Setting Proteksi Steam Turbin Generator
Setting Proteksi Steam Turbin Generator
Setting Proteksi Steam Turbin Generator
CONTENT:
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 2
2. SOURCE DATA FOR REPORT ..................................................................................................... 2
3. LEGEND .................................................................................................................................. 2
4. TECHNICAL DATA ..................................................................................................................... 3
4.1. GENERATOR ...................................................................................................................... 3
4.2. STEP-UP TRANSFORMER .................................................................................................... 3
4.3. CURRENT AND VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS (RATIO) ............................................................... 4
5. SHORT-CIRCUIT CALCULATION .................................................................................................. 4
5.1. REFERRING VALUES ........................................................................................................... 4
6. PROTECTION SETTING CALCULATION ........................................................................................ 5
6.1. F1 & F2 – 7UM621 ............................................................................................................ 5
6.1.1. GENERATOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION (87G) ........................................................... 5
6.1.2. NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OVERCURRENT (46.1, 46.2, 46.3) ............................................... 6
6.1.3. OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION – (59.1; 59.2) ................................................................. 7
6.1.4. UNDERVOLTAGE PROTECTION – (27.1; 27.2) ............................................................... 8
6.1.5. DEFINITE TIME STATOR OVECURRENT (51) .................................................................. 9
6.1.6. INSTANTANEOUS STATOR OVERCURRENT (50) ........................................................... 10
6.1.7. IMPEDANCE PROTECTION (21.1, 21.2) ....................................................................... 11
6.1.8. INADVERTENT ENERGIZATION PROTECTION (50/27) .................................................... 13
6.1.9. REVERSE POWER (32R.1, 32R.2) ............................................................................. 14
6.1.10. ROTOR EARTH FAULT (64R.1, 64R.2) ........................................................................ 15
6.1.11. STATOR OVERLOAD (49.1, 49.2) ............................................................................... 15
6.1.12. FREQUENCY PROTECTION (81U.1, 81U.2, 81O.1, 81O.2) .......................................... 16
6.1.13. STATOR EARTH FAULT - UO, NON DIRECTIONAL (59N) ................................................ 17
6.1.14. 100% STATOR EARTH FAULT – 20HZ (64G) ............................................................... 18
6.1.15. UNDEREXCITATION AND LOSS OF EXCITATION (40.1, 40E) .......................................... 19
6.1.16. OVEREXCITATION (24.1, 24.2, 24.3) .......................................................................... 20
6.1.17. FAULT OF GENERATOR CB (50BF) ............................................................................ 21
6.1.18. FUSE FAILURE MONITOR (60FL) ................................................................................ 21
6.1.19. OUT OF STEP PROTECTION (78)................................................................................. 21
7. SETTING OF SYNCHRONIZATION DEVICES ..................................................................................24
7.1. A1 – 7VE61..................................................................................................................... 24
7.1.1. AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZATION ................................................................................. 24
7.2. P3 – ISKRA SQ ............................................................................................................... 27
1. INTRODUCTION
This technical report refers to the electrical protections of the generator 248.75MVA, Grati -
Indonesia. It is work out in consideration of the rated data of the protected machine and short-
circuit calculations. Protection selectivity is partly considered in this report.
3. LEGEND
SNG – generator rated apparent power
PNG – generator rated active power
UNG – generator rated voltage
ING – generator rated current
SNT – transformer rated apparent power
UNT – transformer rated voltage
INT – transformer rated current
ISEC – secondary current
IPRIM – primary current
DOR – drop-out ratio
kc – sensitivity ratio
kb – safety ratio
pCT – current transformer ratio (CT)
pVT – voltage transformer ratio (VT)
ICT – CT primary current
UVT – VT primary voltage
SV – referring power
UV – referring voltage
IV – referring current
i1, i2 ,i0 – positive, negative, zero sequence current (pu)
iR, iS ,iT – phase currents (pu)
u1, u2 ,u0 – positive, negative, zero sequence voltage (pu)
uR, uS ,uT – phase voltages (pu)
uRS, uST ,uTR – phase-to-phase voltages (pu)
Zprim – transformer primary impedance
PZG – generator total loss (kW)
Io – neutral current
UNG PH-E – 1phase generator voltage (L to N)
pR – conversion factor of the earthing resistance
USEF - voltage divider
ISEF - special miniature current transformer
RSEC - earth resistance, converted to the device side
RPRIM - primary earth resistance of the stator winding (fault resistance)
pMTN - neutral grounding transformer
4. TECHNICAL DATA
4.1. GENERATOR
MANUFACTURE DATA
Manufacturer : SIEMENS
Type : SGen5-100A-2P 118-46 M07
RATED DATA
Apparent power [MVA] : 248.75
Power factor : 0.80
Rated voltage [V] : 15750
Frequency [Hz] : 50
Speed [rpm] : 3000
STANDARDS
Design corresponds to : IEC 60034
Reactances:
- Xd unsat/sat (±15%) % : 205 / 188
- Xd' unsat/sat " % : 25.9 / 23.3
- Xd" unsat/sat " % : 19.7 / 14.8
- X2 unsat/sat " % : 20.7 / 15.5
Time constants:
- Td' [s] : 1.381
- Td" [s] : 0.029
- Td0' [s] : 11.66
RATED DATA
Rated power [MVA] : 243
Rated voltage [kV] : 15.75/500
uK [%] : 12%
5. SHORT-CIRCUIT CALCULATION
IDIFF/ING
10
8
F
I-DIFF>>
4
P
2
Picture 6.1 Tripping characteristic (P) of the differential protection with fault char. (F)
1 1
I diff>>> ,
> 6.1
x d 0,233
Function setting:
2001 DIFF. PROT. ON
2005 INC.CHAR.START OFF
2006 INRUSH 2.HARM. OFF
2007 RESTR. n.HARM. OFF
2021 I-DIFF> 0.1 I/InO (Trip)
2026A T I-DIFF> 0.00 sec
2031 I-DIFF>> 5.0 I/InO (Trip)
2036A T I-DIFF>> 0.00 sec
2041A SLOPE 1 0.15
2042A BASE POINT 1 0.00
2043A SLOPE 2 0.50
2044A BASE POINT 2 3.00 I/InO
2056A I-ADD ON STAB. 5.00 I/InO
2057A T ADD ON-STAB. 15 Cycle
I
8
9118
I 2 prot I 2 NG 7.294[%] 6.2
I NCT 10000
where
I2………...........Max. unbalanced load - continuous (8%)
ING………........ Generator rated current (9118[A])
INCT……...........CT primary current (10000[A])
2
I
2
0.98 8
9118
FactorK 0,98 K prim NG 6.518[ s] 6.3
I NCT 10000
where
KPRI……. ........ Max. unbalanced load - short time i22.t (8s)
ING………........ Generator rated current (9118[A])
INCT……...........CT primary current (10000[A])
The following operation times and the function characteristic results from the said equation (see at
table):
Function setting:
1701 UNBALANCELOAD ON
1702 I2> 7.3 % (Alarm)
1703 T WARN 5.00 sec
1704 FACTOR K 6.5 sec (Trip)
1705 T COOL DOWN 1500 sec
1706 I2>> 55.0 % (Trip)
1707 T I2>> 2.00 sec
This protection function protects generator and other power appliances against non-permissible
raise of voltage and damage of their insulation. The relay measures phase-to-phase voltages.
The first stage will be set to 111% of the generator rated voltage with “long” time delay.
The second stage will be set to 130% of the generator rated voltage with “short” time delay.
U 15750.000
U > 1.100 NG 1.110 122.100[V ] 6.4
VTR 143.182
U 15750
U >> 1.300 NG 1.300 142.999[V ] 6.5
VTR 143.182
where
UNG ................ Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
VTR ............... VT ratio (15.75/√3[kV] // 0.11/√3[kV] = 143.182)
Function setting:
4101 OVERVOLTAGE ON
4102 U> 122.1 V (Trip)
4103 T U> 10.00 sec
4104 U>> 143.0 V (Trip)
4105 T U>> 0.50 sec
4106A U> DOUT RATIO 0.95
4107A VALUES U> Voltage protection with U-Phase-Phase
U 15750.000
U < 0.80 NG 0.800 88.000[V ] 6.6
VTR 143.182
U 15750.000
U << 0.65 NG 0.650 71.500[V ] 6.7
VTR 143.182
where
UNG ................ Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
VTR ............... VT ratio (15.75/√3[kV] // 0.11/√3[kV] = 143.182)
Function activation:
0140 UNDERVOLTAGE Enabled
Function setting:
4001 UNDERVOLTAGE ON
4002 U< 88.0 V (Alarm)
4003 T U< 2.50 sec
4004 U<< 71.5 V (Trip)
4005 T U<< 10.0 sec
4006A U< DOUT RATIO 1.05
KB IN 1.50 9118.00
I > I NCTsek 1.00 1.41[ A] 6.8
0.97 I NCTprim 0.97 10000.00
where
кB ……………. Security coefficient (1.50)
IN ……… ……. Nominal current (9118[A])
INCTprim .........Primary current of CT (10000[A])
INCTsek .........Secondary current of CT (1[A])
DOR ……… Dropout ration (0,97)
KU U NG 0.7 15750.0
U < U NVTsek 110.0 77.0[V ] 6.9
U NVTprim 15750.0
where
UNG ................ Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
UNVTprim .........Primary voltage of VT (15750[V])
UNVTsek .........Secondary voltage of VT (110[V])
Function setting:
1201 O/C I> ON
1202 I> 1.41 A (Trip)
1203 T I> 10.00 sec
1204 U< SEAL-IN ON
1205 U< 77.0 V
1206 T-SEAL-IN 11.00 sec
1207A I> DOUT RATIO 0.97
1 1
I sek 4.0 I N 4.00 9118.00 3.65[ A] 6.10
CTR 10000.00
where
IN ……… ……. Nominal current (9118[A])
CTR ...... .........CT ratio (10000/1[A]…...10000)
Function setting:
1301 O/C I>> ON
1302 I>> 3.65 A (Trip)
1303 T I>> 0.20 sec
Function description
Impedance protection is used as a selective time graded protection to provide shortest possible
tripping times. The protection provides 2 tripping zones with a polygonally shaped trip
characteristics, the first zone can be extended. This function uses CTs situated in the generator
neutral side.
• Relay setting
Generally valid formula for the primary impedance (with limiting to the unit transformer):
2
k R u k U NT
Zp 6.11
100 100 S NT
where
kR………….. zone reach (50 or 110[%])
uK .... ……… relative transformer short-circuit voltage (12[%])
UNT………… machine-side rated transformer voltage (15.75[kV])
SNT ……….. rated transformer power (243[MVA])
Primary impedance converts to the secondary side of current and voltage transformers:
CTR
ZS Zp 6.12
VTR
where
CTR………….CT ratio (10000/1[A] = 10000)
VTR ............... VT ratio (15.75/√3[kV] // 0.11/√3[kV] = 143.182)
Zone Z1 setting
We choose the zone reach 50% of protected zone and time 0.3[s]
2
k R u k U NT 50.000 12.000 15.750 2
Z p70 0.061[] 6.13
100 100 S NT 100.000 100.000 243.000
CTR 10000.000
Z S70 Zp 0.061 4.260[] 6.14
VTR 143.182
Zone Z2 setting
We choose the zone reach 110% of protected zone and time 1.5[s]
2
k R u k U NT 110.000 12.000 15.750 2
Z p120 0.135[] 6.15
100 100 S NT 100.000 100.000 243.000
CTR 10000.000
Z S120 Zp 0.135 9.429[] 6.16
VTR 143.182
KU U NG 0.7 15750.0
U < U NVTsek 110.0 77.0[V ] 6.17
U NVTprim 15750.0
where
KU ................ Voltage coefficient (0.7[-])
UNG ................ Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
UNVTprim .........Primary voltage of VT (15750[V])
UNVTsek .........Secondary voltage of VT (110[V])
Function setting:
3301 IMPEDANCE PROT. ON
3302 IMP I> 1.28 A
3303 U< SEAL-IN ON
3304 U< 77.0 V
3305 T-SEAL-IN 3.00 sec
3312 T END 2.00 sec
3306 ZONE Z1 4.26 Ohm (Trip)
3307 T-Z1 0.30 sec
3310 ZONE Z2 9.43 Ohm (Alarm)
3311 ZONE2 T2 1.50 sec
3313 POWER SWING ON
3314 P/SPOL-TPOL 8 Ohm
3315 dZ/dt 270 Ohm/s
3316 BLOCKING OF Z1
3317A T-ACTION P/S 3.00 sec
The function will be set according to the relay manufacturer recommendations. The current pickup
threshold value is set to 0.3A of CT (for current transformer – 1A) and the undervoltage element is
set to 50-70% of the generator rated voltage.
The protection function is blocked by Fuse-Failure-Monitor logic.
KU U NG 0.55 15750.00
U R < U NVTsek 110.00 60.5[V ] 6.18
U NVTprim 15750.00
where
KU ................ Voltage coefficient (0.55[-])
UNG ................ Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
UNVTprim .........Primary voltage of VT (15750[V])
UNVTsek .........Secondary voltage of VT (110[V])
Function activation:
0171 INADVERT. EN. Enabled
Function setting:
7101 INADVERT. EN. ON
7102 I STAGE 0.3 A (Trip)
7103 RELEASE U1< 60.5 V
7104 PICK UP T U1< 5.00 sec
7105 DROP OUT T U1< 1.00 sec
where
P................. Relay setting
PZG ……….. Rev. power for covering of total mech. losses (generator + turbine)
PNG ............. Generator active power (199[MW])
UNG ............. Generator rated voltage (15750[V])
ING ......... ..... Generator rated current (9118[A])
UNVT ........... VT primary voltage (15750[V])
INCT ............. CT primary current (10000[A])
Note: this setting should be revaluated at site, according to measured turboset losses.
Function setting:
3101 REVERSE POWER ON
3102 P> REVERSE -0.68 % (Trip)
3103 T-SV-OPEN 60.00 sec
3104 T-SV-CLOSED 4.00 sec
3105A T-HOLD 0.00 sec
In this case, the rotor earth fault detection is not in scope of supply by SIEMENS Teplice.
Alarm stage and trip stage are via binary inputs from external device.
I NG 9118.00
K FACTOR K B 1.10 1.00[] 6.21
I NCT 10000.00
where
KB …….………Max. permissible current - continuously
(supp. 1.10 x IN – according to generator manufacturer)
ING ……...........Generator rated current (9118[A])
INCT ……..........CT primary current (10000[A])
The following operation times and the function characteristic results from the said equation (see at
table):
Function setting:
1601 Ther. OVERLOAD ON
1602 K-FACTOR 1.00
1603 TIME CONSTANT 36 sec (Trip)
1604 Θ ALARM 83 % (Alarm)
1610A I ALARM 1.00 A (not used)
1612A Kτ-FACTOR 3.0 (not used)
1615A I MAX THERM. 5.0 A
1616A T EMERGENCY 100 sec (not used)
1607 TEMP. INPUT Disabled
The protections are blocked are blocked by generator circuit-breaker status and undervoltage
limit.
Note: frequency protection setting should be discussed at site to fit in local rules demands.
Function setting:
4201 O/U FREQUENCY ON
4203 f1 PICKUP 48.50 Hz (Alarm)
4204 T f1 10.00 sec
4206 f2 PICKUP 47.00 Hz (Trip)
4207 T f2 0.20 sec
4209 f3 PICKUP 51.00 Hz (Alarm)
4210 T f3 10.00 sec
4212 f4 PICKUP 52.50 Hz (Trip)
4213 T f4 10.00 sec
4214 TRESHOLD f4 Freq. prot. stage automatic
4215 Umin 40.0 V
where
U0sec ..............Secondary side voltage for measuring (120[V])
This protection element initiates trip when an earth fault in the machine zone has been present for
a set time 0.5 s T S/E/F = 0.50 s
240.00
VDration
FactorRSEF NTR 2 37.89 2 120.00 71.78[] 6.23
CTration 200.00
5.00
The element initiates tripping signal once the measured value drops below:
RPRIM = 1000
where
NTR ..............neutral tr. ratio (15.75/√3[kV] // 0.24[kV] = 37.89[-])
RL…………….secondary loading resistor (1.37[Ω])
UF SEC…………max. secondary voltage due to earth fault (240[V])
VDRATIO……….voltage divider (240/120[-])
CTRATIO……….miniature CT (200/5[-])
Function setting:
5301 100% Stator-Ground-Fault Protection ON
5302 Pickup Value of Alarm Stage Rsgf< 500 Ohm (not used)
5303 Pickup Value of Tripping Stage Rsgf<< 20 Ohm (Trip)
5304 Time Delay of Alarm Stage Rsgf< oo sec (not used)
5305 Time Delay of Tripping Stage Rsgf<< 0.50 sec
5306 Pickup Value of I SGF>> Stage 0.88 A
5307 Supervision Threshold of 20Hz Voltage 1.0 V
5308 Supervision Threshold of 20Hz Current 10 mA
5309 Correction Angle for I SGF 100% 0 °
5310A Resistance Rps 0.0 Ohm
5311A Parallel Load Resistance oo Ohm
Function setting:
3001 UNDEREXCIT. ON
3011 T SHRT Uex< 0.10 sec
3012 EXCIT. VOLT. OFF
3002 1/xd CHAR. 1 0.42 (Trip)
3003 ANGLE 1 90°
3004 T CHAR. 1 7.00 sec
3005 1/xd CHAR. 2 0.49 (Trip)
3006 ANGLE 2 78°
3007 T CHAR. 2 7.00 sec
3008 1/xd CHAR. 3 0.76 (Trip)
3009 ANGLE 3 95°
3010 T CHAR 3 0.50 sec
The function is set with respect to the overexcitation characteristic given by the generator
manufacturer.
Function setting:
4301 OVEREXC. PROT. ON
4302 U/f > 1.08 (Alarm)
4303 T U/f > 10.00 sec
4304 U/f >> 1.40 (Trip)
4305 T U/f >> 2.00 sec
4306 t(U/f=1.05) 20000 sec
4307 t(U/f=1.10) 550 sec
4308 t(U/f=1.15) 220 sec
4309 t(U/f=1.20) 100 sec
4310 t(U/f=1.25) 40 sec
4311 t(U/f=1.30) 18 sec
4312 t(U/f=1.35) 7 sec
4313 t(U/f=1.40) 3 sec
4314 T COOL DOWN 1000 sec
The pickup threshold “CIRC. BR. I>” setting of the current criterion refers to all three phases. It set
to approx. 20% ICT (1A).
Function setting:
7001 BREAKER FAILURE ON
7002 TRIP INTERN CFC
7003 CIRC. BR. I> 0.18 A
7004 TRIP-Timer 0.25 sec (Trip)
Function setting:
8001 FUSE FAILURE MONITOR ON (Alarm)