A PROJECT SYNOPSIS

On

Intelligent relay for power system protection

NAME OF PROJECTEES

Mahesh G. Shende
Yogesh O. Kolhe
Harshal B. Maskar
Akhil R. Fulbhoge
Vikas F. Kambalkar

Under The Guidance of

Prof. Manjari Asutkar

ABHA GAIKWAD-PATIL
College of Engineering, Nagpur
NH-7, Mohgaon, Wardha Road, Nagpur – 441 108
SESSION (2018-2019)
 Intelligent relay for power system protection

ABSTRACT :

In any system the protection is most important part, because the reliability of
the system depends on which type of protection is provided in a system a system. In this system
we are using relay because its play vital role in faulty condition. Relays are essential part of the
power system and are responsible to control the over /under voltage, over current, zero voltage
switching and protect the devices from these parameters. The main function of our project to
constantly monitor the parameter to control and protect the device, if it exceeds the value set by
the user, further it sends a tripping signal to the circuit breaker to break the connection and
isolate the fault. All the fault will be convey with the help of wireless communicator using GSM
device.

Introduction :
 Our intelligent system receives the monitoring information from the power
system and initiates the control actions required of the generic units under the
control of the Generic Relay.
 The major problem in transmission and distribution in country like India is
losses and most of the time occurs during uneven requirements.
 Implementation of intelligent systems to protect the power system problems has
been an area of strong research of interest in the past decades.
 Faults sometimes can be very dangerous to the machines being used during
generation, distribution and utilization of electricity.
 Intelligent system should detect fault and generate tripping in less than 1 seconds,
for that we take help of Microcontroller like PIC, CT and PT.
 The application of intelligent systems to power system problems has been an area
of strong research interest in the past decade.

Block Diagram:
DESCRIPTION:

The 230v or 400v AC supply is given to the center-tapped step down transformer which converts
230v ac into 12v dc & the microcontroller work on 5v dc. The potential transformer & current
transformer connected to the supply. The microcontroller gives input for the relay through driver
IC&load connected relay. All the voltage & current of each phase are display by LCD. The GSM
is used for its gives information about fault. At initial condition of fault it convey through SMS if
we are not taking any action then it will operate automatically. The temp sensors sense the temp
and send signal to microcontroller and microcontroller operate relay & relay opens the contact
after normal condition achieved the relay circuit close automatically.
CircuitDiagram:
List of component
 Power Supply:

It Is Used To Give A Constant Power Supply Of

5 Volt To All The Electronics Circuits. In This
We Are Using A Regulator IC Which Converts
A 12v DC To Constant 5 Volt Irrespective Of
Any Fluctuations In Input Voltage Between 6v
To 12v.

DRIVER IC :

As microcontroller is not capable to drive high voltage devices like fan and light directly,
hence we used a relays to switch on/off the devices, but microcontroller gives max. 5v /
20ma at its port output and the relay used is of 12 volt, hence driver IC converts the 5v
signals to 12 volts.

It is used to display all the parameter.

  MICROCONTROLLER:

We Used A PIC Microcontroller To Execute The Number Of Operations. It Is A 8 Bit

Microcontroller Having 32 Kb Flash Rom, 2kb Of EPROM, And 1.2kb Of Ram. It Has 28 Pins,
Out Of Them 25 Pins Are Usable as Digital Input/outputs Well As All the Pins Have Various
Functions like ADC, Comparator, Timers, Etc.

CURRENT TRANSFORMER:

It is a current transducer. This gives a proportionate value of

voltage to the flow of current. PT this gives a proportionate
value of voltage to the flow of voltage with 100% electrical
isolation between high voltage side and low voltage side.

 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER :

This gives a proportionate value of voltage to the flow of voltage

with 100% electrical isolation between high voltage side and low
voltage side.

RELAY:

Relays are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically or electronically. Relays
control one electrical circuit by opening and closing contacts in another circuit. As relay
diagrams show, when a relay contact is normally open, there is an open contact when the relay is
not energized. When a relay contact is normally closed, there is a closed contact when the relay
is not energized. In either case, applying electrical current to the contacts will change their state.
Future Scope:
 With increasing requirements on utility electrical systems for improvements in efficiency,
reliability, and quality of service, along with significant technology.

 Development toward increased processing speeds and memory storage, there has been an
increased impetus to research applications of intelligent systems in protection
engineering.

References:

1. Priti T. Indurkar Student, Electrical Department, DES’s COET Dhamangaon Rly, India.
&S. J. Tikhe Assistant Professor, Electrical Department, DES’s COET Dhamangaon Rly,
India.INTELLIGENT RELAY FOR POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION
Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies (JNCET)
Volume 8, Issue 3, March (2018)

2. Anil Kumar Reddy. K, Sirisha. S.,‖A ZVS DC-DC CONVERTER WITH SPECIFIC
VOLTAGE GAIN FOR INVERTER OPERATIONUSED FOR 3-PHASE INDUCTION
MOTOR OPERATION‖ International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 2, Issue 8, August 2013

3. Hewiston, L., Brown, M., &Balakrishnan, R. (2004). Practical power system

protection.Access Online via Elesevier.

4. I.T. Monseth and P.H.Robinson, Relay system ,McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York 1935

5. J.Lewis Blackburn, (Protective Relaying ) Third edition,chapter 1.

6. Mohammad lufti Bin Othman,Optimal Co-ordination of Overcurent Realay in Power

System Protection,vol.64,No.4;Apr 2014

7. Peter Hasse, Overvoltage Protection for low Voltage System

8. Priti T. Indurkar Student, Electrical Department, DES’s COET Dhamangaon Rly, India.
INTELLIGENT RELAY FOR POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION(JNCET) volume 8,
March 2018.

Project Guide HOD (EE Dept.)

( Prof. Manjari Asutkar) (Prof.Abhijit Singare)