Select jzpfaeaom rsuE f mS jyifonfrrd d Chamfer jyKvyk rf nfh rsuEf mS jyif
r[kwaf o;vQif N ESyd yf gu tjcm;xdpyfaeaom rsuEf mS jyifuakd ½G;ay;rnf/ rdrv
d ckd siaf om rsuEf mS jyif
jzpfvQif Enter acgufyg/
Specify base surface chamfer distance <2.0000>:2
Specify other surface chamfer distance <2.0000>:
Select an edge or [Loop]: Cylinder atmufajcudk Select vkyy f g/
Select an edge or [Loop]:

qufvufí P1-P2, P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk Chamfer vkyf&ef-

Command: chamfer
(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Dist1 = 2.0000, Dist2 = 2.0000
Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod/Multiple]:
Base surface selection...
Enter surface selection option [Next/OK (current)] <OK>: P1-P2 Edge udk Select vkyy
f g/
tu,fí P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifonf Select rjzpfu Next jzifhajymif;yg/ Select jzpfvQif
Enter acgufyg/

(110)
 Applied AutoCAD

Specify base surface chamfer distance <2.0000>: 5

Specify other surface chamfer distance <2.0000>: 5
Select an edge or [Loop]: L
ywfvnfjyKvkyf&rnfjzpfojzifh Loop udkoHk;&rnf/
Select an edge loop or [Edge]: Select an edge loop or [Edge]: P1-P2 Edge udk Select
vkyfvQif rsufESmjyifywfvnf Select jzpfoGm;rnf/

Chamfer onfvnf; Fillet uJhodkY Geometry ½IyfaxG;vQifrvkyfay;Edkifyg/

Fillet, Chamfer jyKvkyfxm;aom 3D solid Edge rsm;udkjyefíy,fzsufvdkvQif Solid Ed-
iting Command jzpfaom Delete Faces udt f nf/ Solid Editing wGiMf unfyh g/
k oH;k jyKEikd o

>Using Solid Editing Commands

Solidedit Command wGif 3dsolid object rsm;udk Modify vkyfEdkifaom Options

trsm;tjym;yg0ifonf/ Toolbar rSt vG,fwultoHk;jyKEdkif&ef Solid Editing Toolbar udkzGifhyg/
Toolbar \ Union, Sultract, Intersect rsm;rSmodNy;D jzpfonf/ Solid Editing.dwg udz
k iG yhf g/

(1) Extrude Faces

3Dsolid \rsufESmjyifwpfckudk xyfrHí Extrude jyKvkyfay;Edkifonf/
yHk(1)wGif P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk 50 Units xyfrH Extrude vkyfMunfhygrnf/
Toolbar rS Extrude Face udkESdyfyg/

(111)
 Applied AutoCAD

P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyiftv,fcefYwGif Click vkyfygu rsufESmjyifonf Select

jzpfoGm;rnf/ useftydkif;rSm Extrude Command ESifhtwlwlyifjzpfonf/
rS w f c suf / Ctrl udkzdí P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk Subobject tjzpf Select vkyfNyD;
Extrude vkyfvQif&½Sdaom Object onfrlv Object ESifhoD;oefYpDjzpfNyD; Extrude Faces rSmrlv
Object udkjyefí Edit vkyfjcif;jzpfonfudkowdjyKyg/

yHk(2)wGif P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk Extrude Face ESifh Extrude vkyf&mü -15

wefzdk;ay;jcif;jzifh taemufodkYEIwfxkwfMunfhyg/ 15 onfrsufESmjyifESifhaxmifhrwf ustuGmta0;
jzpfonf/

yHk(3)wGif P4 rSaeí Path vrf;aMumif;wpfcka&;qGJay;xm;onf/ xdk Path vrf;aMumif;

twdkif; Extrude Faces jzifh Extrude vkyfMunfhyg/

(2) Move Faces

Move Face onf Extrude Faces ESifh obm0rwlay/ 3DSolid \ rsufESmjyifudk
ae&ma½GU,ljcif;jzpfonf/ a½GU,laomrsufESmjyifESifh xdpyfaeaomtjcm; rsufESmjyifrsm;onf
rlvtapmif;axmifhrsm;twdkif;vdkufygvmrnf/ tapmif;axmifhajymif;vJíroGm;yg/

(112)
 Applied AutoCAD

Move Face yHk(1)wGif P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudka&;qGJxm;aom rsOf;\tqHk;odkY

a½TUMunfhygrnf/ Osnap-Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/

Toolbar rS Move Face udkESdyfyg/

P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifonf tuG,fzufwGif½Sdaeojzifh rsufESmjyifudka½G;&ef P1-P2 Edge udk
Select vkyfyg/ xdk Edge ESifhxdpyfrsufESmjyif(2)ckvHk;a½G;rdaeygrnf/
rvdkaomrsufESmjyifudk Remove vkyf&ef R ½dkufyg/ rvdkaomrsufESmjyif\ Edge wpfckudk
xdvdkufygu Deselect jzpfoGm;rnf/ Enter acgufyg/
P4 trSwfwGifjyyg/
rsOf;\tqHk;rSwfudkjyyg/
P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifonf ,if;ESifhxdpyf rsufESmjyiftapmif; axmifhtwdkif; a½TUvsm;
oGm;ygrnf/

yH(k 2)wGiv
f nf;jyKvyk Mf unfyh g/ rsuEf mS jyifraS &;qGx
J m;aom rsO;f \tqH;k rSw½f &dS m tuGmta0;
txd a½GUvsm;oGm;jcif; jzpfNyD;rsOf;\ Direction ESifhroufqdkifyg/

(113)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(3)wGif jywif;ayguf t½G,fudk P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk Move vkyfíxyfcsJU

jyxm;onf/ Subobject rsm;udk Grip jzifh Edit vkyo
f nfxuf ydí
k vG,u
f al umif;rGeo
f nfuo
kd wdjyKyg/

(3) Offset Faces

Offset Faces onf Move Face ESifhobm0wlí Move Face uJhodkY trSwf(2)rSwf
az:jyp&mrvdkbJ wefzdk;½dkufxnfhíjyKvkyfEdkifonf/ yHk(1)\ P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk 50 Unit
xyfrHía½GU Munfhyg/ 50 onfrlvrsufESmjyifESifh a&muf½SdrsufESmjyif axmifhrwfustuGmta0;
jzpf o nf / yH k ( 2)wG i f -15 jzif h Offset Faces jyKvk y f x m;onf / yH k ( 3)wG i f Offset 25
jzifhjywif;aygufudkcsHKUjyxm;onf/

(4) Delecte Faces

3Dsolid rsm;\tem;apmif;rsm;udk Chamfer, Fillet jyKvkyfxm;í jzpfay:vmaom
rsufESmjyifrsm;udk jyefvnfazsmufzsufí rlvtem; apmif;udkjyefí &½SdapEdkifonf/ Delete
jyKvkyfvdkaom rsufESmjyifwpfckudkxdpyfaeaom tjcm;rsufESmjyif(2)zufonf wpfckESifhwpfck
xdpyfqHk awGUEdkifonfh tajctaewGif½SdaevQif Delete Faces udktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/

yHk(1)\ P1, P2 Fillet vkyfxm;aomrsufESmjyifudk Delete Face ESifhzsufMunfhygrnf/

Toolbar rS Delete Face udkESdyfyg/
P1-P2 rsufESmjyifauG;\tv,fwGif Select vkyfyg/
P1-P2 Edge udk Sharp Edge tjzpfjyefvnf&½Sdrnf/

(114)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)onf Chamfer jyKvkyfxm;aomyHkjzpfonf/

yHk(3)onf Slice ESifhjzwfxm;aomyHkjzpfNyD; yHk(4)½SdyHkrsm;rSm 2D profile udk Extrude

jzifhxkxnhfxm;aomyHkrsm;jzpfonf/
teDa&mifcs,fxm;aomrsufESmjyifrsm; wpfckESifhwpfckvma&mufxdawGUEdkifonfhtae
txm;rsm; wGif½Sdojzifh Delete Faces jzifh Mum;rsufESmjyifudkz,fxkwfEdkifavonf/

(5) Rotate Faces

3DSolid rsufESmjyifwpfckudk0if½dk;wpfckrS Rotate jyKvkyfí yHkpHajymif;ay;Edkifonf/
Toolbar rS Rotae Face udkESdyfyg/
Select faces or [Undo/Remove]: P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyiftv,fwGif Click vkyfía½G;yg/
Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]:
Specify an axis point or [Axis by object/View/Xaxis/Yaxis/Zaxis] <2points>:
Specify the first point on the rotation axis: P1 trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify the second point on the rotation axis: P4 trSww f iG jf yyg/
,cktcg P1-P4 udk Axis tjzpftoH;k jyKí Rotate vkyyf grnf/ Axis udak z:jy&mü Munf½h aI eolzufrS
Angle wGuf&vG,fulatmif P1 NyD;rS P4 trSwfudkaz:jyjcif;jzifh Clock wise, Counter clock
wise udkrSefuefpGmaz:jyEdkifonf/
Specify a rotation angle or [Reference]: 25
Solid validation started.
Solid validation completed.

(115)
 Applied AutoCAD

Enter a face editing option

[Extrude/Move/Rotate/Offset/Taper/Delete/Copy/coLor/mAterial/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:
Solids editing automatic checking: SOLIDCHECK=1
Enter a solids editing option [Face/Edge/Body/Undo/eXit] <eXit>:

yHk(2)wGifazgufxm;aom taygufudk 90 'D*&DjyefvSnfh&ef P1-P2 udkoHk;ygrnf/ Rotate

Face udE f taygufwiG ½f adS omtem;pGe;f tm;vH;k udk Select vkyyf g/ R ½du
k ydS í k í
f rvdt k yf bJyakd eaom
Face rsm;\ Edge rsm;ud k a ½G ; íz,f x k w f y g/ Add , Remove jzif h r d r d v d k c sif a om Face
rsm;&onftxdtvG,w f ul a½G;Edik yf gonf/ P1-P2 trSwu f jkd yNy;D 90 'D*&DvnS Mhf unfyh g/ Subobject
rsm;jzifh Modify vkyfonfxufydkívG,fulaumif;rGefonfudkowdjyKyg/

(6) Taper Face

Rotate Face uJhodkY Axis 0if½dk;udkraz:jybJ cRefíoGm;apvdkaomzufudk Direction
az:jy&rnf/
Toolbar rS Taper Face udkESdyfyg/
P1-P2-P3-P4 rsufESmjyifudk tv,fwGifxdí Select vkyfyg/
P1 rS P2 zufodkY cRefoGm;ap&ef P1 trSwfwGifjyyg/ P2 trSwfwGifjyyg/

(116)
 Applied AutoCAD

(7) Copy Faces

3D solid \ rsufESmjyifwpfckudk Copy ul;,ljcif;jzpfonf/ rsufESmjyifonf Planar (or)
Curve Face ESpfrsdK;pvHk;&,lEdkifonf/
Toolbar rS Copy Faces udkESdyfyg/
ul;,lcsifaomrsufESmjyifudk Select vkyfyg/ Oyrm - P1-P2-P3-P4 Copy ul;ouJhodkU Base
point wpfae&mwGifaz:jyyg/
Second point tjzpf Copy object udkxm;vdkaomae&mwGifjyyg/

Planar face rsm;udk Copy ul;vQif Region Object udk&½Sí

d Curved Face rsm;udk Copy
ul;vQif Surface Object udk&½Sdygrnf/

(8) Color Faces

3D solid \rsufESmjyifrsm;udkta&mifcs,fEdkifonf/ rlvrsufESmjyifrsm;\ta&mifonf
Bylayer twdkif;½Sdae&mrS owfrSwfta&mif odkYajymif;oGm;rnf/
cs,fvdkaomrsufESmjyifudk Select vkyfvQif Select color Dialog Box ay:vmNyD;
vd k & mta&mif u d k a½G ; Ed k i f o nf / rl v twd k i f ; jyef ½ S d a pvd k u Color Box wG i f Bylayer
udkESdyfíjyefjyifEdkifonf/

(9) Copy Edges

Copy face uJhodkYyif Copy Edge ESifh 3D solid \ Edge rsm;udk Copy ul;,lEdkifonf/
ul;vdkaom Edge rsm;udk Select vkyf íul;yg/ 3DSolid \ Edge tm;vHk;udkvdkcsifyg Xedges
Command udo k moH;k yg/
(117)
 Applied AutoCAD

(10) Color Edges

Color faces uJhodkYyif Color Edges ESifh 3Dsolid \ Edge rsm;udkta&mifajymif;
ay;Edkifonf/

(11) Imprint
2D planar Object rsm;ud k 3Dsolid \ rsuf E S m jyif w G i f w G J q uf a y;jcif ; jzif h
xd k r suf E S m jyif w G i f a emuf x yf r suf E S m jyif t pd w f t yd k i f ; rsm;ud k j zpf a y:apEd k i f o nf /
rsufE Smjyif wG if wG J quf ay;rnf h 2D object onf Closed Boundany aomfvnf;aumif;?
rsufESmjyiftem;pGef; (2) zufudkxdawGUí Boundary wpfcktopfjzpfaebdkY&efvdktyfygonf/
xdkodkYrxdawGUonfh 2D object rsm;udk Imprint vkyfrnfqdkygu vkyfEdkifaomfvnf; toHk;0ifrnf
r[kwfyg/
yH k ( 1)wG i f Box \tay:rsuf E S m jyif w G i f Edge (2)zuf u d k x d a wG U aeaom Arc
wpfcka&;qGJxm;onf/
Toolbar rS Imprint udk ESdyfyg/
Command: _imprint
Select a 3D solid: Box udk Select vkyyf g/
Select an object to imprint: Arc udk Select vkyy
f g/
Delete the source object [Yes/No] <N>: y
rlv Arc udkrvdkawmhvQif Y ajzyg/
Select an object to imprint:

,cktcg Box \tay:rsufESmjyif Area (2)cktaeESifhjzpfay:vmrnf/ xdk Area rsm;udk

Extrude face jzif h Extrude jyKvk y f E d k i f o nf / Extrude face jzif h r suf E S m jyif u d k x d a wG U vQif
xdkrsufESmjyifudkoD;oefY Select jyKvkyfay;rnf/ yHkwGif Path tjzpfa&;qGJxm;aomrsOf;udk toHk;jyKí
Extrude vkyfjcif;jzifh tay:rsufESmjyifudk ESdrfhcsvdkufonf/

(118)
 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(2)wGifeH&H\jywif;aygufudk txufwGiftcRefjzpfap&ef Line wpfaMumif;udktay:buf

wGifa&;qGJí Imprint jyKvkyfxm;onf/ Ctrl udkzdí xdk Edge udk Select vkyfygu Edge onf
Select jzpfNyD; Grip udkjrif&rnf/ xyfrH Click vkyfNyD;tay:odkY Ontho- on íqGJwifívdk&m
wefzdk;udk½dkuf xnfhjcif;jzifh tcRefudkjzpfay:aponf/

Imprint udk Manipulate subobject enf;jzifw h zJG ufívdok vdt k oH;k jyKEikd o
f nf/
Imprint vkyxf m;aom 3D solid \rsuEf mS jyifrS object rsm;udrk vdt
k yfvQif Ctrl zdí Select
vkyfNyD; Erase jyefvkyfEdkifonf/

(12) Seperate
wpfckESifhwpfck rxdawGUbJ object wpfcktjzpf½Sdaeaom 3Dsolids rsm;udk Seperate
jzif h j yef í cG J x k w f E d k i f o nf / Union Command onf x d a wG U íraeaom 3Dsolid object
rsm;udkvnf;wpfckwnf;tjzpfaygif;ay;Edkifojzifh Seperate command udkoHk;NyD;jyefcGJ xkwf&ygrnf/

(13) Shell
3D solid object wpfcu kd wGi;f ütacgif;aygufjzpfap&eftwGuf Shell jzifjh yKvyk Ef ikd o
k t f nf/
tcGHjyKvkyf&mü rvdktyfaomrsufESmjyifudk vnf;z,fxkwfypfEdkfifonf/
Toolbar rS Shells udkESdyfyg/
[Imprint/seParate solids/Shell/cLean/Check/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _shell
Select a 3D solid: Box udk Select vkyv kd yf g/,cktcg Box \ Face tm;vH;k Select jzpfaeygrnf/
f u
Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]:xdk Box \tay:rsuE f mS jyifut
kd zGit k &f ef P1-
hf jzpfz,fxw
P2 wGifjyyg/
2 faces found, 2 removed.

(119)
 Applied AutoCAD

,cktcg P1-P2 ESifhxdawGUonfh tay:rsufESmESifhab;rsufESm(2)ckvHk; Remove jzpfaeygrnf/

ab;rsufESmjyifudkjyefí Select vkyf&ef a ½dkufyg/
Remove faces or [Undo/Add/ALL]: a
Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]: P2-P3 tem;udk Select vkyyf g/
Select faces or [Undo/Remove/ALL]:
Enter the shell offset distance: 5
Solid validation started.
Solid validation completed.
5 txl½SdaomwzufyGifh 3D solid Box udk&½Sdrnf/
Shell command onf Geometry ½Iyaf xG;aom Composite 3Dsolid rsm;udr
k jl yKvyk af y;Edik f
rnfr[kwfyg/

Clean & Check

Imprint vkyfxm;aom Object rsm;udk Ctrl ESdyfía½G;NyD; Erase vkyfEdkifonfudk az:jyNyD;

jzpfonf/
Clean onf 3D solid wpf c k \ yd k x yf a eaom Edge, Vertex rsm;ud k Clean
vkyfay;[kqdkygonf/ yHkrSeftm;jzifh xdk Object rsdK;udkMuHKawGU&eftaMumif;r½Sd[kxifygonf/
Check rSm 3Dsolid wpfckonf Valid jzpfrjzpfppfaq;ay;onf/
[Imprint/seParate solids/Shell/cLean/Check/Undo/eXit] <eXit>: _check
Select a 3D solid: This object is a valid ShapeManager solid.

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 Applied AutoCAD

> Manipulating Surfaces

3DSolid Command rsm;jzpfaom Extrude, Sweep, Revolve, Loft wdkYonf Closed

Boundary r[kwfaom object rsm;twGufvnf; toHk;jyKEdkifojzifh Surfaces rsm;udk &&Sdaponf/
Surface wGifvnf; jzpfay:apaom Command rsm;ay:rlwnfNyD; Extrusion, Revolve,
Sweep, Planar , Loft With Crossection only, Loft with Path, Loft with guidelines pojzifh
Surface Type rsm;&SNd y;D Properties Palatte wGiv
f nf;aumif;? Grip rsm;rS udik w
f ,
G í
f vnf;aumif;
jyifqifrIrsm; jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Surface .dwg wGifMunfhyg/
Surface (Planar) udk Explode jyKvkyfvQif Region object udk&&SdNyD; 3D rsufESmjyif
auG;rsm;jzpfonfh Surface rsm;udk azmufcGJvsif Line, Arc . . . pojzifh WireFrame object rsm;udk
&&Sdygonf/

> Using Blocks in 3D

2D yH k r sm;a&;qG J & mü Block Object rsm;ud k toH k ; jyKjcif ; jzif h jyef v nf j yKjyif j cif ; ?
tpm;xdk;vdkjcif;rsm;udk tvG,fwuljyKvkyfEkdifouJhodkYyif 3D yHkrsm; a&;qGJ&müvnf; Block rsm;udk
toHk;jyKa&;qGJEkdifonf/ txl;ojzifh Door, Window, Column, Furniture ponhf ypönf;rsm;udk
Block jyKvkyfxnhfoGif;a&;qGJjcif; jyefvnfí jyifqifvdku tvG,fwuljyifqifEdkifygonf/
erlem tjzpf Solid Blocks.dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHkwGif Footing ESifh Post rsm;udk 3DSolid jzifh a&;qGJNyD; Block vkyfodrf;qnf;í
jyefvnfae&mcsxnfhoGif;xm;onf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Footing \ yHkpHudk jyefvnfjyKjyifMunfhygrnf/

Footing wpfcuk kd Double Click ESyd v kd yf g/ Edit Block Definition Dialog Box ay:vmvQif
f u
OK ESdyfyg/

Block Editor yGifhvmrnf/ Block Editor wGifyHkudk Top View rS jrifae&rnf/

Block Editor wGif View Toolbar rS View rsm;udk toHk;rjyKEdkifyg/
ESdyfMunfhygu ** _-VIEW command not allowed in block editor. ** [k azmfjyrnf/
Block Editor wGif View vSnMhf unf&h ef Vpoint Command udk toH;k jyKEikd o
f nf/ odrYk [kwf Shift
udkzdí mouse wheel udkzdNyD; Orbit ESifh vSnfhMunfh Ekdifonf/
View twdtus MunfhvdkvQif Vpoint Command udk oHk;yg/

Command: vpoint
Current view direction: VIEWDIR=0.0000,0.0000,1.0000
Specify a view point or [Rotate] <display compass and tripod>: -1,-1,1
Regenerating model.
SW Isometric jzifhMunfhfvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/

Box tay:rsufESmjyifudk Ctrl + Left Click ESdyfí Select vkyfvdkufyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: scale
1 found
Specify base point: Ctrl+Right + Click ESy d Nf y;D Mid Between 2 Points awmif;yg/ Box \
tay:rsufESmjyif rsufESmcsif;qkdif Edge (2)ck\ MidPoint rsm;udk jyygu A[dkwGif Base Point
udk&rnf/
_m2p First point of mid: _mid of Second point of mid: _mid
of
Specify scale factor or [Copy/Reference] <1.0000>: .75
tay:rsufESmjyifudk 0.75 csHKUvdkufojzifh Footing rSm yHkpHajymif;oGm;rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Close Block Editor Button udk ESdyfí Save changer to foot ? wGif Yes ajzyg/

Footing rsm;onf Block rsm;jzpfojzifhtm;vHk; Redefire jzpfoGm;ygrnf/

þerlemudk ,lí 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü Block object rsm;udk toHk;jyK&ef owd&yg/

> Creating Wireframes, Sections, 2D profiles from 3D Solids

3DSolid Model wpfcr k aS eí Wireframe rsm;? Section jzwfyikd ;f rsm;? 2D Profiles rsm;udk
xyfrHí &&SdapEkdifaom Command rsm; AutoCAD wGif yg0ifygonf/ xdk Command rsm;rSm -
Xedges, Section, Section Plane, Flatshot, Solprof, Solview, Soldraw wdkYjzpfonf/

(1) Xedges Command

3D Solid object wpfck\ Edge rsm;tm;vHk;udk ul;íay;onf/ tem;wpfckwnf;udkom

k yfygu Solidedit Command &Sd Copy Edge udk toH;k jyKEidk o
vdt f nf/ txl;ojzifh 2D Wirframe
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 Applied AutoCAD

Model rsm;wnfaqmuf&mü a&;qGJ&cufaom Spline rsm; Curve rsm;udk 3D solid tultnDjzifh

&,lEkdifojzifh toHk;jyKolrS pdwful;&Sdovdk toHk;csEdkifavonf/
Xedges. dwg udkzGifhyg/
k iG f erlemtjzpf Solid object wpfcak &;qGx
yHw J m;onf/ Xedges udk roH;k rS&D &Sv
d maom Wireframe
rsm;udk Layer oD;oefYwGif&&Sdp&ef Layer topfjyKvkyfí Current xm;yg/

Command : Xedges
Select objects: 3D solid udk Select vkyy
f g/
Edge rsm;tm;vHk;udk &&Sdrnf/ xdk Edge rsm;udk vdkovdk wnfjzwfNyD;toHk;jyKEkdifygvdrfhrnf/ yHkwGif
Sweep Command jzifh Frame yHkwpfckwnfaqmufjyxm;onf/

(2) Section Command

Section Command jzifh 3DSolid Object wpfck\ Section jzwfydkif;udk &,lEdkifonf/

Section Command wGif yg0ifaom Options rsm;rSm Slice Command uJhodkYyifjzpfonf/
vufawGYjyKvkyf&ef Section. dwg udk zGifhyg/
yHkwGif Piston Body wpfckudk a&;qGJxm;onf/ Section jzpfonfhtcg&&Sdvmrnfh object onf
Current Layer wGif jzpfay:vmrnfjzpfí oD;oefY Layer xm;Ekdifonf/ yHkwGif 0 Layer Current
xm;onf/ Osnap - Center awmif;xm;yg/

Command: section
Select objects: Piston udk Select vkyyf g/
Specify first point on Section plane by [Object/Zaxis/View/XY/YZ/ZX/3points]
<3points>:
Specify first point on plane: Piston \ Center wGijf yyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Specify second point on plane: Piston \ tjcm;wpfzufpGef;wGif Center jyyg/

Specify third point on plane: <Ortho on> Ortho-on í Pointer udk Z 0if½dk;twkdif;qGJwifí
wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyfyg/
Section Plane udk &&Sdrnf/

Section Plane onf Region object jzpfonf/

xdk object wGif wpfckESifh wpfckxdpyfraeaom tpdwftydkif;rsm;yg&Sdygu wpfppD vdkvQif
Explode jyKvkyfEkdifonf/ Explode jyKvkyfvQif wpfppD &Sdaom Region object rsm;tjzpf&&Sdrnf/
Region object rsm;onf wpfcE k iS hf wpfcrk xdawGaY pumrl Union Command jzifh wGq
J ufay;Ekid Nf y;D
wpfppDjyefvdkcsifu Explode vkyfEkdifonf/
3DSolid twGufrl Solidedit \ Seperate udk oHk;&onfudk owdjyKyg/
Section Plane wGif Hatch a&;cs,fvdkygu yxOD;pGm UCS udk Section Planc wGif 3
PointESifh uyfyg/ NyD;rSvdk&m Hatch Pattern udk a&;cs,fyg/

(3) Sectionplane Command

Sectionplane Command onf 3DSolid tm; Plane wpfcjk zify h ikd ;f jzwfNy;D Plane udv
k nf;
vdkovdk a&TU,lEkdifojzifh Live Section Plane [kac:Edkifonf/ xdkYtjyif xdk Section View rS aeí
2D,3D Section object rsm;udkyg Create jyKvkyfay;Edkifojzifh toHk;0ifaom Command
wpfckjzpfygonf/
vufawGjY yKvyk Mf unf&h ef Section Plane.dwg udk zGiyhf g/ Section Command udk avhvmpOfu
Piston yHkudkyif jyefvnfí toHk;csavhvmMunfhygrnf/ Section Plane udk Layer oD;oefYcGJ
xm;Edkifonf/ yHkwGif Secplane trnfjzifh Layer udk Current xm;ay;xm;onf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: sectionplane
Select face or any point to locate section line or [Draw section/Orthographic]: o
Orthgraphic View udk a&G;cs,f&efjzpfonf/ Top View Section jzwfMunfhygrnf/
Align section to: [Front/bAck/Top/Bottom/Left/Right] <Top>: t

Piston \ tay:ydkif;udkjzwfí jyay;rnf/ Section Plane \ Entity rSm Sectionobject

jzpfonf/ Sectionobject wGif rsOf;wpfaMumif;udk awGY&rnf/ xdkrsOf;udk Pointer jzifh Select
jyKvkyfvdkufyg/ Dynamic Block rsm; toHk;jyKouJhodkY Flip parameter ESifh Look up Parameter
rsm;udk awGY&rnf/ rsOf;tv,f\ rQm;yHkpH Grip rS udkifí Section Plane udk vdkovdk a&TU,lEdkifojzifh
Live Section [k ac:jcif; jzpfonf/
yxrOD;pGm Section object \ Line udk Select vkyfxm;NyD; Right Click EdSyfvdkufyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Popupmenu rS Activate Live Sectioning udk Uncheck vkyMf unfv k iG f Section rawG&Y awmhyg/
h Qif yHw
Sectionobject &Sdaeaomfvnf; rlvtwdkif; om jrifvdkvQif zGifh^ydwf jyKvkyfEdkifonf/
Activate Live Sectioning udk Check jyefvy f Show Cut-away Geometry udk Click
k í
vkyfvdkufyg/ yHkwGif jzwfxm;aom tpdwftydkif;udk Hidden Line jzifh jyoay;rnf/

Show cut-away udk jyefydwfí Live Section Settings udk ESdyfyg/

Section Settings Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Intersection Fill wGif Hatch onf Solid jzpfaernf/ Click vkyíf Select hatch pattern
Type udk Select vkyfyg/
Hatch pattern Type Dialog Box wGif Pattern List rS Ansi 31udk a&G;yg/ OK ESdyfyg/

Hatch Scale wGif 4 cefY xm;yg/ OK ESdyfyg/ yHkwGif Section &Sd Hatch yHkpH ajymif;oGm;rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

,ckvuf&SdjrifawGYae&aom yHkrS 2D,3D Section objects rsm;udk jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/

Section object Line udk Select vkyNf y;D Right Click ESy
d yf g/
Generate 2D/3D Section udk a&G;ygu Dialig Box yGiv hf mrnf/

2D Section/ Elevation wGif Check vkyy

f g/
Source Geometry wGif Select objects to include udk ESy
d yf g/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Section Settings Button udk ESy

d yf gu Section Settings Diolog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/ yxrerlemtwkid ;f
Hatch udk Ansi 31ESifh Scale : 4 odkY ajymif;NyD; OK ESdyfyg/
Select objects Button udk ESdyfNyD; yHkudk Select vkyfyg/
Select vkyfNyD;vQif Dialog Box jyefay:vmrnf/ Create Button udk ESdyfyg/

Pointer wGif yHkay:vmNyD; wpfae&mwGif Click csygu Block Insent jyKvkyf ouJhokdY
Options rsm;ay:vmonfjzpfNyD; Enter rsm; acgufí tqHk;owfyg/

2D Section 3D Section

2D Section jzwfyi k kd &&Srd nf/ Section Command \ Section uJo

kd ;f yHu h Ykd Section Plane
wpfckom r[kwfbJ Section View udk &&Sdygrnf/ xdkenf;twkdif; 3D Section yHkudk jyKvkyfyg/
qufvufí Look up Parameter wGif yg0ifaom Section Boundary, Section Volume
wdkYudk ESdyfMunfhyg/
Section Boundary onf Section Plane udk txufatmuf(2)zuf jzwfvv kd Qif oH;k Edik o
f nf/
rQm;acgif;yHk Snap Point rS udkifí vdkovdk jzwfEdkifonf/ Section Volume onf txufatmuf
tjyifb,fnm 2 zufudkyg jzwfvdku oHk;Edkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Look up rS Section Plane udk om jyefía&G;xm;yg/

Section object rsOf;udk Select vkyfNyD; Right click ESdyfí Add jog to section udk Select vkyfyg/

Command prompt wGif -

Specify a point on the section line to add jog: ay:vmrnf/
Line \ Midpoint wGif jyvdu k yf g/
Section Line onfwzuf tedrfhtjrifhjzifh yHkpHajymif;oGm;ygrnf/ yHkudk Front View rS
ajymif;í Munfhvdkufyg/ UCS onf View jzpfraevQif UCS Command jzifh View xm;yg/
Section Line \ tay:jcrf;udk Piston rS vGwfatmifjr§ifhwifvdkufyg/ Section Line \

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 Applied AutoCAD

atmufzuftedrfhrsOf;udk rQm;acgif;rS udkifí Piston \ tv,f Node point wGif Snap jzifh jyygu
rsOf;onf Piston tv,fwnfhwnfh a&mufoGm;rnf/
SE Isometric View jzifjh yefMunfy h g/

Jog Section

,cktcg Piston yHkudk Box Section jzifh jzwfxkwfjyxm;ygvdrfhrnf/

Section Line udk rjrifawGYvdkygu Secplane Layer udk off vkyfxm;Edkifonf/ Section Plane udk
rvdtk yfawmhvQif Erase ESihf zsuEf ikd yf gonf/ Section Plane OK.dwg wGif Section View rsm;udk
jyKvkyfjyxm;ygonf/

Creating a section Manually

Section plane Command ray:rSu D 3Dsolid wpfcu k kd Box section jzwfjyvdv
k Qif Solid
Box wcka&;qGJí Subtract ESihf EIwfxkwfNyD;jzwfjyygonf/ pifppf xdkenf;rSm t&dk;t&Sif;qkH;ESihf
rdrdvdkovdkjzwfíjyEdkifaomenf;jzpfonf/
Box section.dwg udz k iG yfh g/
ykHwGif Piston tm; Quadrant wpfpdwfjzwfíjy&ef Piston \ A[dkrS Box wpfckudk a&;qGJNyD;
Subtract ESihf EIwfxkwfjcif;jzihf jzwfxkwfvdkufygonf/ Section ae&mwGif Hatch a&;cs,fvdku
UCS udk 3 Point jzihf uyfNyD; a&;cs,fEdkifygonf/ 2D ykHtjzpf Flat Image udk vdkcsifygu
Flatshot Commond udk tokH;jyKEdkifonf/

Flatshot Command

Flatshot onf Soprof Command udk tajccHí jyKvkyfxm;aom tokH;&vG,fulonfh

Command jzpfygonf/ AutoCAD okH;pGJolrsm;ESpfoufrnfh Command jzpfNyD; tokH;vnf;

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 Applied AutoCAD

rsm;pGm0ifygonf/ vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef Flatshot.dwg udk zGihfyg/

ykHwGif 3Dsolid Model wpfcka&;qGJxm;ygonf/ Flatshot onf vuf&SdMunfh&Iaeaom
View twdi k ;f Model Space ay:wGi&f adS om 3DSolids Object rsm;udk 2D Flat Object wpfct
k jzpf
Create jyKvkyfay;ygrnf/
2D Profile Object udk Current Layer wGif Block Object wpfcktjzpf &&Sdygrnf/
Command :Flatshot
Flatshot Dialog Box yGiv
fh mrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Destination wGif Insert as new block onf New Block name jzihf yku H kd xnfah y;rnf/
Replace existing block rSm vuf&Sd Block name wpfckudk a&G;cs,fjcif;jzihf Block udk Replace
vkyfay;rnf/ Export to a file jzihfvnf; 2 D profile udk File oD;oefYcGJí odrf;Edkifonf/ Insert a
new block wGif Check vkyy f g/ 0ifvmrnfh Object twGuf Color, line type a&G;vduk a&G;Edik o
f nf/
aemufuG,frsOf; ( Hidden line) rsm;udk vdktyfvQif Obscured Lines wGif Show ü Check
vkyfyg/ rvdkcsifvQif Uncheck wGifomxm;yg/
ykHrSm rsOf;auG;rsm;yg0ifvQif Include Tangential Edges wGif Check vkyfyg/
Create Button udk ESdyfyg/ Block udk Insert vkyfouJhodkY Option rsm;ay:vmrnf/ Screen
wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyfNyD; Enter rsm;acgufyg/
ykHudk Zoon - All vkyfvdkufyg/ NyD;vQif Top view rS Munfhygu 3 D solid ykHudk Flat Image
tjzpf jrifawGU&rnf/ qufvufí rdrdvdkcsifaom View rsm;jzihf 3DSolid ykHudk Munfh&INyD;
wpfckNyD;wpfck Flatshot ESihf odrf;yg/ Flatshot OK.dwg wGif zGihfí erlemudk MunfhEkdifonf/

2D Views Create with Flatshot

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 Applied AutoCAD

taqmuftODykHrsm; a&;qGJ&mü Plan View rS aeí Elevation rsm;udk Xline jzihf Plan
ykHrSwqihf a&;qGJMuygonf/ a&;qGJaeusolrsm;tzdkY Plan ykHrSwpfqihf wpfqihf Elevation ykHudk
a&;qGJjcif;onf rsm;pGm tcuftcJ r&Sdaomfvnf; wpfcgwpf&Hü ykHonf X-Y 0if&dk;twdkif; r[kwfbJ
tapmif ; axmih f r sm;&S d v Qif v nf ; aumif ; ? Curve rsm; yg0if v Qif v nf ; aumif ; a&;qG J & ef
cufwwfygonf/ xdkykHrsm;twGuf 3 D ykHudk a&;qGJNyD; Flatshot udk tokH;jyKjcif;jzihf Elevation udk
tvG,fwul&&SdEkdifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Plan rSaeí Elevation a&;qGJ&mü cufcJonfh ae&mrsm;
wGiftokH;jyKyg/ erlemtjzpf Flatshot Sample.dwg wGifavhvmMunfh½Iyg/
Flatshot onf 3Dsolids, Regions ESihf Surfaces rsm;udk ykHzrf;ay;Edkifonf/3D Solids,
Regions, Surfaces rsm;udk Block tjzpf odr;f qnf;Ny;D xnfo h iG ;f xm;aom Block object rsm;udv
k nf;
Flatshot jzihf ykHzrf;ay;Edkifygonf/

Solprof, Solview, Soldraw Commands

Flatshot onf Solprof Command udk tajccHí okH;pGJolrsm; vG,fulpGm tokH;jyKEdkif&ef

f m;aom Command jzpfonf/Flatshot r&Spd Ofu 3D solid ykw
jyKvyk x Hk dk Side view, Section
H pfyu
View, Hidden line rsm;jzihf Layout ay:wGif ykHxkwf&eftwGuf Solprof, Solview, Soldraw
command rsm;udktokH;jyKygonf/ txl;ojzihf Mechnical Drawing rsm; a&;qGJolrsm;twGuf
ta&;ygaom Command rsm; jzpfco hJ nf/ Flatshot Command ay:vmaomtcg xdk Command
rsm; aemufydkif;wGif tokH;jyKolenf;oGm;vdrfhrnf[k xifygonf/ taMumif;rSm Flatshot onf
tvGefvG,fulNyD; Solprof, Solview, Soldraw Command rsm;onf vkyfaqmifcsuftqihf
tenf;i,frsm;jym;aeaomaMumihf jzpfonf/
vufawGU jyKvyk Mf unf&h ef Solprof.dwg udzk iG yfh g/ ykw
H iG f Steering Gear Bracket ykw
H pfyu
Hk kd
a&;qGJxm;onf/ xdkykHudk Top, Side, Section 3D view rsm;jzihf Layout ay:wGif ykHxkwf&ef
tqihfqihfjyKvkyfykHudk atmufwGif trSwfpOf azmfjyxm;onfhtwdkif; jyKvkyfMunfhyg/
(1) Command wGif ltype [k&dkufí Linetype Manager udkzGihfNyD; Hidden line udk Load
vkyfyg/ Load vkyf&kHom jzpfNyD; Current xm;&efrvdkyg/
(2) Layout Tab udkESdyfí Paperspace odkYoGm;yg/ Page setup Manager wGif A4-Land-
scape awmif;yg/ Printer r&SdvQif Printer None jzihfom prf;oyfjyKvkyfMunfhEdkifonf/
(3) Paper ay:wGif Viewport &Sdaeygu Erase vkyfvdkufyg/ Command wGif MV [k&dkufí
puúL\nm tay:axmifhwGif View aumufyg/ View port udk puúL \av;ykHwpfykH tuGuftwGif;
rSef;íaumufyg/
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 Applied AutoCAD

(4) Viewport twGif; Double Click ESdyfNyD; 0ifyg/ Command wGif Zoom &dkufí 1/2xp
[k&dkufyguykHudk 1 : 2 Scale csdefay;rnf/ Pan jzihf ykHudk View tv,fwGif ae&mcsvdkufyg/
(5) Command wGif PS [k&dkufí paper space odkY jyefoGm;yg/ ,cktcg 3 D view udk Scale
1:2 jzihf puúLay: ac:wifNyD; jzpfonf/ qufvufí Top, Side, Section View rsm;udk MV
Command rokH;bJ Solview Command jzihf ac:,lygrnf/ rac:,lrSD Section ykHtwGuf Hatch
a&;cs,fonfhtcg rdrdvdkcsifaom Pattern udk BudKwifí Set vkyfEdkifonf/
Command: Hpname
Enter new value for HPNAME <"ANGLE">: Ansi31
Ansi 31 pattern jzihf Hatch a&;cs,af y;ap&efjzpfonf/ tm;vk;H tqifoihjf zpfNyjD zpfojzihf Solview
command udk píokH;ygrnf/
(6) Command: solview
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: u
UCS onf Current UCS twdkif;ykHudk ac:&efjzpfonf/ Current UCS onf World twdkif;
&Sdaeojzihf Top view udk &ygrnf/
Enter an option [Named/World/?/Current] <Current>: w
Enter view scale <1>: 1/2
Scale Factor 1/2 onf 1:2 yifjzpfonf/
Specify view center:

View Center twGuf Paper ay:wGif vuf&Sd 3D ykH\ b,fzufjcrf;puúL\ b,ftay:

f pfae&mwGif Click csyg/ Top view ykaH y:vmrnf/ Pointer udk a&GUMunfyh gu yk\
axmihw H tv,frS

(137)
 Applied AutoCAD

Rubber band wef;vef;ay:aernf/ ,cktcse d w

f iG f yku
H kd ae&majymif;csiu
f ajymif;vdo
k nfah e&mwGif
Click csí a&GUEdkifonf/ rdrdxm;rnfhae&m aocsmvQif Right Click ESdyfyg/
Specify view center <specify viewport>:
Specify first corner of viewport:
Top view ykHudk Rectangle jzihf abmifcyfouJhodkY first corner, opposite corner rsm;axmufí
View port aumufvdkufyg/ 3D view \ Viewport t&G,f cefYrSef;í aumufyg/
Specify opposite corner of viewport:
Enter view name: top
Top [k trnfay;vkdufyg/

(7) ,cktcg Top View ykHudk&&Sdaeygrnf/ Solview Command rSm Active jzpfaeygtk;H rnf/
Section View udk Munfh&ef S &dkufyg/
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: s
Top view viewport twGi;f wGif Pointer a&muf&odS mG ;rnfrnf/ paper space rS model space odYk
ajymif;ay;xm;jcif;jzpfonf/
Specify first point of cutting plane: _mid of

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 Applied AutoCAD

First point of citting plane wGif yku k jf zwfí Munf&h ef Mid-

H kd b,fnmtwdik ;f tvsm;vdu
point awmif;NyD; ykH\ b,fzuftv,frSwfudkjyyg/
Specify second point of cutting plane: <Ortho on>
ortho on NyD; nmwnfhwnfhodkY Pointer udk qGJ,lNyD; wpfae&mwGif Click csyg/
Cutting plane udk dash line jzihf azmfjyay;rnfjzpfí View port \ atmufzufjcrf;wpfae&mwGif
Click csyg/
Specify side to view from:
Enter view scale <0.5>:
Specify view center:
Specify view center <specify viewport>:
Pointer udk atmufwnfhwnfh qGJMunfhygu Rubber Band udk jrif&rnf/ Ortho udk tvdkavsmuf
on ay;xm;jcif;jzpfNy;D View Center twGuf Top view port \ atmufpm&Guf b,fatmufjcrf;wGif
Click vkyfyg/ ykHay:vmvQif Right click ESdyfNyD; view aumufay;yg/
Specify first corner of viewport:
Specify opposite corner of viewport:
Enter view name: Section
view name Section [kay;yg/
(8) qufvufí Orthographic View Munfh&ef O &dkufyg/
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]: o
Specify side of viewport to project: aemuf q k H ; Section view \ viewport
abmifnmzuf Midpoint wGif Click vkyfyg/ zufrSMunfhvQif ykH\ Front view udk jrif&rnf
jzpfaomaMumihfjzpfonf/
Specify view center: Rubben Band udk puúL nmzufwnfhwnfhqGJ,lNyD; ykHudk 3 D
View \ atmufwGif cefYrSef; ae&mcs&í view aumufyg/
Specify first corner of viewport:
Specify opposite corner of viewport:
Enter view name: Front
view name udk Front [k ay;yg/
Enter an option [Ucs/Ortho/Auxiliary/Section]:
Solview commond udk Enter acgufí xGuv f ukd yf g/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(9) ,cktcg puúLay:wGif 3Dview, Top view , Section view, Front view wdu Yk kd &&Sad eygrnf/
3Dview rSvGJí usef view (3)ckonf solview jzihf ac:wifxm;jcif;jzpfonf/
command wGif [k &dkufyg/
Command: soldraw
Select viewports to draw..
Select objects: Solview ESifh ac:wifxm;onfh view port (3)ckukd select vkyNf y;D Enter
acgufyg/
(10) View (3)ckudk Hidden line, Section ykHrsm;jzihf toD;oD; jrifawGU&rnf/ Lintype scale
jyifvdkvQif command wGif lts [k &dkufí 0.25 cefY jyifvkdufyg/
(11) Layer Drop down wGif Munfhygu layer rsm; tvdktavsmuf jyKvkyfay;xm;onfudk
awGU&rnf/ Layer rsm;wGif Viewport wpfckcsif;pDtwGuf Dimension rsm;a&;wyf&eftwGufyg
Dim layer rsm;yg0ifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(12) qufvufí 3 D view twGif; Double click ESdyfí0ifyg/

Command wGif Solprof [k &dkufyg/
Command: solprof
Select objects: 3 D solid ykHudk Select vkyfyg/
Display hidden profile lines on separate layer? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Project profile lines onto a plane? [Yes/No] <Y>:
Delete tangential edges? [Yes/No] <Y>: y
Tangential edge rsm; curves ae&mwGif azmfjyay;vdku Y ajzyg/
One solid selected.
3D ykHrS 2 D profile xkwfay;rnf/ Layer wGif PV- Layer udk Currrent xm;yg/ 3D
solid ykH\ Solid layer ESihf PH - Layer wdkYudk off vkyfvdkufyg/ ykHwGif 2 D profile udkomjrif&
ygvdrfhrnf/ Paper odkY PS &dkufNyD; jyefxGufyg/
(13) Layout rSaeí Model space odkY jyefxGufMunfhygu 2 D profile ykHrsm;udk a&mxyfí
awGUjrifae&rnf/ Layout odkY jyefoGm;yg/ þ Command rsm;udk jyKvkyfxm;onfh Procedure

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 Applied AutoCAD

t&qdkvQif View port rsm;udk Pointer jzihf Select vkyfxm;NyD;? Right Click ESdyfí Popup menu
wGif Display locked wGif Yes xm;um View port rsm; lock vkyf&rnf/
Viewport wpfckcsif; pDodkY0ifí oufqdkif&m Dim layer udk Current xm;NyD; Dimersion
rsm; a&;wyf&ygrnf/ Dimesion rwyfrSD UCS udk View wGif xm;í wyf&rnf/
odaYk omf xdx kd aumif;rGeaf om enf;rSm Express Command wpfcjk zpfaom Chspace
k ufyí
jzihf ykHrsm;udk puúLay:a&TU,lypfjcif;jzpfonf/ jyKvkyfMunfh&ef viewport wpfcktwGif; Double
Click ESihf 0ifyg/
Command: chspace
Select objects: viewport twGif; object tm;vkH;udk Select vkyfyg/
Set the SOURCE viewport active and press ENTER to continue.:
59 object(s) changed from MODEL space to PAPER space.
Objects were scaled by a factor of 0.5 to maintain visual appearance.

,cktcg xdk Viewport twGif;&Sdjrif&aom object tm;vkH; paper ay:a&mufvmygrnf/

viewport abmifudk Erase ESihf zsufvdkufyg/ þenf;twdkif; usef Viewport (3)ckudkvnf;
vkyaf qmifNy;D viewprot rsm;udk Erase vkyv f u k m;vk;H onf paper ay:wGif a&;qGx
kd yf gu yHt J m;ouJo
h Ykd
a&muf&Sdaeygrnf/
(14) Model Tab udkESdyfNyD; Model odkY oGm;yg/ Solid layer rSvGJí Layer tm;vkH;udk ON
vkyfNyD; tokH;rjyKonfh Hidden rsm;udk Erase vkyfvdkufyg/ NyD;vQif Solid Layer udkzGifhygu rl&if;
3Dsolid ykHwpfckom Model wGif usef&Sdaeygawmhrnf/ puúLay:wGif 3 D solid ykH\ 2 D profile
rsm; &SdaeNyD; xdkykHrsm;udk vdkovdk Dimension rsm; qufvufa&;wyfEdkifygonf/ Purge commad
jzihf Layer tydrk sm;udk zsuv kd yf g/ Dimesion udk rdrzd mom Layer topfwck jyKvyk í
f u f a&;wyfyg/
Dimesion a&;wyfvQif Dimlfac wefzdk;udk scale 1:2 twGuf 2 xm;&ef owd&Sdyg/ puúLay:&Sd

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yk H r sm;rS m 1/2 t&G , f o mjzpf a omaMumih f t&G , f r S e f t wd k i f ; a&;wyf E d k i f & ef j zpf o nf /

tokH;jyKaeusolrsm;tzdkY tvG,fwul tokH;jyKEdkifaomfvnf; okH;aerusolrsm;twGuf Flatshot
onf ykdí oihfawmfygvdrfhrnf/
Solprof OK. dwg wGif jyKvkyfay;xm;onfudk Munfh&IEdkifonf/

-------- +++ --------

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 Applied AutoCAD

3D Solid Massproperties

3DSolid Object rsm;ud k Massprop Command jzif h Mass properties

rsm;wGufcsufEdkifygonf/ txl;ojzifh Mechanical Drawing rsm;wGiftoHk;jyK&avh½Sdygonf/
Massprop.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif 3DSolid Object wpfcka&;qGJxm;NyD;xdk Object \
Massproperties rsm;udk&,lí az:jyay;&ef atmufygtwdkif;jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
Command: massorop
Select objects: 3D Solid ykHudk Select vkyy f g/
mass properties rsm;udk Text Window wGifjrifawGU&rnf/
Write analysis to a file? [Yes/No] <N>:
Centroid onf 0,0,0 wGif½SdrSom Bounding Box wefzdk;rsm;udkrSefuefpGm az:jyEdkif
rnfjzpfojzifh yHkudk Centriod 0,0,0 jzpfatmifa½TU,l&ygrnf/
Command: move
Select objects: Object udk Select vkyy f g/
F2 udkESdyfí Text window udkzGifhyg/ Base point wGif vuf½Sdf Centroid wefzdk;\ Coordinate
rsm;udkul;,la&;oGif;yg/
Specify base point or [Displacement] <Displacement>: 92.7170,72.7002
Specify second point or <use first point as displacement>: 0,0
0,0a&;oGif;jcif;jzifh object \ Centroid onf 0,0,0 ae&modkYa&muf½SdoGm;ygrnf/

Command: massorop
Select objects: 3D Solid ykHudk Select vkyy
f g/
mass properties rsm;udk Text Window wGifjrifawGU&rnf/
Write analysis to a file? [Yes/No] <N>:
,cktcg Centroid wefzdk;rsm; 0,0,0 jzpfojzifh Text window rS Text rsm;udk Pointer jzifh
Select vkyfNyD; Ctrl + C ESdyfí Copy ul;,lyg/ Esc Escape Key udkESdyfí Text window
udkvnf;ydwfvdkufyg/ Ctrl + V udkESdyfNyD; Text rsm;udk Screen ay:wGif Paste vkyfjcif;jzifh
Massproperties rsm;udk&½SdEdkifygonf/
odrYk [kwf Massprop Command \ Write Analysis to a file? wGif Yes ajzí .mpr File
tjzpfvnf; odrf;qnf;Edkifonf/ .mpr onf Text File jzpfonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

---------------- SOLIDS ----------------

Mass: 87379.8516
Volume: 87379.8516
Bounding box: X: -32.0000 -- 32.0000
Y: -24.0000 -- 24.0000
Z: -29.5640 -- 30.4360
Centroid: X: 0.0000
Y: 0.0000
Z: 0.0000
Moments of inertia: X: 38353247.5601
Y: 54807829.3749
Z: 48352503.0821
Products of inertia: XY: 0.0000
YZ: 0.0000
ZX: -0.0001
Radii of gyration: X: 20.9505
Y: 25.0447
Z: 23.5236
Principal moments and X-Y-Z directions about centroid:
I: 38353247.5600 along [1.0000 0.0000 0.0000]
J: 54807829.3746 along [0.0000 1.0000 0.0000]
K: 48352503.0819 along [0.0000 0.0000 1.0000]

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 Applied AutoCAD

3DSolid Modeling Commands

3D solid ESifh oufqi

kd af om Command rsm;ESifh Default twdik ;f Acad.pgp wGiyf g0ifaom
Alias rsm;udk atmufwGif pkpnf;azmfjyxm;ygonf/

Command Alias Command Alias

(1) Box - (19) Intersect In
(2) Wedge We (20) Interfere Inf
(3) Cone - (21) Slice Sl
(4) Cylinder Cyl (22) Xedges -
(5) Sphere - (23) Brep -
(6) Pyramid Pyr (24) Sectionplane Splane
(7) Torus Tor (25) Section Sec
(8) Polysolid Psolid (26) Solidedt -
(9) Extrude Ext (27) Flatshot Fshot
(10) Sweep - (28) Solprof -
(11) Loft - (29) Solview -
(12) Revolve Rev (30) Soldraw -
(13) Convtosurface - (31) Region Reg
(14) Convtosolid -
(15) Planesurf - Ctrl + Left Click (to Select Subobjects)
(16) Thicken -
(17) Union Uni Ctrl + Space bar + Left Click ( to select
(18) Subtract Su Subobjects Cycling)

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command Alias rsm;ryg0ifaom Command rsm;udk rdrdzmom pdwfBudKuftwdkaumufrsm;

ay;Edkifygonf/
Tools menu - Customize - Edit Program Parameters (acad.pgp) udz
k iG yfh g/

rdrday;vdkaom trnfonf okH;xm;NyD;om; &Sdr&Sd t&ifppfaq;yg/

Oyrm- CS, * Convtosurface
File udk Save vkyo
f rd ;f Ny;D vQif Command wGif Reinit [k&u
kd yf g/ Re-initialization Dialog
Box ay:vmvQif Pgp File wGif Check vkyfí Ok ESdyfygu pwif tokH;jyKEkdifygrnf/

-------- +++ --------

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 Applied AutoCAD

System Vaviables

atmufwGif 3DSolid Command rsm;jzihf oufqdkifaom System Variable rsm;udk

azmf j yxm;onf / Check jyxm;aom Variable rsm;rS m vuf a wG U tok H ; cs&rnf r sm;jzpf í
odoihfygonf/

(1) Delobj
(2) Facetres
(3) Dispsilh
(4) Isolines
(5) Intersectiondisplay
(2) Psolheight
(3) Psolwidth Polysolid Command

(4) Surfu
(5) Surfv
(6) Loftang 1
(7) Loftang 2
(8) Loftmag 1
Loft Command
(9) Loftmag 2
(10) Loftnormals
(11) Loftparam
(12) Showhist
(13) Solidhist

-------- +++ --------

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 Applied AutoCAD

Chapter -3

Mesh Modeling

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Applied AutoCAD

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 Applied AutoCAD

Mesh Modeling

,aeY 3D Model ESihf Animation Software trsm;tjym;wGit f oH;k jyKaom Model rsm;rSm
Mesh Model rsm;yifjzpfonf/ Mesh object rsm;onf Planar Face rsm;jzifw h q JG uf wnfaqmuf
xm;aomrsufESmjyifom½Sdí twGif;om;r½Sdaom Model rsm;jzpfonf/
Mesh Model jzifah &;qGx J m;aom Box wpfco k nfpuúLbl;cGw
H pfcuk o hJ yYkd ifjzpfonf/ Mesh
Model \t"dutm;enf;csur f mS Planar Face rsm;udo k mtoH;k jyK&ojzifrh suEf mS jyifauG;rsm;twGuf
Curved Edge rsm;udkroHk;EdkifbJ rsOf;ajzmifhrsm;jzifhom tauG;o@mef &½Sd&efwnf aqmuf&
jcif;yifjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif Mesh Model onf 3D Model rsm;wGiftayghyg;qHk;aom Model
rsm;jzpf&m 0xåKypönf;trsm;tjym; yg0ifa&;qGJ&rnfh Design yHkrsm;wGifr½Sdrjzpfta&;ygaom
a&;qGJenf;yifjzpfygonf/
Auto CAD jzifh 3D Model rsm;udka&;qGJ&müxktom;½Sdaom Object rsm; (Oyrm -
Mechinical Drawing rsm;) twGuf Solid Modeling udktoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; Mass properties
rsm;od½Sd&efrvdktyfonfhyHkrsm;twGuf0xåKyHkypönf;\ Shape ay:rlwnfNyD; 3D Solid ESifh Mesh
Object rsm;udkvdktyfovdka&maESmtoHk;jyKa&;qGJEdkifygonf/
tjcm;taMumif ; wpf c suf r S m 3D Solid ES i f h Mesh Object rsm;onf o bm0ES i f h
a&;qGJyHka&;qGJenf;rsm; uGmjcm;rI½SdaomaMumifhoifhawmfonfhae&mrsm;wGif vdktyfovdk toHk;jyK
a&;qGJMu&avonf/ erlemtm; jzifheH&HwpfcsyfwGifjywif;?wHcg;rsm; a&;qGJ&mü eH&Hudk 3DSolid
jzifah &;qGjJ cif;jzifh Subtract Command jzifv h tkd yfaomae&mwGif tvG,w f ulazgufxw k Ef ikd yf grnf/
acgif r d k ; wpf c k u d k a &;qG J & müacgif r d k ; rsuf E S m jyif u d k 3D Face ( planar Mesh ) Object
jzifhvG,fulpGma&;qGJEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifhBuD;rm;aom Building Design rsm;wGiftaygufrsm;
xGif;azguf&efrvdkonfhae&mrsm;? rsufESmjyifauG;rsm; txl;wvnfryg0ifonfhyHkrsm;wGif Mesh
Object rsm;udkxnfhoGif;toHk;jyKa&;qGJjcif;jzifhyHkudkayghyg;apEdkifygonf/ xdkYtjyif Mesh Object
rsm;onf Polyline uGef,ufrsm;om jzpfojzifh Stretch Command jzifh csHKUcsJU,lEdkifonfhtwGuf
Edit vkyf&ef tvGefvG,fulygonf/
AutoCAD 2007 rS pí AutoCAD wGif 3D Modeling twGuf Solid Modeling udk
ydkrdkí Flexible jzpfatmif vG,fulatmif xyfrHjyKjyifrGrf;rHvmNyD; toHk;jyKolrsm;udkvnf; ydkí
toHk;jyKapvdkaom oabmqE´rsm;½Sdívmonfudk awGU&ygonf/ Toolbar wGif Mesh Toolbar

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 Applied AutoCAD

udkyifjyKvkyfxnfhoGif;ay;xm;jcif;r½Sdawmhay/ pma&;ol taeESifhtaMumif;(2)csufudk qifjcifrd

ygonf/
yxrwpfcsufrSm AutoCAD toHk;jyKoltrsm;pkonf 3D Model rsm;udka&;qGJ&mü
3DSolid rsm;udk Mesh rsm;xufydkítm;udk;toHk;jyKjcif;jzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm 3DSolid Com-
mand rsm;rSmydkíoHk;&vG,fulonf[kowfrSwfNyD; xdk Command rsm;jzifhydkí tuRrf;0ifMuojzifh
Developer rsm;uvnf; toHk;jyKolrsm; ydkíESpfoufapvdkaom oabmESifh 'kwd,tcsufrSm
,aeYtcsdefwGifydkíaumif;rGefjrefqefaom Hardware rsm;xGufay:vm onfhtwGuf System
Requirement ydkíjrifhrm;aom Version rsm;udkxkwfvkyfjcif; jzifht&nftaoG;udk ydkíaumif;rGef
vmatmifjr§ifhwifjcif;jzpfonf/ þae&mütoHk;jyKolrsm;rSvnf; Performance ydkíjrifhaom
wefzdk;BuD;aom aemufqHk;ay:pufrsm;udk 0,foHk;rnfqdkvQiftqifajyygvdrfhrnf/
rnfodkYyifqdkap Mesh Modeling onf,aeY 3D Modeling wGiftoHk;trsm;qHk;aom
Modeling jzpfojzifhavhvmtoHk;csoifhygonf/

> AutoCAD Mesh Objects

AutoCAD wGif 3D Face, PolygonMesh ESifh PolyfaceMesh [lí Mesh Object (3)
rsdK;yg0ifygonf/ Polygon ESifh Polyface Mesh rsm;udk Explode Command jzifhazgufcGJygu
3DFace Object rsm;tjzpfwpfppDaygufuo JG mG ;ygrnf/ 3DFace onftajccHjzpfaom Planar Mesh
Object wpfckjzpfNyD; Explode Command jzifhxyfrHrazgufcGJEdkifyg/ atmufwGif Mesh Object
rsm;ESifh,if;wdkYudk&½Sdjzpfay:apaom Command rsm;udkpm&if;jyKvkyfxm;ygonf/

Mesh Objects

Entity Type Object Type Commands

3DFace 3DFace 3dface, ( Explode - Meshs)

Polyline Polygon Mesh 3d, 3dmesh,

Rulesurf, Tabsurf,
Revsurf, Edgesurf

Polyline Polyface Mesh 3d, pface, 3dsin

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 Applied AutoCAD

>> Creating 3DFaces

3Dface onf tem;(3)em;od k Y r [k w f (4)em;yg0if a om rsuf E S m jyif w pf c k j zpf o nf /

tem;(4)em;½Sdaom 3Dface onf Plane wpfcktjzpfvnf;aumif;? puúLwpfcsyfudk axmifhjzwf
acgufcsdK;csdK;xm;ouJhodkY Plane wpfckwnf;taejzifhr[kwfbJ acguffí (Fold) aeEdkifonf/
odkY&mwGifyHkrSeftm;jzifh 3Dface wpfckudk Plane wpfckwnf;tjzpfESifhoma&;qGJoifhNyD;
xdkodkYacgufcsdK;csdK;aeonfhyHkpHudka&;qGJaz:jyvdku tem;oHk;em;½Sdaom 3D face (2)cktaeESifhom
a&;qGJoifhavonf/
3DFace wpfckudk 3DFace Command ESifh a&;qGJEdkifNyD; a&;qGJonfhtcgtpOfojzifh
Counter Clockwise twdkif;om trSwfrsm;udkaz:jya&;qGJ&ygrnf/ taMumif;rSm 3DFace wGif
Front Face (Normal Face) ES i f h Back Face [l í rsuf E S m jyif ( 2)zuf u d k c G J j cm; owf r S w f
xm;jcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/ Counter Clock wise twdkif;a&;qGJrSom Normal Face onfa&;qGJ
ol\jrifuGif;zufwGif&½Sdygrnf/
3DFace Command udktoHk;jyKpOf Current UCS \ Position udk*½kjyKp&mrvdktyfyg/
vufawGUa&;qGJMunfh&ef 3DFace.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGif 3D Face rsm;udka&;qGJxm;onf/ yxrOD;pGm 3DFace Command jzif h 3DFace
vufawGUa&;qGJMunfhygrnf/
oHk;axmifha&;qGJ&ef -

Command: 3dface
Specify first point or [Invisible]: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify second point or [Invisible]: Counter Clockwise twdi k ;f wpfae&mwGif Pick
vkyfyg/
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>:Counter Clockwise twdik ;f wpfae&mwGif Pick
vkyfyg/
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 Applied AutoCAD

oHk;axmifha&;qGJ&eftwGuf Enter (2)csufacgufítqHk;owfyg/

Specify fourth point or [Invisible] <create three-sided face>:
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>:

av;axmifha&;qGJ&ef -
Command: 3dface
Specify first point or [Invisible]: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify second point or [Invisible]:Counter Clockwise twdi k ;f wpfae&mwGif Pick
vkyfyg/
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>:Counter Clockwise twdik ;f wpfae&mwGif Pick
vkyfyg/
Specify fourth point or [Invisible] <create three-sided face>: Counter Clockwise
twdkif;wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyfyg/
Specify third point or [Invisible] <exit>:

3DFace Command wGif Invisible option yg0ifonf/ 3DFace \ Edge tem;pGef;

rsm;udkrjrifawGUvdkygu uG,f0Sufxm;&eftwGufjzpfNyD; I - Option onfBudKwifíawmif;&rnf/
Oyrm - 2-3 Edge udkuG,f0Sufvdkygu 2 trSwfudk Pick rvkyfrDS I Option udkawmif;&rnf/ NyD;rS
2 trSwfudk Pick vkyfNyD;qufía&;qGJygu 2-3 Edge onf Invisible jzpfrnf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh
3D Face udka&;qGJ&mü I Option udkawmif;avhr½Sdyg/ taMumif;rSma&;qJjGyD;aemufwGif rdrduG,f
azsmufvdkaom Edge udk Edge Command jzifhtvG,fwuljyefvnf uG,fazsmuf EdkifaomaMumifh
jzpfonf/
3D Face wpfco
k nf Closed polyline wpfcu hJ yYkd if Grip rsm;rsuikd í
k o f vdo
k vdjk yKjyifEikd Nf y;D
Stretch vnf;jyKvkyfEdkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHkwGif 2, 4 Vertex rsm;udk Grip rsm;rSa½TUwifjcif;jzifhacgufíaeaom 3D Face

udkjyKvkyfxm;onf/ 3D Face rsm;udktoHk;jyKa&;qGJ&müxdkodkYjyKvkyfa&;qGJjcif;udka½SmifusOf&ygrnf/
acgufaeaomyHkpHudk3-Sided Face rsm;tjzpfomcGJía&;qGJjcif;jzifh acgufaeonfudk tvG,fwul
odjrifEdkifygrnf/
3DFace onftrsm;qH;k tem;(4)em;omyg0ifa&;qGE J ikd o
f jzif(h 4)em;xufyakd om rsuEf mS jyif
rsm;jyKvkyfvdkvQifcGJía&;qGJ&ygrnf/

Invisible Edges 1-2

Edge Command

yH k w G i f 3D Face (2)ck t jzpf c G J í tem;(5)ck y gaomrsuf E S m jyif u d k j yKvk y f x m;onf /

rsufESmjyifwGifrjrifvdkaom Edge rsm;udkazsmuf&eftwGuf Edge Command udktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/

Command: edge
Initializing...
Specify edge of 3dface to toggle visibility or [Display]: Polygon yH\
k rsuEf mS jyif
tv,fwGifjzwfaeaom 1-2 Edge udk Select jyKvkyfyg/
Specify edge of 3dface to toggle visibility or [Display]:

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 Applied AutoCAD

3DFace (2)ckpvHk;\ Edge rsm;udkuG,f0Sufay;ygrnf/

Splframe Variable

3D Face wpfck\ Edge rsm;udk Edge Command jzifhuG,f0Sufíxm;Edkif&m uG,f0Suf

xm;aom Invisible Edge rsm;udk,m,Djyefí jrifawGU vdkygu Splframe Variable udk 1 odkY Set
vkyfEdkifygonf/ Oyrm- 3D Face wpfck\tem;wpfckudkuG,f0Sufxm;NyD;aemuf Visible State
odkYjyefíajymif;vdkygu yxrOD;pGmjyefvnfíjrifawGUaeatmifjyKvkyfNyD;rSom Edge Command
udktoHk;jyKí Visible jzpf atmifvkyf&ygrnf/

Command: Splframe
Enter new value for SPLFRAME <0>: 1
Splframe Variable udk Set vkyfNyD;vQif Regem jyKvkyf&efvdktyfygonf/
Command: Regen

Ragenerate jyKvkyfrSom Edge udkjrif&ygrnf/ xdk Edge onf,m,D jrifatmifMunfh½I

xm;jcif;omjzpfNyD; Visible state odkYjyefvnf&½Sdatmif Edge Command jzifhjyefí Select
vkyfay;&rnf/
Command: Edge
Invisible Edge udk Select vkyyf g/
Command: Splframe
Enter new value for SPLFRAME <1>:0
Command: Regen
,cktcg uG,f0Sufxm;aom Edge rSm yHkrSeftwdkif;jyefvnfjrifawGU&ygrnf/ 3D Face
\ Front (or) Back Face (2)ckpvH;k onf Shade vkyv kd wdjyKyg/ Render jyKvyk &f mü
f Qijf rif&onfuo
Discard Back Face Option udktoHk;jyKygu 3D Face \ Back Face onfrjrifawGU&yg/

>> Creating Polygon Meshes

3D Command
3DSolid primitive rsm;uJhodkY Common Shape rsm;udk 3D Command jzifh a&;qGJjyK
vkyfEdkifygonf/ 3D Command wGif Box ESifh Wedge Option (2)ckonf Polyface Mesh

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 Applied AutoCAD

udka&;qGJjyKvkyfay;NyD; usef Option rsm;rSm Polygon Mesh Object rsm;udkjyKvkyfay;onf/

vufawGUa&;qGJMunfh&ef 3DMeshs.dwg udkzGifhyg/
3D Command wGifyg0ifaom Option rsm;udkwpfckNyD;wpfcka&;qGJMunfhygrnf/

(1) Box

Command: 3d
Initializing... 3D Objects loaded.
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: b
Specify corner point of box: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyfyg/ Pick vkyfNyD;vQif Ortho
tvdktavsmuf on ay;xm;ygrnf/
Specify length of box: X - 0if½dk;twdkif; point udkqGJ,lí 25 ½dkufyg/
Specify width of box or [Cube]: Y - 0if½dk;twdkif; point udkqGJ,lí 30 ½dkufyg/
Specify height of box: Ortho on yg/ Pointer ukd Z 0if½;kd twdi
k ;f tay:wnfw
h nfq h ,
JG í
l
40 ½dkufyg/
Specify rotation angle of box about the Z axis or [Reference]:
Box udk X, Y plane ay:wGif Rotate vkyfvdkvQif wefzdk;az:jyEdkifonf/ Enter acgufyg/
Polyface Mesh Box wpfckudk&½Sdygrnf/

(2) Cone

Command: 3d
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: c

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 Applied AutoCAD

Specify center point for base of cone: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyy f g/

Specify radius for base of cone or [Diameter]: 20
Top Radius wefzdk; 0 jzpfvQif xdyfcRefyHkuawmhudk&rnfjzpfNyD; Top Radius az:jyvQif xdyfwGif
Radius wefzdk;½Sdaom tyGifhyHkpHudk&rnf/10 ay;yg/
Specify radius for top of cone or [Diameter] <0>: 10
Specify height of cone: 10
Enter number of segments for surface of cone <16>: 24

Segment rsm;rsm;ay;vQifydkívHk;0ef;rnfjzpfNyD; tvHk;o@mefrvdkcsifygu vdkcsifaom

Polygon Side ta&twGufudkay;Edkifonf/ 24 wefzdk;onfoifhawmfaom tvHk;yHkpH&Edkifonf/
xdkxufwefzdk;rsm;íay;vQifydkvHk;0ef;aomfvnf; Face ta&twGuf ydkírsm;vmrnfjzpfojzifh
Memory vnf;ydkvmygrnf/

(3)Dish

Command: 3d
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: di
Specify center point of dish: wpfae&mwGif Pick vkyy f g/
Specify radius of dish or [Diameter]: 25
Enter number of longitudinal segments for surface of dish <16>: 24
Dish \ vHk;0ef;rItwGuf Longitude wefzdk;onf Latitude wefzdk;xufydk&rnf/
Enter number of latitudinal segments for surface of dish <8>:

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 Applied AutoCAD

(4)Dome
Dish a&;qGJouJhodkYyifjzpfonf/

(5)Mesh
Mesh Option udktoHk;jyKa&;qGJrnfqdkygu yxrOD;pGm trSwf(4)rSwfudkBudKwifae&m
csxm;jcif;jzifrh rd v H &kd Edik yf grnf/trSwrf sm;onf X - Y plane ay:wGiw
d ckd siaf om yHpk u f pfajy; wnf;½Spd
&mrvdktyfyg/ tedrfhtjrifha&;qGJEdkifonf/

Command: 3d
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: m
Specify first corner point of mesh: Osnap - Endpoint jzifh (1) trSww
f iG jf yyg/
Specify second corner point of mesh: (2) trSww f iG jf yyg/
Specify third corner point of mesh: (3) trSwwf iG jf yyg/
Specify fourth corner point of mesh: (4) trSww f iG jf yyg/
Enter mesh size in the M direction: 6
M-direction wGif Y 0if½dk;twdkif;½Sdapvdkaom Segments ta&twGufudkaz:jyyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Enter mesh size in the N direction: 8

N- direction wGif X 0if½dk;twGufaz:jyyg/

(6)Pyramid
Pyramid onf Box uJ h o d k Y a v;axmif h p yf p yf r [k w f b J rd r d v d k o vd k a &;qG J E d k i f
atmifpDrHxm;onf/ ra&;qGJrDSa&;qJGvdkonfhyHkpHudkOD;pGmae&mowfrSwfxm;&efvdktyfonf/
Pyramid wGif Top ESifh Ridge Option (2)ckyg0ifonf/ yxrOD;pGm Top jzifha&;qGJMunfhygrnf/

Command: 3d
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: p
Specify first corner point for base of pyramid: Osnap End Point awmif;Ny;D trSwp f Of
(1) wGif Pick vkyfyg/
Specify second corner point for base of pyramid: (2) wGijf yyg
Specify third corner point for base of pyramid: (3) wGijf yyg/
Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahedron]: (4) wGijf yyg/
Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: t
Specify first corner point for top of pyramid: (5) wGijf yyg/
Specify second corner point for top of pyramid:(6) wGijf yyg/
Specify third corner point for top of pyramid: (7) wGijf yyg/
Specify fourth corner point for top of pyramid: (8) wGijf yyg/
atmuf z uf w G i f a z:jyaomtrS w f p Of \ tpD t pOf t aetxm;twd k i f ; tay:zuf
wGifjy&ygrnf/
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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: 3d
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: py
Specify first corner point for base of pyramid: Osnap - End Point awmif;yg/ (1)wGif
Pick vkyfyg/
Specify second corner point for base of pyramid: (2) wGif Pick vkyy f g/
Specify third corner point for base of pyramid: (3) wGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify fourth corner point for base of pyramid or [Tetrahedron]: (4) wGif Pick
vkyfyg/
Specify apex point of pyramid or [Ridge/Top]: r
Specify first ridge end point of pyramid: (5) wGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify second ridge end point of pyramid: (6) wGif Pick vkyy f g/

(7)Sphere
Sphere a&;qGJyHkrSm Dish, Dome rsm;uJhodkYyifjzpfonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(8)Torus
vufaumufyHka&;qGJ&efjzpfonf/

Command: 3d
Initializing... 3D Objects loaded.
Enter an option
[Box/Cone/DIsh/DOme/Mesh/Pyramid/Sphere/Torus/Wedge]: t
Specify center point of torus: Center twGuf wae&mwGif Pick vkyy
f g/
Specify radius of torus or [Diameter]: 25
Specify radius of tube or [Diameter]: 5
Enter number of segments around tube circumference <16>: 24
vufaumufuGif;wpfavQmufjzpfay:apaom segment az:jy&efjzpfonf/ ydkí0dkif;pufatmif 24
az:jyyg/
Enter number of segments around torus circumference <16>: 12
vufaumufuiG ;f \vHyk wfwavQmuf Segment az:jy&efjzpfonf/ avsmíh az:jyEdik o
f nf/
12 az:jyyg/
owdjyK&efrSm Radius of Torus onf vufaumufuGif;\ tjyifzuftBuD;qHk;t½G,f
udkaz:jyjcif;jzpfNyD; vufaumufuGif;\ vHk;ywf tv,fA[dkpuf0ef;\t½G,fr[kwfyg/ 3DSolid
wGif Torus onfvHk;ywf\ Center wGif½Sdaompuf0ef;t½G,fjzpfonf/

(9)Wedge

Wedge a&;qGJyHkrSm Box a&;qGJyHkESifhtwlwlyifjzpfonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

>> Surftabl, Surftab 2, Surfu, Surfv, Surftype Variables

qufvufaz:jyrnfh Rulesurf, Tabsurf, Revsurf, Edgesurf Command rsm;udrk az:jyrDS

yxrOD;pGmxdk Command rsm;udktoHk;rjyKrDSBudKwifí Set vkyf&aom Variable taMumif;rsm;
udkaz:jyygrnf/

(1)Surftab1 & Surftab2

Surftab1 Variable onf Rulesurf, Tabsurf, Revsurf, Edgesurf tm;vH;k ESio hf ufqikd o
f nf/
Surftab2 onf Revsurf, Edgesurf Command (2) ckEi S o
hf moufqikd o f nf/
Surftabl1, Surftab2 wefzdk;rsm;onf Curved Shape rsm;a&;qGJ&müydkí vHk;0ef;atmif
vnf ; aumif ; ? tem;ta&twG u f t wd t us½S d o nf h Polygonal rsuf E S m jyif r sm;ud k v d k t yf
vQifvnf;aumif; Set vkyfEdkifonf/ Curved Shape r[kwfaom Model rsm;twGuf wefzdk;rsm;udk
Set vkyf&eftxl;rvdktyfyg/ Surftab1, Surftab2 wefzdk;rsm;onf 2 to 32766 txd owfrSwf
Edkifonf/ odkY&mwGifrvdktyfbJwefzdk;trsm;tjym; owfrSwfrnfqdkygu Object rSm Segment
rsm;tvG e f r sm;jym;NyD ; Memory yd k v mygrnf / vuf a wG U wG i f t rsm;qH k ; &m*Pef ; cef Y o m
owfrSwf&avh½Sdygonf/ rlvwefzdk;rsm;rSm 6 wGif½Sdonf/

(2) Surfu, Surfv

Surfu, Surfv Variable rsm;onf N -Direction, M -Direction (2) zufpvHk;wGif Seg-

ments rsm;yg½Sdaom Polygon Mesh rsm;twGufomtoHk;0ifonf/
Revsurf, Edgesurf, 3dmesh, 3D ponfh Command rsm;jzifhjyKvkyf&½Sdaom Polygon
Mesh rsOf ; uG e f , uf r sm;tm; Pedit command \ Smooth Option ES i f h Smooth
jzpfatmifjyKvkyfEdkifonf/ xdkodkYjyKvkyf&mü ydkíacsmarGUajyjypfaom rsufESmjyifudkjzpfay:vm
ap&efrlv Object udk Create jyKvkyfpOfuowfrSwfcJhonfh Surftab1, Surftab2 wefzdk;rsm;xuf
Surfu, Surfv wefzdk;rsm;udkydkíowfrSwfay;jcif;jzifh ajyjypfonfhrsufESmjyifudkjzpfay:aponf/
Surfu, Surfv wefzdk;rsm;onf Smooth jyKvkyfNyD;csdefüvnf;vdktyfovdkjyifqifowf
rSwfEdkfifNyD; Pedit Command jzifhxyfrHí Smooth jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
Surfu, Surfv wefzdk;rsm;onf 2 to 200 txdowfrSwfEdkifonf/ Polygon Mesh Object

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 Applied AutoCAD

k mvQif Pedit Command jzifh Smooth vkyEf ikd Nf y;D Polyface Mesh Object rsm;udrk jyKvyk Ef ikd yf g/
udo
Surfu, Surfv \rlvwefzdk;rsm;rSm 6 wGif½Sdonf/

(3) Surftype

Quadric Cubic Bezier

Surftype onf Polygon Mesh Object rsm;udk Pedit Command jzifh Smooth
jyKvkyfonfhtcgwGif Quadric Fit (5), Cubic Fit (6) ESifh Bezier Fit (8) [lí 5, 6, 8 wefzdk;
(3)rsdK; Set vkyfay;jcif;jzifh ajyjypfrIudkjzpfaponf/ 5 onfajyjypfrIavQmhenf;í 8 onf
ajyjypfrItrsm;qHk;jzpfonf/
vufawGUMunfh½I&ef Surtype.dwg udkzGifhyg/
k iG yf xrOD;pGm 3D Command \ Mesh option ESihf M ESihf N direction 6 pDyg0ifaom Polygon
yHw
Mesh plane object wpfcka&;qGJxm;onf/

Mesh object rsm;onf Polyline uG e f , uf r sm;jzpf í Grip rsm;rS u d k i f í vd k o vd k

yH k p H u d k j yKjyif E d k i f o nf / yH k w G i f Vertex rsm;ud k Grip rsm;rS u d k i f í a½T U ,l j cif ; jzif h rnD n m
aomrsuEf mS jyifjyKvyk x f m;onf/ xdyk u kH kd Surfu, Surfv wefz;kd 12 pDowfrw S Nf y;D aemuf Pedit Com-
mand jzifh Smooth jyKvkyfygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: surfu
Enter new value for SURFU <6>: 12
Command: surfv
Enter new value for SURFV <6>: 12
Command: surftype
Enter new value for SURFTYPE <6>: 5

Smooth jyKvkyf&ef -
Command: pedit
Select polyline or [Multiple]: Mesh object udk Select vkyy
f g/
Enter an option [Edit vertex/Smooth surface/Desmooth/Mclose/Nclose/Undo]: s
Generating segment 4...
Enter an option [Edit vertex/Smooth surface/Desmooth/Mclose/Nclose/Undo]:

Smooth Surface jzpfay:vmrnf/ Surftype 5, 6, 8 toD;oD;\uGmjcm;rIudkjyoxm;onf/

Pedit Option rsm;-
Edit Vertex - Vertex point rsm;udkae&ma½TU,l&ef Next udkESdyfygu Vertex wpfckcsif;
udkMuufajctrSwftom;jzifhjyoay;rnf/ Polygon Mesh \ Vertex rsm;udk Grip rsm;ESifha½TUEdkif
ojzifh usef Option udkroHk;vnf;&ygonf/
Desmooth - Smooth vkyfxm;&mrSrlvyHkpHtwdkif;jyefí&ap&ef?
Mclose - M-direction ½Sa
d omrsuEf mS jcif;qdik t
f em; (2) zufuykd wfvnfjzpfatmif
ydwfay;rnf/
N close - N bufudkydwfay;rnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

rsufESmjyifrnDaom Object rsm; (Oyrm - Landscape, Fabrics ) ponf rsm;jyKvkyf&m

wGifoHk;Edkifonf/

Rulesurf Command

Line, Polyline, Circle, Arc, Spline, Point Object rsm;ud k w pf c k E S i f h w pf c k

tajzmif h w G J q uf í rsuf E S m jyif r sm;ud k j zpf a y:aponf / xd k o d k Y w G J q uf í jzpf a y:vmaom
rsufESmjyifwGifyg0ifrnfh Face rsm;\ta&twGufonf Surftab1 \ Value ESifhoufqdkifonf/
Surftab1 wefzdk; 6 jzpfvQifrsufESmjyifwGif Face 6 ckyg0ifwGJqufaernf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Rulesurf. dwg udkzGifhyg/
yH k ( 1)wG i f Arc wpf c k E S i f h Line wpf c k w d k Y u d k a &;qG J x m;NyD ; xd k Object (2) ck u d k Rulesurf
jzifhwGJqufMunfhygrnf/ rwGJqufrSDwGJqufrnfh Object rsm;wGifrsOf;auG;yg0ifojzifh&½Sdvmaom
rsufESmjyifudkajyjypfpGmtauG;twdkif; &½Sdap&ef Surftab1 wefzdk;udkwdk;ay;&ygrnf/
Command: surftab1
Enter new value for SURFTAB1 <6>: 12

Surftab wefzdk;rsm;onf Object udk Create rvkyfrSDBudKwif Set vkyfxm;&NyD; Object

jzpfay:vmNyD;rS jyefvnf Set vkyfíjyifqifrI rjyKvkyfEdkifonfudkowdjyKyg/
Command: Rulesurf
A1 tpGefzufwGifrsOf;udk Select vkyfyg/
B1 tpGefzufwGif Arc udk Select vkyfyg/
Line ESifh Arc udkwGJqufí Polygon Mesh rsufESmjyifjzpfay:vmrnf/ &½Sdaom Object
onf Current Layer wG i f j zpf a y:vmNyD ; rl & if ; obiect wdkYo nfq ufv ufí rlv twdki f;
yifusef½Sdaeygrnf/ Surftabl \ta&twGuftwdkif; Face rsm;udk&½Sdygrnf/ Object (2)
ckudkvSrf;íwGJquf&mütajzmifhtwdkif;wGJqufay;í Rulesurf [kac:jcif;yifjzpfavonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Rulesurf wGif object rsm;udkxdawGU Select jyKvkyf&mü rsufESmjcif;qdkiftpGef;(2)zufudk

xdawGUrSom rsufESmjyifudkwpfajzmifhwnf;&½SdEdkifNyD; axmifhjzwftpGefrsm;udkxdawGUrnfqdkygu
rsufESmjyifonfvdrfíoGm;ygrnf/ yHkwGif A1 - B1 odkY A2 - B2 tpGefrsm;udkrxdawGUbJ A1 - B2
trSwfrsm;odkYjyygu Self Intersect jzpfNyD;vdrfíaeaom rsufESmjyifukd&rnf/

yHk(2)wGif Circle wpfckESifh Line wpfckudka&;qGJxm;NyD;xdk object (2)ckudk Rulesurf

ES i f h w G J q uf M unf h y g/ Cannot mix closed and open paths [k Command prompt
wGifay:vmrnfjzpfNyD;wGJqufay;rnfr[kwfyg/ wGJqufay;rnfh object rsm;onf (2) ckpvHk; open
odkYr[kwf closed boundary jzpf&ygrnf/

yHk(3)wGif Circle ESifh point trSwfudkwGJqufíuefawmhcRefudkjzpfay:aponf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(4)wGif½Sdaom Object rsm;onf Closed Boundary rsm;jzpfaomfvnf; Shape rsm;onf

polygon rsm;uJ h o d k Y t csd K ;nD a om outline rsm;r[k w f o jzif h Rulsurf ES i f h w G J q uf o nf h t cg
rdrdvdkcsifaomwdusonfh yHkpHudk&rnfr[kwfyg/ xdkYaMumifh Rulesurf jyKvkyfrnfh object (2)ckonf
t½G,ftpm;nDonfjzpfap? rnDonfjzpfap yg0ifaomtem;rsm;onf t½G,frnDygu toHk;
rjyKEdkifyg/

yH(k 5)wGif tem;ta&twGuw l aD om Polygom (6) axmif(h 2)ckukd Rulesurf jzifw

f n h q
JG ufxm;onf/
rwGJqufrSD Surftab1 wefzdk;udktem;ta& twGuftwdkif; (6) xm;ay;&efvdktyfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh
Rulesurf onftem;ta&twGufnDaom Polygon rsm;udkwGJquf&mü toHk;0ifygonf/
yHk (6) wGif Polygon (6) em;(2)ckudkwGJqufxm;onf/ txufESifhatmuf Polygon
rsm;\tem;rsm; Align atmifxm;NyD; Twist jzpfaeonfh yHkpHrsdK;udka&;qGJjyKvkyfEdkifavonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Rulesurf udt
k oH;k jyKí Models tcsKd Ua&;qGjJ yxm;onf/ rsO;f ajzmif(h 2)aMumif;udk Rulesurf
ESihf quf&efrvdo
k nfuokd wdjyKyg/ 3D Face jzifah &;qGEJ ikd o
f nf/ Rulesurf Command udt k oH;k jyK&mü
Current UCS \ position udk*½kpdkufp&mrvdktyfyg/

Tabsurf Command

Line, Arc, Circle, Ellipse, 2DPolyline, 3DPolyline ponfh Object rsm;udk Path ( Direc-
tion Vector ) vrf;wpfavQmufrsufESmjyifudkjzpfay:apEdkifonf/ Path vrf;aMumif;onf Line,
2DPolyline, 3DPolyline wdkYudktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/ Path vrf;aMumif;onf rsOf;wpfajzmifhwnf;
r[kwfbJ wpfqpfcsdK;jzpfygu vrf;aMumif;\prSwfESifh qHk;rSwfudkrsOf;wpfajzmifhwnf; taeESifhom
,lqírsufESmjyifudkjyKvkyfay;ygrnf/
xdkYaMumifh Path vrf;aMumif;udka&;qGJ&mürsOf;ajzmifhwpfcktaeESifhom a&;qGJ&efvdktyfyg
onf/ Tabsurf jyKvkyfrnfh object udk Path curve [kac:a0:NyD; xdk object wGif Curve shape
rsm;yg0ifygu Surftab1 wefzdk;udkvdktyfovdkBudKwifíowfrSwfay;jcif;jzifh ajyjypfaomrsufESmjyif
tauG;udk&½SdEdkifrnf/ Path Curve onf Line jzpfygu Surftab1 wefzdk;onfoufa&mufrI½SdNyD;
Curve shape rsm;ryg0if aom Polyline jzpfygu Surftab1 wefz;kd onfoufa&mufrr I ½Syd g/ xdak Mumifh
Line object udk Tabsurf jyKvkyfjcif;udka½SmifusOfyg/ 3D Face ESifhomrsufESmjyifudka&;qGJyg/
Tabsurf Command onf 3D polyline Object udk Path wpfavQmufrsuE f mS jyifjyKvyk af y;
Edkifojzifh txl;toHk;0ifaom Command jzpfygonf/ acgifrdk;yHkrsm;a&;qGJ&mü Eave Board udk
Tabsurf udktoHk;jyKíjyKvkyfEdkifonf/
Tabsurf jyKvkyfrnfh Path Curve ESifh Path vrf;aMumif;onfaxmifhrwfusodkYr[kwf
'D*&Dapmif;ívnf;½SdaeEdkifonf/ xdktapmif;twdkif;rsufESmjyifudk&½Sdrnf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Tabsurf. dwg udkzGifhyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(1)wGif polyline ESifh Closed Polyline object (2)ckudka&;qGJxm;onf/ rsOf;auG;rsm;rygojzifh

Surftab1 wefzdk;udk*½kpdkuf&efrvdkyg/
Command: tabsurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=12
Select object for path curve: Polyline udk Select vkyy f g/
Select object for direction vector: Path vrf;aMumif;udk P1 trSwz f ufwiG f Select vkyyf g/
rsuEf mS jyifu&kd ½Srd nf/ Path vrf;aMumif;udk P2 trSwzf ufwiG f Select vkyfvQifjzpfay:vm
aomrsufESmjyifonf P2 - P1 twdkif;atmufzufodkY&½Sdrnf/ Path vrf;aMumif;onf Path curve
ESifh wpfae&mwnf;twl½Sd&ef rvdkyg/ Closed polyline udkvnf;qufíjyKvkyfMunfhyg/

yH(k 2)wGif Path curve onf rsO;f auG;yg0ifojzifh yxrOD;pGm Surftab1 wefz;kd udv
k o
kd avmuf
Set vkyf&rnf/ xdk Arc ae&mwGifowfrSwfxm;aom Surftabl wefzdk;twdkif; rsufESmjyif ta&
twGufudk&½Sdrnf/

yHk(3)wGif Path onf Path curve object ESifh axmifhrwftaetxm;r½Sdojzifh &½Sdvm

aomrsufESmjyifonfvnf; Direction Vector \tapmif; twdkif;&½Sdrnf/

yHk(4)wGifacgifrdk;wpfckwGif Eave Board udka&;qGJ&eftwGuf yxrOD;pGm acgifrdk;tem;

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 Applied AutoCAD

ywfvnfudk 3D polyline jzifha&;qGJxm;onf/ ab;wGif Eave Board \txltwdkif; Direction

Vector rsOf;udka&;qGJNyD; Tabsurf Command jzifh Eave Board jyKvkyfEdkifonf/
Tabsurf udt k oH;k jyKí Model wpfcak &;qGjJ yxm;onf/ Polygon Mesh, Polyface Mesh,
3D Face wduYk kd Grip rsm;rSuikd í
f aomf vnf;aumif; vdo k vdv
k , f pl mG Edit vkyEf ikd o
G u f nfuo
kd wdjyKyg/
Tabsurf Command udktoHk;jyK&mü Current UCS \ Position udk *½kjyK&efrvdktyfyg/

Revsurf Command

Revsurf onf Axis 0if½dk;wpfcktwdkif; Path curve udkywfvnfvSnfhí rsufESmjyif

udjkzpfay:aponf/ Line, Arc, Circle, Ellipse, Elliptical Arc, 2D & 3D polyline, spline tp½So
d nfh
Object rsm;udk Path curve tjzpftoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; wqpfcsdK; Polyline rsm;jzpfygu tpESifh tqHk;
rSw fu dkrsOf ;wajzmif h wnf ;tjzpf ,l q NyD; 0if½ dk; tjzpft oHk; jyKrnf/ xdkYa Mumifh0 if½ dk; onfr sOf;
wpfaMumif;tjzpfoma&;qGJoifhonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Path curve udk 0if½dk;wpfavQmufvSnfhaomtcgjzpfay:vmrnfhrsufESmjyif\ Face

ta&twGufonf Surftabl ESifhoufqdkifNyD; Path curve onf rsOf;auG;rsm;yg0ifvQif rsOf;auG;
rsm;wpfavQmufajyjypfap&ef Surftab2 udkyg owfrSwfay;&rnf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Revsurf. dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif Arc wpfckudk0if½dk;wpfcktwdkif;vSnfh&efa&;qGJxm;onf/ Surftab1 - 24,
Surftab2 - 6 Set vkyfyg/
Command: revsurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=4 SURFTAB2=16
Select object to revolve: Arc udk Select vkyy f g/
Select object that defines the axis of revolution: Axis rsO;f udk P2 trSwz
f ufwiG f Select
vkyfyg/ Axis udk Select vkyf&mü Select vkyfaomtpGefzufonf Axis rsOf;\tqHk;[k,lq
ítjcm;wzufrS Munfh½Ionfhtwdkif; Angle udkwGufcsuf&ygrnf/ ,ck P2 wGif Select vkyfojzifh
P1 trSwfzufrSMunfh½Iaeonfhtwdkif; Angle udkwGufcsuf&ygrnf/
Specify start angle <0>:
Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: -180
tcHk;&&ef tEIwfjzifhaz:jyay;onf/
180 'D*&Dvn
S í hf oGm;ygrnf/ Surftab1, Surftab2 wefz;kd rsm;twdik ;f Face rsm;ud&k ½Syd grnf/
yHk(1)\ (B) wGif P2 trSwfzufwGif 0if½dk;udk Select vkyfí 180 'D*&Day;jcif; jzifh
tcGufudk&½Sdrnf/
yHk(1)\ (C) twGufatmufygtwdkif;jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/
Command: revsurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=24 SURFTAB2=6
Select object to revolve: Arc udk Select vkyy f g/
Select object that defines the axis of revolution: Axis rsO;f udk P2 zufwi
G f Select vkyyf g/
P1 zufrSMunfhaeonf[k,lq&rnf/
Specify start angle <0>: 45
Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: -180

Start angle wGif 45 ay;jcif;jzifhvuf½Sd Path curve wnf½Sdaomae&mrS 45 'D*&Dxyfí

Counter Clockwise twd k i f ; Path curve ud k a ½T U ,l v d k u f o nf h o abmjzpf y gonf /

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 Applied AutoCAD

xdaYk Mumifjh zpfay:vmrnfh rsuEf mS jyifonf vuf½dS Path curve wnf½adS e&mrSrpbJ owfrw
S af y;onfh
ae&mrSpygrnf/

yHk(2)wGifpuf0dkif;wpfckudkowfrSwf Arc wpfavQmuftwdkif;rsufESmjyifjzpfay:&ef Revsurf

Command jzifhjyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/ yxrOD;pGm Arc \ Angle udkwdkif;wmxm;&rnf/ xdk Arc
\tpGefwGif Circle udk Position rSefpGmxm;½Sd&efatmufygtwdkif;jyKvkyf&rnf/
Command: ucs
Current ucs name: *WORLD*
Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]
<World>: ob
Select object to align UCS: Arc udk a1 trSwfzufwGif Select vkyfyg/
UCS \ X 0if½dk; Direction onf a1trSwfodkYñTefNyD; Arc \A[dkwGifa&muf½Sdygrnf/
UCSI Toolbar rS X ud k E S d y f í Enter acguf y gu X 0if ½ d k ; vS n f h í axmif a y;rnf /
,cktcgrdrda&;qGJvdkaom Circle udk a1trSwfwGif Endpoint awmif;ía&;qGJEdkifygrnf/ UCS udk
World wGifjyefxm;yg/
Arc \A[dkrS P1, P2 rsOf;udka&;qGJyg/ xdkrsOf;udk Axis tjzpftoHk;jyK&ygrnf/
Surftab 1 - 24, Surftab 2 - 12 Set vkyfyg/
Command: revsurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=24 SURFTAB2=6
Select object to revolve: Circle udk Select vkyy f g/
Select object that defines the axis of revolution: Axis udk P1 trSww f iG f Select vkyyf g/
P2 zufrMS unf½ h aI eonf[, k q
l &rnf/
Specify start angle <0>:
Specify included angle (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: -104

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 Applied AutoCAD

Revsurf udktoHk;jyK&mü Surftab1 wefzdk;udkrdrdvdkcsifaom Shape &½Sd&eftrsdK;rsdK;

owfrSwfíjyKvkyfEdkifonf/ Revsurf udkvHk;0dkif;aom yHko@mefrsufESmjyifrsm;jyKvkyf&eftwGuf
omtoHk;jyKjcif;r[kwfonfudkowdjyKyg/
Surftabl wefz;kd twdi k ;f Path curve udv k nS ahf y;&mü Diagonal twdik ;f vSnahf y;onfjzpf&myxrOD;pGm
Diagonal Section ud& k &efjyKvyk &f rnf/
yHk(3)wGif AHkqifhwpfck\ Elevation udkyxrOD;pGm Diagonal wGif½Sdaom Section plane
&&efjyKvkyfyHkudkjyoxm;onf/ Elevation yHkrsm;onf Orthographic view rsm;rSomMunfh½Iojzifh
Diagonal Section &&ef Extrude Command ESihf Section Command wdu kd oH;k jyKNy;D Diagonal
Yk t
Section udk&½Sdapygonf/

yxrOD;pGm axmifhrwfcsdK;aom Path vrf;aMumif;wpfckudk Pline jzifha&;qGJí Elevation

Section udk Extrude jyKvkyfonf/ axmifhcsdK;ae&mwGif Section Command jzifh Section jzwfí
Section plane ud&
k ½Sad ponf/ Section plane onf Region object jzpf&m Explode vkyNf y;D UCS
Align uyfíjyefvnf Polyline jzpfatmifwq JG ufonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Surftab1 wef z d k ; ud k 4 wG i f x m;í Revsurf jyKvk y f j cif ; jzif h a ygh y g;aom Polygon Mesh
AHkqifhudk&½Sdapygonf/
tu,fírdrjd yKvyk v f o H nf Square r[kwb
kd nfyh pkH o f J tem;(6) em; (8) em;pojzifyh g½Sad om
Polygon rsm;jzpfygu Extrude vkyf&ef Path vrf;aMumif;udka&;qGJ&mü Polygon \ Angle
twdik ;f a&;qGaJ y;&rnfjzpfNy;D Surftab 1 wefz;kd udvk nf;tem;ta&twGut f wdik ;f owfrw
S af y;&rnf/

Revsurf udtk oH;k jyK&mü Current UCS \ Position ud*k ½kjyK&efrvdyk g/ Revsurf toH;k jyKí
Model yHkwpfckudka&;qGJjyxm;onf/ Revsurf onf tvHk;o@mefudkom&½Sdapojzifh Ellipse
yHko@mef Model udkvdkcsifygu Block tjzpfodrf;qnf;NyD; Insert jyefíjyKvkyfonfhtcg X, Y
Scale udkvdkovdkay;íjzpfay:apEdkifonfudkowdjyKyg/

Edgesurf Command

Line, Arc, Spline, 2D odkY 3D polyline Object rsm;wpfckESifhwpfckpqHk;rSwfrsm;xdpyfí

ywfvnfabmifydwftjzpfwnf½SdaevQif Edgesurf Command jzifhrsufESmjyifjyKvkyfEdkifonf/
Edgesurf wGif yxrqHk;pí Select vkyfaom Object bufonf Surftab1 ESifhqdkifonf/
usexf pd yftem;wpfzufonf Surftab2 ESio f nf/ Object (4)ckukd Select vky&f mü tpDtpOf
hf ufqikd o
usp&mrvdkbJ wpfckNyD;wpfck Select vkyfoGm;Edkifonf/ Object (4)ckonf Plane wpfckay:wGif
vnf;aumif; Plane wpfcw k nf;r[kwb f J yHpk t
H aetxm;trsKd ;rsKd ;wGif wnf½adS eEdik Nf y;D wpfcEk iS w
hf pfck
pqHk;rSwfrsm;xdpyfaevsif Edgesurf Command udktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
vufawGU j yKvkyf&ef Edgesurf.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHk(1)wGif Arc (2)ckESifh Line (2)ckudkabmifydwfjzpfatmifa&;qGJxm;onf/ Edgesurf
onftaqmuftODrsm;ü Glass Wall rsm;a&;qGJ&mwGiftoHk;0ifygonf/ rdrda&;qGJrnfhrSefcsyfrsm;\

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 Applied AutoCAD

ta&twGufudk Surftab1, Surftab2 wefzdk;rsm;jzifhaz:jyEdkifonf/ Surftab1 - 6, Surftab2 - 4

set vkyfyg/

Command: edgesurf
Current wire frame density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=4
Select object 1 for surface edge: atmufzuf½Sd Arc udk Select vkyfyg/
Select object 2 for surface edge: tjcm; Object wpfckudk Select vkyfyg/
Select object 3 for surface edge: tjcm; Object wpfckudk Select vkyfyg/
Select object 4 for surface edge: tjcm; Object wpfckudk Select vkyfyg/
yxrqH;k píxdawGUaomzufwiG f Surftab1 wefz;kd twdik ;f 6 Faces ud&k ½SNd y;D usew
f zufwiG f
4 Faces udk&½Sdrnf/ rSefcsyfrsm;onf wpfcsyfpD½Sdaom Panel rsm;jzpfygu Explode Command
jzifhazgufcGJjcif;jzifh 3D Face wpfcsyfpDtjzpf&½SdEdkifygonf/

yHk(2)wGifrdrdjyKvkyfvdkaom Model twGuf wireframe outline udkOD;pGma&;qGJNyD;

rdro
d wfrw
S v f akd om Surftab1, Surftab2 wefz;kd rsm;ay;í Edgesurf jzifyh akH z:xm;onf/ Surftab1,
Surftab2 wef z d k ; rsm;ud k v d k o nf x uf y d k í ray;&ef v d k t yf y gonf / wef z d k ; rsm;pG m ay;vQif y H k r S m

(176)
 Applied AutoCAD

ydkíajyjypfacsmarGUrnfrSefaomfvnf; Memory rsm;NyD; yHkBuD;rsm;a&;qGJ&mtwGufroifhawmfyg/

Edgesurf jzif h Model tcsd K U j yKvk y f j yxm;onf / rd r d j yKvk y f v d k a omyH k p H o nf
tem;(3)em;tjzpfom½Sdaeygu tem;wpfem;udk(2)ydkif;jzwfí (4)em;tjzpfjyKvkyfa&;qGJEdkifygonf/

3DMesh Command

3DMesh Command onfyHkqGJjcif;ESifhroufqdkifyg/ Program a&;&mü Known point

rsm;twdkif;az:jyí yHkudkjzpfapEdkif&eftoHk;jyKonfh Command jzpfygonf/
vufawGU Munfh½I&ef 3Dmesh.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGif Node point rsm;csxm;aom trSwfrsm;twdkif; Mesh object udk&½Sd&ef 3Dmesh
Command udktoHk;jyKygrnf/

Command: 3dmesh
Enter size of mesh in M direction: 2
Enter size of mesh in N direction: 3

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 Applied AutoCAD

Specify location for vertex (0, 0): 0,0 trSww

f iG jf yyg/
Specify location for vertex (0, 1): qufvufíNy;D qH;k onftxd tñTe;f a&;xm;onft
h rSwf
rsm;twdkif;jyoGm;yg/
Specify location for vertex (0, 2):
Specify location for vertex (1, 0):
Specify location for vertex (1, 1):
Specify location for vertex (1, 2):

Mesh Object rsm;onf Grip rsm;rS u d k i f í vnf ; aumif ; Stretch Command

jzifhvnf;aumif; yHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;jyKjyifEdkifojzifh rdrdvdk&myHkpHudk 3D Command \ Mesh Option
ESiahf omfvnf;aumif; Edgesurf ESiahf omfvnf;aumif; yxr plane wpfcjk yKvyk Nf y;D jyefvnfjyifqif
jcif;udkomjyKvkyfyg/

>> Creating Polyface Meshes

Polyface Mesh rsm;onf Polygon mesh rsm;uJ h o d k Y y if Polyline uG e f , uf

rsufESmjyifrsm;jzpfonf/ Polyface Mesh rsm;udk PFace Command jzifhjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Pface. dwg udkzGifhyg/
Pface rsm;udka&;qGJ&mü a&;qGJenf;(2)enf;toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/
a&;qG J e nf ; (1)

þa&;qGeJ nf;onf toH;k jyKorl sm;t"dutoH;k jyKa&;qG&J rnfeh nf;jzpfygonf/ pifppf Pface
Command onf Mesh program rsm;a&;onf h t cgwG i f o mtoH k ; jyK&avh ½ S d a omf v nf ;
a&;qGJvdkonfhrsufESmjyif\ Shape ay:rlwnfNyD; a&;qGJ&vG,fulonfh Shape jzpfygu Pface
jzifha&;qGJEdkifonf/
yxrOD;pGmrdrda&;qGJvdkonfh Shape udkatmufygtwdkif;ppfaq;Munfhyg/ yHk(1)wGif L
yH k o @mef Shape wpf c k u d k a &;qG J x m;onf / Shape wpf c k \ tem;ay:½S d w pf a e&mrS
axmifhrSwfwpfckrSaeírsOf;rsm;udk tjcm;axmifhrSwfrsm;odkYa&;qGJMunfhí&½Sdaom rsOf;rsm;onfxdk
Shape \ Boundary twGif;üom½Sdaernfqdkygu þa&;qGJenf;udktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
yHkwGif(1)trSwfrSaeí 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 axmifhrSwfrsm;odkY rsOf;rsm;qGJMunfhvQifxdkrsOf;rsm;onf
Shape \{&d,mtwGif;üom½Sdaeojzifh Pface Command jzifh atmufygtwdkif;a&;qGJEdkifonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Osnap- Endpoint awmif;yg/

Command: pface
Specify location for vertex 1: 1 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 2 or <define faces>: 1 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 3 or <define faces>: 2 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 4 or <define faces>: 3 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 5 or <define faces>: 4 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 6 or <define faces>: 5 wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 7 or <define faces>: 6 wGijf yyg/
Face 1, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: 1
Face 1, vertex 2:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 2
Face 1, vertex 3:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 3
Face 1, vertex 4:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 4
Face 1, vertex 5:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 5
Face 1, vertex 6:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 6
Face 1, vertex 7:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>:
Face 2, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 rsufESmjyiftwdkif; Polyface mesh udk&½Sdrnf/ 3D Face uJhodkY wpfppD

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 Applied AutoCAD

r[kwfbJ wpfwGJwpfqufwnf;½Sdaom rsufESmjyifrsm; udkvdkcsifvQiftoHk;0ifygonf/

Command wGif Splframe ½dkufí 1 odkY Set vkyfyg/
Regen Command jzifh Regen jyKvkyfyg/ Polyface Mesh \ 1-4, 1-5 Edge rsm;onf
Invisible Edge rsm;tjzpftvdktavsmufuG,faysmufay;xm;onfudkawGU&ygrnf/ Splframe udk
0 odkYjyef Set vkyfí Regen vkyfyg/
Pface udak &;qGo J nft h cg Current layer ESihf Current Color twdik ;f &½Srd nfjzpfNy;D Color,
Layer rsm;oD;oefYay;vdku Color, Layer option rsm;wGifowfrSwfay;Edkifonf/ xdkodkYtcsdefukef
cHNyD;jyKvkyfavhr½Sdyg/ Pface udktoHk;jyKjcif;\&nf½G,fcsufrSmwpfwGJwpfqufwnf;½SdaomObject
udk& ½Sda pjcif ;jzif h ud k if wG ,f &vG ,f ul jcif; Render jyKvky &ef material csdwf&mwGif object
wpfckwnf;taejzifhcsdwfqGJEdkifjcif;ponfhtusdK;rsm;twGufyifjzpfygonf/

txufygenf;twdkif; yHk(2)? yHk(3)wdkYudkvnf;jyKvkyfMunfhyg/

yHk(4)wGifa&;qGJxm;aom Shape rSm rnfonfhaxmifhrSwf (odkY) tem;rsm;ay:½Sd trSwf

wpfae&m&mrSrsOf;rsm;a&;qGJonfjzpfap Boundary twGif;0ifatmifr&½SdEdkifojzifh rsOf;a&;
qG J e nf ; ud k t oH k ; rjyKEd k i f a wmh y g/ xd k y H k r sm;twG u f a &;qG J e nf ; (1) ud k t oH k ; rjyKEd k i f a wmh y g/
a&;qGJenf;(2)enf;udkoHk;&ygrnf/

(180)
 Applied AutoCAD

a&;qGJenf;(2)
rsOf;a&;qGJenf;rSm rnfonfhyHko@mefudkrqdka&;qGJEdkifNyD; tvGef½IyfaxG;aomyHkBuD;
rsm;udkrla&;qGJrnfqdkygu tcsdefay;&rnfjzpfojzifh vdktyfrSoma&;qGJoifhonf/ yxrOD;pGmrdrd
a&;qGJvdkonfh shape udk Outline a&;qGJNyD;axmifhrSwfrsm;wGif trSwfpOfrsm; BudKwifa&;wyf
xm;&ygrnf/
a&;qGJenf;(1)wGifrl trSwfpOfrsm;wyfxm;&efrvdkbJ Vertex Location tpOftwdkif;
½d k u f o G i f ; oG m ;½H k j zpf o nf / ,ck e nf ; wG i f r d r d a &;qG J v d k a om Face rsm;ud k w pf c k c sif ; az:jyay;
oGm;&rnfjzpfojzifh trSwfpOfrsm;udka&;wyfxm;rSom Face rsm;az:jy&mütrSm;r½Sdrnfjzpfonf/
yHk(4)wGiftrSwfpOfrsm;a&;wyfxm;NyD;qGJ&rnfh Face (3)ckyg0ifonfudkawGU&rnf/ Osnap-
Endpoint awmif;xm;yg/

Command: pface
Specify location for vertex 1: trSw(f 1)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 2 or <define faces>: (2)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 3 or <define faces>: (3)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 4 or <define faces>: (4)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 5 or <define faces>: (5)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 6 or <define faces>: (6)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 7 or <define faces>: (7)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 8 or <define faces>: (8)wGijf yyg/
Specify location for vertex 9 or <define faces>: (9)wGijf yyg/
Face 1, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: 3
Face 1, vertex 2:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 4

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 Applied AutoCAD

Face 1, vertex 3:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: -5
Face 1, vertex 4:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 2
Face 1, vertex 5:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>:
Face 2, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: 5
Face 2, vertex 2:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: -6
Face 2, vertex 3:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 1
Face 2, vertex 4:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: -2
Face 2, vertex 5:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>:
Face 3, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]: 6
Face 3, vertex 2:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 7
Face 3, vertex 3:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: 8
Face 3, vertex 4:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>: -1
Face 3, vertex 5:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer] <next face>:
Face 4, vertex 1:
Enter a vertex number or [Color/Layer]:

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 Applied AutoCAD

yHk(5)wGifvnf;prf;oyfMunfhyg/ Face rsm;rSmyHkpHtrsdK;rsdK;wnf½SdaeEdkifygonf/

3Dsin Command

.3ds File rsm;udk 3Dsin Command jzifah c:,lxnfo

h iG ;f í&½Sad om Object rsm;onfvnf;
Polyface mesh rsm;jzpfonf/ 3ds File rsm;onftjcm; 3D Software rsm;rSa&;qGJaom model
rsm;udk .3ds Format jzifhodrf;qnf;Edkifygu AutoCAD wGifxnfhoGif;toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef New Drawing wpfckudkzGifhyg/ Apply3d dwgs wGif Car.3ds
File udkxnfhay;xm;onf/ xdk File udk Auto CAD odkYac:,lxnfhoGif;Munfhygrnf/

Command: 3dsin
3D studio File Import Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
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 Applied AutoCAD

Car.3ds File udk Select vkyfí open udkESdyfyg/

3D Studio File Import Options wGif Object Name wGif Car model udk select vkyNf y;D
Add udkESdyfyg/ Selected objects tuGufwGifa&muf½SdoGm;rnf/
Save to Layers: wGifvdk&mudka½G;Edkifonf/ Multiple Material Objects wGifvnf;0if
a&mufvmrnfh Object wGif Material rsm;csdwfqGJxm;yguvdk&ma½G;Edkifonf/ Split by Material
wGifa½G;xm;yg/Ok ESdyfyg/ yHkudk Zoom All jyKvkyfygu Car udkjrif&rnf/

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Material ay:rlwnfí Object rsm;udkoD;oefYpD&½Sdrnf/

Adokum Design yHkrsm;a&;qGJMu&mü Furniture rsm; Landscape object rsm;udk 3Ds File
rsm;rSxnhfoGif;toHk;jyKavh½Sdygonf/ ,cktcsdefwGiftoifha&;qGJNyD; 3Ds File trsm;tjym;½SdaeNyD;
½SmazGpkaqmif;toHk;csEdkifygonf/

> Editing Mesh Objects

3D Face, Polygon Mesh, Polyface Mesh object rsm;onf Grip rsm;rSvnf;aumif;

stretch Command jzif h v nf ; aumif ; Edit jyKvk y f E d k i f o jzif h a&;qG J N yD ; aemuf
wGifjyefvnfjyKjyifrIjyKvkyf&mütvGefvG,fulygonf/
erlemrsm;tjzpfavhvmEdkif&ef Mesh Edit. dwg udkzGifhyg/

yHk(1)wGif Rulesurf, Tabsurf wdkYjzifhjyKvkyfxm;aom Cylinder yHkpHudk Grip rsm;jzifh Edit

jyKvkyfí rsufESmjyifrnDrnmjzwfxm;aom opfvHk;yHkjyKvkyfxm;onf/
yH k ( 2)wG i f Cross Section wpf c k u d k Revsurf jzif h v S n f h í Stretch Command
jzifhvdkovdkcsJU,lí "gwfyHkrSefabmifwpfcktjzpfjyKvkyfxm;ygonf/
þae&mü 3DSolid rsm;xufydkí ayghyg;NyD; Flexible jzpfonfudkawGU&rnf/

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yHk(3)wGif Cross Section wpfckudk Revsurf jzifhvSnfhí Stretch Command jzifh Stretch jyKvkyfNyD;
Platform wpf c k u d k j yKvk y f j yxm;ygonf / yH k B uD ; rsm;a&;qG J & mü Mesh object rsm;ud k
vdkovdktoHk;csa&;qGJEdkifrnfqdkyguayghyg;jcif;? jyefvnfjyKjyif&vG,fuljcif;ponfhtusdK;rsm;udk
&½Srd nfjzpfygonf/ 3D Solid object rsm;udo k mtm½Hrk a&mufbJ Mesh Object rsm;udv k nf;uRr;f usif
atmifavhusifha&;qGJoifhygonf/

-------- +++ --------

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Chapter - 4

Viewing 3D Models

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Viewing 3D Models

AutoCAD wGif 3D yHkrsm;a&;qGJjcif;? Munfh½Ijcif;rsm;jyKvkyf&mü toHk;jyKEdkifaom View

Command trsm;tjym;yg0if y gonf / View Command topf r sm;tjyif ta[mif ; rsm;
udkvnf;qufvufxm;½Sdojzifh toHk;jyKolrS ESpfouf&mudka½G;cs,ftoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
od k Y aomf Command topfr sm;onf Command ta[mif; rsm;xufy dkí vG, fu l
aumif;rGefojzifh ta[mif;rsm;tpm; topfrsm;udkavhvmtoHk;jyKoifhygonf/
atmufwGif 3D ESifhywfoufaom View Command rsm;udkaz:jyxm;onf/
(1) Vports (11) 3dpan
(2) - Vports (12) View
(3) DDvpoint (13) -View
(4) Vpoint (14) Dview
(5) Camera (15) 3dswivel
(6) 3dorbit (16) 3ddistance
(7) 3dcorbit (17) 3dclip
(8) 3dforbit (18) walkflysettings
(9) 3dorbitctr (19) 3dwalk
(10) 3dzoom (20) 3dfly
(21) Anipath

shift + press wheel - Temporary 3dorbit

ctrl + shift + press wheel - Temporary 3dforbit
ctrl + press wheel - Temprary 3dswivel

(1)Vports Command

Vports Command onf 3D yHkwpfyHkudk View trsdK;rsdK;jzifhwpfNydKifwnf; Munfh½I

f nf/ txl;ojzifh jyefvnfMunf½h &I efxuf 3D yHrk sm;a&;qGaJ epOftcdu
vdak omtcgwGif toH;k jyKEikd o k f
rdrda&;qGJrIrSefrrSefudk View trsdK;rsdK;jzifhMunfh½Iaejcif;jzifh od½SdEdkif&eftoHk;jyKEdkifonf/
½IyfaxG;aomyHkrsm; a&;qGJ&mü &Hzef&HcgtoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; uRrf;usifolrsm;tzdkYrloHk;avhr½Sday/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef School. dwg udkzGifhyg/

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yHkwGifausmif;0if;wpfck\ 3D yHkudka&;qGJxm;NyD; Top view rSMunfh½Ixm;onf/ xdkyHkudk

View trsdK;rsdK;cGJíMunfh½IMunfhygrnf/

Command: Vports
Viewports Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

Dialog Box wGif New Viewports ESifh Named Viewports Tab (2)ckyg0ifNyD; New
Viewports Tab udkESdyfyg/
Standard Viewports pm&if;rS Four Equal udk Select vkyfNyD; Ok ESdyfyg/
Screen ay:wGif View (4) ckcaJG y;xm;onfujkd rif&rnf/ View wpfcc k si;f udk Pointer Click
csí0ifa&mufEdkifNyD; yHkrsm;a&;qGJEdkifonf/ View wpfckcsif;wGif rwlnDaom View rsm; Oyrm -
Front, Left, Isometric View rsm;Munfh½INyD; rdrda&;qGJrIrSefrrSefppfaq;Edkifonf/ vufawGU Top,
Front, Left, Iso View rsm;xm;yg/ aemifwpfBudrfxdk View rsm;twdkif; jyefvnfMunfhvdkygu
odrf;qnf;xm;Edkifonf/
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Command:Vports
Viewports Dialog Box wGif New Name ütrnfwpfckay;yg/ Oyrm - 4 Views
Ok ESdyfyg/
Viewport rsm;rvdktyfawmhvQif Single View jyefíxm;&ef Viewports Dialog Box
udkjyefízGifhyg/ New Vieports Tab wGif Single udka½G;í Ok ESdyfyg/
rdrdjyKvkyfxm;aom 4Views twdkif;jyefvnfjrifawGUvdkygu Viewports Dialog Box \
Named Viewports Tab wGif 4Views udka½G;cs,fí Ok ESdyfyg/ jyefvnf&½Sdygrnf/ Named
Viewports rsm;udktoHk;rvdkygu View Name udk Select vkyfí Right Click ESdyfNyD; Delect jzifh
y,fzsufEdkifygonf/ Rename command udktoHk;jyKí View Name udktrnfajymif;Edkifygonf/

(2) -Vports Command

-Vports Command onf Vports Command uJo h Ykd Dialog Box udtk oH;k rjyKbJ Com-
mand option rsm;udk a½G;cs,fí toHk;jyKEdkifonf/
Options rsm;wGif Join Option yg0ifNyD; View port (2)ckudk Join vkyfí wpfckjzpfatmif
jyKvkyfay;Edkifonf/

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3) Ddvpoint Command

3D models wpf c k u d k t&yf r suf E S m ES i f h tapmif ; axmif h twd t usMunf h ½ I v d k v Qif

toHk;jyKEdkifonf/
Command: Ddvpoint
Viewpoint Presets Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

From xy plane wGif 90 onf Top View tay:wnfhwnfhrSMunfh½Ijcif;jzpfNyD; 0 xm;vQif

Ortho View (Side View jzpfonf)
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef School. dwg udkzGifhyg/
vuf½SdyHkonf Top View rS Munfh½Ixm;jcif;jzpfojzifh xy plane wGif 90 udkjrif&rnf/ x-
Axis wGif 220 a&;yg/ xy plane wGif 0 a&;oGif;NyD; Ok ESdyfyg/

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220 'D*&D t&yfrsufESmrSMunfh½Ixm;aom Side View yHkudkjrif&rnf/ Command wGif

Perspective [k½dkufyg/ Enter new value for PERSPECTIVE < 0 > : wGif 1 [k½dkufyg/

,cktcg 220 'D*&Dt&yfrS Side View udk Perspective View jzifhjrifawGU&rnf/ Visual
Styles Toolbar rS Realistic (od)Yk Conceptual shade mode rsm;jzifh Shade vkyMf unfy
h g/ þfenf;onf
t&yfrsufESmwpfckrS 3D model udk tvG,fqHk; Perspective View jzifhMunfh½Iaomenf;jzpfonf/
Munfh½Iol (odYk) Camera onfa&jyifnDtwdkif; Munfh½Ijcif;jzpfonf/ Viewpoint presets Dialog
Box \ x-y plane wGif tapmif;axmifhtrsdK;rsdK;jzifhvnf; Bird 's eye View rsm;Munfh½IEdkifonf/

(4) Vpoint Command

Vpoint Command onf DDVpoint uJo h Ykd Viewpoint presets Dialog Box rygbJ Iso
View, Ortho View rsm;udk Command prompt wGifa&;oGif;íMunfh½IEdkifonf/
pmrsufESm(16)wGif Munfh½Iyg/ t&yfrsufESmESifh tapmif;axmifhtrsdK;rsdK;jzifhMunfhvdku
DDvpoint udo
k mtoH;k jyKyg/

(5) Camera Command

3D Model wpfcu k kd Perspective View jzifMh unf½h &I eftwGuf Camera Command onf
toifhawmfqHk; Command jzpfonf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef School V1. dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGifausmif;0if;yHkudk Top View rSMunfh½Ixm;onf/ yHkwpfyHkudk Perspective View jzifh
rMunfhrSDü owdxm;&rnfhtcsuf wpfck½Sdygonf/ ,if;rSmrdrda&;qGJxm;aomyHkonf WCS plane
ay:wGif ½Sdae&efyifjzpfonf/ yHkwGif Ground plane udka&;qGJxm;ygu xdk Ground plane onf

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WCS plane ay:wGif½Sdae&ygrnf/ WCS plane ay:wGifr½SdbJ plane \ tay:odkYatmuf

wdüYk ½Sad eygu ajrjyifrt
S jrifu
h w G cf su&f müvnf;aumif;? Landscape rsm;a&;qG&J mü vnf;aumif;?
kd u
Block rsm; Insert jyKvkyf&müvnf;aumif; rSm;,Gif;rIrsm;jzpfay:ygvdrfhrnf/
xdkYtjyif Perspective View MunfhonfhtcgwGifvnf; rdrdvdkaomjrifuGif;udk&½Sdrnf
r[kwfyg/ ,ckyHkwGif Ground plane onf jyifnDr[kwfaomfvnf; WCS plane wGif½Sdapcsifaom
ajrrsufESmjyifae&mudk owfrSwfNyD;jzpfygonf/

Munf h ½ I e nf ; (1)

þenf ; onf rd r d M unf h ½ I v d k a om ae&mES i f h Camera ½S d r nf h a e&mwd k Y u d k twd t us

r[kwfbJpdwful;½SdovdkMunfh½I&efjzpfonf/

Command: camera
Current camera settings: Height=0" Lens Length=50 mm
Specify camera location: A ae&mwGif cefYrSef; Pick vkyfyg/
Specify target location: B ae&mwGif Pick vkyy f g/
Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/View/eXit]<eXit>: h

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Camera height owfrSwf&efjzpfonf/ vlwpfa,muf\ t&yftjrifh 5? 6/ a&;oGif;yg/

Specify camera height <0">: 5'6
Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/View/eXit]<eXit>: le
Specify lens length in mm <50>:
Lens Length wefzdk;onf 50 jzpfygu Tele zoom udkroHk;bJyHkrSefMunfh½Ijcif;jzpfonf/
Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/View/eXit]<eXit>:

Camera yHkudk&½Sdrnf/ Camera onf Entity Type Camera jzpfNyD; New object Type
wpfckjzpfygonf/
Camera Object udk Camera Command jzifv h nf;aumif; Perspective View wpfcu k kd
View Command jzifh Names View wpfcktjzpf odrf;qnf;vsifvnf;aumif;&½SdEdkifygonf/
Camera udk Select vkyfvdkufyg/ Camera wGif Grip rsm;tjzpf Camera Location, Tar-
get loaction, Camera & Target Location, Target distance, Lens Length / Fov ponfwy Ykd g0if
Ny;D Grip rsm;rSuikd w
f ,
G í k vdk Edit vkyEf ikd o
f vdo f nf/ Camera udk Pointer jzifh Select vkyx
f m;vQif
Camera Preview window udkvnf;jrifawGU&NyD; Camera jrifuGif;udkaz:jyay;aernf/
Right click ESdyfygu Pop-up menu wGif View Camera Preview (on / off) ESifh Set
Camera View wdkYudkawGU&rnf/ Set Camera View udk Select vkyfygu Screen wGif Camera

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View twdkif;awGUjrif&rnf/

yHw
k pfyuHk kd Perspective View ESiMhf unf½h yI gu Background rsm;udk 3D perspective pro-
jection Color rsm;jzifhaz:jyay;ygonf/
Color rsm;udk Default twdi k ;f oH;k Edik Nf y;D rdrpd w
d Bf uKd ujf yKvyk t kd Qif Options Com-
f oH;k jyKvv
mand jzifh Options Dialog Box udz k iG Nhf y;D Display Tab - Colors Button udEk ydS í f jyKjyifEikd yf gonf/
Color rsm;\t"dutoHk;0ifrIrSm Perspective View üaumif;uifESifh ajrjyif Color
cGJjcm;ay;jcif;jzifh rdk;ukwfpuf0dkif; (Horizon) udkjrifawGUod½SdaeEdkifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ ta&mifrsm;rSmrl
t"durusyg/ Render jyKvkyf&mü rdrdESpfoufaom Background (odkY) Color rsm;udk Set

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vkyftoHk;jyKygonf/
yHkudk 2D Wireframe Model odkYajymif;vQif Perspective View jzifhjyray;yg/
3D Wireframe, 3D Hidden, Realistic, Conceptual wdkYjzifhom Perspective View
twdkif;MunfhEdkifygonf/
yHkudk Top View, 2D wire frame wdkYjzifhjyefí Munfh½Ivdkufyg/ Camera udk Pointer jzifh
Double Click ESdyfvQif Camera Properties rsm;udkawG Ujrif&rnf/

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Camera acgif;pOfatmufwGif Camera ESifh Target wdkY\ Coordinate wefzdk;rsm;

udkawGU&rnf/ Grip rsm;rS udkifíra½GU,lbJ wefzdk;rsm;a&;oGif;ívnf;ae&majymif;ay;Edkifonf/
txl;ojzifh Z wefzdk; Camera ESifh Target wdkY\tedrfhtjrifhudkajymif;jcif;udkjyKvkyfEdkifNyD; x,y
wefzdk;rsm;udkrl Grip rsm;jzifhajymif;jcif;uomydkí vG,fulygvdrfhrnf/
Lens Length 50 mm onf Tele zoom ryg0ifonf omrefrsufaphjzifhMunfh½Ionfh
taetxm;jzpfonf/ 50 mm xufi,fvQif (Oyrm - 35mm ) Perspective wefz;kd ydí k rsm;vmrnf/
wenf;tm;jzifh Field of View ( FOV) ydkí us,fvmjcif;jzpfonf/ 50mm xufBuD;ygu Per-
spective wefzdk;avsmhusoGm;rnf/ FOV usOf;íoGm;rnf/
vufawGU Lens Length wGif 15 [k½dkufMunfhyg/ FOV us,fíoGm;NyD; yHkrSmvnf;
a0;íoGm;rnf/

Camera \ Camera Location Grip wGif Point Click csí B trSwf½Sd&modkY Camera
udek ;D uyfpmG a½TU,lMunfyh g/ Ny;D vQif Click csyg/ Right Click ESyd í
f Set Camera View jzifMh unf½h yI gu
yHkrSm Distortion (yHkysufjcif;) jzpfaernfudkawGU&ygrnf/ xdkYaMumifh Camera Distance ESifh Lens
Length wdkYudkoifhawmfatmif owfrSwfay;&efvdktyfygonf/

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Munf h ½ I e nf ; (2)

þMunf h ½ I e nf ; rS m Munf h v d k a omae&mES i f h Camera \ae&mud k t wd t usOD ; pG m

owfrSwfNyD;Munfh½Ienf;jzpfonf/
School V2. dwg udkzGifhyg/

yHkwGif A - B twdkif;rsOf;wpfaMumif;udka&;qGJxm;onf/ rsOf;onfajrjyifrS 5' 6" tjrifhwGif

½SdíxdkrsOf;twdkif; Camera udkjyKvkyfay;jcif;jzifh wdusaomjrifuGif;udk&½SdapEdkifonf/ xdkYaMumifh
Target, Camera wdu Yk kd Distance ESihf Position rsm;twdtus&½Sv kd QiOf ;D pGm Construction Line
d v
udkrdrdMunfhvdkonfh yHkpHtwdkif;a&;qGJay;xm;jcif;jzifhvG,fulpGmMunfh½IEdkifygonf/
Command: camera
Current camera settings: Height=0" Lens Length=50 mm
Specify camera location: Endpoint awmif;í A tpGe;f zuf rsO;f \ Endpoint udjk yyg/
Specify target location: Endpoint jzifh B tpGe;f wGijf yyg/
Enter an option [?/Name/LOcation/Height/Target/LEns/Clipping/View/eXit]<eXit>:
Height onf owfrSwfNyD;jzpfonf/

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þenf;jzifh trSwf A rSvlwpfa,mufonf trSwf B odkYMunfh½IaeouJhodkY wdusaom

Perspective View rsm;udkzefwD;Edkifonf/

Cameradisplay

Camera object udr k jrifawGUvdyk gu Cameradisplay [k Command wGiaf &;oGi;f í 0 odYk

Set vkyfjcif;jzifh uG,fazsmufxm;Edkifonf/ odkYr[kwf View menu - Display - Cameras wGif
Click vkyfEdkifonf/

Cameraheight & Lenslength Variables

Camera Command udktoHk;rjyKrSD Camera height ESifh Lens Length Variable rsm;udk
rdrdvdkovdk BudKwifí Set vkyfNyD; xm;Edkifonf/

(6) 3dorbit Command

3D model wpfckudka&;qGJ&mü View Command rS Isometic View rsm;tjyif
a&;qGJ&vG,fulatmif 3Dorbit Commnd jzifh yHkudkvSnfhywfMunfh½Ia&;qGJEdkifonf/
Shift + mouse wheel udkzdí 3d orbit Command udk Transparently toHk;jyKEdkifojzifh
vufawGUwGif 3d orbit Command udk Shift + Mouse wheel jzifhomtoHk;jyKMuygvdrfhrnf/

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(7) 3dcorbit Command

3dcorbit udk 3D Navigation Toolbar rSvnf;aumif; Command Line wGifa&;oGif;í

vnf;aumif; toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ yHka&;qGJjcif;ESifhtxl;roufqdkifbJ Presentation jyKvkyfjyjcif;wGif
toH;k jyKeikd of nf/ Screem ay:wGif pointer udk zdívd&k m direction twdik ;f drag vkyí f Left click
ud k j yef v T w f v d k u f y g/ vnf y wf r I taES ; tjref o nf Drag vk y f p Of v uf a ½T U vsm;ay;aom
t½SdefESifhoufqdkifonf/

(8) 3dforbit Command

3dforbit onf Horizontal, Vertical twdi

k ;f 3D model udv
k n
S , f jzifh Perspective
hf El ikd o
jzifh yHkudkrdrdpdwfwdkif;us Munfh½I&mü toHk;0ifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef School.dwg udkzGifhyg/ View Toolbar rS Front udkESdyfí Front
View jzifhMunfhyg/ Command wGif Perspective [k½dkufí (1) odkY Set vkyfNyD; Perspective View
jzifhMunfhyg/ vuf½SdyHkudk Free obit jzifh Horizontal twdkif;rdrdvdkovdkvSnfhí Munfh½Iygrnf/
3D Navigation Toolbar rS Free Orbit udkESdyfyg/ odkYr[kwf Command wGif 3dforbit
[k½dkufyg/

Screen ay:wGif puf0dkif;yHk ay:vmrnf/ puf0dkif;yHk\ Quadrant rsm;wGif puf0dkif;

i,frsm;yg0ifNy;D xdpk uf0ikd ;f i,frsm;twGi;f Cursor udak ½TUMunfv
h Qif point udk Ellipse yHak wGUjrif&rnf/
b,fnmpuf0dkif;rsm;onf Horizontal twdkif;vSnfh,l&efjzpfNyD; txufatmufpuf0dkif;rsm;onf

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Vertical twdi
k ;f a½TU,l&efjzpfonf/ nmzufpuf0ikd ;f i,ftwGi;f pointer udx k m;í Left click zdxm;Ny;D
Screen b,fzufoYkd wGe;f íyHu k kd Horizontal twdik ;f vSnMhf unfyh g/ rdrpd w
d Bf uKd uf taetxm;&vQif
Left click udkvTwfvdkufyg/ þenf;jzifh Horizontal, Vertical rsm;twdkif;yHkudkvdkovdk View
csdefEdkifygonf/

(9) 3dorbitctr Command

3D yH k r sm;ud k 3 Dorbit jzif h Munf h ½ I U &mü owf r S w f A [d k c suf w pf c k u d k A[d k j yKí

vnf h y wf M unf h ½ I U Ek d i f & ef toH k ; jyKEk d i f o nf / Command wG i f 3 Dorbitctr [k ½d k u f y g/
rdrAd [dt
k jzpfowfrw S v f adk om trSww f pfae&mudk jyyg/ Osnap jzifh jyEdik o
f nf/ trSwaf zmfjyNy;D ygu
wpfqufwnf; vnfhywfMunfh½IEdkifonf/

(10) 3dzoom Command

Perspective View jzifh 3D model udMk unf½ h aI ecsed w f iG f Mouse wheel udk Scroll vkyí
f
zoom jyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ xdkYaMumifh 3D zoom odkYr[kwf Zoom Command udkrac:bJ Zoom,
pan rsm;ud k j yKvk y f E d k i f o jzif h View ud k r d r d v d k o vd k c sd e f q Ed k i f y gonf / 3D Zoom Command
udktoHk;jyKvQifrl Right click ESdyfí Other Navigation modes rsm;udkajymif;Edkifonf/

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(11) 3dpan Command

3dzoom uJhodkYyif wheel udk press vkyfíqGJNyD; yHkudk View ajymif;Edkifonf/ pan
jyKvkyfaomtcg txufatmufa½TUygu Camera \tedrfhtjrifh wnfae&majymif;oGm;onfudk
owdjyKyg/ Camera udkae&mra½TUvdkygu 3dswivel command udktoHk;jyK&ygrnf/

>> 3D Navigation Tools

txufaz:jyyg 3dorbit rS 3dpan Command txd Tools rsm;udktoHk;jyKvQif rnfonfh

Tools wGifrqdk Right click ESdyfí pop-up menu \ other Navigation modes rS tjcm; Tools
rsm;udkwpfqufwnf;ajymif;vJoHk;Edkifygonf/ odkYr[kwf 1 rS 9 txdeHygwfrsm;½dkufoGif;ívnf;
ajymif;Edkifygonf/ trSwfpOfrsm;udkoHk;aerusí rrSwfrdygu Right click udkomtoHk;jyKyg/

(12) View Command

3D Model wpfcu d Bf uKd uf Perspective View wpfcu

k kd rdrpd w k Mkd unf½h NI y;D vQif View Com-
mand jzifh View udk Save vkyfodrf;qnf;&ygrnf/ odkYrSomaemufwpffBudrfjyefvnfMunfh½Ivdkygu
tvG,fwulac:,lMunhf½IEdkifygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

View Command jzif h View ud k Save vk y f o d r f ; qnf ; ygu Camera wpf c k u d k

tvdktavsmufjyKvkyfay;ygrnf/ tu,fí Camera \ Properties rsm;jyKjyifvQif jyKjyifrIrsm;udk
Saved View wG i f a jymif ; vJ & ½S d a eygrnf / od k Y & mwG i f Zoom, pan rsm;jyKvk y f j cif ; ud k r l o d r f ;
ay;rnfr[kwfyg/ vuf½Sd View udk Zoom, pan rsm;jyKvkyfípdwfBudKuf View wpfckxyfrH&½SdvQif
View Command jzifhaemufxyfwpfzefodrf;qnf;jcif;jzihf New Camera wpfckudkjyKvkyfEdkifonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Saved view.dwg udkzGifhyg/ yHkwGif Camera (2)ckudkawGU&rnfjzpfNyD;
xdk Camera rsm;rSm Camera Command jzifhjyKvkyfxm;jcif;r[kwfbJ pdwfBudKuf View rsm;
udkMunfh½Ií View Command jzifhodrf;qnf;jcif;jzifh Camera rsm;udk&½Sdapjcif;jzpfonf/ pifppf
Camera Command xuf ,ckuJhodkYpdwfBudKuf View rsm;Munhf½Iodrf;qnf;jcif;onf Camera \
Lens Length (F.O.V) wefz;kd rsm;udp k w
d Bf uKd ucf sed Nf y;D om;&½SEd ikd o
f jzifh ydí
k vG,af omenf;jzpfygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

vufawGUjyKvyk Mf unf&h efyu kH kd Right View ajymif;íMunfyh g/ Free obit udo k ;kH í Horizon-
tal twd k i f ; vS n f h , l j cif ; ? vd k t yf v Qif Zoom, pan rsm;toH k ; jyKjcif ; jzif h p d w f B ud K uf ½I a xmif h
wpfckudkMunfh½Iyg/ NyD;vQif Command wGif View ½dkufyg/
View Manager Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
Model Views acgif ; pOf a tmuf w G i f v uf ½ S d Camera (2)ck u d k Cam1, Per
trnfrsm;jzifhodrf;qnf;xm;onfudkawGU&rnf/ New Button udkESdyfyg/ New View Dialog Box
\ View name wGif Cam2 [k½u kd yf g/ Ok ESyd yf g/ Apply ESihf View Dialog Box udyk w d yf g/ vuf½dS
View udk Save vkyfNyD;jzpfonf/
Top View rSjyefíMunhNf y;D 2D wire frame model udE k kd Zoom jzifch sKH UíMunfv
k ydS yf g/ yHu h Qif
rdrdjyKvkyfxm;aom Camera topfudkawGU&rnf/ Camera udk Select jyKvkyfí Properties
rsm;udkjyKjyifEdkifonf/ Saved View onfxdkjyifqifrI twdkif;&½Sdaernf/
View save vkyfodrf;pOf Realistic, Conceptual shade mode rsm;jzifh odrf;vQif View
jyefMunfhygu Shade model rsm;twdkif;&½Sdygrnf/
View wGif Current ESifh Camera View rsm;twGuf Lens length rsm;udk rdrdvdkovdkjyKjyifxm;
Edkifonf/ NyD;vsif Set Current udkESdyfyg/ yHkrSefrSm50mm jzpfonf/
View wGif Background owfrSwfEdkifNyD; Rendering ESifhoufqdkifojzifh raz:jyawmhyg/
Clipping taMumif;udk 3D clip wGiMf unfy h g/

(13) -View Command

- View Command onf View Command udu k kd Dialog Box rygbJ toH;k jyKEikd &f efjzpfonf/
Macro rsm;a&;&mwGiftoHk;0ifaom Command jzpfonf/

(14) Dview Command

Dview Command onf Camera Command r½Sp d OfutoH;k jyKaom Perspective View
Munfh½Ionfh Command jzpfonf/ Camera ESifh 3D Navigation Tools rsm;yg0ifvm onfhtcgü
toHk;jyK&efrvdkawmh[kajymEdkifygonf/ Dview Command wGif Point option onf Camera
Command toHk;jyKyHkESifhtvm;wlonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef School V2.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGif A - B rsOf;udk Camera ESifh Target wdkYtwGufae&mcsa&;qGJNyD;jzpfonf/ Dview
Command jzifhxdktwdkif;Munfh½IMunfhygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: dview
Select objects or <use DVIEWBLOCK>: All
Enter option
[CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]: po
po onf Target ESifh Camera (2)ae&mudkaz:jy&efjzpfonf/
Specify target point <273'-3.8032", 380'-2.4764", -39'-6.2501">: End point awmif;í
Target tjzpf B trSwfwGifjyyg/
Specify camera point <273'-3.8032", 380'-2.4764", 1222'-9.1704">: Endpoint awmif;í
Camera tjzpf A trSwfwGifjyyg/
Enter option
[CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]: d
d ½dkufjcif;jzifh Perspective View udkMunfh½Ionf/Target, Camera rsm;owfrSwfNyD;jzpfí Dis-
tance jyifp&mrvdkygojzifh Enter acgufyg/
Specify new camera-target distance <173'-7.9955">:
Enter option
[CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]: z
Zoom ½dkufí Lens Length udkMunfh½IMunfhyg/ yHkrSefMunhfvdku 50 ½dkuf&ygrnf/
Specify lens length <50.000mm>:
Enter option
[CAmera/TArget/Distance/POints/PAn/Zoom/TWist/CLip/Hide/Off/Undo]:

Camera A rS B Target odYk rsuaf phjzifMh unf½

h aI omjrifuiG ;f ud&k rnf/ xdjk rifuiG ;f udo
k rd ;f qnf;
rSom Camera jzpfay:vmrnfudkowdjyKyg/
Dview Command \tjcm; Option rsm;udktao;pdwfraz:jyawmhyg/ Divew tpm;
Camera ESifh Navigtion Tools rsm;udktoHk; jyKoifhygonf/

(15) (16) 3D Swivel & 3D distance Commands

3D swivel ESifh 3D distance Command rsm;onf Camera udk Adjust vkyfaom Com-
mand rsm;jzpfonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyfMunfh&ef Saved View.dwg udkzGifhyg/
View Command ½dkufí per udk Select vkyfNyD; Set Current jzifh Perspective View udkMunfhyg/
3D Navigation Toolbar rS 3dpan Tool udkESdyfí yHkudktxufatmuf pan vkyfMunfhyg/ View

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 Applied AutoCAD

tedrfhtjrifhjrifuGif;ajymif;íoGm;aeonfudkawGU&rnf/ Undo jyefvkyfyg/

Command wG i f 3D swivel ½d k u f í od k Y r [k w f Toolbar rS Swivel ud k E S d y f y g/
yHkudktxufatmufa½TUMunfhyg/ View rSm Direction tedrfhtjrifh rajymif;bJ yHkwpfckvHk;
txufatmufa½TUvsm;aeonfudkawGU&rnf/ Camera \wnfae&mra½TUbJ Camera udkarmhí
(odkYr[kwf) ESdrfhíMunfh½Ijcif; jzpfonf/ Swivel Tool udkajrjyifESifhaumif;uif wdkY\ae&m
tus,ft0ef;udkcsdefvdkonfhtcg toHk;0ifonf/ Landscape rsm;udkydkíaz:jyvdkjcif; odkYr[kwf
raz:jyvdkjcif;wdkYü toHk;jyKoifhonf/
Swivel jyKvkyfNyD;vQif View Command jzifh new Camera wpfcktjzpf xdkjrifuGif;
ud k o d r f ; qnf ; í Camera topf j yKvk y f & ygrnf / rod r f ; ygu View jyef a c:vQif r l v
twdik ;f omjyefíjrif&rnfuo kd wdjyKyg/ Camera Object udak ½TU,ljcif; Properties rsm;udk jyifqifjcif;
udkom Saved View rSodrf;ay;ygrnf/
3Ddistance rSm Camera udk Target ½Sd&modkY wdk;,ljcif;odkYr[kwf a0;&modkYcGJjcif;jzifh
yHkudkteD;ta0;jzpfay:aponf/ pifppf 3D Zoom Command onfvnf;vuf½Sd Camera \
Distance udkajymif;vJay;ojzifh obm0jcif;wlnDygonf/ vufawGU Zoom jzifhvnf;aumif; 3D
distance jzifhvnf;aumif; csHKUMunhfí View rsm;odrf;Munhfyg/ Camera udkra½TUbJ Lens Length
( F.O.V ) udak jymif;í teD;ta0;Munhjf cif; rSmrl Perspective wefz;kd udw k ;kd ap avsmah pEdik af vonf/

(17) 3dclip Command

3D model wpf c k u d k M unf h ½ I a eaomjrif u G i f ; a½S U wG i f Plane wpf c k j zif h j zwf x k w f x m;

onfhtvm; Clip vkyfíMunfh½IEdkifonf/ Cilpping plane udkvdkovdkcsdefEdkifNyD; Front clip, Back
clip [lí Plane (2)cktoHk;jyKEdkifonf/ txl;ojzifh Front Clip udkrdrdMunhf½IvdkaomjrifuGif;udk
a½SUwGif uG,faeaom 0w¬Kypönf;rsm; (Oyrm- tcef;e&Hwpfck) udkz,fxkwfMunhf½I&mwGif
toHk;0ifonf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef 3D clip. dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkonf Auto CAD Sample Drawing wpfckjzpfNyD; yHkwGiftcef;wpfckudk tcef;eH&Htjyif
wpfae&mrS Camera csdefxm;ygonf/ yxrOD;pGm Camera View udkMunfh&ef View Command
udk½dkufyg/ View manager wGif Cam1 udk Set Current xm;í Apply ESdyfNyD; Ok ESifhxGufyg/
Camera View wGif tcef;eH&HuG,faeojzifh twGif;zufudk tjynfht0rjrif&yg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Before Clip

After Clip
(208)
 Applied AutoCAD

Command: 3dclip
Adjust clipping plane window ay:vmrnf/
Tools rsm;rS Front clipping On/Off Button ud k E S d y f y g/ yH k w G i f Horizontal
twdkif;rsOf;(2)aMumif;yg0ifonf/ c&rf;a&mifrsOf;onf Back clipping plane jzpfí teufa&mif
rsO;f onf Front clipping plane jzpfonf/ Front clipping plane udk pointer jzifx h í d Left click
zdNyD;a½TU,lyg/ tcef;eH&H uG,faysmufoGm;onftxdpdwfBudKuftaetxm;a½TU,lyg/
NyD;vQif Adjust clipping plane window udkjyefydwfyg/ ,cktcg tcef;eH&Hz,fxkwfí
tcef;wGif;udk tjynfht0jrifae&ygrnf/ View Command jzifh View manager udkzGifhNyD; View
udkE Sdy fí trnf wpf ck ay;NyD ;od rf ;yg ( Oyrm- Clip View ) xd k View udkac:vQif Clip
vkyfxm;aomyHkudkjyefvnf&½Sdygrnf/
View manager wGiv f nf; clipping yg0ifNy;D clipping udk on / off jyKvyk Ef ikd o
f nf/ on / 0ff
ajymif;NyD; Set curent udkESdyfNyD; Apply udkESdyfrS ajymif;vJrIudkjrifawGU&½Sdygrnf/

(18)(19)(20) Walkflysettings, 3dwalk & 3dfly Commands

AutoCAD wGif Animation yg0ifvmNyD; Out put tjzpf .Avi, .Mpg, .wmv Files
rsm;tjzpfodrf;qnf;Edkifonf/ txl;ojzifh Render jyKvkyf&eftwGuf t"dutoHk;jyKNyD; Shade
model rsm;jzifhvnf;yHkMurf;tjzpfodrf;qnf;Edkifygonf/ Rendering jyKvkyf&eftwGuf Object
rsm;udk Materials rsm;csdwfqGJjcif; vdktyfaom Lighting rsm;ay;jcif; wdkYudkjyKvkyf&efvdktyfygonf/
Shade mode jzifhodrf;qnf;rnfqdkvQifvnf; Materials rsm;csdwf&efvdktyfygonf/ Ren-
der jyKvk y f & ef t wG u f r l toH k ; jyKonf h p uf o nf Requirement rsm;ES i f h t nD t &nf t aoG ;
aumif;rGeaf ompufjzpf&efvt kd yfygvdrrhf nf/ AutoCAD wGif Animation udx
k nfo h iG ;f vmjcif;twGuf
,cifuuJhodkY Plant (Landscape object) rsm;ryg0ifawmhonfh qHk;½HI;rIawGU½Sd&ygonf/ Render-
ing rSmus,fjyefYaomenf;ynmwpfckjzpfojzifh oD;oefYpm wpftkyftjzpfa&;om;az:jy&efvdktyfNyD;
þpmtkyfwGifrl Animation jyKvkyfyHkudkomaz:jyay;xm;ygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Walkfly. dwg udkzGifhyg/ yxrOD;pGm Animation rjyKvkyfrDS object
tm;vHk;udk Malerials rsm;csdwf&efvdktyfygonf/ Malerials rsm;rcsdwfbJ Shade mode jzifh Ani-
mation jyKvkyfvQif Mesh object rsm;udkaumif;rGefpGm Shade rvkyfay;EdkifaomaMumifhjzpfonf/
,ckyHkwGif erlemtjzpfacgifrdk;rSvGJíusef Object tm;vHk;udk By Layer jzifh Material
rsm;csdwfNyD;jzpfonf/ acgifrdk; Layer 1 udk Material vufawGUcsdwfMunfhygrnf/ OD;pGm Material
topfwpfckjyKvkyf&rnf/

(209)
 Applied AutoCAD

Command: Rmat

(210)
 Applied AutoCAD

Material Palette yGifhívmrnf/ vuf½Sdcsdwfxm;aom Material rsm;udkjrifae&rnf/ Material

topfwpfcx k yfrjH yKvyk &f ef Create New Material Icon udEk ydS yf g/ Create New Material Dialog
Box yGifhvmrnf/

Roof [ktrnfay;NyD; Ok ESdyfyg/ Material Editor wGif Roof udkjrif&rnf/ Color

tuGufudkESdyfí eDndKa&miftrdk; color a½G;cs,fvdkufyg/ Material rsm;jyKvkyfyHkrSm trsdK;rsdK;½SdNyD;
,ckerlemtjzpfta&mifjzifhomjyKvkyfMunfhjcif;jzpfonf/

(211)
 Applied AutoCAD

Materials palette udjk yefyw

d yf g/
Command: Materialattach
Material Attachment Options Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

Materials rsm;udk Layer tvdkufcsdwfqGJ&efjzpfonf/ Materials wpfckudk By Layer

jzifch sw
d q f jJG cif;jzifh xdk Layer wGiaf &;qGaJ om Object tm;vH;k onf materials csw
d qf NJG y;D jzpfaeygrnf/
Materials name rS Roof udk left click zdíqGJ,lNyD; Layer 1 ay:wGif drop vkyfvdkufygu Roof
Material csdwfqGJNyD;jzpfoGm;rnf/ Ok ESdyfíydwfyg/ ,cktcg Object tm;vHk;onf Material
rsm;csdwfNyD;jzpfojzifh Animation jyKvkyfyHkudkavhvmygrnf/
Animation jyKvy k &f mü 3dwalk, 3dfly onf Key board ESihf mouse udtk oH;k jyKí jyKvyk o f rl S
rdrpd wd Bf uKd uf vufwef;a½GU,lMunh½f jI cif;jzpfNy;D BuKd wifí Path vrf;aMumif;wpfcak &;qGNJ y;D Anipath
jzifv h nf; Animation jyKvyk Ef ikd o f nf/

(212)
 Applied AutoCAD

3dwalk, 3dly wdjYk yKvy

k &f ef Camera wpfcjk yKvyk x k iG f walkfly trnfjzifh
f m;&efvykd gonf/ yHw
Camera wpfcu f m;onf/ Animation jyKvyk &f eftwGuf Camera jyKvyk af omtcg Target
k jkd yKvyk x
onf Camera ESifheD;uyfpGm½Sdae&efvdktyfygonf/ Target onf Camera ESifha0;pGm½SdaevQif
Animation vkyf&mü object rsm;udkjzwfoef;oGm;&müjrifuGif;wpfavQmuf½Sd object rsm; Clip
jzpfukefygrnf/ xdktcsufudk *½kjyK&efvdktyfonf/
k iG f Camera udk Select vkyMf unfv
yHw h Qif Target onf Camera a½SUwGief ;D uyfpmG ½daS eonfukd
awGU&rnf/ Target wpfckckudkcsdefxm;jcif;r[kwfbJ Free Camera tjzpftoHk;jyKonfhoabm
jzpfygonf/ ( Animation software wpfckjzpfaom 3DS Max wGif Free Camera ESifh Target
Camera [lí oD;oefYyg½Sdonf/)
Command wGif Dashboard [k½dkufí Dashboard udkzGifhyg/ Dashboard Palette bar
ay:wGif Right click ESdyfí pop-up menu rS Control pannals wGif 3D Navigate udk Select
vkyfyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Dashboard udk Docking jyKvkyfNyD;vQif Bar ay:wGif½Sd Arrow Mark udkESdyfí Hide
vkyfxm;aom option rsm;udkzGifhygu Animation Recording Button rsm;udkjrifawGU&rnf/ View
wGif Walkfly View udka½G;í Select vkyfygu Camera View udkjrifawGU&rnf/

(214)
 Applied AutoCAD

yxrOD;pGm Animation rjyKvyk rf DS Animation Settings rsm;udv k o kd vdk Set vky&f ef Dash-
board menu rS Walk & Fly Settings Button udE k ydS yf g/ odrYk [kwf Command wGif Walkflysettings
[k½u kd yf gu Walk & Fly Settings Dialog Box yGiv hf mrnf/
Display Instruction window wG i f p wif t oH k ; jyKol r sm;tzd k Y Keyboard
udktoHk;jyKEdkif&eftwGuf Instruction window udkjyoay;&efawmif;xm;yg/ odNyD;vQif Never
ud k a jymif ; xm;Ed k i f o nf / Animation jyKvk y f & mü Camera \a½T U vsm;rI t aES ; tjref
wpfenf;tm;jzifhyHk&dyfrsm;udk zrf;,l&mü tpdyftBuJudk Current drawing Settings wGif ay;&rnf/
Step size wGif 24 ay;vdkufyg/ 2 ayjcm;wpfBudrfyHk&dyfudk&,l&efjzpfonf/ Steps per second wGif
wpfpuúew Yf iG yf g0ifonfh Steps wwfz;kd udok wfrw S af y;&rnf/ 12 ay;vdu k yf g/ yH\
k tBu;D tao;ESirhf rd d
Animation jyKvkyfrnfh teD;ta0;wdkYtay:rlwnfNyD; oifhawmfovdkjyifqifowfrSwfEdkifonf/ Ok
ESdyfyg/
Dashboard rS Walk udkESdyfyg/ odkYr[kwf Command wGif 3dwalk [k½dkufyg/ Walk and
Fly Navigation Mappings Instruation Window yGiv hf mrnf/
Walk, Fly vkyf&mütoHk;jyK&rnfh Key rsm;udkaz:jyxm;onf/ Up, Down, Left, Right
cvkwrf sm;onfrw S &f ef txl;rvdo
k jzifh toH;k jyK&vG,u f yl gonf/ Walk ESihf Fly rSmrsm;pGmruGmjcm;yg/

(215)
 Applied AutoCAD

Mouse udak ½GUay;jcif;jzifv

h &kd m Direction udak jymif;ay;Edik o
f nf/ Instruction Dialog Box udyk w
d yf g/
Position Locator ay:vmygOD;rnf/ Position udkvdktyfvQifajymif;Edkif&efjzpfonf/

Position Locator window udkvnf;ydwfvdkufyg/ ,cktcg Pointer udktpdrf;a&mif

taygif;vu©Pm jzifhjrifae&rnf/ Animation udkpwifjyKvkyfEdkifygonf/ Record wpfcgwnf;
jyKvkyfrnfqdkygu Dashboard wGif Start Recording Animation udkESdyfyg/ Up Arrow udkESdyfí
Keep Your Campus Clean qdkif;bkwfa&mufonftxd Walk vkyfvdkufyg/ b,fvufjzifh Key-
board udkESdyfínmvufjzifh mouse udkudkifxm;NyD;vQiftqHk;a&mufonfhtcg Pause Recording
animation cvkwu f Ekd ydS yf g/ Ny;D vQif Save Animation udEk ydS yf gu Save As Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
(216)
Applied AutoCAD

(217)
 Applied AutoCAD

Save As Dialog Box wGif Animation Settings Button udEk ydS yf g/ format wGirf rd o d rd ;f vdak om
Format udak ½G;cs,E f nf/ AVI udak ½G;Munfyh g/ Visual Style wGirf rd o
f ikd o d rd ;f vdak om Style udak ½G;yg/
Save vk y f o nf h t cgjref v d k v Qif Realistic (od k Y ) Conceptual jzif h o d r f ; Ed k i f o nf / Render
jyKvkyfrnfqdkygu Lighting rsm;ygay;xm;&efvdkygonf/ Resolution wGifrdrdvdkcsifaomyHk\ Pix-
els size udkaz:jyay;&rnf/ yHkBuD;vQif tcsdefydkí,l&ygrnf/ 800 x 600 udka½G;yg/ Realistic
wGifxm;NyD;jyKvkyfMunfhyg/ jyKvkyfNyD;yHkudkvnf; Walk.Avi tjzpf CD wGifxnfhoGif;ay;xm;onf/

(21) Anipath Command

3dwalk, 3dfly rsm;rSm Keyboard ESihf Mouse udc f toH;k jyK&í Animation jyKvyk &f mü
k sed q
Straight odkYr[kwf tcsdK;tauGUtvGefrrsm; onfhvrf;aMumif;twGufaumif;rGefygonf/ Camera
udk 180 'D*&DwywfvnfvSnfhMunfhjcif;rsdK;jyKvkyf&eftwGufrl Anipath Command onfydkí
toHk;0ifygonf/
vufawGUMunfh½I&ef Anipath. dwg udkzGifhyg/
Auto CAD 2008 \ Sample Drawing wpfcjk zpfonf/ yHw
k iG f Path vrf;aMumif;rsm;tjzpf
spline wpfckESifh Circle ESpfckudka&;qGJxm;ygonf/

(218)
 Applied AutoCAD

Command: Anipath
Motion Path Animation Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
Animation Setting wGif Duration onf Animation \Mumjrifhrnhftcsdefjzpfonf/
wefzdk;rsm;vQif Frame vnf;ydkrsm;rnf/ Duration wGif 10 jyifa&;yg/ Frame ta&twGuf
tvdt k avsmuf wd;k jrifo h mG ;rnf/ Duration udjk yifjcif;onf Frame ta&twGuu f jkd yifouJo h Ykd Frame
Rate (Frame per sec) udjk yifay;jcif;jzifv h nf; Frame ta&twGuu f kd twd;k tavsmv h yk Ef ikd o
f nf/
Frame Rate rSm 1 - 60 txday;EdkifNyD; 30 rSm default jzpfonf/
Visual style, Format, Resolution wdv S yf g/ erlemtjzpf Conceptual, Mpg,
Yk &kd mowfrw
800x600 owfrSwfyg/
Camera wGif point ESifh Path (2)rsdK; toHk;jyKEdkifNyD; yxrOD;pGm Path ESifhjyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/
Path udkESdyfyg/ Select Path Button udkESdyfí Spline udk Select vkyfyg/
Path vrf;aMumif;tjzpf Line, Arc, Elliptical Arc, Circle, Polyline 3D polyline, Spline
wdkYudktoHk;jyKEdkifNyD; pwifa&;qGJonhf Start point zufonf Camera pwifrnfhzufjzpfonf/
Reverse Check Box onf Camera udkajymif;jyefaemufqkwfapjcif;omjzpfNyD; Path
vrf;aMumif;udk Direction ajymif;jcif;r[kwfyg/
Preview Button udE k ydS yf g/ Animation preview udak wGUjrif&rnf/

(219)
 Applied AutoCAD

Preview twGuv f nf; Visual style a½G;Edik Nf y;D wireframe twdik ;f Munh½f jI cif;onftjrefq;kH jzpfonf/
Camera oGm;&mvrf;wpfavQmufwGif Spline \ Segements rsm;½Sdaomae&mrsm;wGif Camera
onfwkefYqdkif;oGm;jcif;udkjrifawGU&rnfjzpfaomfvnf; Animation File tjzpfjyKvkyfodrf;qnf;
onfhtcgwGifrlajyjypfpGm vrf;aMumif;wpfavQmufa½TUvsm;ygvdrfhrnf/
Ok udE k ydS yf gu Save as Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ 3D Walk, 3D Fly Command rsm;wGif
odrf;qnf;yHkudkaz:jyNyD;jzpfonf/ path1.mpg trnfjzifh CD wGifxnfhoGif;ay;xm;onf/ Qual-
ity aumif;aomyHkrsm;udk Render jyKvkyfrSom&Edkifygrnf/

qufvufí Point udktoHk;jyKí Camera udk 180 'D*&DvSnfhMunfh&efjyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/

Command: Anipath
Motion Path Animation Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
Link Camera to wGif Point udk check vkyy
f g/ Pick point udEk ydS í
f Center snap awmif;í
puf0dkif;i,f\A[dkudkjyyg/ Point name wGif Point twdkif;xm;í Ok ESdyfyg/ Point udktoHk;jyKvQif
Target ü Path udx H a½G;cs,af y;&rnf/ Target acgif;pOfatmuf Select path udEk ydS í
k yfrí f Circle
udk Select vkyfyg/ Path Name wGif Ok ESdyfyg/ Preview udkESdyfíMunhfygu Camera onf Target
path twdkif; 180 'D*&DvSnfhíMunfh½Iay;onfudkjrif&rnf/

qufvufí Camera Path ESifh Target point toHk;jyKítdrfudk Camera jzifhwywfvnf

Munfh½IMunfhygrnf/

Command: Anipath
Motion Path Animation Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/
Link Camera to: wGif Path udk Check vkyfí Select path udkESdyfyg/ Circle tBuD;udk
Select vkyy f g/ Path Name ay:vmvQif Ok ESyd yf g/ Link Target to: wGif Point udk Check vkyNf y;D
Pick point udkESdyfyg/ Center Snap awmif;í puf0dkif;tBuD;\A[dkudkjyyg/ Point Name wGif Ok
ES d y f y g/ Preview Button ud k E S d y f M unf h y g/ Camera onf p uf 0 d k i f ; A[d k u d k Target jyKí
puf0dkif;wpfavQmuftdrfudkwywfvnfvSnhfí Munfh½Iay;ygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Chapter - 5

Dimensioning
& Plotting 3D Models

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 Applied AutoCAD

Dimensioning & plotting 3D models

3D models rsm;udk Dimension a&;wyfjcif;onf txl;ojzifh Mechanical Drawing

rsm;ESihf toH;k taqmifypön;f rsm; (Oyrm Furnitures )wdw
Yk iG yf g0ifavh½NdS y;D Cirvil ESihf Archi Drawing
rsm;wGifrlyg0ifavhr½Sdyg/ taqmuftOD;yHkrsm;udkrl Plan, Elevation pojzifh 2D Drawing
rsm;a&;qGJNyD; Dimension udkaz:jyMuNyD; &Hzef&Hcgom Dimension udkaz:jywwfonf/
3D Model rsm;udk Dimension a&;wyf&mwGif UCS udktoHk;jyKírdrda&;wyfvdkaom
rsufESmjyifwGif UCS plane udkxm;NyD;wyf&ygrnf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Print. dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHkwGiftaygufygaomav;axmifhwHk;wpfckudk 3D Solid ESi fha &;qGJí Dimension
a&;wyfxm;onf/ ab;½Sd Copy yHkudkvufawGUa&;wyfMunfhygrnf/
yxrOD;pGm Dimension Style wpfckjyKvkyf&ygrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

þae&mü AutoCAD 2008 wGif Annotative Dimension [lí Dimension

a&;wyfenf;topfwpfckyg0ifvmojzifh xdka&; wyf enf;udkyg avhvmMunfhygrnf/ yHkrSef Di-
mension Style wpfckjyKvkyfyHkudkrlodNyD;jzpfygvdrfhrnf/
AutoCAD 2008 wGif Annotative objects ( yHkxkwfpau;tvdkuf pau;rsm;udktvdk
tavQmufajymif;vJay;aom Objects ) rsm;rSm Text, Mtext, Dimension, Hatches, Tolerances,
Multileaders, Leaders, Blocks ESihf Attributes wdjYk zpfygonf/
Command wGif D ½du k íf Dimension Style Manager udzk iG yhf g/
Dimension Style Manager wGif Annotative udak wGU&rnf/
Annotative udk Select vkyx
f m;í New Button udEk ydS yf g/
Create New Dimension style Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ New Style Name wGiftrnfay;yg/
Oyrm- ano2 (ano1 jzifherlemwpfckjyKvkyfay;xm;NyD;jzpfonf/) Annotative wGif Check
jzpfae&ygrnf/

Continue udE
k ydS yf g/
New Dimension Style Dialog Box wGif Text udE
k ydS yf g/

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Text Style wGif ... Button udE f Text Style Dialog Box udzk iG yhf g/
k ydS í
Style wGif Annotative udk Select vkyx
f m;í New udEk ydS yf g/ New Text Style name wpfcak y;yg/

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(Oyrm- Dim2 ) Ok ESdyfyg/ Font Name wGifBudKuf&m Font wpfcka½G;yg/

(Oyrm- Isocp. shx ) Apply udkESdyfí Close udkESdyfyg/
New Dimension Style Dialog Box \ Text Style ae&mwGif jyKvyk cf ahJ om Dim 2 udak ½G;yg/
qufvufí Fit Tab udkESdyfMunhfyg/

Scale for Dimension Features wGif Overall Scale rsm;ay;p&mrvdb

k J Annotative onf
Check jzpfaeygrnf/ tjcm;rdrd Set vkyfxm;aom Setting rsm;udkjyKvkyfyg/ r½Sdygu Ok ESdyfí
New Dimension Style Dialog Box udykwd yf g/

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Dimension Style Manager wGif Style udak wGU&rnf/ Set Current Button udE f Close
k ydS í
ESihf Dialog Box udyk w
d yf g/ ,cktcg ano2 trnfjzifh Annotative style wpfcjk yKvyk Nf y;D í Current
vnf;xm;NyD;jzpfygonf/ Osnap - Entpoint awmif;yg/
UCS Toolbar rS 3 Point udkESdyfí yHk\ a½SUrsufESmjyifwGif UCS udkuyfyg/ Dimlinear
jzifhrsufESmjyifudk Dimension rsm;a&;wyfyg/ taygufudk Dimdiameter jzifha&;wyfyg/

qufvufí 3 Point UCS ESifh ab;rsufESmjyifwGufuyfí Dimlinear jzifh Dimension

a&;wyfyg/ Ny;D vQif UCS udk World wGijf yefxm;yg/ Dimension Text rsm;onfvuf½Sd Annotation
Scale 1: 1 twdkif;ao;i,fpGmyif½Sdaeygrnf/

Current Annotation Scale udk Status Bar wGifawGUjrifae&ygrnf/ Scale \ab;wGif

Show Annotative objects for all scales ESihf Automatically Add Scales to annotative objects
when the annotation Scale changes (2)ckudkjrifawGU&rnfjzpfNyD; (2)ckpvHk; on xm;onfudk
awGU&rnf/ on/ off udk xdk Icon rsm;udk Click vkyfíajymif;ay;Edkifonf/
,ckyHkudk Layout ay:wifíyHkxkwf&efqufvufjyKvkyfygrnf/ yxrOD;pGmerlemtjzpf
Sample trnf j zif h j yKvk y f x m;aom Layout Tab ud k E S d y f M unf h y g/ Viewpoint (3)ck j zif h
yHkxkwf&efjyifqifxm;onfudkawGU&ygrnf/ xdktwdkif;jyKvkyfMunfhygrnf/

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Layout 2 Tab udE

k ydS yf g/ Layer wGif Current layer - Dim jzpfaeí vp Layer udk Current xm;yg/
Mview Command jzifh Sample layout wGijf yxm;onft h wdik ;f Viewpoint tBu;D wpfcEk iS hf
tao;(2)ckjyKvkyfyg/

Viewport rsm;twGif;wGifyHk(2)yHkpvHk;jrifawGUae&rnf/ trSwfpOf(1) Viewport tBu;D wGif

Double Click ESy f 0ifNy;D View Toolbar rS Front View udEk ydS yf g/ tjyma&mifyu
d í kH kd Pan jzifh View
port tv,fusatmifa½TUyg/
Command: zoom
Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or
[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: 1/4xp
yHkudk 1:4 Scale jzifhcsdefNyD;jzpfrnf/
Status Bar rS Annotation Scale ü Arrow udE f 1:4 udk Select vkyv
k ydS í f u kd yf g/ Dimen-
sion Text rsm;ESihf Arrow rsm;tvdt k avsmuf 1:4 Scale twdik ;f ajymif;vJomG ;ygrnf/ Text Height
onf Dimension Style Manager \ Text Height 2.5 (Dimtext) wefz;kd twdik ;f &½Srd nf/ Dimtext
Height udkrdrday:apcsifaom t½G,fowfrSwfxm;Edkifonf/
qufvufí Viewport trSwfpOf(2)wGif;odkY0ifíyHkudk 1:10 Scale jzifhcsdefNyD; Annotation
Scale udk 1:10 owfrSwfvdkufyg/ Text height rsm;udk 2.5 twdkif;yif&½Sdaernf/ xdkYaMumifh Anno-
tation Dimension udktoHk;jyKjcif;jzifh yHkxkwfpau;rsm;udkrdrdvdkovdkjyKjyifEdkifNyD; Dimension Text
rsm;oD;oefYjyKvkyfay;p&mrvdkbJ vG,fulpGmjzifhyHkxkwf,lEdkifygonf/

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Command wGif PS [k½dkufí Paper Space odkYjyefxGufyg/

Viewport (2) udk select vkyí
f Click ESyd yf g/Popup menu rS Shade plot wGif Hidden udk
Select vkyfyg/ yHkxkwfonfhtcg 3D Model udkaemufrsOf;rsm;uG,fazsmufNyD; Hidden Style
jzifh&½Sdygrnf/

3D yHkrsm;udkyHkxkwf&mü Shade mode rsm;jzifh Color ESifhyHkxkwfEdkifygonf/ Viewport (3)

twGif;odkY Double Click ESifh0ifyg/ Viewport (2) uJhodkYyif yHkudkcsdefNyD; Scale 1:10 jyKvkyfyg/
þyHkudk Dimension rsm;azsmufNyD; Shade Mode ESifhyHkxkwf&efjyKvkyfygrnf/
Command wGif La ½du f Layer Properties Manager udzk iG yhf g/ Dim Layer udk Select
k í
vkyfNyD; Vp Freeze udk Click vkyfí Freeze vkyfyg/

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1 Layer udk Select vkyfí Vp Color wGifBudKuf&ma½G;yg/ ( Sample wGif 151

ta&mifa½G;xm;onf/ )
Visual Style Toolbar rS Conceptual udE f Shade vkyyf g/ yHx
k ySd í k w f Qif Shade plot rSm
k v
As Displayed twdkif;½Sdaeí Shade vkyfxm;onfhtwdkif;&½Sdygrnf/

þoifcef;pmwGif 3D Model wpfckudk Dimension a&;wyfyHk Annotation Dimension

toHk;jyKyHk Shade Mode, Hidden Style rsm;jzifhyHkxkwfyHkwdkYudkavhvmawGU½Sd&ygrnf/

3D Model rsm;udk 2D Drawing rsm;tjzpfjyKvkyfNyD;aemuf vdktyfaom jznfhpGuf rIrsm;

jyKvkyfNyD; yHkxkwf,lEdkifygonf/ txl;ojzifh Presentation Drawing rsm;a&;qGJ&mwGif 3D Draw-
ing udk 2D yHt G jf cif; Hatch rsm;a&;cs,t
k jzpfajymif;vJ,Nl y;D vl? opfyif? um; pojzifjh znfph u f a&mif
oGif;jcif;wdkYjyKvkyfí touf0ifaomyHkrsm;udkxkwfEdkifygonf/
3D Model rsm;udk 2D tjzpfajymif;vJ,lEdkifaomenf;(4)rsdK;½Sdygonf/

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(1) Flatshot Command udt k oH;k jyKjcif;

(2) Express Tools \ Flatten Command udt k oH;k jyKjcif;
(3) Wmf Window Metafile Format udt k oH;k jyKjcif;
(4) DXB plot udktoHk;jyKjcif;wdkYjzpfonf/

(1) Flatshot Command

Flatshot Command onf 3D Solids ES i f h Region Object wd k Y u d k 2D Object

tjzpfzrf;,lay;Edkifonf/ xdkYaMumifh 3D Solid Region wdkYjzifha&;qGJxm;aomyHkrsm;twGuf
toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ 3D Solid modeling wGifjyefvnfMunfh½Iyg/

(2) Flatten Command

Flatten onf Express Tools \ Command wpfckjzpfNyD; 3D Model rsm;udk Flat

jzpf a tmif j yKvk y f a y;onf / od k Y & mwG i f w d u soyf & yf r S k t jynf h t 0rI r ½S d a y/ Wmf ud k Base
vk y f a &;xm;aom Program jzpf N yD ; Flatten ud k 3D Wireframe rsm;tm; Flat
jyefjzpfatmifjym;cs&mwGif toHk;jyKoifhygonf/ vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Flatten.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yH k w G i f a cgif r d k ; wpf c k \ 3D Wireframe ud k a &;qG J x m;onf / xd k y H k u d k 2D plan
yHktjzpfjyefvnfjyKvkyf&ef Top View rS Munfhvdkufyg/ Flatten onfvuf½SdMunfh½Iaom View
twdkif;yHkudkjym;csay;jcif;jzpfonf/
Command: flatten
Initializing...
Select objects to convert to 2d...
Select objects: yHkudk Select vkyfyg/
Remove hidden lines? <No>: y
,cktcgyHo k nf 3D Wirframe r[kwaf wmhbJ 2D plan yHt
k jzpf&½Sad eygrnf/ &½Sad omyHo
k nf
wdusaomyHkjzpfygonf/

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(3) Wmfout, Wmfopts, Wmfin Commands

AutoCAD Drawing rsm;udk Wmfout Command jzifh Window Metafile Format (Wmf)
File tjzpfodrf;qnf;Edkifonf/ xdkodkYodrf;qnf;NyD;aemuf Wmfin Command jzifh AutoCAD
Drawing odkYac:xnfhjcif;jzifh 2D Drawing tjzpfjyefvnf&½SdEdkifygonf/
vufawGUjyKvkyf&ef Wmfout.dwg udkzGifhyg/
yHw
k iG f tdrw k kd 3D Face, Polyline, Polyface mesh wdjYk zifah &;qGx
f pfv;kH yHu J m;onf/ xdyk u
kH kd
Window Metafile tjzpfor d ;f qnf; Munfyh grnf/ 3D Model udk Wmf tjzpford ;f qnf;&mü Hide
command jzifh Hide vkyfíodrf;qnf; EdkifNyD; Shade vkyfxm;vQifrl Wireframe tjzpfomodrf;
ay;ygrnf/ Command wGif Hide ½dkufíyHkudk Hide vkyfyg/

Commands Wmfout
Create wmf File Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/ File name wGifBudKuf&mtrnfay;yg/
odkYr[kwfvuf½Sd Drawing trnftwdkif; odrf;Edkifonf/ Save udkESdyfyg/

Select objects wGiy kH kd Select vkyyf g/ ,cktcg Wmf File tjzpford ;f qnf;&½SNd y;D jzpfonf/
f u

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 Applied AutoCAD

Command: wmfopts
Wmf In Option Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

Wmf File rsm;wGif tom;jznfhta&mifrsm; jzifha&;qGJxm;aomyHkrsm;awGUjrifbl;ygrnf/

xdyk rkH sm;udk Auto CAD Drawing tjzpfac:xnft h oH;k jyKvQif Wireframe (No Fills) wGif Check
vkyfxm;rS Polyline rsm;tjzpf&½SdEdkifygrnf/ Check rjzpfaevQif Check vkyfNyD; Ok ESifhydwfyg/
Drawing udk Top View rS Munfhyg/
Command: wmfin
Import WMF Dialog Box yGiv hf mrnf/
odr;f qnf;cJah om File udk Select vkyNf y;D Open udEk ydS yf g/ Pointer wGiyf ykH gvmrnf/ Block
udk Insert vkyfouJhyifjzpfonf/
Units: Unitless Conversion: 1.0000
Specify insertion point or [Basepoint/Scale/X/Y/Z/Rotate]: Screen ay:wGif Pick
vkyfyg/
Enter X scale factor, specify opposite corner, or [Corner/XYZ] <1>:
Enter Y scale factor <use X scale factor>:
Specify rotation angle <0>:

&½Sdvmaom Object onf Block jzpfNyD; Explode ESifhazgufcGJí vdkovdkjyKjyifrSKrsm;

jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ Color rsm;udk By Color tjzpf&½SdrnfjzpfNyD; Layer rSm yHkudkac:xnhfpOf Current
Layer twk d i f ; &½S d y grnf / yH k \ t½G , f t pm;rS m od r f ; qnf ; pOf j rif u G i f ; ES i f h q d k i f o jzif h
t½G,frSefudk&rnfr[kwfyg/ Scale Command jzifh t½G,frSe&atmifjyefvnfjyKjyifEdkifonf/
rsOf;auG;rsm;yg0ifí ½IyfaxG;aom Model rsm;tvGefBuD;aomyHkrsm;udkrl Wmfont, Wmfin Com-
mand rsm;jzifh 2D yHkjyKvkyfjcif;onfroifhawmfyg/ wdusrSKr½SdEdkifaomaMumifhjzpfygonf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

(4) DXB plot

3D Model rsm;udk 2D tjzpfajymif;vJ,&l mü DXB (Drawing Interchange Binary) File

tjzpf Plot vkyfí jyefvnfac:,ljcif;onf taumif;qHk;enf;jzpfygonf/
txl;ojzifh Presentation Drawing rsm;udkjyKvkyf&mü þenf;udkt"dutoHk;jyKMuonf/
vufawGUavhvm&ef Saved View. dwg udkzGifhyg/
Dxb plot vkyf&efyxrOD;pGm Dxb Output Plotter File udkjyKvkyf&ygrnf/
Command: Options
Options Dialog Box yGivhf mrnf/ Plot and Publish Tab udEk ydS yf g/

Add or Configure Plotters.. udEk ydS yf gu Plotters Window yGiv

hf mrnf/
Add - A - Plotter Wizard udk Double Click ESdyfyg/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Add Plotter - Introduction Page wGif Next udE

k ydS yf g/ My Computer wGix
f m;í Next udEk ydS yf g/
Manufacture wGif AutoCAD DXB File udk Select vkyy f g/

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 Applied AutoCAD

NyD;vQif Next udkESdyfyg/ Next udkqufESdyfyg/

Plot to File wGifxm;í Next udkESdyfyg/
Plotter Name wGifESpfouf&mtrnfay;Edkifonf/ Oyrmtjzpf 2D [ktrnfay;vdkufyg/
Next udkESdyfyg/ Finish udkESdyfyg/Plotters pm&if;wGif 2D Pc3 File udkawGU&rnf/

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Plotters Window udkydwfyg/Options Dialog Box udk Ok ESdyfyg/ ,cktcg DXB Plot
jyKvkyf&ef Pc3 File jyKvkyfNyD;jzpfonf/
yHkudk Camera View jzifhMunhf½I&ef Camera wGif View ½dkufí View Manager udkzGifhNyD;
Cam1 udk Set Current xm;um Apply ESdyfí Perspective Munhfyg/ yHkwGif rsOf;jzLwpfaMumif;
udkawGU&rnf/ xdkrsOf;rSm 5 ? 4/ tjrifh½SdaomrsOf;wpfaMumif;udkavQmufvrf;ay:wGif a&;qGJxm;
jcif ; jzpf N yD ; xd k r sOf ; ae&mwG i f v l y H k u d k x nf h , l & ef j zpf o nf / 2D yH k t jzpf a &muf ½ S d a omtcg
yHk\pau;udktwdtus jyef&ap&ef Scale jzifhjyefíjyifqif,l&eftwGufESifh vlyHk? um;yHkpojzifh
yHkrsm;jznfhpGufonfhtcg rdrdxnhfvdkonhfae&mrsm;wGif tjrifh? t½G,ftrSefxnhfEdkif&ef BudKwifí
pDpOfNyD;trSwftom;rsm;a&;qGJ&ygrnf/

Command: Plot
Plot Dialog Box yGiv
hf mrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

Printer name wGif 2D.pc3 udka½G;cs,fyg/

Paper Size wGif Landscape puúLwpfckcka½G;cs,fEdkifonf/
ARCH E1 (42.00 x 30.00 Inches) udka½G;cs,fyg/
What to plot wGif Display, Shade plot wGif Hidden udx
k m;yg/ Preview udkESdyfí yHkudk
MunfhEdkifonf/Plot Dialog Box wGif Ok udkESdyfyg/
Browse for Plot File Dialog Box ay:vmrnf/

File name wGif Drawing File trnfESifh Dxb File trnfudkawGGU&rnf/ BudKuf&m
trnfjzifhay;Edkifonf/ trnfay;vQif Dxb udkygxnfhía&;oGif;yg/ trnfopfray;vdku
vuf½Sdtwdkif;yifodrf;vdkaom Floder udka½G;cs,fí Save Button udkESdyfyg/
Plot vkyfoGm;ygrnf/ Plot and Publish Job Complete Message udkjrif&rnf/
File Menu rS New Drawing topfwpfckudkzGifhyg/
Command: Dxbin
Select DXB File Dialog Box yGiv hf mrnf/

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 Applied AutoCAD

odrf;qnf;cJhaom Dxm File udka½G;í Open udkESdyfyg/ Drawing ay:wGif 2D yHkudk&½Sdygrnf/

yHw
k iG v
f x
l nh&f ef &nf½, G x f m;aomrsO;f udk awGU&rnf/ Drawing Units wGif Engineering
xm;íxdkrsOf;udk 5' 4 t½G,fjzpfatmif Scale Command - reference option jzifh yHkwpfckvHk;udk
Scale csJUvdkufyg/ yHkudkrdrdvdkovdkabmifcwfí vlyHk? opfyifyHk? Hatch ponfrsm;jznhfpGufjcif;?
vd k t yf a omrsOf ; rsm;jznh f p G u f a &;qG J j cif ; jyif q if j cif ; rsm;jyKvk y f í Presertation Drawing
wpfckudkpdwfBudKufzefwD;Edkifygrnf/
erlemjyKvkyfxm;aom Presentation.Dwg File udkzGihfíMunhf½Iyg/

-------- +++ --------

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 Applied AutoCAD

Chapter - 6

Exercises

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 Applied AutoCAD

Exercises

,aeY 3D Model rsm;udk Mechanical, Civil, Archi ESifh vloHk;ypönf;trsdK;rsdK; twGuf

a&;qGJaeMuygonf/
yxrOD;pGm 3D a&;qGrJ nfo h rl sm;onf Command rsm;udu
k Rr;f usiaf tmif yHrk sm;avhusiahf &;
qGJMunfh&efvdktyfygonf/ avhusifha&;qGJ&mü rdrdbmom&yfESifh oufqdkifrI½Sdr½Sdudk rcGJjcm;bJ
tm;vH k ; ud k a vh u sif h a&;qG J o if h y gonf / Command rsm;toH k ; csyH k r sm;ud k yH k r sm;vuf a wG U
a&;qGJonhftcg ydkíem;vnfuRrf;usifvmygrnf/ a&;qGJavhusihfEdkif&ef vufvSrf;rSDoíyHkrsm;
udkxnhfoGif;ay;xm;ygonf/

-------- +++ --------

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