Curved Lines BUSANA2 - Chapter 1, Part 1

Three concepts to be discussed:

1. Analytic Geometry - the study of geometry using a coordinate system and
the principles of algebra and analysis

Introduction
 Three concepts to be discussed:
1.Analytic Geometry – divided to linear curves and non linear curves
and their applications:
–Demand Functions
–Supply Functions

Introduction –Market Equilibrium Point

–Break-even Analysis
–Product Transformation Curves
 Calculus is the
mathematical study of
change, in the same way
that geometry is the
study of shape and
algebra is the study of
What is operations and their
application to solving
calculus? equations.
 Three concepts to be discussed:
2. Differential Calculus - a subfield of calculus concerned
with the study of the rates at which quantities change

Introduction
 Introduction
Three concepts to be discussed:
2. Differential Calculus – applied to marginal analysis and
optimization problems

Introduction
 Introduction
Three concepts to be discussed:
3. Integral Calculus - Integration is a way of adding slices to
find the whole.
Applications:

• Marginal
Analysis
• Consumers’
Surplus
• Producers’
Surplus
Analytic geometry
Linear Curves
 – Slope is a measure of the steepness of a line.
– Types:

Slope Zero
Description and Types

Negative
Positive Undefined
or
No Slope
 – FORMULA

SLOPE

y2 - y1
m=
x2 - x1
 Linear Curves

SLOPE
 – Slope of a line
Find the slope of the line joining each of the
following pairs of points:
PRACTICE 1. (3,5) and (2,1)
2. (2,4) and (5,-2)
3. (4,1) and (4,3)
4. (2,3) and (-1,3)
 The Equation of a Line
Three Forms of an Equation of a Line
Slope-Intercept Form:
This form is useful for graphing, as the slope and the y-intercept
are readily visible.

Point-Slope Form:
The point-slope form allows you to use ANY point, together
with the slope, to form the equation of the line.

Standard Form:
Note: A, B, and C cannot be fractions or decimals.
 The Equation of a Line
Slope-Intercept Form– requires the y-intercept and the slope
of the line.

m = slope of line b = y-intercept

•
y = mx + b
6
y =- x+2
5 •
 The Equation of a Line
Slope-Intercept Form– requires the y-intercept and the slope
of the line.

m = slope of line b = y-intercept

y = mx + b

2 •
y = x-4 •
3
 The Equation of a Line
Slope-Intercept Form– requires the y-intercept and the slope
of the line.
m = slope of line b = y-intercept

y = mx + b
•
3
y = x -3
2 •
 The Equation of a Line
Slope-Intercept Form– requires the y-intercept and the slope
of the line.
m = slope of line b = y-intercept
•
y = mx + b •
3
y = x+4
4
 The Equation of a Line
Write an equation of a line given the slope and the y-intercept.
y = mx + b

9
m= y - intercept = - 2
11
7
m=- y - intercept = 5
3

21 æ 3ö
m= ç 0, - ÷
13 è 4ø
 The Equation of a Line
Point-Slope Form – requires the coordinates of a point on the
line and the slope of the line.

y - y1 = m ( x - x1 )
•
•
 The Equation of a Line
Point-Slope Form – requires the coordinates of a point on the
line and the slope of the line.

y - y1 = m ( x - x1 )
•
•
 The Equation of a Line
Point-Slope Form – requires the coordinates of a point on the
line and the slope of the line.

y - y1 = m ( x - x1 )

•
 The Equation of a Line
Writing an Equation Given Two Points
1. Calculate the slope of the line.
2. Select the form of the equation.
a. Standard form Ax + By = C
b. Slope-intercept form y = mx + b
c. Point-slope form y - y1 = m ( x - x1 )
3. Substitute and/or solve for the selected form.
 The Equation of a Line
Writing an Equation Given Two Points
Given the two ordered pairs, write the equation of the line
using all three forms.
(1,3) ( 5, -2 )
The Equation of a Line
Solving Problems
 1. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of 5 and passes through the point (-9,6)
2. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of 4 and a y-intercept of 8.
Practice 1 3. Find the equation of the line that passes
through the points (4, 7) and (-2, 6)
4. Find the slope of the line whose equation is
4y - 8x = 9.
5. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of 6 and passes through the point (-3, 6)
 1. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of 5 and a y-intercept of 8.
2. Find the equation of the line that passes
through the points (12, 9) and (2, 7)
Practice 2 3. Find the slope of the line whose equation is
3y - 7x = 10.
4. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of 7 and passes through the point (-9, 4)
5. Find the equation of the line that has a slope
of -8 and a y-intercept of 12.
 The Equation of a Line
Solving Problems
The pool Entertainment company learned that by pricing
a pool toy at $10, local sales will reach 200 a week.
Lowering the price to $9 will cause sales to rise to 250 a
week.
a. Assume that the relationship between sales price and
number of toys sold is linear. Write an equation that
describes the relationship in slope-intercept form. Use
ordered pairs of the form (sales price, number sold).
b. Predict the weekly sales of the toy if the price is
$7.50.
 The Equation of a Line
Solving Problems
( sales price, number sold )
(10, 200 ) ( 9, 250 )
250 - 200 50
m= m= m = -50
9 - 10 -1
y - 200 = -50 ( x - 10 ) y - 250 = -50 ( x - 9 )
y - 200 = -50 x + 500 y - 250 = -50 x + 450
y = -50 x + 700 y = -50 x + 700
 The Equation of a Line
Solving Problems
( sales price, number sold )
Predict the weekly sales of the toy if the price is $7.50.
x = 7.50
y = -50 x + 700

y = -50 ( 7.50 ) + 700

y = -375 + 700
y = 325 items sold