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Measurement and Calibration of Tachometer

The document discusses the measurement and calibration of a tachometer. A tachometer is a device that measures rotational shaft speed by generating a voltage proportional to speed. It is constructed as a generator or tachogenerator. By measuring the tachogenerator's output voltage, the shaft speed can be determined. An observation table and graph are used to calibrate the tachometer against actual shaft speeds.

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HimanshuKalbandhe
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84 views3 pages

Measurement and Calibration of Tachometer

The document discusses the measurement and calibration of a tachometer. A tachometer is a device that measures rotational shaft speed by generating a voltage proportional to speed. It is constructed as a generator or tachogenerator. By measuring the tachogenerator's output voltage, the shaft speed can be determined. An observation table and graph are used to calibrate the tachometer against actual shaft speeds.

Uploaded by

HimanshuKalbandhe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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5

Measurement and calibration


of Tachometer
Aim: Measurement and calibration of tachometer.
 Apparatus: i) tachometer ii) Rotating shaft

Definition:
 Tachometer: A tachometer is a device used to measure the rotating speed of a shaft.

Construction and working:


A tachometer is a device capable of producing electrical power from mechanical energy,
usually the turning of a shaft .When not connected to a load resistance; generator will
generate voltage roughly proportional to shaft speed. With precise construction & design
generators can be built to produce very precise voltages for certain ranges of shaft speeds,
thus making them well –suited as measurement devices for shaft speed in mechanical
equipment. A generator specially designed & constructed for this use is called a
tachometer or tachogenerator. Often the world “tach” (pronounced “tack”) is used rather
than the whole word.

By measuring the voltage produced by a tachogenerator, you can easily determine the
rotational speed of whatever it’s mechanically attached to. One of the more common
voltage signal ranges used with tachogenerator is 0 to 10 volt scale. Obviously
tachogenerator cannot produce voltage when it’s not running; the zero cannot be “live” in
this signal standard. Tachogenerator can be purchased with different “full scale” (10 volt)
speeds for different applications. Although a voltage divider could theoretically be used
with a tachogenerator to extend the measurable speed range in the 0-10 volt scale, it is
not advisable to significantly over speed a precision instrument like this, or its life will be
shortened.

Tachogenerator can also indicate the direction of rotation by the polarity of the output
voltage. When a permanent-magnet style DC generator’s rotational direction is reversed,
the polarity of its output voltage will switch. In measurement & control systems where
directional indication is needed, tachogenerator provide an easy way to determine that.
Tachogenerator are frequently used to measure the speeds of electric motor, engines &
the equipment they power, conveyor belts, machine tools, mixers, fans, etc.
Observation Table:
Actual Shaft Speed Tachometer Reading

Graphical representation:

1200

1000

800
tachometer reading

600

400

200

0
200 400 600 800 1000
Shaft speed

Conclusion:
Response of system is linear but error increases for higher speed readings.

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