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    Conceptual Data Modeling

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    charles
    An entity-relationship (ER) diagram illustrates the relationships between entities in a database using boxes for entities, diamonds for relationships, and ovals for attributes. Entities represent things that exist independently, relationships capture how entities relate to each other, and attributes describe characteristics of entities and relationships. Cardinality specifies the number of instances one entity relates to another entity, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many relationships.

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    Conceptual Data Modeling

    Uploaded by

    charles
    16 views2 pages
    An entity-relationship (ER) diagram illustrates the relationships between entities in a database using boxes for entities, diamonds for relationships, and ovals for attributes. Entities represent things that exist independently, relationships capture how entities relate to each other, and attributes describe characteristics of entities and relationships. Cardinality specifies the number of instances one entity relates to another entity, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many relationships.

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    Conceptual Data Modeling

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    An entity-relationship (ER) diagram illustrates the relationships between entities in a database using boxes for entities, diamonds for relationships, and ovals for attributes. Entities represent things that exist independently, relationships capture how entities relate to each other, and attributes describe characteristics of entities and relationships. Cardinality specifies the number of instances one entity relates to another entity, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Conceptual Data Modeling

    Uploaded by

    charles
    An entity-relationship (ER) diagram illustrates the relationships between entities in a database using boxes for entities, diamonds for relationships, and ovals for attributes. Entities represent things that exist independently, relationships capture how entities relate to each other, and attributes describe characteristics of entities and relationships. Cardinality specifies the number of instances one entity relates to another entity, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, or many-to-many relationships.

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    CONCEPTUAL DATA MODELING

    Entity-relationship (ER) diagram

    An entity-relationship (ER) diagram is a specialized graphic that illustrates the relationships


    between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different
    types of information. Boxes are commonly used to represent entities. Diamonds are normally
    used to represent relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes.

    ERD elements

    1. Entity is something that has a distinct, separate existence which is recognized as being
    capable of an independent existence and which can be uniquely identified. entity may be
    a physical object such as a house or a car, an event such as a house sale or a car
    service, or a concept such as a customer transaction or order. Entities can be thought of
    as nouns. Examples: a computer, an employee, a song, a mathematical theorem.

    2. Relationship captures how two or more entities are related to one another.
    Relationships can be thought of as verbs, linking two or more nouns. Examples: an owns
    relationship between a company and a computer, a supervises relationship between an
    employee and a department, a performs relationship between an artist and a song, a
    proved relationship between a mathematician and a theorem.

    3. Attributes are the characteristics properties of Entities and relationships .

    Cardinality

    Cardinality specifies how many instances of an entity relate to one instance of another
    entity.Ordinality is also closely linked to cardinality. While cardinality specifies the occurences of
    a relationship, ordinality describes the relationship as either mandatory or optional. In other
    words, cardinality specifies the maximum number of relationships and ordinality specifies the
    absolute minimum number of relationships.

    Cardinality

    1. One-to-one: An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B, and an entity in B


    is associated with at most one entity in A.
    2. One-to-many: An entity in A is associated with any number in B. An entity in B is
    associated with at most one entity in A.

    Many-to-one: An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B. An entity in B is


    associated with any number in A.

    3. Many-to-many: Entities in A and B are associated with any number from each other.

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