Unit 1

Present Simple

Form
Affirmative: I work, you work, he/she/it works, we work, etc
Negative: I don't work, you don't work, he/she/it doesn,t work, etc
Interrogative: Do I/you work? Does he/she/it work? Do we work? etc
Yes, I/you do. Yes, heishe/it does. etc
Short Answers:
No,I/you don't. No, he/she/it doesn't. etc

Spelling: 3"d person singular

o Most verbs take -s in the third person singular.
tr drink * hre drinks
o Verbs ending in -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o, take -es.
{ rniss - }re nrisses, { brush * }re Lir*shes. I c*tch - hc canchcs.
i fiN"- he fixes, 1 d* * he dces
o Verbs ending in a consonant * y, drop the -y and take -ies.
I rrY - ]re cries
BUT: { play * l-r* play-s

Pronunciation
-s/-es in the third person singular is pronounced:
o /s/with verbs endingin lf l, lkl, lpl, or /t/ sounds. i;r: w,,;r-lo:
o lizlwithverbs ending in /s/, [], Nl, ldSl or /z/ sounds. he watclies
o lzlwithverbs ending in all other sounds. he leaves
Use
We use the present simple for:
o daily routines. { stai-t lv*ric at nine o'e}ock in the morning.
o repeated actions. Stte u.alks to ivorl< every da,l,.
o habits. They usually g*l tc the park in the afterno*n.
. permanent states. They liv*e in Bristol.
o timetables, itineraries. The bus for Brighton leaves at 3 o'eloek.
o laws of nature. Wati:r b*i{s at l00uc.

Time expressions used with the present simple: every hour/day/week/month/summ erlyeailetc,
usually, always, every morning/afternoon/evening/night, in the morning/afternoon/evening,
at noon, at night, etc.

I FilI in the third person singular form of the verbs below.

1flv 4 kiss 7 lie 10 lose
2 catch 5 stay 8 give 1,1 play
3 miss 6 fix 9 finish t2 dance

4
 Unit 1

2 Look at Tony's room. Then ask and answer questions about his habits and hobbies, as in
the example. 1

ilm

is#ffi&ii

1 Does Tony play baseball? Yes, he does. 6 watch TV in bed?

) he play rugby? 7 have a messy room?
3 he like racing cars? .................. 8 he like fruit?
4 read comic books? 9 go to school?
5 play video games? .. 10 play the piano?

3 Complete the exchanges with the 5 A: Mark

present simple of the verb in brackets. (always/beat) me at chess.
LA: B: Yes.I .............. . (know). He
(your brother/catch) any fish when he (always/win).
......(go) fishing?
A: ........... (they/live) in
B: Yes. He usually
the centre of Naples?
(come) home with a bucket full of fish. B: No, their house ............................. (be)
2A: on the outskirts.
What
(you/usualty/do) at the weekends? 4 Complete thb questions, then answer
B: I sometimes ............. .... (go) them about yourself.
out with friends or I .......... 1 -'.-'.......-.-... you ..........
(stay) in and ;................. (read)
(play) tennis?
a book. ) ............. -............ your friends ......................
How often (go) hiking?
(you/travel) abroad?
... your teacher
B: I ............... (fly) to Paris at least (give) you lots of homework?
twice a month.
. you ..........................
4A What time ......... (go) to school by bus?
(youihave/dinner)?
5 .......you ........ (take)
B: .......... :....... (we/usually I eat)
a shower in the evening?
around 7 o'clock. 6 your friend ..............
(play) the guitar? 5
 Unit 1

Adverbs of Frequency

Adverbs of frequency tell us how often sornething happens. They

are used with the present
simple. They are:
always (100Vo),usually (75Vo),often (50Vo), sometimes (25Vo),seldom/rarely
(I|Vo),never (0%).
Adverbs of frequency usually come before the main verb (drink, work,
leave, etc) but after
auxiliary verbs (have, do, can, will, etc) and the verb to be.
-.:ii:isrl
He always behaves like this"
F{e is always late for rv*rk.
So you sometixnes sfay at hon:le on Saturclay evenings?
Some adverbs of frequency can come at the beginning or
end of a sentence (sometimes, usually, often).
He goes to the park sometimes. British Lruses always run
r:n time.

Complete the table with the missing Ask your partner about his/her habits.
adverbs of frequency. Use adverbs of frequency. TelI the class.

How often do you...?

100% always 25Vo . play in the park . read books/
75% L0% . go cycling magazines
50% 0% never . go swimming o buy a newspaper
. watch TV o do the shopping
Tick the appropriate gap in the . meet your friends . tidy your room
sentences below to indicate the correct . listen to music . cook
position of the adverb of frequency. Tina sometirnes plays in the park. She oftem
Bob ........ goes ........ to the park with his goes cycling.
friends. (sometimes)
4 Rewrite the sentences including the
Do you ........ wake up ........ early in the adverb of frequency, as in the example.
morning ? (usually)
Peter and Kate ........ drive to work ........ 1 You should play with fire. (never)
(never). They ........ catch ........ the eight You should never play with fire.
o'clock bus. (always)
2 Bill and his famity have dinner at around
8 pm. (usually)
It ........ rains ........ in this part of the
country. (often)
I ........ can beat Tom at tennis.
Jane is at home on Sunday morning.
(always)
(never)
They ........ are ........ happy to see us.
(always) I play with my friend Jim at the weekends.
(sometimes)
Paula goes to the theatre.
(rarely)
Sheila ........ has ........ enough money to go
5 My father drives me to school. (often)
out at weekends. (seldom)
6 My parents go out in the evening. (rarely)
6
 Unit 1 I

Present Gontinuous

'esent
l
Form

tjqo). Affirmative: I'm working, you're working, he's/she's/it's working, we're working, etc
after Negative: I'm not working, you aren't working, he/she/it isn't working, etc
IInterrogative: Am I working? Are you working? Is he/she/it working? etc
l__
I

Yes, I am/you are. Yes, he/she/it is. etc

Short Answers:
No,I'm not/you aren't. No, he/she/it isn't. etc

Spelling Use
o Most verbs add -ing after the base form of We use the present continuous for:
the main verb. o actions happening now, at ,r::r
the moment of speaking. ,,,,

l, , ,1,i,'::::: She's eating some pizza

rbits.
: class.
o Verbs ending in -e drop the -e and add n0w.
'ing. o actions happening around
the time of speaking.
Verbs ending in a vowel and a consonant i:e's sfayieg at her aunt's hor,rse illis
double the consonant and add -ing. week"
)aper . ,..,.,.li,,.,, fixed arrangements in the near future,
ping Verbs ending in -ie change the -ie to -y especially when we know the time and the
and add -ing. place.
om
Vy'e're g*ixrg on a picnic tcrfi{r,rrr11,'.
changing situations.
rt fte,-, The Earlh is getting waril:rr.

Time expressions used with the present continuous: now, at the moment, at present, these days,
re
tomorrow, next week, etc.
rple.

L Use the prompts to ask and answer questions, as in the example.

'ound
1 (tennis player/play tennis) (secretary/answer the phone)
(tie his shoelaces) (read amagazine)
.rring. A: What does the tennis ..".i!.
player usually do? iit{t$
-'"'u,,,.,,*qr'rdt
B: FIe ptrays tennis.

.rO* A: What is he doing now?

B: F{e's tying his shoelaces"
(hairdresser/cut hair) (chef/cook food)
I
(drink juice) (talk on the phone)

rely)

1
 Unit I

2 a) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the

* present continuous or the present simple.

Mariella 0) is staying (stay) with her friend Lucy in Dublin at the moment and she
1) ........,....... (really/enjoy) herself. She 2) (take) a course
at Trinity College and 3) . (plan) to be a translator when she finishes. She
4) ................ (be) good at languages; she b) .......... ....... (speak) French and German
and she 6) .............,,. ..... (noVlearn) Chinese. She 7) (find) the language rather
ditficult but she 8) ................ (get) good grades and is sure to pass her exams. Now, she g) .... ,. ,....
(sit) on a bench in the college campus with some classmates. They 10) (talk) about the course
because they 11) (work) on a projecttogether. Later, they 12) (go) into town.

b) Read the text again and find examples of verbs describing:

o actions happening now
o actions happening around the time of speaking
o fixed arrangements in the near future

3 Look at the picture and correct the sentences, as in the example. Use the verbs below.
o read o have o chase o sleep o hold o cry
*#e*@*
{Mr Smith
f Ann-
@

t:::=:-E
H==:

q\

Mr Smith is sleeping. No, he isn't. Mr 4 Mr Harris is reading a newspaper..............

Smith is reading a newspaper.
2 Ann and Sue are playing football. 5 The baby is smiling.

3 Mrs Jones is having a picnic. 6 Bill is holding the baby.

Game
Play in teams. Each team chooses one place and makes a list of what you can do there.
The other team asks questions to find out what the members of the first team are doing.
. kitchen r garden o living room . bedroom
Team A 5L: Are you in the kitchen? Team A 52: Are you washing the dishes?
Team B 51: Yes,I am. Team B 52: No,I'm not.
8
 Unit I I

Stative Verbs

Stative verbs are verbs which do not normally have continuous tenses because they describe a
state rather than an action. Some of them are: have (= possess), like, love, hate, want, know,
rge rather remember, forget, understand, think, believe, need, smell, see, cost, etc.

'.le c0urse I i-'i,l':il'l."tr)':'i'i,, :'ri: i'r'l'i'::' -----*-f ',,,.i ,.. r.',::..,]-: t.:.l

rnto town.
Some stative verbs have continuous tenses but there is a difference in meaning. Read the
F::@
following examples:
o ilii:.', i.:itr., t, :,:,.1 :,:t:. (= possesses)
5h*'; &;;r'i*g ll;llh r;r-'.. (= is eating)
o i €t:ixl r1:e':', r ',;r'' rll:r;:r ;1:'i. (= believe)

)\*'.
o f'h,; lll:l'e :: s*trii* ::ir;. (= it has a nice smell)
3h* !: tnleliittg ill,.r ii,-lr'*:'" (= she is sniffing)
o ll)* !'ili: s*. ili:l ili:i:: rf ijl ili.ii'.' (= perceive with my eyes)
i";x s**i::g ri'ii.r;l.':r: I,l;: rt.lil-:t'. (= I am meeting)
o 3i;: is r;:ifish. (= that's her character)
::-.:t,, ir l:l'irl{ ,.,.:,lrrll. (= that'S her behaviour at the moment)

(= they appear to be tired)

fi.l,;" ar"i: li;,.tlii:ll .rl :l:; :,,-.':,-r1;:.:, (= they are examining)
'i'i':,.,
i,:l:,-: i,,rii*! t.l,;:,lt:llr:t. (= has a nice flavour)
ii,'t:r :rl l,,l..t i;,lr,iix* i.iri :'..;l.rrtl: (= eat it to try its flavour)

1. Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the present continuous.

1 A: Those flowers smell (smell) lovely. 6 A: Have some of this. It

What are they? (taste) so good.
B: They are orchids. B: You're right. It's delicious!
2A: What (you/Iook) at? 7 A: Would you like to go to the cinema
B: Oh, these are some pictures my sister tonight?
drew. B: I'm afraid I can't.
(see) Michael.
3A: Here! Touch this. It
(feel) so soft. 8A:
B: It's nice, isn't it? (you/understand) how it works?
4A: Do you know that girl over there? B: No, could you show me, please?
B: No, but I ............... .. (think) 9 A: I ......... .... (think)
ne.
she's Spanish. about buying a new car.
ing. B: Oh really? What's wrong with your old
5A: Are you coming tomorrow?
B: Sorry,I can't. I .............. (have) cat?
, lunch with my aunt.

9
 Unit I
2 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, present simple or present continuous.

1 A: What 4 A: (you/have) time to

(yon/think) I should wear to go out to meet me at 12:30 today?
dinner? B: Sorry, I...............
B: Something smart, I guess. I .................... (have) lunch with my boss. Maybe
(think) about wearing a suit. tomorrow.
OK, sure.
2 A: Why .(you/smell)
the milk? Brian told me that he would leave all the
I think .. (itlsmell) documents on my desk, but I ....................
funny. It might have gone off. (noVsee) them.

3 A: You . (look) busy:

(see) him later today so I'11 ask him.
What are you doing?
B: I ......... ... (look) at a
website forwork.

Present Simple vs Present Continuous

Present Simple Present Continuous

daily routines, habits, repeated actions actions happening at the time of speaking
I have breakfast at I am everv rnornins. {'ma Xravixg breakfast at the mornent.

permanent states changing situations

He works for a big company. {t's ge*tixeg colcler as winter approaehes"
timetables, itineraries temporary situations
The bus [eaves at 9" F{e's staying with his friend until he finds a flat
of his own"

Time expressions fixed arrangements in the near future

every houriday/week/month/summ er ly earI etc, He's leavimg for ttre airport in two hours.
usually, always, every morning/ afternoon/
Time expressions
evening/night, in the morning/afternoon/
evening, at noon, at night
now, at the moment, at present, these days,
today, tomorrow, etc

It's 9 o'clock. He is going to

work. He usually starts work at
8, but today he is running late.

10
 Unit 1

ts.
1 Look at the pictures and complete )
a Put the verbs in brackets into the
sentences 1-6. Use the verbs: present simple or the present continuous.
ime to
o bake r write o o watch
Sasha (live) in Russia
o swim o play
but at the moment he
\,faybe (stay) in France.
Fran usually............. (go) to the
cinema with her friends at the weekend
all the but this Saturday they ........
(see) aplay.
rhem. Matthew (catch) the bus
to work in the mornings but today it
t
p .. ....... (snow) very hard so he

4
';;
on
: _:::::l:1"Tff"',iln1'
Sundays but this Sunday she
(visit) her aunt.
5 Fred ....... ..... (think) of going
to Portugal on holiday but he
(hate) flying.
Ben .......... . (finish) work early,
so he
(meet) his friends for coffee this evening.

3 Put the yerbs in brackets into the

ptesent simple or the present continuous.

1 A: Where 1) .............
(you/go) now?
L It's Monday evening. Mrs Brown
a letter. She ..........
B: Shopping.2)
(you/want) anything?
to her friend every week.
A: Yes. I3)
It's Sunday morning. Mrs Jenkins
(need) some envelopes.
biscuits with her son. She usually
biscuits every Sunday morning. 2 A: Hi Jamie. 1) .............
It's Friday and Mr Black ...... golf. (you/wait) for someone?
He usually ............. golf B: No,I2) ...........
at the weekends, but today is a holiday. ' (Iook) for a taxi.
It's 5 o'clock in the afternoon and Jenny A: 3) .............
........ tea. She usually (you/want) me to drive you home?
tea every day after work. Why 1)
It's Saturday morning. Spencer (your father/Iook) so tired?
. He usually .................... at weekends. B: He 2)
It's 8 o'clock in the evening. Jake and Sue (wor$ long hours.
TV. They sometimes What 3) ............. ..... (he/do)?
TV before they go to bed. He is a doctor.
11

i il it illillillt1lililtiltiltil|liltfltflIil
 4 Put the verbs in brackets into the Are you always walking to ollege, or do
present simple or the present continuous. A
you sometimes take the train?
B
Francis comes to work at 9 every day, but
A
today he is being late.
B

Sentence Transformations
6 Complete the second sentence so that it
means the same as the first. Use up to
three wqrds.

She goes to ballet classes on Monday,

Greellnqe lrom ePalri "il"'" t* Thursday and Saturday.
the werther o)
,(o?), :\?^^,^',, She goes to ballet classes three times a
(lie) on fihe beach rlqW
now
1) ..'.'.........."' (drink) an week.
wlNh Susan' *he 2) """""""'."""""""""',"" julce' The
cold oranqe Jake has an appointment with the dentist
enormouo qlaeo ol
(play) ln the waNer on Tuesday.
ch|dren 5) ......."'."""
(wavch) Nhem' Jake .........
and Jane 4) """-''""" a rrert ttmel
we 5) '.......'.""'"""'""" "" " $;d a lovelY room
the dentist on Tuesday.
We 6) @rz4y) in The arrival time of John's train is 2pm.
in a small ni''t nLu' Nhe beach' We John's train ........ 2pm.
(rn up) ta1e dav and
,n ..,.--,.... .. '.'.'.......-- ' .:'"*
moeN ot our Ntme
There is a party at Jackie's house nextweek
. o) ......,.........,"""""""""""''(up'^'a1evenlnq we Jackie
', ounbathln1' ln Nhe atonq the aparty at her house next week.
";':..::..'..::::....."'"' (qo) ror watks
, won-defrul herel
The flowers have a very nice scent.
*"'";';;; bef ore dijner. ws(rook)
,. waNefrrorlt,
torward r'o The flowers .............
,, .:..:'... "....' "" " "
..
very nice.
home'
: Eeelnq you when I qel *&&a-
Jill has a blue dress and a white top on.
:. Love, Jill ........... a blue dress
i, o"wy and a white top.

5 Circle the mistake (A or B), then Speaking

correct it. a) TelI the class about the activities you
We usually going out on Fridays. do at the weekend.
@B b) Bring two pictures of yourself doing
We usually go out on Fridays.
your favourite activities and describe
On most days, Brian is taking the bus to them to the class.
A
work. Today he's going in his car. Writing
B
I travel to Austria tomorrow. My plane You are on holiday. Write a postcard to
A a friend telling him/her about the
leaves at 4:45 pm. activities you are doing now and every
B
day. Use Ex.4 to help you.
L2