Pneumatic Valves: For Precision and Control

Pneumatic Valves
For precision and control

Contents
 Introduction  Static Sealing
 Operators  Balanced Spool
 Function  Spool Overlap
 Valve Size  5/3 Valves
 Actuator Control  Other Valve Designs
 Typical Valve  Pressure Switches
 Poppet Valves  Logic Valves
 Spool Valves  Flow Regulators
 Disc Seals  Quick Exhaust valve
 Dynamic Seals  Valve Flow
 Glandless Spool  Solenoid Valves
Click the section to advance directly to it

Introduction
 The range of pneumatic  For all of them, their basic
valves is vast function is to switch air
 To help select a valve flow
they are placed in a  From the simplest
variety of categories: function of switching a
 style single flow path on and
 type off, to the exacting
 design principle proportional control of
 type of operator pressure and flow
 function
 size
 application
Style
 Style reflects the look of a
valve range as well as the
underlying design
principle. Examples are
Nugget, ISO Star and
Super X
Type
 Type refers to the valves
installation arrangement
for example sub-base,
manifold, in line, and
valve island
Design
 Design refers to the
principle of operation
around which the valve
has been designed, for
example, spool valve,
poppet valve and plate
valve
Operators
 An operator is the
mechanism that causes a
valve to change state Push Shrouded Mushroom Twist
 They are classified as Button Button Button
manual, mechanical and
electrical
Switch Emergency Key Key Plunger Roller

Stop Released Operated
One Way Air Pilot Solenoid

Tip Pilot
Valve Function
 Function is the switching
complexity of a valve
 Shown by two figures 2/2,
3/2, 4/2, 5/2, 3/3, 4/3 & 5/3
 First figure is the number
of main ports. Inlets,
outlets, and exhausts
excluding signal and
external pilot supplies
 Second figure is the
number of states
 A 3/2 valve has 3 ports,
and 2 states, normal and
operated.
Valve Size
 Size refers to a valve’s  The port size progression
port thread. M5, R1/8 , R1/4, R3/8 , R1/2, R3/4,
 For similarly designed R1.
valves the amount of air
flow through the valve
usually increases with the R3/8
port size. M5 R1/2
R /8
1
R1/4
 Port size alone however
cannot be relied upon to
give a standard value of
flow as this is dependent R1 R3/4
on the design of the valve
internals.
Application
 Application is a category  A standard valve could be
for valves described by in any category
their function or task depending on the
 Examples of specialist function it has been
valves are quick exhaust selected for in a system
valve, soft start valve and
monitored dump valve
 Examples of standard
valves are power valves,
logic valves, signal
processing valves and fail
safe valves
Actuator Control (3/2 valve)
 A 3 port valve provides
the inlet, outlet and
exhaust path and is the
normal choice for control
of a single acting cylinder
 In the normal position
produced by the spring,
the valve is closed 12
2
10
 In the operated position
produced by the push 3 1
button the valve is open
 The push button must be
held down for as long as
the cylinder is outstroked
 A 3 port valve provides
the inlet, outlet and
exhaust path and is the
normal choice for control
of a single acting cylinder
produced by the spring,
the valve is closed 12
2
10
 In the operated position
produced by the push 3 1
button the valve is open
 The push button must be
held down for as long as
the cylinder is outstroked
 A five port valve provides
an inlet port 1 that is
switched between two
outlet ports 2 and 4 each
with an exhaust port 3 & 5
produced by the spring 1
4 2
is connected to 2 with 4
14 12
to exhaust 5
 In the operated position 5 1 3
produced by pushing the
button port 1 is
connected to 4 with 2 to
exhaust 3
 A five port valve provides
an inlet port 1 that is
switched between two
outlet ports 2 and 4 each
with an exhaust port 3 & 5
produced by the spring 1
4 2
is connected to 2 with 4
14 12
to exhaust 5
 In the operated position 5 1 3
produced by pushing the
button port 1 is
connected to 4 with 2 to
exhaust 3
Typical Valve
 Identification of the
component parts of a 8
7 9
typical 5/2 solenoid valve
with spring return 6
(Sub-base not shown)
 (1) Solenoid (15mm) 5
 (2) Piston
 (3) Spool with disc seals
 (4) Valve body 1
 (5) Return spring
 (6) Alternative ports 2, 4 2
 (7) Pressure indicator
 (8) Manual override 4 3
 (9) Electric connectors
Poppet Valves
Poppet Valve 2/2
 The Poppet valve is a 12
simple and effective
design used mainly in 2/2
and 3/2 functions
 It has good sealing
characteristics and can
often be the choice for a
supply shut off valve
 A poppet seal has a butt
1 2
action against a raised
edged aperture
 Illustrated is a 2/2 air
operated poppet valve
Poppet Valve 2/2
 The Poppet valve is a 12
simple and effective
design used mainly in 2/2
and 3/2 functions
 It has good sealing
characteristics and can
often be the choice for a
supply shut off valve
 A poppet seal has a butt
1 2
action against a raised
edged aperture
 Illustrated is a 2/2 air
operated poppet valve
Poppet Valve 3/2
 Miniature 3/2 valve used
for generating signals
 The poppet seal will give
long life (not subjected to 3
sliding friction)
 Supply to port 1 assists
the spring to hold the
poppet shut 2
 Outlet port 2 is connected
through the plunger to a
plain exhaust port
1
 When operated exhaust
path sealed and poppet
opened (flow 1 to 2)
Poppet Valve 3/2
sliding friction)
poppet shut 2
plain exhaust port
1
Poppet Valve 3/2
sliding friction)
poppet shut 2
plain exhaust port
1
Spool Valves
 A long standing popular
versatile design
 Available in most
functions 3/2, 3/3, 5/2, 5/3,
etc.
 Fully force balanced
 Wide range of styles,
sizes, operators and
mounting arrangements
 Suit a multiple range of
applications
Spool Types
 A spool has a number of
major and minor
diameters called lands
and valleys
 The lands seal with the
valve bore and the valleys
connect valve ports to
control flow direction
 Dynamic seal type has
the seals on the spool
 Glandless type have no
sliding seals
 Static seal type has the
seals fixed in the valve
bore
Disc Seals
 A disc seal is a loose fit in
the groove, with the outer
diameter just in contact
with the valve bore.
 Under differential
pressure the disc seal is
pushed sideways and
outwards to seal the
clearance between the
outer diameter of the
piston and the valve bore
 The slim profile gives low
radial force therefore
reducing friction
Spool Valve (dynamic seals)
 This 5/2 valve has a spool fitted with disc seals
 The seals move with the spool therefore they are called
dynamic
 Normal position: port 1 is joined to 4 and 2 is joined to 3
 Operated position: port 1 is joined to 2 and 4 is joined to 5
4 2
14 12
1
5 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
Spool Valve (dynamic seals)
 This 5/2 valve has a spool fitted with disc seals
 The seals move with the spool therefore they are called
dynamic
 Normal position: port 1 is joined to 4 and 2 is joined to 3
 Operated position: port 1 is joined to 2 and 4 is joined to 5
4 2
14 12
1
5 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
Spool Valve (glandless)
 This 5/2 valve has a matched spool and sleeve. The fit is
so precise that seals between them are unnecessary
 The tiny amount of air crossing the spool lands provides
an air bearing
 The result is low friction and long life
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 5 4 1 2 3 12
Spool Valve (glandless)
 This 5/2 valve has a matched spool and sleeve. The fit is
so precise that seals between them are unnecessary
 The tiny amount of air crossing the spool lands provides
an air bearing
 The result is low friction and long life
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 5 4 1 2 3 12
Spool Valve (static seals)
 This 3/2 valve has a plain spool sliding within static seals
 The O Ring seals are held in carriers fixed in the valve
bore and positioned by spacers (not shown)
 The larger O Rings seal the valve bore with the carriers
 The smaller O Rings seal the carriers with the spool
2
2
12 10
3 1
12 10
3 1
2
2
12 10
3 1
12 10
3 1
4 2
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 12
5 1 3
4 2
4 2
14 12
5 1 3
14 12
5 1 3
Balanced Spool
 The pressure acting at
any port will not cause
the spool to move
 The areas to the left and
right are equal and will 14 5 4 1 2 3 12
produce equal and
opposite forces
 Balanced spool valves
have a wide range of
application as any
selection of pressures
can be applied to the 5 14 5 4 1 2 3 12
ports. Single pressure
and twin pressure supply
versions shown
Overlap
Positive
 Most spool valves are overlap
designed with a positive
overlap
 When the spool is in
transit from the normal to 14 5 4 1 2 3 12
the operated state port 2
will be closed before port Negative
overlap
4 is opened (or 4 before 2)
 If the spool is being
moved slowly a negative
overlap will cause
pressure loss during the 14 5 4 1 2 3 12
spool changeover and
may even stall
Three Position Spool Valves
 This type of valve has a
4 2
normal state where the
spool is in a mid position
5 1 3
 The characteristic in the
centre position is
4 2
determined by the land
spacings on the spool
5 1 3
 The three types are:
All ports blocked
Open exhausts 4 2
Open pressure
5 1 3
Valve Spools (dynamic seals)
Standard 5/2 spool
All ports blocked 5/3
Open to exhaust 5/3
Open to pressure 5/3
Identification grooves
Examples from the Nugget 120 range
5/3 Valve (all ports sealed)
 With the spool in the mid (normal) position all ports are
sealed
 Spool right, port 1 is joined to 4, port 2 is joined to 3
 Spool left, port 1 is joined to 2, port 4 is joined to 5
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
sealed
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
sealed
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
5/3 Valve (open exhausts)
 With the spool in the mid (normal) position the supply port
is sealed and outlet ports are to exhaust
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
5/3 Valve (open pressure)
is connected to both outlet ports
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
4 2
5 1 3
14 12
5 4 1 2 3
Other Valve Designs
Bleed Valves
 Provide valve operation  Flow through the piston
from a low operating is slower than the bleed
force orifice so the pressure is
 In the normal position the lost and the piston
lever arm is holding the changes state
bleed orifice closed  Releasing the lever
 The differential piston has causes the piston to reset
supply pressure acting on 12
2
10
the small end, also the 3
large end through a 3
1
restrictor in the piston

 A light operating force 1
will lift the bleed seal 2
allowing air to escape
Bleed Valves
 Provide valve operation  Flow through the piston
from a low operating is slower than the bleed
force orifice so the pressure is
 In the normal position the lost and the piston
lever arm is holding the changes state
bleed orifice closed  Releasing the lever
 The differential piston has causes the piston to reset
supply pressure acting on 12
2
10
the small end, also the 3
large end through a 3
1
restrictor in the piston

 A light operating force 1
will lift the bleed seal 2
allowing air to escape
Plate Valves
 Have no sliding synthetic  Versions 4/2 and 4/3 with
rubber seals detented centre position
 The rotary slide (red) is  Part movement of lever
ground flat with the base will give flow control
 Pressure supplied at port
1 pushes the plate down 2 4
to seal, also supplies
outlet port 2 1 3
 The cavity in the plate 2 4
connects outlet port 4 to
1 3
exhaust port 3
 When operated the plate
swings to connect port 2 2 3 4 1
to exhaust 3 and 1 to 4
Plate Valves
 Have no sliding synthetic  Versions 4/2 and 4/3 with
rubber seals detented centre position
 The rotary slide (red) is  Part movement of lever
ground flat with the base will give flow control
 Pressure supplied at port
1 pushes the plate down 2 4
to seal, also supplies
outlet port 2 1 3
 The cavity in the plate 2 4
connects outlet port 4 to
1 3
exhaust port 3
 When operated the plate
swings to connect port 2 2 3 4 1
to exhaust 3 and 1 to 4
Pressure Switch (pneumatic)
 Relay to boost weak 2
12 10
signals
 Relay for a pneumatic 3 1
time delay
2
 When the signal at port 12 12 10
reaches about 50% of the
3 1
supply pressure at port 1,
the pressure switch
operates to give a strong
output signal at 2
 For time delays at any
pressure only the linear
12 10
part of the curve will be
used giving smooth 3 1
adjustment
Pressure Switches
 Pressure applied at port 1 2
12 10
acting on the differential
annular areas holds the 3 1
spool to the left
 The weak or slowly rising
pressure of a signal
applied to port 12 needs
only to reach about 50% 3
of he pressure at port 1 to
operate the valve 12 1 2
 Port 1 is then connected
to port 2
 Removing the signal
allows the differential
force to reset the valve
Pressure Switches
 Pressure applied at port 1 2
12 10
acting on the differential
annular areas holds the 3 1
spool to the left
 The weak or slowly rising
pressure of a signal
applied to port 12 needs
only to reach about 50% 3
of he pressure at port 1 to
operate the valve 12 1 2
 Port 1 is then connected
to port 2
 Removing the signal
allows the differential
force to reset the valve
Pressure Switches (electrical)
 This fixed value example
uses a built in single Fixed
acting cylinder to operate
a standard changeover Adjustable
microswitch
 The operating pressure is
about 3 bar this needs to
overcome the combined
force of the cylinder and
microswitch springs
 Adjustable pressure
switches are also
available
Logic “OR” Shuttle Valve
2
 An air signal given to
either the left hand port 1 2 1 1
or the right hand port 1
will result in an output at
port 2
 The sealing disc moves
across to seal the 1 1
exhaust signal line to 2
prevent loss of signal
pressure
1 1
Logic “AND” Shuttle Valve
2 2
 A single air signal at
either of the ports 1 will 1 1 1 1
cause the shuttle to move ISO 1219-1 Popular old
and block the signal symbol symbol
 If a signals are applied at
2 2
both the left hand AND
right hand ports 1 only
one of them will be 1 1 1 1
blocked the other will be 2 2
given as an output at port
2
1 1 1 1
 If the pressures are not
equal the one with the
lowest pressure is
switched
Flow Regulation
 By the use of flow
regulators the outstroke
speed and instroke speed
of a piston rod can be
independently adjusted
 Speed is regulated by
controlling the flow of air
to exhaust
 The front port regulator
controls the outstroke
speed and the rear port
regulator controls the
instroke speed
Flow Regulator
 Uni-directional, line
mounted adjustable flow
regulator
 Free flow in one
direction
 Adjustable restricted
flow in the other
direction
Flow Regulator
 Uni-directional, line
mounted adjustable flow
regulator
 Free flow in one
direction
 Adjustable restricted
flow in the other
direction
Banjo Flow Regulator
 Designed to fit directly in
to cylinder ports, so
placing adjustment at the
appropriate cylinder end
 Two types:
 One to give conventional
flow restriction out of
the cylinder and free
flow in (as illustrated)
 The other type to give
restricted flow in to the
cylinder and free flow
out (not illustrated)
Quick Exhaust Valve
 In some applications
cylinder speed can be
increased by 50% when
using a quick exhaust
valve
 When operated, air from
the front of the cylinder
exhausts directly through
the quick exhaust valve
 The faster exhaust gives
a lower back pressure in
the cylinder therefore a
higher pressure
differential to drive out
the piston rod
Quick Exhaust Valve
 Port 2 is connected
2
directly to the end cover 1
of a cylinder
 Port 1 receives air from
the control valve 2
 Air flows past the lips of
the seal to drive the
cylinder
 When the control valve is
exhausted, the seal flips
to the right opening the 1
large direct flow path
 Air is exhausted very
rapidly from the cylinder
for increased speed
Quick Exhaust Valve
 Port 2 is connected
2
directly to the end cover 1
of a cylinder
 Port 1 receives air from
the control valve 2
 Air flows past the lips of
the seal to drive the
cylinder
 When the control valve is
exhausted, the seal flips
to the right opening the 1
large direct flow path
 Air is exhausted very
rapidly from the cylinder
for increased speed
Valve Flow
Flow through valves
 Valve flow performance is usually indicated by a flow
factor of some kind, such as “C”, “b”, “Cv”, “Kv”. Also
orifice sizes “A” and “S” or by flow values I/min. and m3/h.
 Testing a valve to ISO 6358, results in performance values
of “C” (conductance) and “b” (critical pressure ratio)
 For a range of steady source
pressures P1 the pressure
P2 is plotted against varying
flow through the valve until P1 P2
it reaches a maximum
 The result is a set of curves
showing the flow
characteristics
of the valve
Valve Flow
 From these curves the critical pressure ratio “b” can be
found. “b” represents the ratio of P2 to P1 at which the flow
velocity goes sonic. Also the conductance “C”at this point
which represents the flow “dm³/ second / bar absolute”
0.5 Critical pressure ratio b = 0.15
Conductance
Flow 0.4
C= 0.062 dm/s/bar a
dm3/s
For the horizontal part
free 0.3
of the curve only
air
0.2
P1 is the zero
0.1
flow point for
0 each curve
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Downstream Pressure P2 bar gauge
Valve Flow
 If a set of curves are not available but the conductance
and critical pressure ratio are known the value of flow for
any pressure drop can be calculated using this formulae
2
P2
-b
P1
Q = C P1 1-
1-b
Where :
P1 = upstream pressure bar a
P2 = downstream pressure bar a
C = conductance dm3/s/bar a
b = critical pressure ratio
Q = flow dm3/s
Example calculation
 Calculation of flow through a Nugget 120 valve supplied
with 8 bar. A pressure drop of 1.5 bar is acceptable.
The conductance and critical pressure ratios for the valve
are C = 4.92 and b = 0.23
2
(6.5+1)
- 0.23
(8+1)
Q = 4.92 . (8+1) 1-
1 - 0.23
Q = 27.45 l/s or 1647 l/min

Guide to Valve Size and Flow
 This graph gives a guide to the to flow range appropriate
to different valve sizes
 Port size alone can only be a rough guide, individual valve
types will vary according to design
 The flow values indicated by the vertical lines are
at P1 = 6 bar, with 1bar pressure drop
R1
R3/ 4
Valve R /2
1
size R /8
3
R1/ 4
R1/ 8
M5
250 1250 2500 4250 6000 10000

750
Flow l/min
Pressures and Temperatures
 The working pressures  Operating temperature is
for valves generally can usually controlled by the
range from vacuum to 16 limits of the seal material
bar  The standard range is
 The majority of from 5 to 80OC ambient
applications work at up to  For solenoids due to heat
10 bar generation 5 to 50OC
 Solenoid pilot operated  For special low
valves with integral temperature applications
supplies can work down down to -20OC but the air
to about 1.5 bar. Below must be dried to this
this external pilot dewpoint to prevent ice
supplies are required formation
Filtration and Lubrication
 Valves should be  If the air carries additional
supplied with clean dry lubrication from a micro-
air with or without fog lubricator the normal
lubrication life of the valve will be
 Water droplets and solid extended
particle removal using a  If air is process dried to a
standard 40µ filter will very low dewpoint
normally be sufficient lubrication is necessary
 Valves are greased when  For extreme high or low
manufactured, this alone operating temperatures
will give a long lifetime to lubrication is necessary
the seals and valve bore
Solenoid Valves
 Solenoid valves are
electro-pneumatic relays
 The state of an electrical
input controls the state of
a pneumatic output
 Solenoid valves are the
interface between
electronic control
systems and pneumatic
power
 Types are:
Direct acting
Pilot operated
Proportional
Direct Acting Solenoid Valves
 Used for: Nugget 30
Signal generation and
processing
Control of small bore
single acting cylinders Excel 15
 Single station sub-base
mounted
 Multi-station sub-base
mounted Excel 22
 Integrated to larger valves
to become solenoid pilot
operated valves
 15, 22, 32 represent the Excel 32
mm width of the valve
Principle of operation
 The double poppet 3 2
armature is held by a
spring against the inlet 3 1
orifice sealing the supply

at port 1
to exhaust port 3
 When the coil is
energised the armature is
pulled up closing the
exhaust orifice and
connecting the supply 2 1
port 1 to the outlet port 2
Principle of operation
 The double poppet 3 2
armature is held by a
spring against the inlet 3 1
orifice sealing the supply

at port 1
to exhaust port 3
 When the coil is
energised the armature is
pulled up closing the
exhaust orifice and
connecting the supply 2 1
port 1 to the outlet port 2
Manual Override
 To test during set up or 3 2
maintenance without
energising the coil 3 1
 In position 0 the armature

is in the normal closed
position
 Turning the cam with a
screwdriver to position 1
lifts the armature to 0 1
operate the valve
 Important to return to
position 0 before the 2 1
machine is restarted
Manual Override
 To test during set up or 3 2
maintenance without
energising the coil 3 1
 In position 0 the armature

is in the normal closed
position
 Turning the cam with a
screwdriver to position 1
lifts the armature to 0 1
operate the valve
 Important to return to
position 0 before the 2 1
machine is restarted
Direct Acting Solenoid Valves
 The design is a balance  The desire for low
between quantity of air electrical power for direct
flow (orifice diameter) interface with PLC’s and
and electrical power other electronic devices
consumed makes this design of
 The higher the air flow, valve ideal
the larger the inlet orifice  The range offers a variety
 The larger the orifice, the of orifice sizes and
stronger the spring electrical power ratings
 The stronger the spring,  This design is used alone
the greater the power of and as an integrated pilot
the magnetic field to operate larger valves
 The greater the field, the
higher the electrical
power consumption
Cable Entry
 To provide a choice of
cable entry orientation,
the coil can be fixed in
90O alternative positions
and the plug housing in
180O alternative positions
Interchangeable Coils
 A solenoid valve is  100% E.D. The coil can be
designed to work with energised continuously
both AC and DC
 A coil of any voltage AC 12V dc
or DC of the same power 24V dc
can be fitted or 24V 50/60 Hz
48V 50/60 Hz
exchanged on the same
110/120V 50/60 Hz
stem 220/240V 50/60 Hz
 Important. Low and high
power coils cannot be
exchanged. The orifice
diameter and spring
strength must match the
coil power
Flow and Power Rating
 To help identify the
solenoid valve body, the
orifice diameter is marked
in the position shown 1.6
 12V dc
24V dc
24V 50/60 Hz
48V 50/60 Hz
110/120V 50/60 Hz
220/240V 50/60 Hz 1.6
1
 2W = 1.0mm orifice diameter 0
6W = 1.6mm orifice diameter

8VA = 1.6mm orifice diameter
DC Coils
 When a DC coil is
switched on, about 85% Armature pull in
of the power is developed W
before the armature can
be pulled in
Armature drop out
 Little power is needed to
hold it in, the rest of the Time ms
power is given off as heat
 Coils fitted with power
W
saving circuitry detect
armature movement and
chop the power level
 Power supply units can
Time ms
be smaller and running
temperatures lower
AC Coils (inrush power)
 AC solenoids are given a
power rating with two
values e.g. 4/2.5 VA
 4 VA is the inrush power
VA
which lasts for a few
milliseconds while the
armature pulls in
 2.5 VA is the continuing
holding power Time ms
Inrush Power
 An AC coil has  On initial switch-on a
impedance which is higher current will flow
mainly a combination of until the armature is
resistance and inductive pulled in, then the
reactance, because of magnetic circuit is fully
this the pure resistance is made and the higher
lower than a DC coil of impedance controls the
equivalent power power to the designed
 The inductive reactance level
will be low before the  If many AC solenoids are
armature is pulled in switched at the same time
because the magnetic ensure the power supply
circuit is incomplete and is large enough
less efficient
Unsuppressed Coils
 At the moment a coil is N S
switched off, the -1000V OV

collapsing magnetic field +24 V
induces current trying to
keep it energised. This is
seen as high negative
voltage at the switch
 If a reed switch is used a
series of arcs across the +24 V OV
opening contacts will
-1000V
weld them together PNP
 If a solid state switch is
used the semiconductor
is destroyed
Suppression
 If the ends of the coil N S
were connected at the

moment of switch off, the +24 V OV
induced current would
flow around the coil at
low voltage fading to zero
in about 200 milliseconds
 For DC this is achieved
automatically by fitting a
diode across the coil
+24 V OV
 A diode allows current to PNP
flow in one direction only
and needs just 1.5V
potential difference
Voltage Dependent Resistor
 For AC coils a diode will  Current is blocked when
short circuit the coil is energised as
 A VDR is connected the threshold is above the
across the coil and working voltage
works with AC and DC in  On switch off, the
either direction induced voltage will rise
 When the voltage across above the threshold and
a VDR is below a given flow around the coil and
threshold there is high VDR at that value untill it
resistance preventing fades
VDR
current flow.
 For voltage above the
AC/DC
threshold the resistance
is low allowing current
flow
Power On Indication
 Visual indication of the
on/off state of a coil is
useful for monitoring, and
fault finding
 This feature can be
included in the plug R
housing as an LED or a
LED Coi LED
neon lamp l
 For retro-fitting, a LEG
(light emitting gasket) can
replace the normal gasket Rectifier
fitted between the plug

Zenner
and coil
 Zenner suppression
Explosion Proof Solenoids
 For use in hazardous
environments e.g.
explosive fumes or dust,
where sparks could could
set of an explosion
 Complies with EN50014
and EN50028
 Classification EEx m ll T6
and EEx m ll T4
 Fits to valves and bases
with a standard 22 mm
solenoid interface
Nugget 120 Series
Nugget 120 series
 Slim compact light weight
valve for high density
installation
 High flow
 Wide range of mounting
options
 Single in line sub-base
side or rear entry
 Fixed length manifolds
 Modular sub-base single
unit expandable Fixed length 6 station manifold
 Valve Island with single and double solenoids
 Fieldbus Valve Islands
Sub-bases
 In line sub-base with side
ports, outlets in base or
valve body top
 In line sub-base with
bottom ports, outlets in
base or valve body top
 Fixed length manifold in
1,2,4,6,8,10,&12 station
sizes. Outlets in valve
body top
 All with choice of gasket
for integral solenoid
supply from single or twin
supply arrangements
Modular Sub-bases
 Modular sub-base
expandable in single
units
 Outlets in sub-base side
or valve top
 Options for Single, dual,
three, four, five and twin
pressure supply options
 5/2 and 5/3 valves
 Integral solenoid supply
 Manifolded external
solenoid supply
 Manifolded solenoid
exhausts
Valve Island
 All of the advantages of
the modular sub-base
system, plus solenoids
pre-wired to multipole
connector
 Indicator lamps for each
solenoid
 Built in suppression
 Diagnostic indication on
armature pull-in
Valve Island showing round
 Power saving once the
multipole connector for solenoids
armature has pulled in
 Round IP65, D-sub IP40
or conduit connection
Fieldbus Valve Island
 Valve island with the
solenoids pre-wired to a
Fieldbus interface module
of your choice
 Up to 16 solenoids
ANYBUS
 Open systems REMOTE VALVE DRIVER
 Device-Net
 Interbus-S POWER
RUNNING
 Profibus FMS
 Profibus DP
 AS-Interface
 Closed systems
 Sysmac (Omron)
 JETWay-R (Jetter)
Nugget 120 Pilot Solenoid
 Internal pilot supply and exhaust ducted to the main valve
body for connection to a sub base
 The armature pushes the legs of the poppet to hold the
exhaust seat open. It closes when the armature is pulled in
Nugget 120 Pilot Solenoid
 Internal pilot supply and exhaust ducted to the main valve
body for connection to a sub base
 The armature pushes the legs of the poppet to hold the
exhaust seat open. It closes when the armature is pulled in
Valve Body Sealing Face
 This view under the valve Solenoid Pilot Solenoid Pilot
body shows the ducts for Exhaust (end 14) Supply (end 12)
solenoid supply and
exhausts
 By selecting the 5 4 1 2 3
appropriate gasket the
solenoids can be
integrally supplied for
conventional or twin Solenoid Pilot Solenoid Pilot
supply arrangements Supply (end 14) Exhaust (end 12)
 Also there are gaskets for
Hole for gasket
external solenoid supply
location peg
when the pressures to the
valves main ports are
unsuitable
Functional Valve Gaskets
 For Fixed Length and
Single Station Sub-bases
 Internal pilot supply
5 4 1 2 3
(grey gasket type Y) Air
at port 1 channeled to
supply both solenoid
pilots. Supplied with
Fixed Length Manifolds
and Single Sub-bases
 Twin supply (yellow
gasket type Z) Air at port 5 4 1 2 3
5 channeled to supply
both solenoid pilots.
Supplied with Twin
Supply Valves
Functional Valve Gaskets
 For Modular Sub-base
 Internal pilot supply
(black gasket type W) Air
at port 1 channeled to 5 4 1 2 3
supply both solenoid
pilot valves. Supplied
with all internal pilot
supply valves
 External pilot supply
(red gasket type X) Air
supplied to an external 5 4 1 2 3
pilot port in the sub-
base channeled to both
solenoid pilot valves.
Supplied with all
external pilot supply
Valve Applications
 Twin supplies to a 5 port
valve are connected to
ports 3 and 5, these can
be used to instroke and
outstroke a cylinder at
different pressures
 Port 1 is used as a
4 2
common exhaust
14 12
 On fixed length and
single station sub-bases
5 1 3
the yellow gasket will
duct port 5 to the
solenoid pilots
Valve Applications
 For twin supply
applications where the
source pressures are too
low to operate the valve,
independent external pilot
supplies are required
 For modular sub- base
4 2
systems and single
14 12
station sub-bases this is
a standard feature
5 1 3
 For fixed length
manifolds there are
special independent
external pilot ported
blocks (see next slide)
Nugget 120 External Pilot
 Independent external pilot supply for use on fixed length
manifolds
 The integral feed from the gasket is blocked
End

Pneumatic Valves: For Precision and Control

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Pneumatic Valves: For Precision and Control

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Pneumatic Valves

For precision and control

Click the section to advance directly to it

Switch Emergency Key Key Plunger Roller

One Way Air Pilot Solenoid

Standard 5/2 spool

All ports blocked 5/3

Open to exhaust 5/3

Open to pressure 5/3

restrictor in the piston

restrictor in the piston

Q = 27.45 l/s or 1647 l/min

250 1250 2500 4250 6000 10000

orifice sealing the supply

orifice sealing the supply

 In position 0 the armature

 In position 0 the armature

6W = 1.6mm orifice diameter

switched off, the -1000V OV

were connected at the

fitted between the plug

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