Jesalie A.

Sotelo - BSNED-1

Mathematics in Modern World Picking 02 - MTH 3:30pm - 5:00pm

POLYGONS

WHAT IS POLYGONS?

A polygon is any 2-dimensional shape formed with straight lines. Triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, and
hexagons are all examples of polygons. The name tells you how many sides the shape has. For example, a triangle
has three sides, and a quadrilateral has four sides. So, any shape that can be drawn by connecting three straight
lines is called a triangle, and any shape that can be drawn by connecting four straight lines is called a quadrilateral.

All of these shapes are polygons. Notice how all the shapes are drawn above with only straight lines. This is what
makes a polygon. If the shape had curves or didn't fully connect, then it can't be called a polygon. The orange shape
is still a polygon even if it looks like it has an arrow. All the sides are straight, and they all connect. The orange
shape has 11 sides.
Kinds of Polygons

Simple or Complex: A simple and a complex polygon has one boundary only. simple polygons don’t cross each
other but the complex intersects by itself.

Simple polygon complex polygon

Concave or Convex: A convex polygon has no internal angles and they will not be more than 180°. If
the internal angles are more than 180° then it is called as concave.

concave convex

Regular and irregular polygon: The regular polygon contains all the shapes and the angles are equal and in
irregular it is not equal.

regular polygon irregular polygon

1. Equiangular polygon: In this polygon, all the corner angles in it are equal in its length and its measurements.

2. Cyclic polygon: In this polygon, all the corners of the polygon lie on a single circle plane.

3. Equilateral polygon: In this equilateral polygon, all the edges are having the same length.

Triangle: is a 3 sided figure and the sum of the triangles will be 180 degrees.

Quadrilateral: is a four sided figure and the sum of the angles will be 360 degrees

Pentagon: is a five sided figure and all the sides are having different lengths in its
measurement

Hexagon: consists of six sides and it is a type of polygon

Heptagon: is a type of polygon consists of seven sides and seven vertices.

Octagon: is containing 8 sides are equal and the internal angles are 135 degrees.

Nonagon: contains 9 sides and the angles are equal.

Decagon: consists of ten sides and the angles are equal

n-gon (n- sides)

Includes the general term for a polygon with n number of sides. Polygons aren't limited to the
common ones we know but can get pretty complex and have as many sides as are needed. They can have 4 sides,
44 sides, or even 444 sides. The names would be 4-gon, or quadrilateral, 44-gon, and 444-gon, respectively. An 11-
sided shape can be called an 11-gon.

Example on Polygon

Ques: Identify the set that shows the polygons arranged in the decreasing order of number of sides.

Choices: A. Octagon, hexagon, pentagon, and quadrilateral

C. Quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon, and octagon

D. Hexagon, pentagon, quadrilateral, and octagon

Correct Answer: A

Solution:

Step 1: The number of sides of quadrilateral, hexagon, pentagon, and octagon are 4, 6, 5 and 8 respectively.

Step 2: Decreasing order means arranging from the greatest to the least.

Step 3: The decreasing order of the polygons with respect to the number of sides is octagon 8, hexagon 6, pentagon
5, and quadrilateral 4.

What I Learned?

I learned that a polygon is a closed plane figure with three or more sides that are all straight. Some examples of
polygons are triangles, octagon and etc. A circle is not a polygon as it does not have straight sides. Polygons are
named according to the number of sides. Lots of problems in real life and in geometry actually based on polygons.
We can represent them using polygons. The triangle, for instance, is often used in construction because its shape
makes it comparatively strong. The use of the polygon shape reduces the quantity of materials needed to make a
structure, so essentially reduces costs and maximizes profits in a business environment. There are many, many
polygons used in real life. Square-like shapes are often used for uniformity, they are easy to pattern with. Same
with diamonds or rectangles. Shapes like trapeziums with a wide base and a narrower top, are used for construction
or building. Shapes such as rhombuses or other irregular quadrilaterals are used for design to make things look
good, add something the eye notices because it is not uniform. Another polygon is the rectangle. The rectangle is
used in a number of applications, due to the fact our field of vision broadly consists of a rectangle shape. For
instance, most televisions are rectangles to allow for easy and comfortable viewing. The same can be said for photo
frames and mobile phones screens.

References:

http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/polygon.html

https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/polygons.html

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-polygon-definition-shapes-angles.html