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Nursing As Caring: A Model of Transforming Practice Anne Boykin & Savina Schoenhofer

Boykin and Schoenhofer developed the Nursing as Caring theory, which views nursing as nurturing people who are living, caring for others, and growing in their ability to care. The theory is grounded in the idea that caring is a fundamental part of human existence. It defines key concepts like personhood as living grounded in caring, and caring between as the relationship that develops between nurse and patient through intentional caring acts. The theory has influenced nursing practice, education, research and administration by focusing them on nurturing caring relationships.

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226 views2 pages

Nursing As Caring: A Model of Transforming Practice Anne Boykin & Savina Schoenhofer

Boykin and Schoenhofer developed the Nursing as Caring theory, which views nursing as nurturing people who are living, caring for others, and growing in their ability to care. The theory is grounded in the idea that caring is a fundamental part of human existence. It defines key concepts like personhood as living grounded in caring, and caring between as the relationship that develops between nurse and patient through intentional caring acts. The theory has influenced nursing practice, education, research and administration by focusing them on nurturing caring relationships.

Uploaded by

Jerome Clark Cid
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Nursing as Caring: A Model of Transforming Practice

Anne Boykin & Savina Schoenhofer


HISTORY OF THE THEORY

Theoretical sources:
 Boykin and Schoenhofer's Nursing as Caring began when they both recognized
the importance and human necessity continuing to develop ideas toward a
comprehensive conceptual framework.
 They both conceptualize the focus of nursing as "nurturing persons living, caring
and growing in caring".
 Their theory is grounded in caring that led Boykin and Schoenhofer to
conceptualize the focus of nursing as caring.
 Grew up in Kaukauna,Wisconsin
 The eldest of six children
 Graduated from Alverno College in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (1996)
 Received her Master's Degree from Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, and
her Doctorate from Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee.
 Married to Steve Staudenmeyer, and they have four children
 Dean and Professor of the Christine E. Lynn College of nursing at Florida Atlantic
University.
 Director of the Christine E. Lynn Center for caring
 Her book, Living a Caring-Based Program (1994)
 (co-authored with Schoenhofer), Nursing as Caring: A Model for Transforming
Practice (1993-2001)
 Born in Kansas.
 The second child and the eldest daughter in a family of nine children
 Initial nursing study was completed at Wichita State University
 Completed a PhD in educational foundation and administration at Kansas State
University in 1993
 She has daughter, Carrie, and a grand-daughter, Emma

DEFINITION OF TERMINOLOGIES

Personhood - is the universal human call.


Caring - is the altruistic active
expression of love and the intentional and embodied recognition of value and
connectedness.
Caring between - the loving relation into which nurse and nursed enter and co-created
by living the intention to care.
Knowing self and other as caring - gaining self awareness of how you care.
Growing in caring - developing your caring capacity is a lifelong process. every
situation and season is an opportunity for growth.
Grounded in caring - making caring the essence of your personhood.

METAPARADIGMS

NURSING- nurturing persons living caring and growing in caring


HEALTH- a well-being state of a person.
PERSON- illuminated as living grounded in caring.
ENVIRONMENT- defines situationally to any context that is influenced by the client.

APPLICATION

To Nursing Practice: The focus of nursing ... is person as living in caring and growing
in care. Nursing practice has been influenced by this idea.
To Nursing Administration: Nursing profession has sub specialties and administration
is one of the area. All activities under nursing administration are concerned for creating,
maintaining and supporting an environment which calls for nursing.
To Nursing Education: In teaching nursing, teachers guide students to know,
appreciate and celebrate both self and others as caring persons.
To Nursing Research & Development: The caring theory influenced nursing
researcher and developer to explore and illuminate the patterns of caring personality.

ASSUMPTIONS

1.persons are caring by virtue of their humanness


2. persons live their caring moment to moment
3. persons are whole or complete in the moment
4. personhood is living life grounded in caring
5. personhood is enhanced through participating in nurturing relationships with caring
others
6. nursing is both a discipline and a profession

CRITICS

 Caring Theory is a grand nursing theory that can be used as a framework to


guide nursing practice.
 The focus on caring abilities of a nurse is a primary strength which was given
emphasis on the theory of Nursing as Caring.
 The assumptions presented by Boykin and Schoenhofer sounds analytical and
acceptable. In addition, concepts and explanations are concise and easily
understandable.
 There are limited explanations regarding the concepts of a person, man,
environment and nursing.
 The incompatibility of nursing process to this theory may be considered a
limitation since all of us are using the nursing process in our profession.
 Theory is highly applicable, useful and much effective if used together with other
theories.
 Development of emotional attachment to patients might be a weakness of this
theory.
 This theory can be used not only by nurses but by everyone who cares.
 As a grand theory of Nursing as Caring, another major strength is it can be used
with any other theory regardless of time and place.
 The elements that make a holistic individual whole and complete were not
enumerated.

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