Appleton Right Brain
Appleton Right Brain
or
Use and the use of imagery
by John Appleton
This article has been edited and amended since it first appeared on alexandertechnique.com.
Comments are appreciated.
This article proposes that mental imagery is the ‘missing link’ in the understanding of the
nature of use and a tool for bringing about an experience of improved use.* Specifically, I am
proposing that what I have come to call “posture release imagery,” represents, in large
measure, a “right brain” understanding of the Alexander Technique, addressing specific
principles such as “inhibition,” “primary control,” “lengthening and widening,” and
“direction” through visual and tactile/kinesthetic means. As such, the specific imagery can let
us into an understanding of ourselves that otherwise is not available.
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* Published articles I have written that address some of the material here from different
perspectives:
(2007) Illustrations and mental imagery of archetypal forms of early organisms – a new
approach to exposing and releasing habitual and dysfunctional posture. Journal of Bodywork and
Movement Therapies, 11 (issue 1): 25-36. This article has the full text available for reading online
as part of the current sample issue.
(2006) Postulating that our neurological models for musculoskeletal support, movement, and
emotional expression come from archetypal forms in early organisms. Medical Hypotheses, 66
issue 5): 1029-1035.
(Summer 2004). Use and the Use of Imagery. AmSAT News.
2
Any language, whether used to describe the Alexander Technique or to assist with
invoking an experience of improved use, induces images. Those images may be conscious or
less conscious, sharp or fuzzy. The imagery here differs because it is introduced expressly to
be an image. It is illustrated as well as described both visually and tactile/kinesthetically in
order to provide some control of the inevitable and necessary images of the mind.
We have all heard of the categories of ‘verbal,’ ‘visual,’ ‘auditory’ and “tactile/kinesthetic”
learners. People not only have varied performance skills but also have varied perceptual skills.
People predisposed to absorb information verbally and tactile/kinesthetically learn well
through The Alexander Technique. Teachers talk to their students and touch them. Some
teachers verbally describe visual imagery to assist with one aspect of the work or another, but
I am not aware of any imagery that is actively promoted to deal with all aspects of use. I
happen to be one of those people with a strong tendency to visualize. I try to create a visual
picture and sometimes a tactile picture of most concepts that I entertain. It is for this reason
that I write this article. The Alexander Technique can reach more people, without degradation
of principles, with the addition of visual and tactile constructions.
While the methods I describe may seem unorthodox, I believe they can be of great benefit
to practitioners of the Alexander Technique.
The dorsal/ventral concept relates to the Alexander Technique’s “…back to lengthen and
widen...” if one accepts the the following principle:
Early organisms’ means of support (against gravity) became the instrument for
neurologically directing efficient support in higher life forms (with internal skeletal systems).
That is, the dome- and arch-shaped qualities of the dorsal surface and the more toned or
gently contracted qualities of the ventral surface, which provided actual support for early
organisms, became not the actual but the neurological model for appropriate human
structure (posture).
Figure 2 illustrates this concept. It shows how the dorsal and ventral surfaces can act
together to bring support and “lift” to a single cell or early creature or provide neurological
guidance to later skeletal structures that support bigger and heavier organisms. Box A depicts
an archetypal boneless organism that supports itself against gravity only by control of its
surfaces, dorsal and ventral. By expanding its upper dorsal surface and contracting its lower
ventral surface, it comes up a bit in the world. Box B represents support of a larger archetypal
organism with a skeletal system. This tent-like figure shows a skeleton that is structurally
similar to the earlier organism, promoting full dorsal and flat ventral surfaces. Box C shows
how the organism in Box A, in contrast, might be poorly supported if it reversed forces and
contracted the upper dorsal surface and expanded the lower ventral surface. A skeletal
structure to support Box C would be necessarily complex and inefficient by comparison to
Box B.
The familiar “evolution” drawing in the middle of Figure 2 shows evolving of the dorsal
and ventral surfaces. Though organisms have gone through considerable change, the original
dorsal surface still remains generally up and ventral surface remains generally down. The
small insert to the lower right of Figure 2 perhaps makes this clearer. The final question is:
Could this simple arrangement… that is, generally maintaining a gently expanded dorsal
surface and a gently contracted ventral surface… be part of man’s “supreme inheritance”?
6
Exercises
Now let us turn these illustrations and concepts into an image exercise. Sitting in a chair is
probably the best way to experiment with this exercise. The very first and simplest image is
short: Imagine that, due to uncontrollable forces, you are beginning to “calm up and tense
down.” This means more specifically that the dorsal surface is “calming up” and the ventral
surface is “tensing down.” This is not linguistic silliness. They are orders that tend to prevent us
from either tensing up or calming down, neither of which are functionally ideal outcomes. Play
with this image and idea for a while and then proceed to the next exercise.
Now, imagine that your entire ventral surface is “tensing down.” Even if you do not quite
know what that means, try thinking it. Add to that thought the image that the ventral surface is
quite opposite in qualities to the dorsal. Imagine that the ventral surface is becoming taut, more
contracted (just imagine, do not actively “do” it), as well as dense, dark, damp, and heavy.
Perhaps there is a layer of water or wet sand inside that makes the ventral surface feel heavy. In
addition, unlike the dorsal surface that can hold helium under its light fluffy surface, the ventral
surface is somewhat contracted, weighted down and leaks a bit, dripping wet sand. Search out
areas that are ventral but you have not thought about…perhaps the bottoms of your feet, lower
eyelids, groin area, or bottom of the “tail.”
Imagining is not nearly as easy as seeing, so do not expect to succeed at aspects suggested
immediately or in one session.
The combined images for the dorsal and
ventral surfaces should make you feel for a
while that you are being “pulled apart at the
seams.” This sense of separation is good and
change like this can sometimes have an ache
accompany it. Whereas strong pleasure is a
form of contraction, strong release often
contains an ache, or “growing pains.” If you
have difficulty experiencing anything, it
may just take trying to think more vividly.
There is nothing wrong with exaggerating
the images more to see what happens (Figure 5). Figure 5 - Exaggeration
In our chosen quest to attain excellent use, we often try where we should just dream or
wonder. It would seem that these imagined allusions to visual and tactile cues as well as
playful language (calm up, etc.) are valid avenues to healthy lengthening and widening.
Imagining these various qualities can make us aware of where we are “faking it.”
I consider the dorsal-ventral relationship presented here possibly more basic and primary
than Primary Control, and so have presented it first. However, the Alexander Technique’s
concept of Primary Control is addressed next in the following discussion and exercises.
8
To sum up, I consider that mentally separating the dorsal and ventral surfaces, in terms of
the sensations experienced on them, is primary to establishing a healthy structure or postural
base. In contrast, I consider that separating, in the mind’s eye, the “director” from the “motor”
and the “rudder” from the “motor” is primary in healthy and graceful movement. The next
exercise is an image that promotes the special sense of freedom at the junctures between the
three functional segments. From the imagery, you may come to think, as I do, that a
secondary or tertiary control system seems to be isolated in the rudder segment, having both
lateral directional control as well as a strong effect on movement/energy style in the body.
9
Exercises
The exercise, here, just as with all the image exercises, asks the experimenter to imagine that
they have become as exactly like the drawn characters as possible, even if only momentarily.
Take more than a few seconds experimenting with this image.
Examine, for a moment, Figure 7. Then, starting with the horizontal creature, #1, imagine
that you are becoming, passively or without effort, that creature. Imagine having that face, that
body, that tail. The creature is essentially the same as the archetype with the ideal dorsal and
ventral relationship that you have encountered. So, imagine being that character, with a light,
fluffy dorsal and a contracted, dark, dense, ventral surface. Then add the quality of being split
almost entirely into the three segments. Try not to allow yourself to sense an attachment where
the drawing shows none. In your mind’s eye, you can see light and space by looking clear
through yourself along these splits. It may not be immediately evident but, with some diligence,
you will have a sense of postural changes taking place.
Next, you can imagine yourself as creature #3. (Creature #2 merely illustrates the
evolutionary development of the center segment, the “motor.”) Both the director and the rudder
segments maintain their horizontal bearing. As you feel yourself becoming more upright, it is
important to continue to imagine that the director and rudder sections remain oriented
horizontally and are shaped as they are in creature #1. There should be no sense that you have to
“haul” up your motor section to become upright. Rather the sense should be that it springs up of
its own accord or is pulled upright by outside forces.
The human figure on the end shows, more realistically, where the locations of the splits are
on us. A split occurs at the very base of the neck (and not higher!), where the vertebrae change
from cervical to thoracic, and across the shoulders, and down the middle of the dorsal surface of
the arms. The other split is just before the tailbone (and not higher!) at the bottom of the back.
This is where the vertebrae change from lumbar to sacral. This split travels across the hips and
down the front of the legs (which is the dorsal side of the legs!). The right leg of the human
model is turned out to show the progression of the split.
Imagine that the splits to the arms and legs end in the middle of the back of the hand and the
middle of the top of the foot. This feature of the image demonstrates and allows us the
experience, over time, of major body segments being relatively independent but still connected
to each other. In this way, the director and rudder portions of our body definitely influence the
core of the body but do not overly control it.
Movement of tension away from the core of the body toward the “edges” of the body, which
is the border of the dorsal and ventral surfaces, is appropriate. That is why the image shows the
segments connected close to that line. The sense of “work” along the sides of the body at the
seam between the dorsal and ventral surfaces is appropriate. It is also appropriate at the hands
and feet, which derive from the “edges” of our body. It is not appropriate or ideal to feel the
sense of work taking place more to the center, such as between the shoulders or in the lower
back. Those locations should be “at ease.”
Creature #4 gives a crude idea of how #3 became more human like, by horizontally
foreshortening the face and tail while bulging the head and tail segments up and down. One can
experiment with imagining these “finishing touches” in the march toward our present and
“better” selves.
One postscript to this exercise might be to imagine that “forward and up” takes place in your
body precisely at the locations of the arrows in Figure 6, in creatures #2 and #3. Forward is right
out the front of the mouth and up directly up from juncture between the director and motor
segments.
10
This image exercise is difficult. It is difficult because you cannot imagine features of this (and the
other exercises) without significant non-habitual body changes temporarily taking place. To have
complete success initially is very unlikely, but mentally working at it can bring you closer each time.
You are now upright but still “level headed.” From a merely visual examination of the exercise
illustration, its positive effect may seem counterintuitive. Creature #3 looks to have a truncated neck
and perhaps a dowager’s hump. However, you are not experiencing those qualities. You are feeling
more naturally upright than usual (unless you are imitating the drawing instead of imagining it).
Now it is worth considering if the preceding image exercise had anything to do with Primary
Control. AT directions for promoting a healthy version of Primary Control are variously stated but
often something like “let the neck be free, head to go forward and up, back to lengthen and widen….”
For the neck to be “free,” it would seem to have to be free from “something.” That something would
the remainder of the body. It appears the “right brain” image of a nearly separated base of the neck
from the remainder of the body evokes this principle. It requires working with the image to see that
imaginarily dividing the head from the body somewhere else along the neck is not the same thing and,
in fact, can be detrimental to function.
Imagining that the three segments just discussed are frozen in different configurations of
the body yields some interesting experiences in postural diversity. People are certainly not
alike, even when they exhibit relatively good use. The variations that can be experienced from
the following exercises demonstrate a range of personality/posture that is common (and not
necessarily deeply dysfunctional).
Figure 9 is an overhead view of a generic tetrapod. This allows us to see variation in lateral
movement possibilities by imaginarily orienting the director and rudder segments differently.
An exercise to experience those differences follows.
This has been an introduction to some new concepts and newly described concepts
concerning human structural support. They are discoveries resulting from my experimentation
with specific mental imagery. The article has concentrated on how I see the work as
demonstrating and supporting aspects of the Alexander Technique. Most of its origins are in
the Alexander Technique.
The Alexander Technique has within it a healthy skepticism of somatosensory information.
We know that we cannot “feel” our way to better use or we would have succeeded long ago.
However, I think that the sort of exploration with our somatosenses that I recommend can
help to make us more at home with sensation. We can trick it into our service and experience
new potential for wellbeing at the same time. I hope that readers take time to understand the
ideas advanced here and continue to experiment with the imagery. The Alexander Technique
requires a patience to appropriately understand and experience and what I call Posture Release
Imagery is no different.
John Appleton is a writer and teacher of the Alexander Technique in southwest Missouri,
USA. He studied at the Urbana Center for the Alexander Technique (UCAT) and was
certified in 1986. He has been on a quest for greater understanding of mind/body unity all of
his adult life. Along the trail were experiences and reading in Reichian therapy, encounter
group therapy, Rolfing, and tai chi. Years spent as a carpenter were very valuable in providing
him numerous opportunities to experience the physics of use and the exhilaration in the
physical.
He has a website, http://posturereleaseimagery.org/, which has other articles available for
downloading as well as many image exercises not found in this article. John can be contacted
at [email protected] .