Chapter 2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

This chapter discusses both the foreign and local review of related

literature and studies that are relevant to the proposed study. This

chapter covers literary works and on-going or past research studies

that give significant information.

Review of Related Literature

This section presents both foreign and local related literatures that

are relevant to the study, literary works are used as a basis for

information to verify the details of the proposed system. It can also

provide information that the proponents can use to further improve

their study. Included in this section are citations from articles or books

from different sources that are relevant to the study.

Foreign

According to the Entertainment Software Association Games:

Improving Education;

“Researchers have found that video games

have real potential as next-generation

learning tools. Games use new technologies

to incorporate principles crucial to human

cognitive learning. (2012)”

new things and playing video games can improve one’s learning

capacity. It can also be a teaching tool

According to Margaret R. from an article in whatIs.com;

“Maya is an animation and modeling

program used to create three-dimensional (

3-D ), full-motion effects. Maya incorporates

the natural laws of physics to control the

behavior of virtual objects in computer

animation. (2015)"

Based on the statement above, Maya Software can easily execute a

complicated or nearly impossible realistic effects. Working in Maya

increases once productivity. It can also be used not just in animations

but also for television commercials, advertisements, manufacturing etc.

According to the book: "Learning C# by Developing Games”

published by Terry N., it was said that;

“C# is a well-known and a heavily used

programming language developed by

Microsoft for creating Windows application

and web-based applications. (2013)”

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 The statement from the book said that C# is widely known and is

used to create Windows client applications and other web-based

applications, XML web services, distributed components, client server

applications etc. It also provides an advanced code editor, convenient

user interface designers, integrated debugger, and many other tools to

make it easier to develop applications.

According to Nickolas V. from 3DS Max Design Review, he stated

that;

"If you are looking to make video games,

animations, renders, graphic design,

anything 3D related at all. 3ds max is a

excellent answer! (2017)”

3DS Max is program that helps the animators to imagine in 3D realm. It

gives the users more idea on creating an advanced graphic design that

looks like real.

According to Vildan D., in his article entitled "The use of social

networks in educational computer-game based foreign language

learning" he stated that;

“Individuals spend much time on games in

order to get rid of the boredom of their daily

lives. With the introduction of computers into

our lives, computer based games and after,

internet based games, have started to be

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 used widely in order our lives be much more

exciting and interesting. (2010)”

People nowadays are being distracted by the new technologies that

keeps us busy, especially games, It draws the attention of people and

makes them to forget time and just focus on the game, but by playing

games you can also learn things and enhances your logical and critical

thinking.

Local

According to Mitch A. in an article entitled “Why Philippine game

development industry needs more artists and storytellers?” He stated

that;

““Game development is not all about programming. In fact, there are

Playing games excites individual due to its story and how it is played,
most people enjoy playing games because they are entertained at the
same time they are learning from it.

Based from an article entitled “Developing an Educational

Augmented Reality Game on the Battle of Mactan Using the Intel

Perceptual Computing” by Aaron A.O., he said that;

“Studies into video games as an educational

tool were made as a way to improve their

potency in delivering content to

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 learners. (2014)“

The article states that playing video games has more influence in

delivering what the game is giving you, since video games has more

impact, people can easily absorb and understand what the game is all

about.

In an article from Rappler entitled “Video games adversely affect

children’s brains”, it was stated that;

“A lot of children in the Philippines and

worldwide are crazy about video game play

(VGP). Some parents even encourage it

with the belief that it can increase their

children’s dexterity and could even improve

their IQ. (2016)”

The article tells that most children plays video games, And some of

their parents are believing that it can increase their children's learning

capacity.

In an article from the Philippine Star entitled “Mobile devices

enhance learning among pre-schoolers, study shows” stated that;

“Mobile devices like computer tablets have

enhanced the learning experience for pre-

school pupils at Culiat Elementary School,

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 leading to higher level of interest and

comprehension among the kids. (2013)”

Kids nowadays are more addicted to gadgets and it stated in the

article above that kids has much interested in studying through mobile

devices.

From an article entitled “Smartphone use in PH seen rising to 70%”

from the Inquirer by Miguel R.C., she stated that;

“Filipino game developers are well-versed in

different kinds of art, allowing them to do

outsourced game development for foreign

companies, in addition to creating original

games, (2015)”

Because Filipinos are creative, it allows them to make good and

original games, other countries do not notice how good Filipino game

developers are which makes them underrated.

Review of Related Studies

This section presents both the Foreign and Local related studies that

the proponents reviewed. It includes similar revisions concerning the

existing system and the proposed system. The proponents reviewed

some articles, unpublished thesis, proposals and other related studies

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that can help further improve and develop their proposed system and

support the foundation of their system.

Foreign

As stated in an article entitled “A systematic literature review of

games-based learning empirical evidence in primary education” by

Thomas H.,Thomas C., Elizabeth B., Amanda W., Aisya R., They

stated that;

“Games-based Learning (GBL) has

developed a reputation with educationalists

it is perceived as a potentially engaging form

of supplementary learning that could

enhance the educational process and has

been used at all levels of education

including primary, secondary and tertiary

education. (2016)”

The statement above explains that the Game-based Learning is more

effective and efficient in educational processes, and is being used at all

levels of education.

An article entitled “Can Video Games Make Kids Healthier?” by

Yale F., Kimberly H., Jennifer E., Deepa C., Yale School of Medicine,

states that;

“Electronic games are a promising tool for

educating people and changing behavior.

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 While the first wave of interactive

educational games relied on what some call

the “chocolate-covered broccoli” model,

where the narrative was interrupted by

tedious, poorly constructed tasks that

proceeded like homework, the new trend is

to integrate learning and fun. One of our

primary goals is that more researchers and

funding sources will emerge to take on the

task of developing and rigorously testing

evidence-based electronic games to find the

best ways to encourage healthy behaviors

among young people.(2017)”

As stated in the article above, video games have the potential to serve

as a valuable tool in educating students. Making game more

interesting can give them the fun at first glance, in a way children will

understand that learning is entertaining

According an article entitled “That's Edutainment” by Randy W., he

stated that;

“The idea that learning can be fun, and fun

can promote learning, is transforming

attractions that once saw themselves as

primarily either education- or entertainment-

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 oriented. It's even spawned a new word:

edutainment. (2003)”

The statement above promotes that learning can be fun and it is also

entertaining to learn new things. Edutainment is used because it

delivers educational content in an entertaining format.

According to a blog “7 studies that prove game-based learning really

works” by Stephanie C., she stated that;

“In this sense, it became apparent that video

games would not replace the teaching of

core content, but could be used as a tool to

reinforce concepts and skills. (2017) Heins

wrote”

The research above states that being taught in school is still

essential and must not be replaced, video games will only serve as a

tool for learning and enhancing the skills of the students.

Based from an article "Edutainment: An interactive method of

learning or an entertaining concept?” by Lisa;

“Through edutainment, individual and

collective curiosity can be stimulated.

(2012)”

Playing games gives an individual curiosity on how will the game

turns out, more and more people getting addicted, because they want

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to know what happens next, how the story goes and so on, adding

education in gaming is more exciting as long as the gameplay would

get their attention and excitement.

Local

According to the research entitled “HiStorya: a Game Based Mobile

Learning Application” by Zeus J.P.M., Ritzman S., Christian J.G. and

Saturnina N., They stated that;

“To motivate students to learn Araling

Panlipunan and

facilitate learning for them even if they are

on-the-go or outside the school, HiStorya, a

game-based

mobile learning application was designed,

developed, and tested. (2015)”

This study states that historical gameplay within the country is still

working and this study gives the proponents the courage and more

patience to work on more interesting, entertaining and educating

game.

According to the research that is entitled "Implementation of a

digital game-based learning environment for elementary Education" by

Ceferino G.R., Jason A., Reynaldo T. and Rowel A., they stated that;

“Computer games are exciting, fast-paced,

compelling, and rewarding compared to

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 school where students think of it as slow and

boring. They are also more appealing to

students compared to classroom-based

strategies and provide an ideal learning

environment for students. (2012)”

Based on the statement above, going to school is boring and thinks of

it as a boring thing to do, they do not find the classroom based

teaching method appealing that's why their attention are on different

things, compared to computer games, they find it more interesting

because they find it more entertaining and it is fast paced.

According to an article entitled "The gamification of education: Why

playing is the future of learning" by Michael L., He wrote that;

““When lessons are delivered in a game-like manner – that is,

interactive, challenging, with instantaneous feedback – students easily

remember them, Ambrozowicz said (2012)”

The article stated that by being challenged and a game like type of

lessons is more appealing and much easier to understand by the

students. More likely, people nowadays wants to be tested and try to

focus more when they are being challenged.

Another line from the first article “The gamification of education:

Why playing is the future of learning” stated that;

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 “By giving students a sense of achievement

(through exciting rewards and recognition),

students will be encouraged to learn and

progress more (2012)”

The statement above tells that students nowadays find themselves to

be more boosted and more competitive by gaining achievements and

getting rewards.

Based on an article entitle "The effects of computer games to

Filipino children" Bryan V., he stated that

"I believe that the rise of information leads to

the rise of knowledge, and that is good for

the economy, but it has also its downside.

Thousands or even millions of my fellow

young men were hooked up in computer

games and online games. Lots of time were

wasted and lots of money were invested in

vain. (2012)"

According to the article above, most of

the children are hooked up playing and

wasting time in online games which gives

the proponents more idea, instead of playing

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 games that are irrelevant and non-educating

games, why not spend their time in playing

and learning at the same time in a

reasonable way

Synthesis

From the different literature and studies that the proponents have

gathered, they were able to understand the importance of the

proposed system and Game-based learning affects the way of a new

teaching and how it helps the students enhance their thinking skills.

The idea of Game-based learning (GBL) is much favorable and more

effective especially in today's time, students and kids who love to play

games will experience learning at the same time being entertained.

The different researches also proved how the video games affect

the lives of the people today, they were more attracted to their gadgets

and keeps them busy when in front of them.

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