Software Engineering

- Sahil Kohli, Trainer

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SOFTWARE & ENGINEERING
• SOFTWARE • ENGINEERING
Software is more than just a Engineering on the other hand, is all
program code. A program is an about developing products, using
executable code, which serves some well-defined, scientific principles
computational purpose. Software is and methods.
considered to be collection of
executable programming code,
associated libraries and
documentations. Software, when
made for a specific requirement is
called Software Product.

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Definitions
Software Engineering is an engineering branch associated with development of
software product using well-defined scientific principles, methods and procedures.
The outcome of software engineering is an efficient and reliable software product.

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IEEE defines Software
Engineering as:
1. The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the
development, operation and maintenance of software; that is, the application
of engineering to software.
2. The study of approaches as in the above statement.

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Fritz Bauer, a German computer
scientist, defines Software
Engineering as:
Software Engineering is the establishment and use of sound engineering principles
in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and work efficiently on real
machines.

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Software Evolution
The process of developing a software product using software engineering principles
and methods is referred to as Software Evolution. This includes the initial
development of software and its maintenance and updates, till desired software
product is developed, which satisfies the expected requirements.

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Software Evolution Laws
Lehman has given laws for software evolution. He divided the software
into three different categories:
• S-type (Static-type)
• P-type (Practical-type)
• E-type (Embedded-type)

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E-Type Software Evolution
Lehman has given eight laws for E-Type software evolution:-
• Continuing Change
• Increasing Complexity
• Conservation of Familiarity
• Continuing Growth
• Reducing Quality
• Feedback Systems
• Self-Regulation
• Organizational Stability

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Software Paradigms
• Programming Paradigm is a
subset of Software Design
Paradigm which is further a
subset of Software Development
Paradigm.

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Software Development Paradigm
This Paradigm is known as software
engineering paradigms where all the
engineering concepts pertaining to
the development of software are
applied. It includes various
researches and requirement
gathering which helps the software
product to build. It consists of –
• Requirement Gathering
• Software Design
• Programming

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Software Design Paradigm
This paradigm is a part of
Software Development and
includes –
• Design
• Maintenance
• Programming

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Programming Paradigm
This paradigm is related closely to
programming aspect of software
development. This includes –
• Coding
• Testing
• Integration

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Need of Software Engineering
The need of Software Engineering • Large Software
arises because of higher rate of • Scalability
change in user requirements and
environment on which the • Cost
software is working. • Dynamic Nature
• Quality Management

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Characteristics of Good Software
The Software must satisfy on the
following grounds:
• Operational
• Transitional
• Maintenance

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Operational
This tells us how well software works in operations. It can be measured
on:
• Budget
• Usability
• Efficiency
• Correctness
• Functionality
• Dependability
• Security
• Safety

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Transitional
This aspect is important when the software is moved from one
platform to another:
• Portability
• Interoperability
• Reusability
• Adaptability

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Maintenance
This aspect briefs about how well a software has the capabilities to
maintain itself in the ever-changing environment:
• Modularity
• Maintainability
• Flexibility
• Scalability

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Conclusion
In short, Software Engineering is a branch of Computer Science, which uses well-
defined engineering concepts required to produce efficient, durable, scalable, in-
budget and on-time software products.

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THANK YOU

Sahil Kohli, Trainer