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Technical Drawings

The document discusses various types of technical drawings used in engineering design and manufacturing. It provides examples of drawings for circuits, printed circuit boards (PCBs), general assemblies, fabricated parts, jigs and fixtures, and tools. Technical drawings communicate design information visually and precisely using standardized symbols and views. They include details like dimensions, materials, and tolerances needed for fabrication and construction of parts. Common views shown are orthographic projections, schematics, and computer-based drawings.

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145 views5 pages

Technical Drawings

The document discusses various types of technical drawings used in engineering design and manufacturing. It provides examples of drawings for circuits, printed circuit boards (PCBs), general assemblies, fabricated parts, jigs and fixtures, and tools. Technical drawings communicate design information visually and precisely using standardized symbols and views. They include details like dimensions, materials, and tolerances needed for fabrication and construction of parts. Common views shown are orthographic projections, schematics, and computer-based drawings.

Uploaded by

CHARITHA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technical Drawings

At the end of a design and development process the design will be full of innumerable parts such as
assemblies, pcbs, modules, boxes, cables and so on….. A good product documentation is to be
generated, describing all these parts. The details for each part have to be uniquely and adequately
described for fabrication by in house employees or third parties.
For example the details for the parts may contain freehand sketches of components, modules, and
systems, engineering drawings for fabrication of the parts, the dimensions, the material to be used and
so on.The design department will have to deliver complex technical drawings, often computer-based.
A technical drawing must typically include the following critical information:
 geometrical and isometric 3D view
 shape of the object
 Multiple angle projections.
 Dimensions
 tolerances,
 material
 finish

The right-angled parallel projection is very popular thesesdays.Orthographic projection, is another


technique which is popular. An object can have six views, whose defined location and orientation to one
another are derived from the orthographic projection.

Six views of an Object

Technical drawingsis a visual communication of how something functions or how it is constructed.Technical


drawings are tools that communicate ideas between people, in industry and engineering. To simplify the
drawings and make them easier to understand, symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems,
visual styles, and page layout are used.The technical drawings need to be precise, objective and accurate unlike
the expressive drawings of the visual arts which are subjective mostly.

A red octagonsymbolizes "stop" even without the word


Staircase in two-point perspective

Technical Drawings – Examples

When a proto-type testing is successful, transfer of technology begins between R&D and Manufacturing groups.
Some of the important technical drawings exchanged between design and manufacturing groups are

Circuit Diagrams:
Circuit diagrams show how electronic components are connected together. Each component is represented by a
symbol and a few circuit diagrams are shown below. A circuit diagram has several other nomenclatures such
as electrical diagram, elementary diagram or electronic schematic. It describes an electrical circuit using common
standard symbols.

In one form, it just shows simple images of components, while in a schematic diagram it shows the components
and interconnections of the circuit. Note that the schematic diagram may have a signal flow which is totally
different with physical arrangement of components in a PCB.
A block diagram or layout diagram shows a signal flow but a circuit diagram shows the actual electrical flow.

Circuit diagrams and component layouts


Circuit diagrams show the connections between components neatly as straight lines. The physical layout of the
components is usually quite different from the circuit diagram as seen in the figures. The emphasis must be on
how to connect rather than how to place the components, usually. A circuit diagram is very useful when testing
and developing a circuit. A good circuit diagram can also help in understanding how the design works.
PCB layout documents
What is Artwork:
It is a computer generated drawing using a CAD software such as Orcad. It displays the physical arrangement of
the components and the interconnection between them as per the circuit schematic. A circuit schematic is first
converted into an artwork and a PCB is manufactured (fabricated) using this artwork. It is a very useful
document for manufacturing Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs).. Artwork arranges the required electrical connections
as patterns. The patterns are narrow copper tracks (strips) which wind their way across a layout to connect two
or more intended components, as per the schematic

Artwork is basic manufacturing tool for PCB fabrications because it uniquely definesthe PCB track patternsand
solder pads to be placed on the board. In addition, the artwork will define the boundary of the board.
The artwork has to be accurate and precise.

General Assembly drawing / Mechanical parts drawing


The general assembly drawing (GA) of a product includes a list of all the parts or components and sub
assembliesthat make up the product assembly.GA also includes details on assembly sequence. The drawing
also includes the overall dimensions of the components.
A Bill of Materials (BOM) of the GA drawing will list out each part number, part name, and quantity. Each of these
entities will have what is known as a part number.

Plastics parts drawing : This is similar toGeneral Assembly drawing / Mechanical parts drawing above. The
material is plastic instead of metal. To that extent plastic moulds will have to be designed
Fabricated parts drawings
The fabrication drawing is a specific type of detail drawing. Some fabrication drawings are a group of assembly
drawings, For example figure below shows, a number of items assembled together as a fabrication. The
fabrication drawing contains a material parts list which specifies the type of material used to build up the
fabrication. All welding details are included using BS standards.The fabrication drawing also includes details on
the heat treatment needed before fabrication. The dimensions of parts used are also part of the drawing.

Jigs and Fixtures drawings


It is a device that holds a piece of work and guides the tool operating on it. It is a holding device
that can keep a job in place by holding it securely with appropriate support and guiding a cutter or a drill bit
precisely. The fixture merely supports and locates the workpiece in place. It does not guide the cutting tool or the
drilling tool.A jig differs from a fixture in that it can guide the tool to its correct position in addition to locating and
supporting the workpiece. Examples: Vises, chucks

Tool drawings for plastic moulds and metal parts and packaging materials and other assemblies

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