Ibuprofen

Brand Name(s): Motrin, Advil

Common Indications/Uses:
 FEVER:
o Check how they measured temp (shouldn’t eat/drink b4 measuring)
o Above 100 is a fever, dangerous if above 106 (adults) over 100 (infants
o Send to doc if last more than 3 days or 1 day for 2yrs old
 history of febrile seizures
o Recommend to drink lots of water/get rest/slightly warm bath
 PAIN/HEADACHE
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
o MECHANISM: reduces synth of prostaglandins
o ONSET: reduces temp in 2 hrs; reduces inflammation in 30-60 min
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 6mo-12yrs 5-10 mg/kg by mouth every 6-8 hrs (max 4 doses/day)
 Over 12yrs 200-400 mg by mouth every 4-6 hrs (max 1200 mg/day)
o Take with a meal to prevent GI probs
o Don’t take with Aspirin
o Don’t take if history of ulcers, bleeding, heart disease, kidney problems
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
 COMMON: Heartburn, upset stomach/bleeding, rashes/itching
 SERIOUS: Bleeding, Ulcers
Commercially available strengths:
 TABLET: 200 mg
 SUSPENSION: 100/5, 50/1.25, 40 mg/mL
 CAPSULE: 200mg
 CHEWABLE TAB: 50, 100 mg
Pregnancy and Lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: Present in breast milk, may be used in postpartum women who wish to breastfeed and if
needed for postpartum pain, ibuprofen is the preferred agent
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Protect from light
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Omeprazole
Brand Name(s): Prilosec
Common Indications/Uses: Heartburn
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
 Mechanism of action: proton pump inhibitor; suppresses gastric basal and stimulated acid secretion
by inhibiting the parietal cell H+/K+ ATP pump.
 Onset: approximately 1 hr.
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Heartburn: Oral: 20 mg once daily for 14 days; treatment may be repeated after 4 months if needed.
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
  Patient may experience headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or flatulence (the accumulation of gas in
the alimentary canal.)
Commercially available strengths:
 OTC- 20 mg tablets
Storage:
 Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); protect from moisture.
Pregnancy and lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Omeprazole is present in breast milk. Breastfeeding is considered acceptable when the RID(relative
infant dose) is <10%
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 Take missed dose as soon as think about
 If close to next dose, skip missed dose then return to normal taking time
 Do not take 2 doses or extra dose

Acetaminophen
Brand Name(s): Tylenol
Common Indications/Uses: ease pain and fever.
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset): analgesic effects are believed to be due to activation of
descending serotonergic inhibitory pathways in the CNS. Onset: <1 hour
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Adult: 650 mg (1 to 2 of 325 mg tablet) every 4 to 6 hours, with a max of 3250 mg in 24 hours.
 Younger than 12: weight based of 10 to 15 kg/mg every 4 to 6 hours, no more than 5 doses or 4 g/day.
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious): upset stomach or throwing up, headache, constipation,
Commercially available strengths:
 Immediate release: 325 mg tablets,
 Extra Strength: 500 mg tablets
 Extended release: 650 mg tablet
 Children’s: 125mg/ 5 ml
Pregnancy and Lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: found in breast milk, adverse reactions have generally not been observed in nursing infants
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 In original container, keep lid tightly closed
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Bengay
Generic Name: NA
Common Indications/Uses: topical means to temporarily alleviate muscle aches and pains
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Adult 12 and up: apply topically to affected area up to 3 to 4 times daily
 Under 12: ask doctor
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious): skin irritation, burning, redness, signs of allergic reaction
Commercially available strengths:
 Patch: Methyl salicylate 10% and menthol 1.5%
 Cream: Methyl salicylate 30%, menthol 10%, camphor 4%
Pregnancy and lactation:
 Pregnancy: do not use, contact dr.
 Lactation: small amount of drug absorbed systemically, risk of Reye’s Syn
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Cetirizine
Brand Name(s): Zyrtec
Common Indications/Uses :Allergic Rhinitis (hay fever) and Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria (hives).
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
 Mechanism: Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract with antihistamine effect in the blood and then after 24
hours gets excreted in the urine.
 Onest: with peak plasma concentration achieved in about 1 hour
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Take it orally with or without food;
 1-10 mg tablet once in 24 hours;
 if you miss a dose skip it.
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious): Somnolence(drowsiness), fatigue, dry mouth, insomnia.
 Do not take if had allergic reactions to antihistamines before.
Commercially available strengths:
 Capsules 10 mg
 Solution 5mg/5mL
 Tablets 5mg, 10 mg.
Pregnancy and lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category B. animal studies fail to demonstrate risk to fetus, no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: present in breast milk, drowsiness and irritably reported in infants exposed to
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Fluticasone
Brand Name(s): Flonase
Common Indications/Uses: Rhinitis- inflamed mucous membrane in nose (allergic and nonallergic)
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset): corticosteroid which inhibits chemicals (prostaglandins
and leukotrienes for example) that lead to inflammation in the mucous membrane.
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
Shake the bottle gently before using. Blow nose prior to application. Gently instill 1-2 sprays in each nostril
every day as needed. (Max of 2 sprays in each nostril per day 200 mcg/day)
 Store at room temp.
 May clean tip with warm water
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
 Nasal irritation/burning
 Nose bleed
 Headache
 Allergic reactions (swelling of nose and throat)
Commercially available strengths:
 Nasal Spray: 27.5 mcg/spray
 Nasal Spray: 50 mcg/spray
Pregnancy and lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: not known if sufficient quantity absorbed
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Protect from light , heat and cold
 Store upright with cap on
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Famotidine
Brand Name(s): Pepcid
Common Indications/Uses: Gastric ulcer, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Heartburn (OTC only),
Pathological hypersecretory conditions.
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset): Competitive inhibition of histamine at H2 receptors of the
gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion.
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 To relieve symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water.
 To prevent symptoms, swallow 1 tablet with a glass of water 60 minutes before eating food or drinking
beverage.
 Do not use more than 2 tablets in 24 hours.
 Children under 12 years: ask a doctor
 Store at room temperature and protect from moisture.
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
 Chest pain or shoulder pain with shortness of breath
 Heartburn with lightheadedness, sweating, or dizziness.
 Stomach pain
 Nausea and vomiting
 Unexplained weight loss
 Frequent wheezing
Commercially available strengths:10mg, 20mg, 40mg tablets
Pregnancy and Lactation
 Pregnaqncy: Category B. Animal studies fail to demonstrate risk to fetus, no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: Is found in breast milk, but usually in low enough doses to not matter.
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Dextromethorphan
Brand Name(s): Robitussin/Delsym
Common Indications/Uses: Cough suppressant
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
 Mechanism: Decreases the sensitivity of cough receptors and interrupts cough impulse transmission
by depressing the medullary cough centers through sigma receptor stimulation: structurally related to
codeine.
 Onset: 15 to 30 minutes
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Shake well before use
 Adults: 10 ml every 12 hours. (do not exceed 20 ml in 24 hrs.)
 Children 6 to 12 years: 5 ml every 12 hours (do not exceed 10 ml in 24 hrs.)
 Children 4 to 6: 2.5 ml every 12 hours (DNE 5 ml in 24 hrs.)
 Can be taken with or without food, however it can cause upset stomach without food.
 Drink copious amounts of non-caffeinated drinks, generally water, when taking this medication.
 Measure correctly, ask pharmacist for measuring device if you do not have some.
 Store at room temperature
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
 Dizziness
 Nervousness
 Restlessness
 Gastrointestinal distress
 Nausea
 Stomach pain
Commercially available strengths:
 7.5mg/5ml, 10mg/5ml, 12.5mg/5ml, 15mg/5ml for regular
 Extended release 30mg/5ml (this is what the product we can pick from is)
Pregnancy and lactation:
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: data not available to make recommendations
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If taking on regular basis, take missed dose as soon as remember
 If close to next dose time, skip missed dose and go back to normal time
 Do not take 2 doses at same time or extra dose

Guaifenesen
Brand Name(s):Mucinex
Common Indications/Uses: Cough (expectorant)- helps loosen phlegm (mucus) and thin bronchial secretion
to make coughs more productive
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
 Mechanism
 o expectorant by increasing the effective hydration of the respiratory tract, facilitating its removal
by natural clearance processes.
o Guaifenesin inhibits cough reflex sensitivity with upper respiratory tract infections
 Onset:
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 Adult dosage
o Liquid- 200 to 400 mg every 4 hours as needed (maximum: 2,400/24 hours)
o Each 5 ml teaspoonful contains Guaifenesin 100mg
 Child dosage just in case
o Children 2 years to <4 years: Limited data available: 50 to 100 mg every 4 hours as needed;
maximum: 600 mg/24 hours (Kliegman, 2007)
o Children 4 years to <6 years: 50 to 100 mg every 4 hours as needed; maximum: 600 mg/24 hours
o Children 6 years to <12 years: 100 to 200 mg every 4 hours as needed; maximum: 1,200 mg/24
hours
 Administer with large quantity of fluid to ensure proper action
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious):
 Use for a max of 7 days, or accompanied by fever, rash, or persistent headache
 CNS- dizziness, drowsiness, headache
 Dermatologic- skin rash
 GI- Nausea, stomach pain, vomiting
Commercially available strengths:
 Each 5 ml teaspoonful contains Guaifenesin 100mg
 Robafen: 100 mg/5 mL (118 mL, 473 mL) [contains alcohol, usp; cherry flavor]
 Robitussin Chest Congestion: 100 mg/5 mL (118 mL [DSC], 237 mL [DSC]) [alcohol free; contains fd&c
red #40, saccharin sodium, sodium benzoate]
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Protect from light do not regrigerate
Pregnancy and lactation
 Pregnancy: Category C. Animal studies show adverse effect on fetus but no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation: presence in breast milk unknown, if contains alcohol should be avoided
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 If dose is missed go ahead and take it as soon as you remember if it is still the same day if the days
dose is missed then skip that dose and resume on original days dose

Diphenhydramine
Generic Name: Benadryl
Common Indications/Uses: Allergy, hay fever relief, Temporary relieves symptoms of common cold.
How does this drug work (mechanism and onset):
 Mechanism: Competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells in the gastrointestinal
tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract; anticholinergic and sedative effects are also seen
 Onset: time to peak about 2 hours.
How to administer the drug/additional advice for administration:
 For adults: 1 to 2 tablets. Take every 4 to 6 hours. No more than 6 pills in 24 hours.
 For 12 and under: 1 tablet. Take every 4 to 6 hours. No more than 6 pills in 24 hours.
 For insomnia, take 30 minutes before bedtime.
 For motion sickness, take 30 minutes prior to exposure.
Common side effects (4-6 most likely or serious): May cause CNS depression, which may impair
physical/mental abilities. Chest tightness, blurred vision, anaphylactic shock, tachycardia or hypotension may
occur.
Commercially available strengths:
 Capsule: 25 mg, 50 mg
 Oral Elixer: 12.5 mg/5 mL
  Oral Liquid: 6.25 mg/mL, 12.5 mg/ 5 mL, 50 mg/30 mL
 Injection Solution: 50 mg/mL
 Oral Strips: 12.5 mg
 Oral Syrup: 12.5 mg/5 mL
 Tablet: 25mg, 50 mg
 Chewable tablet: 12.5 mg
Pregnancy and lactation

 Pregnancy: Category B. Animal studies fail to demonstrate risk to fetus, no adequate studies in
humans
 Lactation present in breast milk, drowsiness and irritably reported in infants exposed to
Storage
 at room temperature at 15-30°C (59°F to 86°F).
 Protect from light
 Dry place, not in bathroom
Action to be taken if the patient misses a dose
 Drug taken on a as needed basis, do not take more often than told by doctor