Data Management Exam Review

Answer Section

SHORT ANSWER

1. ANS:
Score Tally Frequency
4 | 1
5 ||| 3
6 || 2
7 ||| 3
8 |||| | 6
9 || 2
10 ||| 3

2. Class intervals spanning 30–60 g would be appropriate.

3.Percentage in category A =

Frequency of category A = 0.15 × 1500 = 225

The frequency of category A is 225 people.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 1.1 Visual Displays of Data

4. ANS:
The sample size may be too small, or the regression line might not be valid for extrapolating outside of the
data values.

REF: Communication OBJ: 1.4 Trends Using Technology

5. ANS:
The 600-g box clearly seems much larger than twice the size of the 300-g box, and yet the weight is only
twice as great.

REF: Communication OBJ: 1.5 The Power of Data - Media

6. ANS:
The variable is discrete.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 2.2 Characteristics of Data

7. ANS:
This is an example of a longitudinal study.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 2.2 Characteristics of Data

8. ANS:
Alfredo’s final mark is 73.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 3.2 Measures of Central Tendency

 9. ANS:
The modal interval is 170–179.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 3.2 Measures of Central Tendency

10. ANS:
The interquartile range of the sizes of computer files is 15 kB.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 3.3 Measures of Spread

11. ANS:
The number of students with a score higher than Ravi’s is 120.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 3.5 Applying the Normal Distribution: Z-Scores
12. ANS:

The value of is .

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 4.2 Theoretical Probability

13. ANS:

The probability that the band is North American is .

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 4.4 Conditional Probability

14. ANS:

Sum Probability
2 0.0625
3 0.125
4 0.1875
5 0.25
6 0.1875
7 0.125
8 0.0625
REF: Communication OBJ: 5.1 Probability Distributions and Expected Value
PROBLEM

15. ANS:
Median = 23.5
Median of Lower Half = 20
Median of Upper Half = 26
Min Value = 15
Max Value = 32
 REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 1.1 Visual Displays of Data

16. ANS:
When trying to draw conclusions for a large population, it is important to have a relatively large sample size
because individuals with specific qualities are not necessarily evenly distributed throughout the population.
For example, an individual class might not be representative of all students in a school, and a larger sample of
students from many different classes should be used.

REF: Communication OBJ: 1.2 Conclusions and Issues

17. ANS:

Following rainy days, 10 days had rain and 40 did not, so there was a or 20% chance of rain.

Following sunny days, 40 days had rain and 160 did not, so there was also a or 20% chance of rain.

Therefore, there is the same chance of rain regardless of the previous day’s weather.

REF: Thinking/Inquiry/PS OBJ: 1.2 Conclusions and Issues

18. ANS:

Interpolating from the line of best fit, we would estimate a science mark of 58%.

REF: Application OBJ: 1.3 The Power of Visualizing Data

19. ANS:
a)

b)

The estimated cost of gasoline in 2010 is 72.1 cents/L

c) The change can be made more dramatic by altering the vertical scale.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: Chapter 1 Prob

LOC: ST4.04 TOP: The Power of Information
20. ANS:

REF: Application OBJ: Chapter 1 Prob LOC: DMV.01

21. ANS:
It would be best carried out by giving the vaccine to a sample of children. Then the development of the illness
can be compared in the vaccinated sample to the rest of the population. In addition, any side effects of the
vaccine can be recorded.

REF: Application OBJ: 2.2 Characteristics of Data LOC: STV.01

22. ANS:
Bias exists because question a) suggests an answer for question b). The bias can be removed by asking
question b) first.

REF: Application OBJ: 2.5 Avoiding Bias LOC: ST1.02, ST1.03, ST5.02

23. ANS:
The steps in computing the variance are:
a) squaring the quantities ( )
b) finding the sum of those squares
c) dividing this sum by n

The squares of real numbers are non-negative and the sum of non-negative numbers is non-negative. The
number n is positive and the quotient of a non-negative number divided by a positive number is non-negative.

REF: Communication OBJ: 3.3 Measures of Spread

24. ANS:
The mean and median need the data to have properties of numbers to be evaluated, for example, the capacity
to be added and divided, and order. The mode can be evaluated with any type of data since only frequency is
required.

REF: Communication OBJ: Chapter 3 Prob

25. ANS:
Let be the event of answering two or more questions correctly.
= {(question 1 correct, question 2 correct),
(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 4), (1, 2, 3),(1, 2, 4), (1, 3, 4), (2, 3, 4), (1, 2, 3, 4)}
Therefore, .

REF: Application OBJ: 4.2 Theoretical Probability LOC: CP1.08, CP2.01, CP2.03, CP2.06
26. ANS:
This will occur if you want to find the probability of an event which can happen in more ways than it cannot.
Instead of spending the time to count the number of ways this event can happen, it is easier to count the
number of ways it cannot happen. In other words, the number of ways its complement can happen. Then, the

probability of the complement can be found using , and the probability of the event can be

found using .

REF: Communication OBJ: 4.2 Theoretical Probability

27. ANS:
P(scoring at least once)

or P(scoring at least once)

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 4.5 Probability Using Diagrams

28. ANS:

REF: Thinking/Inquiry/PS OBJ: 4.6 Permutations and Probability

29. ANS:
Number of ways is P(6,4) = 180.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: Chapter 4 Prob

30. ANS:

Therefore, the odds of both events occurring is 11:89.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: Chapter 4 Prob

31. ANS:
P(Sharon is the leader and Tom prepares materials)

REF: Application OBJ: Chapter 4 Prob

32. ANS:

X P(X) X P(X) X P(X)

2 7 12

3 8 13

4 9 14

5 10 15

6 11 16

The total probability for both the even and the odd sums is . Either event is equally likely.

REF: Knowledge and Understanding OBJ: 5.1 Probability Distributions and Expected Value
LOC: CP2.03 TOP: Probability Distributions and Predictions