STOIKIOMETRI TASK

- Afwan Ta’adin (3335190098)

- Berliana Tristati Putri 3335190094)
- Catur Tegar H. (3335190095)
- Pusparani Wijayanti (3335190065)
- Nurul Ukhdiya Ramadhani (3335160081)
Question 1 :

Calculate the percent composition by mass of each of the elements in sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

Hitung komposisi persen berdasarkan massa masing-masing unsur dalam asam sulfat

Answer :
2 𝑥 1,098
%𝐻 = 98,086
𝑥 100% = 2,055%

1 𝑥 37,07
%𝑆 = 𝑥 100% = 32,695%
98,086

4 𝑥 16
%𝑂 = 𝑥 100% = 65,248%
98,086

Question 2 :

Determine the emperical formula of a compound having the following percent composition by
mass: K: 24.75 percent; Mn: 34.77 percent; O : 40.51 percent.

Tentukan rumus empiris senyawa yang memiliki komposisi persen berikut sebagai massa:

Answer :

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝐾 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑀𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑂

= =
𝑀𝑟 𝐾 𝑀𝑟 𝑀𝑛 𝑀𝑟 𝑂
24,75 34,77 40,51
= =
39,10 54,94 16

0,63 = 0,63 = 2,5

1= 1=4

So, the emperical formula of percent composition by mass K = 24,75% ; Mn = 34,77% ; O =

40,51% is KMnO4

Question 3 :

Peroxyacylnitrate (PAN) is one of the components of smog. It is a copound of C, H, N and O.

Determine the percent composition of oxygen and the emperical formula from the following
percent cmposition by mass : 19,8%C ; 2,05%H ; 11,6%N. What is its molecular formula given
that its molar mass about 120g?
Peroxyacylnitrate (PAN) adalah salah satu komponen dari kabut asap. Ini adalah campuran dari
C, H, N dan O. Tentukan persentase komposisi oksigen dan rumus emperis dari persen komposisi
berikut sebagai massa: 19,8% C; 2,05% H; 11,6% N. Apa rumus molekulnya mengingat massa
molarnya sekitar 120g?

Answer :
19,8 𝑋 120
𝑛𝐶 = = 1,978 ≈ 2
12,01 𝑋 100

2,50 𝑋 120
𝑛𝐻 = = 2,976 ≈ 3
1,008 𝑋 100

11,6 𝑋 120
𝑛𝐶 = = 0,993 ≈ 1
14,01 𝑋 100

𝑂 = 100 − (19,8 + 2,50 + 11,6) = 66,1

66,1 𝑋 120
𝑛𝑂 = = 4,957 ≈ 5
16 𝑋 100

The emperical formula = C2H3NO5 ( Peroxyacylnitrate)

Question 4 :

Methanol (CH3OH) Burns in air accordingg to the equation

Methanol (CH3OH) Terbakar di udara sesuai dengan persamaannya

2𝐶𝐻3𝑂𝐻 + 3𝑂2 → 2𝐶𝑂2 + 4𝐻2 𝑂

If 209 g of methanol are used up in a combustion process, what is the mass of 𝐻2 𝑂 produced?

Jika 209 g metanol digunakan dalam proses pembakaran, berapakah massa H_2 O yang
dihasilkan?

Answer :

2𝐶𝐻3𝑂𝐻 + 3𝑂2 → 2𝐶𝑂2 + 4𝐻2 𝑂

209
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝐻3𝑂𝐻 = = 6,531
32
4
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 𝑂 = 𝑥 6,531 = 13,062
2

𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝐻2 𝑂 = 13,062 𝑥 18 = 235,125

Question 5 :

Balance each of the following redox reaction and classify it as a combination, decomposition, or
displacement reaction:
Seimbangkan masing-masing reaksi redoks berikut dan mengklasifikasikannya sebagai
kombinasi, dekomposisi, atau reaksi perpindahan:

(a) 𝑆𝑏(𝑠) + 𝐶𝑙2 (𝑔) → 𝑆𝑏𝐶𝑙3 (𝑠)

(b) 𝐴𝑠𝐻3 (𝑔) → 𝐴𝑠(𝑠) + 𝐻2 (𝑔)
(c) 𝑀𝑛(𝑠) + 𝐹𝑒(𝑁𝑂3 )3 (𝑎𝑞) → 𝑀𝑛(𝑁𝑂3 )2 (𝑎𝑞) + 𝐹𝑒(𝑠)

Answer :

a. 2𝑆𝑏(𝑠) + 3𝐶𝑙2 (𝑔) → 2𝑆𝑏𝐶𝑙3 (𝑠) (Combination)

b. 2𝐴𝑠𝐻3 (𝑔) → 2𝐴𝑠(𝑠) + 3𝐻2 (𝑔) (Decomposition)
c. 3𝑀𝑛(𝑠) + 2𝐹𝑒(𝑁𝑂3 )3 (𝑎𝑞) → 3𝑀𝑛(𝑁𝑂3 )2 (𝑎𝑞) + 2𝐹𝑒(𝑠) (Displacement reaction)

Question 6 :

Urea [(NH2)2CO] is prepared by reacting ammonia with carbon dioxide:

Urea [(NH2) 2CO] dibuat dengan mereaksikan amonia dengan karbon dioksida:

2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) + 𝐶𝑂2 (𝑔) → (𝑁𝐻2 )2 𝐶𝑂 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑

In one process, 849.2 g of NH3 are treated with 1223 g of CO2 (a) which of the two reactants is
the limitin reagent ? (b) calculated the mass of (NH2)2CO Formed. (c) how much excess reagent
(in grams) is left at the end of the reactions?

Dalam satu proses, 849,2 g NH3 diperlakukan dengan 1.223 g CO2 (a) yang mana dari dua
reaktan yang merupakan reagen limitin? (B) menghitung massa (NH2) 2CO Dibentuk. (c) berapa
banyak reagen berlebih (dalam gram) yang tersisa di akhir reaksi?

Answer :
849,2
a. 2 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑁𝐻3 = = 49,853 1 mol = 24,926
17,034

1223
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝑂2 = = 27,789
44,01
The limiting reagent is CO2

b. 2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) + 𝐶𝑂2 (𝑔) → (𝑁𝐻2 )2 𝐶𝑂

1
𝑚𝑜𝑙 (𝑁𝐻2 )2 𝐶𝑂 = 𝑥 24,926 = 24,926 𝑥 60,062 = 1498,306 𝑔
1

c. 2𝑁𝐻3(𝑔) + 𝐶𝑂2 (𝑔) → (𝑁𝐻2 )2 𝐶𝑂

M 49,853 27,789
R 49,853 24,926 24,926
S 0 2,863 24,926

Mass of CO2 = 2,863 X 44,01 = 126,00063

Question 7 :

Industrially vanadium metal, which is used in steel alloys, can be obtained by reactions vanadium
(v) ocide with calcium at high temperatures

Logam vanadium industri, yang digunakan dalam paduan baja, dapat diperoleh melalui reaksi
vanadium (v) oksida dengan kalsium pada suhu tinggi

5 𝐶𝑎 + 𝑉2𝑂5 → 5𝐶𝑎𝑂 + 2𝑉

In one process, 1,54x103 g of V2O5 react with 1,96x103 g of Ca. (a) Calculate the theoritical yield
of V. (b) calculate the percent yield if 803 g of V are obtained

Dalam satu proses, 1,54x103 g V2O5 bereaksi dengan 1,96x103 g Ca. (a) Hitung hasil teoretis V.
(b) hitung persentase hasil jika 803 g V diperoleh

Answer :

a. 5 𝐶𝑎 + 𝑉2𝑂5 → 5𝐶𝑎𝑂 + 2𝑉
M 48,902 8,467
R 42,335 8,467 42,335 16,934
S 8,567 0 42,335 16,934
3
1,96𝑥10
𝐶𝑎 = = 48,902
40,08
1,54𝑥103
𝑉2𝑂5 = = 8,467
181,88
50,94 𝑔𝑟 𝑉
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑉 = 16,934 𝑥 = 862,617
1 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑉

803
b. % 𝑌𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑𝑠 = 862,619
𝑥 100% = 93 %