Math B PDF

eI 47 aR ALGEBRA | ALGER “amenconeans OS ca When a sequence has a constan difference between successive terms it is — called an arithmetic progression. PART 1 a1 +d=2% term ay + 2 aazart(n-1)d 6 | Consider "he “arithmetic sequence whose fst term is 2 and whase common diferene is 3 < Find th 12 tr, ‘Solution: a+ 11d= 126tem 2+1¢3)2-39 eeeDay sens _ ‘Alfred set out ata speed of 6 kph fr point. After Alfed had traveled for hy see ‘ut to overtake him and went 4 km the fst hears: km the second hour, 6 km the third hou, s0 on ang gaining one km per hour. After how many hoe were they together? Y | S,=9[22, +(0- Ng] | {| ss, 12 +6n= § [2(4) + (n- 1)(1)] 24+ 12n=n(7 +n) m5; (n-8\0+3)=0 n=6 Cerro eure eee S24 [ta+(n-fd] S=§[o,+2,] ry ALGEBRA Trine sum of the frst 13 terms of two AP's are in the ratio of 7:3, what is the ratio of their Conespondng seventh rns? Soliton: = 5 Rat (n- ti) ven n= 13 when n=7 Pee, +124) s,= Za, +84) 52a, ¢124,) 5, +2 1, +64) & 27 Sad, 7 713 S, 3,64, 3 \ att, 27 \ a, +124, 3Find the eleventh term ofthe arithmetic sequerce whose first three terms are 2, 9, and 16. Solution: a=2 d=9-2=7 a+ 10d = 11 term 2+ 10(7)=72 Ifthe 3" term of an arithmetic sequence is 23, and the 8 term is 63, find the 6 term. Solution: a+2d=3+term a+2d=23 a+7d= 8° term at7d=63, a+2(8)=23 a+5d=6 term as7 6 term = 7 + 5(6) = 47 ALGEBRA 'An auditorium has 54 seats in the fist row. 58 ‘seals in the Second row, 62 seats inthe third row {and so on. Find the general erm of tis arithmetic sequence. ‘Solution: n+ 50 (2) + 80 = 58 ok Use a= 4n +50 (3) + 50 d= 32 ok 2 term = 58 Use a= 4n+ 50 ho ‘Donna had an offer for a job stating at $40,000 per year and guaranteeing her raise of $1600 a year forthe next 5 years. Find the her salary for the 4* year. Solution: a=40,000 d= 1600 4% year salary = a+ 3d 4° year salary = 40000 + 3(1600) = $44,800OO oom On commencing employment, a man is paid g salary of P7200 per annum and recove oo increments of P350. Determine his salary in te 9% year and calculate the total he wii have received in the first 12 years. = 2 basin. gq 972 at 0-4] 29= 7200 + (9- 1360) g- 12 = PIaggas NO) S= = Lara + 12-1080) S=P109500 ‘Anil company bores a hole 80 m. deep. Estimate the cost of boring ifthe cost is P30 for driling, the first meter with an increase in cost of P2 per meter for each succeeding meter. Solution: a=30 n=8) d=2 S=5 Par(n-nd] 8= [aco +7972) ‘S= P8720 “The 6° term of an AP is 17 and the 136 term is 38. Find the 19 term. Solution: eer arsc)et7 as2 seat Wave My 22180) aw = 56 (earn eed Ifthe 3* term of an arithmetic sequence is 12 and the 8 terms 27, find the 5 term a+2(3)=12 az6 a+4d=6+4(3) a+4d= 18 (5" term)36,000 is to be divided among Arthur, Bema and Carlos such that their shares in the same oder, form an arithmetic progression. Beran share is three times that of Arthur's, How much is ‘Arthur's share? Solution: Let A,B, and C be the shares of Arthur, Bemard, and Carlos, respectively. A+B+C=36000 = Eg. (1) B=2A —E4.(2) ‘Since their shares form an A.P.: Common difference, d= B-A=C-B 2B=A+C ——E4.(3) Substitute Bin (2) (3): 22A)=A+C C=3A — Eq. (4) Substitute B= 2 and C = 3A to Eq, (1): A+2A+ 3A = 36,000 ‘A= 6,000 (Arthur's share) ALGEBRA ‘Anew Civil Engineer falling to complete his first ‘building contract for P700,000 in a specified time is ‘compelled to pay a penalty of % of 1% per day for the first 10 days of extra time required and for each ‘additional days thereafter, the stipulated penalty is increased by 10%, or P350.00 each day. If he paid a total penalty of P75,600, how many days did he overrun his contract time? ‘Solution: 1% of P700,000 = P7,000.00 % of 1% = P3500.00 Total penalty for the first 6 days = P3500(10) = P35,000 Since after 6 days, the penalty is increased by 410% of 3500 = 350 First term = 350 + 3500 = 3850 For the penalties in AP. ‘Sum, S = P75,600 - P35,000 = P40,600 First term, a1 = P3850 S= §[2, +(0- 1h] 40600 = (23850) +(n- (350) a -21n-232= 0; (n-8)(n+29) =0 n=Bdays ++ the contract was overun for 8 + 10 = 18 days oH[oy 128k _ HARMONIC PROGRESSION When a sequence has a constant difference between successive terms of its reciprocal is called Harmonic Progression. Determine the positive value of x so that x, x? ~ 5 and 2x willbe a harmonic progression. Solution: Inthe given harmonic progression shown, compute the value of x ALGEBRA on The 3° term of a harmonic progression is 15 and the 9° term is 6, Find the 11% term. Solution: 1 () abd 18a+ 30d =1 21 @ared= = 6a+48d=1 15a+30d=1 (2) 30a + 2400 =5 a= 10d= 11thterm in AP.ALGEBRA GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION Cre The ratio of the 8" and 3° term of a GP is 243, Whats the common ratio of the progression? Find the 10® term ofthe serie: 5,10, 20,40 Solution: ‘of a geometric progression is 4 and the 6 term is 128. Whatis the 11° term? Solution: a=4 (6hterm) ar’ =128 4 = 128 re2 ar” = ttthterm 4 (2)"° = 4096 (11th term)ALGEBRA nr Find he 8° fem ofthe geometic se frst term is 12 and whose common rae Solution: a2 8 term = art Bh term = (12)(4)" 12% | %tem= 2 j 2 Find the 7 term ofthe geomet firsttermis 64 and ites oa sSequencé whose 1on ratio is %, ALGEBRA Find the S* term of the geometric sequence whose first three terms are 2, -6, and 18. Solution: a=2 sth term = ar* sth term = (2)(-3)* = 162 “The population size of the bacterial culture growing under controlled conditions is doubling each day. Predict how large the culture will be at the beginning of day 7 if tt measures 10 units at the beginning ofthe day. Solution: =10 Bey A a= arr a= 10(27" ‘& = 640 units oe)ithe 2 term of a geometric Sequence is 5) the 3¢term is 5/16, find the common ratio, s ifthe 2 tam of a geometric sequer wegen be ft ALGEBRA. ae sell) tres fr se) art rf rage Determine the sum 10 the fst 7 terms of the series 025, 0.75, 225, 6.75 Solution: j 'CesT TEU ST Ravn i a S=— frst tr trot rare eee) ‘Determine the sum to infinty of the series 4,2, 1... sen ind the sum of the infinite series72, 36, 18, 9, Solution: The terms form a GP with r= 0.5 and n = (infinite GP) 2 sumf RA am: ‘ALGEB poo ——sicoon (0) Fate sumto infty ofthe series 2%, 21% IB + 12 we? rt Find the 6* term of the sequence 3 3 5 Solution: | 3 - ' | at : | 12 An Find the value of the 6 term in the following series ofnumbers. 12, 13, 17, 26 Solution: 2 8 7 6 @ 8 ry oe oF a OF The 6* term is 42 + (5° = 67 4did 4 4 A 143 +8» 24» 20" 720° 5040 1 Tih term is 795 ‘The sum of the first n terms of a series is 3" + b, What isthe quotient of the 9® and the 7® terms? Solution: rth term, = Se Sot ‘7 term = Sr ~ Se = [327-1 + b] ~ [32 + b] term = 1,417,176 term = So — Se = [220-1 +b] - [2 + b] term = 114,791,256 cuotent = 114.784, mt rae 4 Ce ee ol ALGEBRA EE GEOMETRIC MEAN, ARITHMETIC MEAN AND HARMONIC MEAN Determine the geometric mean of two numbers if the arithmetic mean and harmonic mean are 4 and 9 respectively Solution: (HM)(AM) = (GMP (9) = (GM)? GM=6 ‘The arithmetic mean of 90 numbers is 50. f two ‘numbers namely 280 and 700 are removed, what isthe arithmetic mean ofthe remaining numbers? Solution: S59 ‘anys $300 260-750 90 90-2 $=4500 AM= 40Py seks umbers which add upto 4 the numbers i 28. Cala the aver” 8. ‘numbers. ® hea SOLUTION: SumofBrunbers: 5, = 463 SumofToher numbers: S, = 168-28 = 49 The average of 11 num eliminated leaving only 4 remaining number is 7.5. Whi bers is 10. One num ber 10 numt is The SOLUTION: Sum of 14 numbers: 8, = 10(11)= 110 ‘Sum of 10 numbers: 8, =7.5(10) =75 Number removed from the 11 numbers: a=110-75= 35 ELBERT ____ ALGEBRA NN acces sua a rare. ante ‘SOLUTION: ae “> ne +n=72 : ni +n-72=0 ‘Therefore, x = 8 freynt)=0 | n=8 | Find the value of x from the series of numbers shown. x4 3x+9K + 27K... 729K = 3279. SOLUTION: (r -1) : x3) 1] 3279 34 x3a ARITHMETIC MEAN, MEDIAy MODE, VARIANCE and STAND A} DEVIATION From the folowing set ofrumbers, 5 6, 8,4, 10,3 @ Determine the arithmetic mean, ad @ Determine the variance. ® Determine the standard deviation, i ‘SOLUTION: © Arithmetic mean. 6 AM: ®@ Variance. TOW, (6OP+(69"+(8674 49" +(106"+(5" 5 7 at LOH 140+ 44+ 1649 a 6 * "@ Standard deviation. 567 MAS OBOE a” ALGEBRA Ez From the given set of numbers 3,8, 10, 7,5, 14, 2,9,8 © Determine the mean. ® Determine the median. © Determine the mode. SOLUTION: © Mean Rearrange the numbers from smaller o bigger values 2,3,5,7,8,8,9, 10, 14 2190578189 EM pay | © Median = 8 (middle number) @ Mode = 8 (value of the most occurring number, 8 occurs twice) 7 IF (2x + 3), (4x —2) and (3x + 11) represents 3 test ‘scores, what is the value of the average score? SOLUTION: 2x+3+4x- 243x411 =ared 3 Ave. soore =ne PRIME NUMBER ALGEBRA 1293) CONSTANT of PROPORTIONALITY Wich of the folowing number is not umber 11,17, 13, 152 2 in = (10)%+(10" 402" = (1092+ (10)" soe= (47 (10) 10 = 160 1f6¢= 3, nd he value of 2 ‘SOLUTION: 3 wo - ALGEBRA _ a | —— eo... | ove 4g ‘eavex =2 ttysx ‘SOLUTION: 4 avn = ane = 8) Yolo -2 avex = Vex =4 x= 16 x2 y=(QR=4LL rma ALGEBRA ALGEBRA a SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIQ, When S = 14 and = 4 ec The distance S meters fom a fixed la lng a stig le wh consi soy waevt 5 20 sects given by S=Vi+ Ya where Vis the ® 14a 28 veloc in ms andthe time in seconds, ity a weve © Determine te na velocity when $ = 42 m 2500, and $= 144 m.whent = 4560, ts + @ Determine the acceleration when $ = 42 m, ang | deen.and S= 144m. when t= 400, ‘© Determine te distance traveled afer 3 sec, SOLUTION: © itl vlocty when S = 42m and t= 2 sec. and g< 444m. when t = 4 sec, When S42. t= see. 1p @ Acceleration when t= 4 se¢. Sentoat a= 15st 4 a ‘© Distance traveled afer 3 se. 42201424 seme zat? Cet 3=69)¢ 3 1819? see tat? 5=855m.Given the folowing information: © The average of A and B is 50. ® The average of B and C is 80. ‘Solve forthe vaiue of C ~ A, SOLUTION: cae Bec soz A¥B= 100 im, : C-A= 60 CE Board Nov. 2012 There exist a valve of x such that the tangent of an cxgessin 2c + 18 is equal to the colangent ‘expression 4x - 12. Find the value of x. a. — oo FEED ER aircraft has 104 seats than the Tee et he bl number fsa erp” and the numberof seats forthe 8767-300 ER SLuTION LUTION: so of seats for B767-200 ER aircraft 71 fod = no. of seats for B767-200 aircraft x4 x— 104 = 328 "A plant {000 solution contains § cups of water for every 1 cup of concentrate, ifthe solution contains 78 cups of these two ingredients, find the number cf cups of concentrate in the solution. SOLUTION: x= no. of cups of concentrate in the solution y= no. of cups of water Sx+y=78 xey Sx+x=78 x= 13 cups—_ ALGEBRA ALGEBRA fa ! Nojam and lia decided 10 eat at izzy ee Meriam ordered 3 slices of pizza and 2 sof but Wane Lika ordered 2 slices of pizza ana is EE, ions eavatons: 1g ‘Meriam paid P600 while Lila paig Pat nyt? yee ‘SOLUTION: How much did one pizza size cost? . ax) = 12(20)1 SOLUTION: ont g00 x= cost of {pizza yyez 260 y= cost of 1 sot dink Wf ox % 3x+2y = 600 by@ xo 2D eas x4+3y=525 by@ Reasprint is either discarded or recycled ‘Americans recycle about 27% of all newsprint, but jn amount of newsprint equivalent to 30 millon trees is discarded every year. About how many trees worth of newsprint is recycled in the United States each year? ‘3x+2(75)= 600 SOLUTION: X= P50 cost off pizza otra are eve vars 10-2 = 73% x= 46.86 trees No. of trees worth of newsprint that is recycled: N=0.27(42.86) = 11.6 million treesThe ive wae the gest of wha, tsa yl 3 tne ses poe, a cnt pre cata de mo humpback whale and 5 tons. Ifthe total a a ee com's ofa blue whale and a humpback whale is 1172 MEG, ‘bedroom siting structure, the feswapenoghichebuewhae. |” ty Senin ie Se mar ese BON MO ‘SOLUTION: iat prea long ard we of Bewt ofbuewhale — H=wt. of humpback, er max. area that the a 8=3H-5) 117-H=3H-15 ae Benet? H=33 B=tt7-H B= 117-33 66 0ng { Indes, forescent and halogen bts a lasing oo | longer than ever before. One average ofthe number bul hours fra fluorescent bul is 25 tes the n of bub hours for @ halogen bulb. The number of bus tours for an incandescent bulb is 2500 less than the logen bub. Hf the total numberof bulb hours for tne ft longer than its Trot a rectangular garden is 6 ft. long teal heel ae deed ii area ofthe garden is 55 sq, find its length ‘SOLUTION: and width . F =o, ofbulb hous for fuorescent bulb soLuniow: =n. of bulb hours for halogen bulb a |= oof ub hous for incandescent bulb Fad Fe25H (25H +H ~ 2500 +H = i Isicamn sor buprousar 5826728, Fels 105 pole 600 ‘halogen bulb y=5 (width) oe‘county bam Rouse chickens end pg, to determine the exact number of oe animals in the bam, the former owner tog ft! - ig 4 Civil Engineer. graduate to simpl Mn rate hooey Te rie repo jeads and 140 legs. iid eee oe legs. How many Digg ne . of pigs y=no. of children x+y=60 Note: Chicken have only 2 legs, while pigs have 4 WT os scons ne rer umber Toe me mon, The total umber of cats and gs 18 4 Maton. Find the numberof dons. Meer purchased a rectangular watertront ot along a You dye. The perimeter of the fst is 1000 f. To rer sense of privacy, you decided to fence along | Ge tree sides excusing the sides that face the river. AN) Inexpensive fencing along the lts front costs P10 per foot An inexpensive fencing along the two sides costs PO por foot. The cost ofthe fencing along the three des comes to P7000 . What are the lots dimensions? SOLUTION: Perimeter of ot 2x4 2y = 1000 x+y=500 ‘Cost of fencing 3 sides: ‘x + 2410) = 7000 x+ 22700 500 x= 200 ftes ALGEBRA asm fr the radius ¢ of @ Cone with hogy bv cm and voume Vis T= 47 rumerator of the radical expression in the formula ‘SOLUTION: : QUADRATIC EQUATION Ax +Br4020 sumotthooos: 742-2 Product of roots: ante When B'-44C=0 repeated roots (real equal roots) B'-44C<0 twocomplex roots (imaginary) B'-4AC>0 tworeal unequal roots hy Raters 9, jue of the constant h in the quadratic a the vat tm hx + x - 6h = 0 if 4 is one of the equation X= SOLUTION SOLUTION: fgrnan 460-0 fon =20 he? Bae of the roots of the quadratic equation jae + 14x + 12 = 0 is 6 times the other root. Find the vaive of A ‘SOLUTION: 142-4Find the missing terms A and B if 2+ 8x +A)~(B+ 7X44) = 3244 14 | (uP +B 15) -(bxt #74) =e tt TT ‘Given the equation 5x? - 2x + 1= 0. Deter ot persis ofthe rots ofthe equation SOLUTION: Ad +Bx+C=0 Bx +120 BF AAC: (2-451) =-16<0 When 8? -4AC <0 Thervots are imaginary ___vcen et EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS incond of arginvarse functions 4) inex b) eee 4 eee =o Ine=4 e) eed os = MPascals) at height h meters above press et is given by P = Poes> where Peis the ve at ground Fevel and C is constant, Find sine P when Po = 1,012 x 10* Pa, height B= £1420 m, and C = 71500. SOLUTION: p=Pe" P p=to12xto'e™ p=tot2xt0° eo p=9.921 x10" Pa cayi ALGEBRA mo | 60] ALGEBRA nore ‘A gem population has a growth cur ‘ARIT wa va of esis oginal vate doug X LoGaRITEM ‘SOLUTION: 4 fog, *=¥ 2A hee 2 bg * pee 9 nx=bog, x n2=04tne 4 Changeo! base ‘ font te 1.733 tone 5 5 tog) =109 00 The population sized y of a community Lemmings varies according to the relationship y = 9 toa(£) =tonx-0 7) bog, x” = Hog: * yo e%8., In this formula, t is the time in months ang isx>0 Yeis the ital population at time t= 0. Estimate the LL puepncamntalcsr population after 6 months if there originally 5009 4 og, or In(Naperian, hyperbo! Lemmings. or natural logarithm) 410) tog or loa, ‘SOLUTION: 11) log, b= Y=yoots fn y= 500060180 | ys 12208 12) og, bo Eeoe \ w Le ee EA” ater oo Bove forxit2:# 1=5. SOLUTION: peiss ed =P x2 oon | soe fore ogy (x-5)= 2. | ‘SOLUTION: 2 log, (x-5)= 5 x-5=(8) x29a ———— conse : SOLUTION: om 3 logs(x + 2)=6 err oc xf tog 10 loge = 2 fogs (x + 2) = 2 TION: i. SOLUTION: x22 (F 9, 10-100, =2 (10) 2 von.) 7? 2.4) fg Problem * ' Soe fr x4 In 2x=5. 10246 } x \ SOLUTION: 5 \ 45 “teSolve for x if logs 98-2 = 2x. SOLUTION: logs 98-2 = 2x gi-2= (3) (38-9 = (3) 12-4x=2x x22 Solve for x if 16 = 4x+1, ‘SOLUTION: 16=aret (a= (pet xt1=2 xet Solve for xif 257°! = 125%. SOLUTION: ast = 105" 5 =) 4x+1=3K Set SOLUTION: 10-6 = 146, 10% = 152 2& log 10 = log 152 x= 1.091 ALGEBRA [Problem : |ALGEBRA i _____ALGEBRA_ amy M The log of the quotient 4 and the log of the Hee on bt lg 128 +109 32 product MN equal to 1.55630251 ang SOLUTION: 0.352182518 respectively. Find the value of M. 264 = 128 B=32 SOLUTION: og bg 0g 2 tog = 55630251 Blog 2-7 log 2 +5 log 2=4 og 2 co M 240155690251 on Evaluate log, 27 + log, a log MN = 0.352182518 : @ MN= 100352182518 SOLUTION: ‘ bg, 27 +9, 2 Divide ®@ by © (22 MN (ny _ 190352182518 sar) 4915560251 ny (Tyne N= 49-1.204119992 * (3) N=0.25 pee M (0.25) = 10°: 352182518 1 M=9 }=xbo,lg xto the base 2 minus log 5 to the base 2g equal to 3, find the value of x ‘SOLUTION: ‘The sum of logarithms of two numbers is 1.748188 and the logarithm of their sum is 1.17609. What is the product of the number? ‘SOLUTION: 109 (0) +109 y = 1.748198 "09 (xy) = 1.748198, y= 101748 y= 56 ALGEBRA Er Solve for x if loge [logs (logs x)] = 0. SOLUTION: 1092 [logs (logs x)] = 0 logs (loge x)= (2)°= 4 loge x = (3) x= (4) x= 64 Solve for x if 21 = gas j SOLUTION: es gat (x 1) log 2 = (2x - 1) og 3 (~1)(0.301) = (x — 1) 04771 X= 0.26961 | ALGEBRA Find the loudness in decibels of the sound in a library, for which the intensity is 2510 times, |, ‘SOLUTION: l = 1069 Leto £1069 2510 j¢ L=10}og 2510 L=34decbols ‘An earthquake in Japan has an intensity 4 x 10! times b. What is its magnitude on the Richter scale, ‘SOLUTION: i Reba neta 4 R=b9 4 +1og 10° R86 7 Wffx) = x + 1 and g(x) = x21 Find x if (g °(x) = 0 SOLUTION To obtain (g o (x) change 2-1 to (x+ 17-1 (+ 4p-1=0 xeteAxetet Ke? xe THA(R) = c+ 1 and g(x) = x2 — 1, find the value of x if @of(x) equals 0. SOLUTION: (9, a) =(K+ 4)? -1 O=(K +1)? -4 (x+y? { X80, +2ALGEBRA INVERSE of an EQUATION ‘Whats the inverse of the function y = 2x ~ 37 ‘SOLUTION: ‘change x to y and y to x x43 ye AS (inverse) Determine the inverse function of f(x) = 5x - 1 SOLUTION: ye5x-4 (Change to y and y to x x=8y-1 by: y tien P= Ltey ALGEBRA fa ‘Determine the inverse function f(x) = x° + 4 ‘SOLUTION: yee tt (Change y to x and x to y P44 yoexet yeti £ Q)= Uae Determine the principal value of the inverse function of Cos ‘0.5, in radians. SOLUTION: Arc cos @ = 0.5 6=60" 60(n) 180 0 = 1.0472 rad\ ALGEBRA ALGEBRA THE BINOMIAL SERIES CZ Frascas Trane] ros 7 In the expression of (at } + find the (atx) 1 (atx) ee coefficient ofthe 8* term. (atx? ' 2 4 ep 1 38 8 tl tye 1 4 6 4 14 faxp 1 5 10 105 4 SOLUTION: (atx 1 6 15 2015 6 1 (ay 10M(2x)?} - — earl x = 960x° ay ® ; Find the 4" term ofthe expression (3) Coefficient = 960 SOLUTION: 401 a?(-4)2 “Tray = *15360x+ALGEBRA roe th the expression of (2- independent of x. ‘SOLUTION: 0 (ot (2-3) ‘0! am (- ny (O-n A = tHe (ayeret (0-A! A = 1 20-2 (0-Nrt 10-2r=0 (independent of x) 135 Terfoethe th erm s independent of x ALGEBRA inthe binomial expansion of (a+ b) find the value of nif the coefficient ofthe 4® and the 136 terms are equal to each other. SOLUTION: (a+b) Coeft of 4th term = Coeff of 13th term an (3S (12) 1 (n= 12)! 121=(n- 3131 121. (n-3)! F 3 (n= 12)) 421 __ (n-3Xn-4Xn-5X\n-6y(n- 7h 8\n-9) 31 (n-t0Y(n- 11)... 12(19)(10)(9)(8)(7)(6)(54) = (r-34-40-8) (n-6{n-7(n-8X(a-9)n- 104-11) (n-3)=12 (n-4)=11 (n-5)=10 (n-6)=9 (0-7)=8 (n-8)=7 (n-9)=8. n= 15 (terms)ALGEBRA. Find the sum ofthe exponents of the expansion of the expansion (4x ~ 3) SOLUTION: (4x3) ‘Note : Exponent of x=1 when n=9 Exponent of 3=0 ‘Sum of exponents = n(n + 1)(imes average of exponen Smatogenins=9(9+ (152) =45 Pons _ mas ‘Of the coefficient of the expression sou (Gx~ Aye Sub.x=1 Sumof coef = (3 1)— (4)? Sum of coeff, = 4095, ALGEBRA. the 5! term of the expansion of (3 + x)? Find the middle term of (e- SOLUTION: N=10 6 terms the middle term In the expansion of (a + x)"° there are 10+ 1 = 11 terms, 1 2q Octyt =! 4x? y+ ax? y? + dey? ty? There are Sterms=4+1 For (2.— _—— a N pg oA ALGEBRA 483] a oan caso" ee nal cabaad be stra SOLUTION: the expansion of (6 + 2y)57 ‘There are 8 + 1 = 9 terms of the expansion of the pea given value, therefore the S* term is the middle ‘5 4 tem. 31a (©) yy? = 2640 a a — (- 5b) wore TO) (2504) Whats the sum of the numerical coefficients ofthe 7000003 b* expansion of (a + b)8, | I SOLUTION: | ] Substitute a= 4 and b = 4 \ him (a+ b= (1+ 18 = 64 | For the expansion (4x - 3)9, what is the sum of al ‘the exponent? ‘SOLUTION: From the given expansion (x - 3y)"2. Find the term Sum of exponents of (a+ b)* = n(n) ee esata oie (ave. of exponents of a and b) SOLUTION: Sumetopores = + (0 Taming: Sum of exponents = 45 gat ON = 40005 x! y!ALGEBRA ALGEBRA PARTIAL FRACTIONS Ro ‘The partial fractions is expressed as: Given following partial fraction with its 3x21 A J . == corresponding partial fraction. tend m3 32 1.8 X+3 1,8, 3 ae "nea Compute the value of A, | Whatis the value of B? ‘SOLUTION: | { SOLUTION: AL x43 : x A E43 HOP 42) ay poy, Oe woes a i Peed) dy TBA tx4 2) AE (x #3)x x43 x-2 | 7 3x-1=AK-2) + Bex +3) Ca arage 101242) ey Fo meeds MEAP) aie sarge Oe when x=-3 When x=0 %3)-12A63-40 0+043=0+2849 Az2 B=45| 36 | ALGEBRA : From the given expansion of partial traci determine the value of A iid Ix! +30 +702 + 10x+10 BHC | One (x pe +3)" P43 OF | SOLUTION: 4 | 2xt+ 3x8 + 2 + 10K +10. = Alx? + 3) + (Bx + C)x— 1)(x2+3) +(Ox+E}(x-1) when x= 1 (A) + 3(1) +7(1) + 10 + 10 = A(a)2 +040 Az? ALGEBRA RANGE OF A DOMAIN ‘Aset has 5 items and ithas a range of 7. The set is composed of the following: {1, 2, M, 5, NF. Find the average of the numbers in the set, Mess Mz 22 Avago rumbers= 1*2*212 +88 ‘Average of the numbers = 3.76 Given the following set of 7 numbers with 2 ‘unknowns (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B). The average of the T numbers is 6. Calculate the value of A + B. SOLUTION: = St6+7+8+9+A48 7 A+B=7ca ALGEBRA _——_~ ALGEBRA. Ea TRANSLATION Find the new equation of he line Sx + 4y + 3= Oif The curve y = x?is translated 4 units to the right o the origin is translated to the point (1, 2). the curve, parallel to the x-axis. Determine Point of intersection of the curve y = x2 and . SOLUTION: translated equation ofthe curve. axeh SOLUTION: ; | Point ofimtertection Fr yatety Sx+4y+3=0 50+ 1) #4('+2)4+3=0 Sx'+5 4 4y'+843=0 Sx'+ 4y'+ 1620 ——x yer Y= (x=4ye yex ts Pt of intersection is (2, 4oo ALGEBRA ROTATION OF AXES arene Le Compute the transform equation of the cune y= 1 by otating the axes through an angle of 45 SOLUTION: x=xCos6-y'Sin@ x= x'Cos 45". y'sin 45" | y=x'Sin@+y'Cos 6 Y= x Sin 45" + y'Cos 45° yet (1° Cosas'-y'Sin46'\x’ Sing5 + y' Cosd5") = 1 (e}F Sin 45° - xy’ Sin 45° Sin 45° +19 Cos 45° Cos 45° “Sin 45° Cos 45" OS KR-O5 yyr=4 O(n ALGEBRA Ha INTEGERS (ODD OR EVEN) During the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia, the total number of medals won by Germany, Australia, and the People's Republic of China were three consecutive integers. Of these three countries, Germany won the fewest medals and China won the most. ifthe sum of the fist integer, twice the second integer and four times the third integer is 409, find the number of medals. won by each country. SOLUTION: X= no, of medals won by Germany X+1= no. of medals won by Australia of medals won by China X+ (2)(x-4 1) #4(x +2) = 409 x2 57 58 x+2= 59During the 2001 Major League Baseball season, the number of homeruns hit by Jim Thome of the Cleveland Indians, Rafael Palmero of the Texas Rangers and Richie Sexson .of the Mivaukes Brewers were three consecutive odd Thome hit the most homeruns and Sexson hit he fewest homeruns. The total number of homeruns hit by this three players over the course of the season was 141. How many homeruns did each player hit during the 2001 seasons? ‘SOLUTION: 1 no. of homeruns hit by Sexson x+2= no, of homeruns hit by Palmero x44 =o, of homeruns hit by Thome 4 (42) 4 (x44) = 141 x=45 x+2547 +4549 ____ALGEBRA_ Bg ‘A pennant in the shape of an isosceles triangle is to be constructed for the High School Athletic Club and sold at a fundraiser. The company ‘manufacturing the pennant charges according to the perimeter and the athletic club has determined that a perimeter of 149 om should make a nice profit. if each equal side of the triangle i twice the length of the third side increased by 12.om, find the length of the smallest side of the triangular pennant SOLUTION: x= smallest side of triangular pennant 2x + 12= the two equal sides ofthe isosceles triangle X+ 212x412) = 149 x= 25os | ALGEBRA Four times the difference of a number ‘same as 2 increased by 6 times the n: the number. ‘SOLUTION: nd 2s the mer ing x= the number 4x-2)=24 6x E65 One number is 5 times another number. Ifthe sum |] 2ftwo numbers is 270, nd the numbers. SOLUTION: X= one number y= other number x=6y x+y=270 x+y=270 x= 270-45 Syty yaad =270 x= 225 Ni oe VB ALGEBRA Jos | Find the measures of the angles of a triangle i the measure of one angle is twice the measure of a second angle and the third angle measures 3 times the second angle decreased by 12 ‘SOLUTION: 3x-12= 3 angle x4 2x + (3x12) = 180 x= 32 2(82) = 64" The angles are 32°, 64°, and 84”, 492) - 12 84 Ti Find the angles of a triangle whose base angles are equal and whose third angle is 10" less than 3 times a base angle. SOLUTION: X= the base angles ofa triangle 3x-10= 34 angle 4x4 (x10) = 180 x= 38" 3x- 10 104" Angles are 38°, 38, and 104".ALGEBRA roe recent year, the average SAT scores in Math for the States of Alabama, Louisiana ang Michigan were three consecutive integers. Ifthe ‘um ofthe frst integer, second integer and 3 tines the third integer is 2637, find the score of SOLUTION: x= score of Alabama_(1# integer) x+1= score of Louisiana (2 integer) +2= score of Michigan (3% integer) X+ (c+ 1) #3(K + 2) = 2637 = 526 +2 = 528 The zip codes of three Nevada locations, Fallon, Femly and Gardnerville Ranchos are ‘three ‘consecutive even integers. If twice the first integer ‘added to the third integer is 26822, find the 2p ‘code of Fallon. ‘SOLUTION: X= zip code of Fallon (19 integer) ip code of Gardenville (37 inte 2x+ (x44) = 268222 ual x= 89406 zip code of Fallon ALGEBRA ‘Gre angle is three times its supplement increased ty 20°. Find the measures of the two supplementary angles. SOLUTION: x=one angle 180 x= supplement of one angle (180 -x) + 20 “o ‘One angle is twice its complement increased by 30°. Find the measure of the two complimentary angles. SOLUTION: x= one angle 90 - x= compliment of one angle x= 2(90-x) +30 x= 70" 90-x= 20": — a ALGEBRA SIGMA NOTATION ee when K = 3 5(3)-3=12 12-725 when K = 25 28(5) - 3= 122 AP, = = 2708 “ s= 2 p+ 1z)= 1550 . Whats the value of yer 2 ‘SOLUTION: (2-0) + (2-i) + (2-2) + (2-31) = 8-6yoy eee _____ Nt & 3 RECURSIVE SEQUENCE Find the sum of > wr SOLUTION: Find the 3" term of a recursively defined sequence. 3.3.3 2d, ee Saw coy * Gor * Gor * Hor SOLUTION: ast § Grr0s+ ous 000s +003. ie a, =03 = 28 010 \ | "os rind the sum of a recursively defined sequence | ay = 1 and an1= 3 an— 1 for the first 4 terms. r= 2008 =9.10 003 SOLUTION: av= 4 (1 term) g- 23 st oo 8 a= (94term) s-} Sum=1+2+5+14=22 cee eek OG OAT 1 eae“102 | ALGEBRA ' ______ALGEBRA_ RY AGE PROBLEMS SOLUTION: Let x = age of boy CE Board Nov. 2015 3x = age of brother FA was four times as old as B eight years ie x4+8= age of sister and if A will be twice as old as B eight year x4 3x+(x+8)=38 5x=30 hence, how old is B now? as ee ‘SOLUTION: x+8= 14 years (age of sister) Past Present Future Se | os 3 ae The sum of the ages of the three brothers is 63. If eee ae their ages can be represented as consecutive integers, what is the age ofthe eldest brother? { ai | A-8=4(B-8) A=4B-32+8 28 +8=48- solic: A+B=2B+8) A=4B-24 2B=32 XH (C41) 4 (42) = 63 A=2B+16-8 6 3x=60 aaa ‘Age of eldest brother = 20 + 2= 22 yrs. old AAboy s one-third as old as his brother and 8 yeas ‘Anna is 3 times as old as Mary. Three years 290, Younger than his sister. The sum of their aust she is four times as old as Mary. Find the sum of SB years. How oldis his sister? their ages.> - ALGEBRA ALGEBRA IB ‘SOLUTION: A=3M A-3=4(M~2) NUMBER PROBLEMS 3M-3=4M~12 poms ‘the United States, and Russia are the ‘A= (39) =27 countries with the most cellular subscribers in the Sum=9+27= 36 ‘world Together, the three countries have 34.8% of the world cellular subscribers. If the percent of the world subscribers in China is 3.1% less than 4 times the percent of the world ‘subscribers. in ‘Ais three Russia and the percent of the world ‘subscribers in A thee times as old a8 8. Theo years gp, United States is 4.3% more than the percent ofthe Imes as old as B. Find the sum of ther ages. world subscribers in Russia, find the percent of | world subscribers for each county. SOLUTION: R+C+U=M8 C=4R-3.4 UFR+43 R+AR-314+R+43=348Three housewives Mary, Kathy, and Anne ‘a basket of fruits for P800. One-half of what paid added to 15 of what Kathy paid and 111 4 ‘what Anne paid will be equal to P300. The sun that Mary paid increased by 1/8 of what Kathy pag diminished by % of Anne paid will make it equaliy P500. How much did Mary paid? SOLUTION: 0.5M+05K +0.5A =40) O.5M+0.2K + 0.10A=30) TK + 10A = 2400 0.3K + 0.4A= 100 (0.5M+0.2K + 010A = 300 M+K+A=800 ALGEBRA 1K + 10(100) = 2400 K=200 M+ Kk +A=800 +200 + 100 = 8600 M=500 ‘The amount of evaporation in inches per day from the surfaces of a large body of water can be Ww modeled by the formula: E = \ 7 2a where: a= area of waterin square rile \ W= average wind speed ofthe air over the water in mph 1 = surface evapaoration in inches pe day. { Determine the evaporation from the surface of a lake whose area is 9 sq.miles on a day when the wind speed over the water is 10 mph. ‘SOLUTION: Le ee eeALGEBRA [ET STET ALGEBRA INVESTMENT PROBLEMS ‘Suppose that a computer store just announced an 8% decrease in the price of a particular model I 'A price increases 5% due to inflation and is then this computer sells for P2162 after the decrease, reduoed 10% for a sale. Express the final price as find its original price. 2 function ofthe original price. ‘SOLUTION: x= 0.08x ~ 2162 ).10(0.05)P x= 2350 The planning department of Abstract Office { \ Supplies hes been asked to determine whether the a ie was recenty purchased for an ‘company should introduce a new computer desk } office for P6440 including tax. If the tax rate is next year. The department estimates that P6000 of 8%, find the price ofthe fax machine befor taxes. new manufacturing equipment will need to be purchased and that the cost of constructing each sournon: desk will be P200. The department also estimales 1.08x = 46440 that the revenue from each desk will be P40. x= P43,000 Betemie the revenue Rp) fom the sale ofIn what price will you sella celiphone for sale that cost P6000 in order that you may offer discount on the seling price and stil make a proft of 25% on the selling? ‘SOLUTION: x= marked price X= 0.20x = 6000 + (0.25)(0.80%) = P1000 Roger bought a condominium for 6M and sold it to Mamo at a loss of 20%. At what Price must Mamo_ _ the condominium in order to make a profit of 7 ‘SOLUTION: Cost of condominium paid by Mamo = 6(0.8) Cost of condominium paid by Mamo = 4.8M ‘Seling price of condominium with 5% prof. Selling price = 4.8(1.05) ‘Seling price = 6.04M ALGEBRA at | Irate bought two cars, one for P00, 000 and the taher for P400,000. He sold the fist at a gain of 40% and the second at a loss of 12%. What was his total percentage, gain or loss? SOLUTION: Total sells = 600,000(1.10) + 400,000(0.88) Total sels = P 1,012,000 (1.012000 1,000,000) Shgain = 900,000 (100)= 1.2% ros ‘Aman makes and sells “n" balloons a day. Each costs x pesos and is sold for y pesos. ifn, xand y are all increased by 10%, determine the Percentage increase in profit per day? SOLUTION: Profit = (y —x) n ‘New increased profit = 1.10n (1.10y - 1.10x) New increased profit= 1.21n (yx) Percentage increase is profit = [t.2iny-x)-n(y-x)] = 0.21 0 21%ALGEBRA _________ALGEBRA RW iT pe ‘In what ratio must a coffee costing P24 per kg be Rent-a-Heap Agency charges 81% ver week os mixed with a coffee costing P34 per kg so that a $0.20 per mile to rent a small car. How many mi profit of 20% is made by seling the mixture at P35 ould you travel for $335? te | SOLUTION: SOLUTION: Cost per ig mature: 125+ 0.20x = 335 6: a+ 1 x= 1050 miles, ye key | 5-120 23H = | oe Withe length of a rectangle is decreased by 10% — == Thelore the ratois 2:3 ‘and the width increased by 10%, whal is the ya percentage change of the area? SOLUTION: 1FAls 10% taller than B and B is 10% taller than C, A=x(1.10)(y)(0.90) then at what percentage is A taller than C. A=099xy ‘SOLUTION: % = (9-088) 409 = 001 ‘change in area: 19099 x “A change = 1% (decreas Ais higher than C by 21% inarea= 1% (decreed)4 ALGEBRA CLOCK PROBLEMS ‘Athow many minutes after 3 PM wil the hands a a clock be perpendicular to each other forthe fn time after 3 PM? t ‘SOLUTION: x =15+15+ & x= 15+ B+ 5 x= 3273 min. What time between 2 and 3 o'clock will the angle between the hands of the clock be bisected by the line connecting the center of the clock and the 3 O'clock mark? SOLUTION: 0+ 5 tye 15 =5- x ° y5-o ! =10+% x= 108 42y x06 #42 A) 2°48 2) DIGIT PROBLEMS The tens digit of a certain 2 digit number exceeds j the units digit by four and is one less than twice the Units digit. Find the units digit. SOLUTION: t= tens digit U= units digit teut4 t=2u-1 u+4=2u-1 ussby 3 digits, which ae in sonata Tastee IF the number is dvds area ofthe cigs, the quotient wil be 25 ng 1 be ated to the number, the gs wil be reversed. Find the ten's dig x+d= unk digit | The no. = 100(x-d) + 10x + (x +d) | Sumofdigits=x+x-d+x+d=3x 100(x-d) + 1014 (+d) _ 9g Ey Tox = 111x904 xed Reversed no. = 100(x + d) + 10x + (x-d) 18+ (100)x=d) + 10x +(x+@) = 100(x + d) + 10x + (x -d) 198 - 198d = 0 X=3d=3(1)=3. tens aigit ALGEBRA WORK PROBLEMS ‘Atank is filed with an intake pipe that wil fil tin 4 hours and an outlet pipe that will empty it in 12 hours. If both pipes are left open, how long will it take to fil the empty tank? SOLUTION: } | ‘A and B are working on a certain piece of work. It fakes A twice as long as it takes B to do a certain Piece of work. If A and B works together, they can finish the work in 6 days. How long wil it take for B todoit? ite SOLUTION: (4440.4 x” 2x) (2+1)(6)= 2 X= 9 days oiALGEBRA Cokoy can do a job in 1 hour, Paul can do th in 2 hours and Proxy can do the job in 3 How ong does it tke them todo the ob ety ‘Ajob can be done in 14 days by a crew of 9 me working 10 hrs. a day. How long wil a crew oft men working 7 hrs. a day take to finish the sane job? SOLUTION: No. of man-hours to do the job = 9(14)(10) = 125) 1260 = 12(7)§) X= 15 days Melisa Scarlatti can clean the house in 4 hrs, whereas her husband Jack can-do the same job in 5 hrs. They greed to clean together so that they can fnish in time to watch a movie on TV that starts in 2 hrs. How long wilt {ake to clean the house together? SOLUTION: Three postal workers can sort a stack of mail in 20 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes respectively. Find ‘how long it takes them to sort the mail if all three work together. ‘SOLUTION: 30(60) + 20(60) + 20(30) 20(30)(60) x=10 min, ai xEI ALGEBRA Sat Sead E3 AA father and his son can dig a well if the fay works 6 hours and his son works 12 hour rth ccan do it if the father works 9 hours and the se works 8 hours, How long wilt take for the father, dig the well alone? SOLUTION: x=no. of hours the father could dig the well one y=no. of hours the son could dig the well alone " i w =< ole a0 + Bela (29-230) =52¢ x+ye5 3208 | En | } | a ‘What is the exponential form of the complex | } | Moat ate oe Find the value of vi SOLUTION: ‘SOLUTION: x25 12 “2 7? seen moe? iP semt aseiee e =Cos Z +iSin = = (127 +6) eee eee 13 eae se 5 +12)=196"™ = 136" +i viz (1492 (5 +12/)= 136‘\{ 2172 =8 230+ 2.215" 21922 = 16 230° +15" 0725 16 245° , KEENE Find (1+). SOLUTION: x+yi=1(Cos 0 + Sin @) (1#1)8= 8 (Cos 60 + i Sin 66) (18> (ay (Cos 270° + Sin 270°) no=t =48 692270 (141 = 80-9) (1+9)8=-87 A DE MOIVRES THEOREM | (Zopemn6 Determine (3 £20"). ' SOLUTION: VO? + (6)? =7.81 | 0 = 39.80" 6 (+5)? = (26) (6+si? =(781 239807" (6+5)° = (781)? £39980) (+51? =4764 211942 + (Cos 6 + Sin 6) = rectangular fom =476.4(Cos 119.47 +iSin 11942) (6+5i)° =-2344 4157 LEXen aa eet ee VF (eee mon | me Find the square rat of (5 +34 in Polar form, re to multiply the expressions (2) and i if you al ‘SOLUTION: a 4 il i? +39? ¢ ) | what willbe the resul Ve? +? S SOLUTION: 12 4 v2 .(. 1 | at? -(-4) . vai aft | free} =r? 249 } : Wie if (6.83 230.961)" = (5,83)'2 oe | 6 (6+3)" =241 215.48" (one ofthe cols) Y2i- ; 2 Mig ast The other roots: sR =241 1548" + 180" =2M1 £19848" (2nd root)a, ALGEBRA COMPLEX NUMBERS ‘Given a complex numbers in Cis form 8 Cis 4y and 2 Cis - 40°. Find the vale g (6 Cis 40°)2 Cis - 40° SOLUTION: (@ Cis 40°)2 Cis - 40°) 8(2) Cis [40° + (-40°)] 16.Cis 0° But Cis 0" = Cos 0° +iSinO | Cis0"=1 Therefore (8 Cis 40°)(2 Cis - 40") = 16 From the giver! complex numbers 3 - 4i ant e137, what is the product of the two comple numbers? ‘SOLUTION: 3-4i=re V3" +64? =5 4 re Product Se" Ber = (RF = ALGEBRA STANDARDIZE MEAN VALUES if two students average 75 on a test and three ‘other students averaged 90, find the average of a SOLUTION 28 15> 2 $,= 150 8, =210 Average of stents = 70180 = gy 5 i The average of 11 numbers fs 10. One number is eliminated leaving only 10 numbers. The average (of the remaining number is 7.5. What number was eliminated. SOLUTION ‘Sum of 14 numbers: S,, =10(11) = 110 ‘Sum of 10 numbers: Sq =7.5(10)=75 Number removed from the 11 numbers: a=110-75= 35—— Ei ALGEBRA Eee You are given 8.numbers which add up to 1, One of the numbers is 28. Calculate the avery of the other 7 numbers. SOLUTION: ‘Sum of 8 numbers: 8, = 168 Sum of7 oher numbers: S, = 168-28= 140 ‘A salesman gets a P1000 commission on a snd scale, one of the many that he accompished ni Period of ime, This P1000 commission raisedht 400n = 250{n - 1) +1000 average commission by P150. If the salsmatt 150n= 750 new average commission is now P400, how mat} sales did he make?ee vous —___ ron The arithmetic mean of 6 numbers is 17,4, numbers are added to the progression, the ny ‘of numbers will have an arithmetic mean og ‘What are the two numbers if their difference ‘SOLUTION: s gee $=102 | x=0ne number to be added | x+4-= 2nd number to be added 102 +x+x+4 _ a 19 The arithmetic mean of 80 numbers is 55. fie numbers namely 274 and 850 are remove, wt is the arithmetic mean of the remaining nurbes? SOLUTION: wo AM 8-2 $= 4400 AM= 42 ALGEBRA PERMUTATIONS ‘A permutation of a set of objects is the Grrangement in a definite order ina straight line, You are given the word “absolute. Calculate how many three-letter arrangements can be formed out ofthe ler in that word if each letter is used only once. | { SOLUTION: | pe p= oe am CE How many three letter arrangements can be made wit the letters that comprise the word ANGLE if no ltrs will be repeated. q SOLUTION:Caloulate the number of permutations there are 15, distinct objects taken 2 at a time. | } ‘SOLUTION: 16! How many permutations can be made of the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI taken all at a time. ‘SOLUTION: Note: There are 11 letters, 4S, 41, 2 tL 44a | P= 34650 ALGEBRA x number of ways in which n different things maybe Ned ‘acircless(n iy ansed porns Tere are 5 pocket holes at the periphery of a round horizontal platform. In how many ways can 5 balls of different colors be placed with one bal in each pocket? SOLUTION: No. of ways = (5~ 1)! No. of ways = 24 ‘A school chess team has six members, one of which is the team captain. If they are to complete in 6 simultaneous games, board 1 o 6, how many ‘arrangement can they make if the team captain should always be in board 1 SOLUTION: No. of arrangement No. of arrangement = 120Carla is going to arrange her 4 books on a shelf Algebra, Trigonometry, Geometry and Cacuug How many different possible arrangements can ‘she make? SOLUTION: No. of possible arrangement = 4! = 24 In how many ways can a PICE Chapter with 14 directors choose a President, Vice-Presiden, Secretary, and a Treasurer if no member can hold more than one position. SOLUTION: 14 No. of ways = a = 24024 if you are given the word PARALLEL, compute the number of different 8-etter arrangements can be formed. SOLUTION: There are 8 letters with 2's and 3 L's. a No. of ments = —— arangemens = 373i ALGEBRA oo hat the extension of a priate tephone You Yerper i 343 but you have frgotn te a digits. You can only recall that the last 4 digits are See, and 9, but you donot know thee. tha ithe max. numberof telephone cas you vil need fpmake in order to dial the conet number? SOLUTION: 332222 No. of calls needed to make in order to dial he correct number = 4! = 24 ‘A music school produced a number of muscans which includes 3 drummers, 4 trumpet players and 5 pianists. How many diferent jazz tos can be formed from this batch of musicians if each tno consists of & drummer, a trumpet player and 2 pianist? SOLUTION: Different jazz trios formed from this 7 = 35 Different jazz trios formed from this gro%? =60\F pt i ALGEBRA EE ALGEBRA Peter is going to set up a stereo system purchasing separate components. There are § different receivers, 8 different DVD players, and 12 different speaker systems. If Peter wants one of each of these components, how many diferent stereo systems are possible? ‘SOLUTION: Possible no. of stereo systems = 5 + 8» 12= 480 ‘Students at University of the Philippines are | classified as being freshmen, sophomores, juniors, ‘or seniors, and also according to whether they are male or female. Find the total number of possible classifications forthe students of this college. ‘SOLUTION: No. of possible classifications = 4 + 2= 8 In a certain city in the Philippines, all seven digt telephone numbers begin with 350. How man) telephone numbers maybe assigned to that cty # the last four digits should not begin or end in zero? SOLUTION: 0-7 2 22 ‘There are 10 digits from 0 0 9 used atthe middle two, ‘There are 9 digits that will ot end or begin wth 2, No. of telephone numbers = 9+ 10+ 10+9= 8109 “The Court of Appeals has 9 justives. Ona cain case, the justices voted 5 to 4 in favor of the defendant. In how many ways could this have happened? SOLUTION: ‘The standard configuration for a license plate is 3 digits followed by 3 letters. How many diferent license plates are possible if the digits and letters can be repeated? SOLUTION: There are 10 choices foreach cg rom 0109 and 26 choices for each letter. No. of plates = 10 10° 10+26+26+25 No. of plates = 17,576,000ALGEBRA. ee ALGEBRA ling of letters The LTO issves license plates consisting aj fumbers. There are 26 ltrs may be repeated. Th are 10 digits and the digits may be repeated. How may possible hcense plates can be issued with Wo tin followed by three | numbers? IN: Sol tes = 26 +26 + 10+ 10+ 10= 676,00 pla can a student select a set of a a Doig bots ‘and 3 Hydraulics books fom set of 9 Structural Design books and 5 Hydrauiks ‘books? ‘SOLUTION: of tere ys No.ofways = $79 ay * 345-3)! CE Board May 2015 ‘Ayala Corporation advertised to hire financial anajst ‘The company received applications from 10 candidal who seem to be equally qualified. The compar ‘manager has decided to call only 3 candidates fo 2) interview. If she randomly selects 3 candidates fom fe 10, how many total selections are possible? SOLUTION: 10! No. of ways = ———__. = - (10-3)131 120 COMBINATIONS A Combination is a grouping or select of all or part of a set of objects without regard to the arrangement of the objects selected. eG In @ compound event in which the first event may occur in m different ways, the second event may occur in n, different ways and so om, and the kth event may occur in n, different ways, the total mumber of ways the compound event may occur is | nenenen, Carr meee) ‘A music school produced a number of musicians which includes 3 drummers, 4 trumpet players and 5 pianists. How many different jazz tris can be formed from this batch of musicians if each tio consists of a drummer, a trumpet player and a Pianist? SOLUTION: Different jazz trios formed from this group = 3(4)(5) = 60Eb Avcepra A sandwich is made by puting cheese and ian between two pieces of bread. ‘You ar given gp types of cheese, two kinds of ham and choices of bread. How many different sandch, can you make? SOLUTION: No. of sandwiches = 5 + 2+ 3= 30 A restaurant offers four sizes of pizza, two types crust, and eight toppings. How many combinators | of pizza with one topping are there? SOLUTION: No. of combinations of pizza with one topping =4+2+8=64 ‘A woman is going out for the evening. She wilt | ‘on one of 6 dresses, one pair out of 8 pais o shoes, and go to one of 7 restaurants. In hor ‘many ways can this be done? SOLUTION: No of ways it could be done = 6 + 8+ 7 = 396 CE, and conte rane in roups of 3. In how many ways can the leer be arranged? ‘SOLUTION: 5 =o = 10 +9" 363 Ina licensure examination, an examinee may select 7 problems from a set of 10 questions, In how many ways can he make his choice? SOLUTION:ALGEBRA EZ students. 4can represent the gay oo and 5 geologist, a committee of Aclass has Frof at an exam board. How many combinations a WPmembers to assess damage due to an possible when choosing this group? arnquake in Japan is {0 consist of 4 engineers SOLUTION: | 84°53 geologist. In how many ways can the ‘i | committee be formed? of | goLUTION: a rom ia Lids : | =35(10) = 350 ' | Tnhow many ways can ateam of 6bepickedton | S>tWS= 310 } 10 possible players. C) Combination of different things SOLUTION: PEWS AU Rel | =. . » * To-are 210 C=2"-1 In how many ways can a reviewee choose 15 boxes can each hold one object. in how nay ; F vas cord Bonted coece’e pesline, | Terence books i 6 diferent books of diferent boxes? SOLUTION: =__15 °G (B= oy = 9%re ALGEBRA STATISTICS ALGEBRA a= Ls er rgineering Board Exams have fw subject, Memenr en a Gt ean score ofeach subject each rom i sown bol The table below shows the number of studens | ; WN i two subjects of Civil Engineering Course and ty Subjects Mean Score 0. of| Eran average scores in the tests are wa 3 o su Subjects | No. of Students | Average Score HYD. 65 4a MATH 40 65, | DESIGN 60 45 DESIGN x 50 j 1 if the overall average score of the two subjects is | 58, find x. SOLUTION: 40(65) + 50x 5g 40+x 2600 + 50x = 2320 + 58x x= 35 . What is the mean score of the whole exams? SOLUTION: Mean = 42055) + 40(38) + 42(65) + 45(60) 42+ 40+ 42 +45 Mean = 54.8AG waitress [OT 1 [2 [3 [47s “o.o1 susorts | 4 | 6 | lo [K]2 From the given data shown: : ine the standard deviatic OLUTION: Determine the st deviation. sl oes) + 11) +210) +40) ak sore [ 1 [213 Frequency | 14 | 15 | 14 Mean = (4 +6+10+0+K+2) — po 844K rt BK MOF MF # 1 14 1(14)=14 om 44 +2K=36+4K 2 15 2(15)=30 Mon: K=4 13 4 3ft4)=42 24°17 (t7)=68 Mean = 231, z | | 5 10 ange From the given distribution shown: | i 70 204 x 2 3 i } j i) 18 % 16 } yee Smo 0.11 o? = 182 w= Txt) 20 Standard devia: = U=2(4) +33) #11(4)=4 (5-2.91)%10) = 43.68 = V1 = 138 127.48 The average amount eamed by 110 juniors for a The table below displays the resulls of @ 9 week was P350, while during the same week, 90 regarding the numberof pets each students na seniors average P500. What were the averaoe has. The average number of pets per stunt in — eamings for that week for the combined group? lass is 2. Find the value of K.——<—<—<—— Te ALGEBRA ‘SOLUTION: Average eamings ‘os ost) asa = PATS fea tt mc tO Two thirds of people in a party are lawyers, whose average 1.0. is 120. The rest are engineers whose 1.Q. is 180. What is the average LQ. ofall persons in the room? SOLUTION: (x)= 2120) + Jae) n= 140 average 1Q. ‘A set has 5 items and it has a range of 7. The set {is composed of the following: {1, 2, M, 5, M2} wit M>0 Find the average of the number set. SOLUTION: Range = biggest - smallest value 7=M-1 Average of the numbers a1 12408 +548 =376 ALGEBRA ee in her Mathematics subject, her one 88, 82,95, ad 1 iano sc NO ad aisd the mean of her scores exactly see al was ber score onthe 7 et? one PON: UTM 950014904924 95 ‘Mean = 6 78 +86 +91 +92+92+95+x guts BEE fProblem :] t ‘Abox contains 58 marbles, 14 yellow marbles, 28 ble marbles, all the marbles are of the same size. Three marbles are drawn at random from the box, first one, ‘hen a second, and then a third. Determine the ‘probabiity of getting one red marble, one yellow marble, andone blue marble with replacement. ‘SOLUTION: Told no. of marbles = 58 + 14 + 28 = 100 PSP «PoP. =| $8\/ 14.) 28) pa( SB\( 161 28) _ (00) 400) (400) = 22227 =89Ep secre Throughout Mistry many people have contributed o he development of Mathematics. These mathems incude Pythagoras, Hypaia, Euckd, Euler, Engin Fonacc, Agnesia and Pascal. Whal isthe potabity that a mathematician’ name selected at random fy those listed wil start with either the ler E or the later en SOLUTION: There are 3 mathematicians wih a name stating at £ ‘and theres only 1 witha name starting with Total mathematicians = 8 Probabity= £ a 7 The probably that a constuction generator wil operate satisfactorily fr 5 yrs 0.80 and that a welding machine will operate satstactoriy over the same period of mes 75, Find the probabilities that in a S.year period bah generator and welding machine operate satisfactory, SOLUTION: P(A}=0.80 (probabilty the generator wil operate satistctory) P(B)=0.75 (probability the welding machine wit operate satistactoiy) P(A and 8) = PA) + P(B) P(A and B) = 0.80(0.75 ALGEBRA pare 71 students. 10 of them are Aa —< 24 are Japanese and 37 are Filipinos, if nts are randomly asked to get out of the tree sere er the “Other, what ae te wepabies that all 3 students are Chinese? SOLUTION: 21,9. 8 9002 Pea 70° ‘A dart target board consists of a center cile having a radius of 2 inches a square section with dimension of 6 in x 6 in and the radius of the biggest circle is 6 in. The three cross-sections have the same center at 0. Assuming the dart is equally likely to hit any point inside the target, find the probabilty that a dart town at the circular ‘arget will hit the area outside the ‘square. SOLUTION: p= M6 -6(6) _ TNO? 72682ALGEBRA ALGEBRA ALGEBRA P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) ‘An employee of a large company, Toyota Mota Inc., is promoted to Management and will be transferred within 6 months. The employee is i that there is a 33% probabilty of being transfered to Cebu and a 50% probabilty of being transfened | to Davao. What isthe probabilty that the employee | willbe transferred to Cebu or Davao? ‘SOLUTION: P(A)=0.33 _(probabity 1 be transfered to Catu) P(B)=0.50 (probably to be transferred to Davao) P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) P(AorB) = 0.33 + 0.50=0.83 The president of CIT-U has proposed that all students must take a drug test as a requirement for graduation. Three hundred faculty members and ‘students from this university were asked about their opinion on this issue. The following are the results. of the responses of the faculy and students, Favor | Oppose | Neutral 7m | 0 | 6 | 2 re 230_| 90 120 32 oat [300 | 120 | 136 [4 is the probability that a randomly selected bie Fo his faculty members and students is befor ofthe proposal ors neue? TION: ime in favor ofthe proposal B= person selected is neutral Neutral — Favor OO Stereo er cic P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B) PerrisALGEBRA rare EC | The probabilly of event x happening is 26. probabilty of another event y happening is 2. Find te probability that both events x and y wll happen. SOLUTION: | PAs 2 (robbiy ta xt epee) (8)= & (obey ta y wi happen) | PiAand8)=P(A)- PB) ‘The probabilty that a family ore awa machine's 0.78, that it owns a VCR is 0.71, and that it owns both a washing machine and a VCR is 0.58. What is the probability that a randomly selected family owns a ‘washing machine or a VCR? ‘SOLUTION: P(A) = 0.78. (probability of owning a washing machine) P{B)=0.71 (probabil of owning a VCR) P(A and 8) = 0.58 (probabily of owning a washing ‘machine and a VCR) P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) — P(A and B) P(A or B) = 0.78 + 0.71 ~0.58 = 0.910 ALGEBRA cre Ce es Pod Ce ey Pano ear ee a) When A and B are dependent events P(A and B) = P(A) P(BIA) Ex. Cassette is either good or defective b) When A and B are independent events P(A and B) = P(A) + P(B) Ex. Patient allergic fo penicilin. Patient is an independent event. The probability that both stages of a two-stage niissile will function comectly is 0.95. The probability that the first stage will function corectly is 0.98. What is the probability that the second Sage wl function coactyghen hal he first one P(A) = 0.98 os Pa P(B) 0.98 + P(B) mie) = 0.97VVeraboard pins are packed in pack machine. la thousand packels 40 have ont 20 pins. Find the probabilty that if 2 packets chosen at random, one will contain les then 2 pins and the other wil contain 20 pins or mare SOLUTION: PA) a =004 P(B) = 1-0.04=0.96 P(AandB)=P(A)+P(B) TVR atl [fu seine P(A and B and C) = P(A) + P(B) * P(C) ea Ed 015 A batch of electronics parts contains 16, which a within a power tolerance and 4, which are not. 3 electronics parts are selected at random from be balch, compute the probabilities that all three a within the power tolerance. | Peeve AGE kee) ‘Samsung, a computer chip manufacturer, has found that only 1 out of 2000 chips is defecve. A certain company ordered a shipment of chips. How many chips will the company order before the probability that at least one chip is defective is Probability that none is defective: P= 4 -0,0005 = 0.9995 Probability that no chips are defective: P= 0.9995)"ALGEBRA. Probably that atleast one chip is ce | 45%: 4 = (0.9995) = 0.45 (0.9995)" = 0.55 n= 1195 No. of chips thatthe company can order befor ty | probabiliy that at least one chip is deter, reaches 45%: i A certain type of missile hits its target wih 2 probabilty of 0.3, How many missiles should te fired so that there is at least 80% probably o hitting a target? SOLUTION: Probability of a missile miss its target is 1 -0.3= 0.70 The probabil that n missiles miss a target is (0.79. The probability that n missiles hits the lane is 1-(0.7)"= 0.80 0.20=(0.7 h(0.7)n=In0.20 n=4.51 say (missiles) ‘Mier of breakdowns per month fa conpuer based onthe past data: Probability | 0.18 021 | 031 | 040 082 Breakdownsimontn | 0 1[2[3 4 Find the probability that the number of breakdowns for this computer is at most 2. SOLUTION: Probabilty that the number of breakdowns i at most 2 18 +0.21 +0.31= 0.70 From the given data of a distribution of breakdown per week of a certain machine, determine the number of is expected to breakdown per week Breakdowniweek wae. |ALGEBRA SOLUTION: ; x {0 f(x) ont 0 0 © Exactly two:P = P2 0.18 1 0.18 Py Py Po Ps Pa Ps Po 026 2 052 seta 0.35 3 1005 042 4 1.68 @ Less than 3:P = Po+ P; +P; Txfx)= 3.43 Py Py Pz Ps Py Ps Pe No. of times this machine is expected ner breakdown/week = 3.43 @ Atmost2: P=Po+P, +P; Py Py Pp P,P Py Py } | } “ee } ‘An insurance company charges $800 annualy fx | | a car insurance, the policy specifies that te @ Atleast3: P=P;+P.+Ps+Pe company will pay $1000 for a minor accident ai P,P, Py P3 Pq Ps Pe $5000 for a major accident. If the probabiliy of 2 — motorist having a minor accident during the year 0.2 and of having a major accident is 0.06, hor © Five ormore: P= Ps+Pe much can the insurance company expect to male P,P, Py P; Py Ps Pe on a policy? o SOLUTION: ® Notmore than 2: P= Po+ Py + Pz Profit = 800 ~ (1000)(0.2) - 5000(0.05) Fo Py Py Py Py Ps Po Profit = $350ALGEBRA. CInMnre ees How many trials must be made if the deviation is to be 5 and approximates 2 binomig, distribution with a probability of 0.70 of eecceut ‘SOLUTION: = ynpq 0 pq p=0.70 5 = ¥n(0.7\03) q=1-P 25= n(0703) q=1-070 =030 n=19 According to statistics 30% of smokers want to qui ‘smoking. In a random of 12 smokers, what is the Probability that the number of who wants to qui smoking is exactly 6? sour: ‘ Po a i ea P= maa (0.30)°(0.70)¢ = 0.0792 ALGEBRA ce istrouon vi a ear ‘and a standard deviation of 5, me Determine the probabilty of the interval between sf to6!. SOLUTION: Porn mean score ‘of Mathematics in a certain exam was 60 and the standard deviation was 15. your score is within 2 standard deviations ofthe mean, what is the lowest score you would receive? SOLUTION: x+20=60 x ad rats) = 60ALGEBRA ‘The average score on a certain quiz was 70 ani the standard deviation was 12. Approximately via percent of those taking this test had sooes between 58 and 827 SOLUTION: standard deviation, Lee score between 58 and 82 is 68.2%, {he average score for Mathematics tests 77 and the standard deviation is 8, the Compute aoe ‘that any one student scored between 61 SOLUTION: ALGEBRA cos ‘of the scores fall within the normal Mod erpich ranges. ftom 50 to 80. and is cu tic about the mean. What is the standard Sevaton ofthe scores in this distribution? SOLUTION: Since the soores falls on a 68.2% range, then the distance from the ‘mean are equal to one deviation are: from meen value. bits Sandard deviation = 89-50 = 45 On a standard test Peter received a score of 85, which ig exactly 2 standard deviations about the Mean. If the standard deviation is 4, what is the Mean for this test? SOLUTION: 8-292 4 5-24) = us77 ¥‘The amount of time that a teenager plays vic ‘videogames in any given week is normally distibuted, ithe teenage plays Videogames an average of 15 hours per woek wih a slandard deviation of 3 hours, what is the probably of 4 leenager playing videogames between 9 and 21 hours? SOLUTION: 9+20=15 ‘A manufacturer estimates that 0.25% of his ouput of 2 Component ae defective. The components are marketed in packets of 200. Determine the probability of a packet ‘sou 2 detective components, n= 200 he P=00025 en = 0,0025(200) = 05 aut i reaks down at ache in a mechanical shop breaks down a ne of 4 times per year. Using Poisson's terion, find the probability that at most one break down wil occur each year. ; ay? Pee” +e™ + i : P=P,+P,4P,4.. Probabity that at most one break down wil occur each year: P=Po+P: 2=4 (average) Prete e4(s) = 0.0916 ‘The time taken by a terminal fee collector to collect ‘eminal foes from passengers entering NAIA is an x9onental dstibution with a mean of 23 seconds. \What i the probabilty that a random passenger willbe brocessed in 25 seconds or more (tat i, wil take more ‘han 25 seconds)? SOLUTION: ALGEBRAeect Sy | EE ie velocity check is conducted in asteich ‘A backhoe component “exhibits a negate ay i extern Luzon. On a regular Grponenta faire distribution with a mean tne» | Clay, te speeds were found to have a nomal falure of 1000 hours. The maximum operaing Yesbuton with a mean of 46 and a standard time such thatthe reliabilty remains above sexs | 4 von of 3. The dally average speed for the oer i = highway on consecutive normal weekdays SOLUTION: were determined by sampling 25 vehicles each i day. What is the upper two-standard deviation i } ast ‘average speed? | Mean Tine of Faure SOLUTION: | ae. Namal dstibuton: Fp 70001 Relbilty Function: Rize RA) = 9200 Since reat is greater than 99% 9 5 a99 He) > no. -d00it> cows” = 1005 hs,Frequency Distribution Ey AvcepRA | The data shown below, was collected reganing the class size of the Advanced Placement couses offered at Abellana National High School. Wich statement about the range of this sample is tue? Class Size Frequency | 4 2 10 3 8 1 | a) range < standard deviation b) range = mean ) ‘range > mean 4) range < mean SOLUTIO ean = 42)# 108) +8) 1441048 Mean= B48 a range=14-8=6 “ Range> Moan (6) ALGEBRA ihe set ofnumbers: 14, 86,2 From Find the range. ; ind the mean absolute deviation. @ Find the standard deviation. SOLUTION: © Range of 2,6, 8, 14 Range = 14-2= 12 © Mean absolute deviation. i wa Sumot x= Wo= t [e754675H075)41475)]=35 ® Standard deviation. ; Vaience = (275) +1675) “(615 +(1475) Varango = 2025+ 225 +025 +4228 «1975 4 Standard deviation; o = V18.75 = 433 |Py ALGEBRA ALGEBRA ‘Abowlers average score for 6 games is 150. He wants (0 raise is total average score by 10% by searing more in the remaining two games lef What must be the average in the two games in crder to attain this? ‘Arecent survey shows the average man will spend 141288 hours sleeping, 85725 hours working 81681 hours watching television, 9945 hours commuting, 1662 hours kissing and 363447 hours on other tasks during his lifetime. What percent of his life does he spend sleeping? SOLUTION: Average score for 6 games: SOLUTION: Activity. No. of hours | Sleeping = 141288 | Working = 85725 Commuting = 9945 Kissing = 1662 | Other tasks = 363447 Total = 683748 Percentage of me he is sleeping: oy = 141288(100) 683748 %= 20.7%On the first 6 tests in his Algebra Subject Vince scores were 92, 78, 86, 92, 95 and 94, © Determine the median of his scores, ALGEBRA ihe | lost due to accidents | Tre ruber tt periods areas folows: @ Determine the mode of his scores, 22h Oe 30) 35, 24, 30, 32, 31, 28 @ Pio Vince took a seventh test and raised te 7 0 2 2 ; ‘mean of his scores exactly one point, wha yay | Determine his score on the seventh fest? SOLUTION: SOLUTION: | pp,24,27, 28,2890 30,91,92 36,37,40 | © Median of her scores: ee enacts 78 86 91 92 92 95 4st 2nd 3rd I 91492 oa : 27 +28 _ Median= T= = 91.8 states 22750 © Mode of her scores: Nedan= 22430 | Mode = 92 (repeating number) 2 | © Score onthe seventh est: siquarie= 32°55 =335 | Mean value of his 6 tests: oe 78+06+91 +92+92+95 _ 534 py Iherefore, 1% quartile = 27.50 Lead el ereeeeey | ee ee 1-90 New meen value on the 7th est = 89+ | The number of fauts occurring on a production line x= his score on the 7th test ‘na 9.week period are as shown below: oo= MAX 24, 25, 27, 27, 27,30, 31, 35, 37 ae % Determine the fist quartile. Ry wo.ee 190 | ALGEBRA ALGEBRA EI SOLUTION 45 7 7 7 3 3135 37 ‘The number of working days lost due to accidents iagawe Sain foreach 12 one-monthly periods are as shown, 25427 27, 37, 40, 28, 23, 30, 35, 24, 30, 32, 31, 28 Fist quale =» °°" = 26 {© Determine the median, @ Determine the frst quartile © Determine the third quartile, The numberof faults ‘occurring on a production ine SOLUTION: in annine-week period are as shown below. © Medien. © Determine the median, 23, 24, 27 2 | @ Determine the first quartile. “ | |. & Detecrine te 2 quate +28 | | SOLUTION: 2 Tas | ) © Medians the middle number = 27 x0 median median = = Ist quartile |" 2nd quartile ian asleg® sales Se Re P Sa @ First quartie, © Firat quartie: aa Fetquaie= na a Fist quartie= 2°27 = 2g | ® Third quart, @ 2 quate. : its 30435 31435 Moet. as 2nd quarile= = = 33 LLALGEBRA ALGEBRA DYeetr ears ® ar decile group of the set of numbers. eS 7 Fe AST 19 20.2, From the set of numbers: 6th «= 7th«=— 8th th 10th Ls 4% FB BD OD ‘The frst decile group is obtained by splting the rank set into 10 equal groups. 48 group = 7 and 14 Note: The numbers must be arranged from ove to highest value. 7, 14, 15, 17, 17, 19, 20, 24, 21, 22, 22, 23, 24,3 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 37 : © Determine the numbers contained the 41st 88 decile | __ 50th percentile group. ‘The 8° decile group is 27 and 28 | | @ Determine the 8 decile group of the set of | umber. VENN DIAGRAM SOLUTION: ors © Numbers contained the 41st to 50th percentile ina group of 70 engineering students, 35 are taking ‘group. advance Mathematics, 25 are taking Structural Analysis ‘and 15 are taking both subjects. There are 20 numbers in the set. First 10% © How many engineering students are taking neither Tand 14 10th = 20th «30th = 40th Sth aot ry 04 1ST AFT 20.21 2.2 subjects? ® Wa student is chosen at random, what is the ‘probabil that he is taking structural Analysis but not advance Mathematics. © {among the students taking structural analysis, a student is chosen at random, what isthe probability 50th percentile group = 24 and 22 ‘hat he is taking advance mathematics.Ea ALGEBRA | SOLUTION: ® Egon students are taking sey Advance Mathematics ( sea Analysis ) ® Probability that he is taking structural Anaysis but not advance Mathematics. © Probability that he is taking advan mathematics, p= 0.2 ALGEBRA oe students took the final exams in ss OF yal. 1f 30 passed in Design, 36 DS rae ‘and 2 failed in both subjects, jap the number of students who passed in SOLUTION: No. ofthose who passed only = 40 - 2 No.of those who passed only = 38 Tey Hydrate | | (30-x) +x (36-x) =40-2+ SOLUTION: ALGEBRA gor ‘operator asked 20 of her friends A tele size of their flash disks are, me of her friends have only 8 MB 7 disks, 5 have both 8 MB and 16 MB flash fais. The rest of her friends have only 16 MB, fat dsk, How many of her friends have 16 MB fash disks iftwo of her friends have neither 8 MB snd 16 MB flash disks. ‘A the U.P. high school, there are 16 studen English Club, 16 students in Science Club and) students in Math Club. Of these studens, thew are 5 students in both English and Science ‘Clubs, 6 students in both the Science and Math Cuts an 8-in both English and Math Clubs. if ‘only 2 ‘students are all in the three clubs, how ‘many ‘students are in at least one of the clubs. SOLUTION: 3MB 16MB Engl A» ‘Math X= no, of students are in at least one of the clubsIn a certain party, each one of the group drinks coke or beer or whisky or all. Also 400 dink cote, 500 drink beer and 300 drink whisky. 100 in, coke and beer and 200 drink beer and ‘One who drinks whisky does not drink coke, How many are in the group. ‘SOLUTION: ( Whisky me No. of persons in the group = 100 +200 + 200 + 100+ 300 = 900 4 ___— ALGEBRA FEBY VECTORS te a = 31 - 6] + 2k. Compute the oe nch the vector makes with the x-axis. SOLUTION: Aeai-6)+ 2k L nz fr +6) +2" RT (os, 0, = 646" | Fd the value of *b"if A and B are perpendicular. AS dit bjtk B=4i-2)-2k SOLUTION: And B are perpendicular then A+ B= 0. £8542) + (24) 21) =0 =3ALGEBRA_ ee en ore poo ee magnitude ofthe vector F= 4i+7|~Sk Find the volume ofthe paralllipiped whose Fi arerepresented by A=2i-3)+4k oe siLUTON, i Brit2-k Feuit 7) C=3i-j+2 iele@re CF SOLUTION: i =8Ai7 {Volume of paralllipiped: 234/23 voure=}4 2 -1| 1 2 ae ge | 342/34 az(-W3.1) (208.2) Volume = (8 + 9 - 4) - (24+ 2-6) SOLUTION: Volume = -7 ‘AvB='Al|[B| Cos © AsB=- 3(248) + 12) Given; A=3i-6j+ 2k AcBsse : B= 101 +4) 6k -L a Find A+B. We [-s) +¢n =2 SOLUTION: a: foal eo Azai- ae J (a8) +a =4 B= 10i+ A+B =|A|[B] Cos 6 Asai) #46) * 6,2) A= 28 C080 AsB=-6 ataALGEBRA Two vectors A and B are sides of a parallelogram. Find the angle between the sides. ALGEBRA (area ke The cross product of vector A = 4i + 2} with vecey B= 0. The dot product A + B= 30. Find the vale of vector B. Az3i+ Tj-2k B=-5i+j+3k SOLUTION: ‘SOLUTION: Cross product: ‘Angle between 2 sides: AxB=(4i+2)) x (Bi +B) =0 AsB=3-5) + 7(1) + 3¢-2)=- 14 ijki i IAL = y(3)? + (7)? +(-2)? = 7.874 AxB=]4 2 0/4 2 = (Cor +OF +OF +5916 BB 0/8 6, Bl= ve" #0" +6 A+B=[AI [B| Cos 6 7.874(5.916) Cos 6 107.49" } [0 + 0 + k(4)B,] - [B,(2)(k) + 0 + 0] 4B k ~ 2B,k = 0 2B,= 28, Find the work done in moving an object along a vector r = 31 + 2) ~ 5k if the applied force is k. A+B=B,(4) +B/(2)=30 28,(4) + 2B, = 30 By=3 B= 23) =6 B=Bi+B,j Be Git 3Compute the cross product of A x B, A=6)~2j-3k B=-12i+ 4) +64 SOLUTION: i jk 6 2-3/6 2 12.4 6|-12 4 AX B= (12i + 36] + 24k) ~ (24k - 12i + 36) AxB=0 ad AxB= FOURIER SERIES Fourier Series in Cosine form fit) = 5 Cos 20xt + 2 Cos 40xt + Cos 80st Compute the fundamental frequency. SOLUTION: {) = 5 Cos 20nt + 2 Cos 40xt + Cos 80xt f(t) = 5 Cos 20nt + 2 Cos 2(20)nt + Cos 4(20)t Fundamental frequency = 20 mace fee. GEOMETRY~s NX GEOMETRY GEOMETRY 207 — ls | e) Triangle inscribed _ * Areas of Triangle: inacicle: a) Triangle with one side and | = two adjacent angles: } ane _b' Sin ASinc | 7 2sinB 7 > Cosine Law: b) Triangle with three sides: Area = (5 (S-a)(S-bS-4) m arte ©) Triangles with two sides and included angle: / gabe Sind a 4) Triangle aoe a as g=atbee “O 2 bs A=rs te Ser cae = as a?= b+ c?- 2bc CosA Side of a triangle with 3 angles | and perimeter known: Pzatb+e (perimeter) Psina_* 7 *" Sin A+ SinB+ Sin __PSinB ShA+SinB+SinC 2 PSho SinA+SinB+SinC3 in tangle BCD, BC = 25 and CD = 10, Co the probable perimeter of the triangle, SOLUTION: Probable perimeter = 25 + 10+ 34 Probable perimeter = 69 I Mle 4 B The area of an isosceles triangle is 36 cm®. Te included angle between the equal sides is 3f Determine the length of the unequal side. SOLUTION: ae ¥Sin30" P. z = Sno" % 2 x jx x12 DP =x? +x? xx Cos 30" O=621 ‘ GEOMETRY 209 | oom Tight triangle is 88.48 me Me ae 46. m. Ftd the sun al he tos Jeg and the longer leg. SOLUTION: act a vatryt a= ’ xy = 176.96 pextyt yx ty? petal 8848 =x+y+ yx? +y? = | Solve for x and y by trial & error: x= 11.2 y=158 Sum of short leg + long leg = 11.2 + 15.8= 27m ‘on BC of the triangle ABC such that = BP. f PA = PC, find the valve ofthe angle ABC. SOLUTION: 2+ 0= 180°Otxtyt+ @=y (ABCs isosceles triangle) O+x+2y= 180° 0490-8 +29= 100 On 2 = 36" Determine the length of the angular bisector from vertex A to side BC of triangle ABC if ¢ = 14 om, a=2Bom,andb= 18cm. ‘SOLUTION: cae =I length of angular bisector fom vertex A mes Ut) 75)(12.25) GOMER ye ABC, = 40m, angle C = 70" and angle nig Determine the length ofthe median drawn fomvertex A to side “2. SOLUTION: a. Saw - Sin 70" a=30m Using Cosine laws" he= (15)2 + (40? - 2115)40)00s 65°" h= 36.30 m Two angles of the triangle are 103.2° and 43.3". ‘The side opposite the obtuse angle has length of 217m. Find the other sides. ‘SOLUTION: arb Sn 1032 Sin3as" b=1.5307 m atmGEOMETRY ‘ABCD is a square. A point P is inside the squan ‘whitch forms a triangle PDC an equilateral Find te angle between sides AB and PB. SOLUTION: “ 0+75°=90" o=15" ‘Solve the triangle with sides 4, 5, and 12. ‘SOLUTION: ‘AB should be less than 9. The triangle isimpossible. The three sides of a triangle measure 36 cm, 18 ‘cm and 24 cm. What is the length of the median drawn from the longest side to opposite vertex? Sn BES so. pare Law for ABC: rt 6}? + (18)2 2(36)(18) Cos 0 7 ‘ 0= —a sing Cosine Law for ABCD: ; ge + (18)? 2(18)18) Cos 36.98 22 eer he sides of a triangle ABC, a = 36.3 cm, $739 om, and c= ?. The angle opposite side a is 73. Compute the value of side ¢ in centimeters. ‘SOLUTION:, . Using Sine Law: 29 2-363 SnB Bean9g ba239 ° 7 c 363 C=180-3996-73' Sin6274 SinT7: C= 6274" c= 33.08 cm|= (G6) + (@)? GEOMETRY The three sides of a triangle measure 36 cm, 13 ‘em and 24 cm. What is the length of the median drawn from the shortest side to opposite vertex? SOLUTION: Using Cosine Law for ABC: , (24 (367+ (18)?- 2(36)18) Cos @ = 3634" In triangle ADC: ~ 2(96)9) Cos 36.34", x= 29.260m Find the base x of the triangle DBE as shown so that its area will be one half that of triangle ABC, ‘SOLUTION: Ae gA= 40120) A, =60 ® 22 oy /. \ oO XIAN GEOMETRY A square section ABCD has one ofits sides equal to a Point E is inside the square forming an equiateral tiangle BEC having one side equal in fengih to the side of the square. Find the angle AED. == SOLUTION: Angle AED: 9= 360 - 60-75-75 0-150" 4 Note: AABE is an isosceles triangle. ‘A square section ABCD has one of its sides equal {0 x. Point E is inside the square forming an aulateral triangle BEC having one side equal to tase of the square. Compute the value of angle's drawn from point P to ‘along the line AB and Q is alon frionguar lot ABC. if AP:PB {s the proportion of the area of 2 GEOMETRY along side AC and a triangle ABC, point ide BC. Line BE and AD are the 1 ee of angle B and A respectively. if pe angle BEC = 75° and angle ADC = 84". fing teangl ACB. SOLUTION: 29+ + 105 = 180 20+a=75" In triangle ACD: 8484 +0 = 199° 24 8440s Angle ACB = 74° C74ot ot x x =677 ‘Area = (577)'Sin 60" 2 ‘Area = 19.85 mn? on, oF on GEOMETRY pon RBC isa tangle having an angle A equal to 80” Point Dis @ point inside the triangle. BD and CD ae bisedtors of angle B and C respectively, find Acomer lot of land is 122.5 m. on one street and | | 150 m. on the other street, the angle between the ‘two streets being 75°. The other two lines of the lot are respectively perpendicular to the lines of the ‘streets. What is the perimeter of the boundary of telat? SOLUTION: Sis: = 25 x =47330- 150 ~ h=47330m x= 32330 m.GEOMETRY y b=33471m { 57.18 - 334.71 = 122.47 m. Perimet Area: _ ARar ’ rim 4 Circumference: Cader GEOMETRY Ey Prince Properties of Cte 4, Angle between the a tangent of a circle and the chord is equal to one half ne the central angle. 1 oa) Bey on 2 Inscribe angle in a circle is only one half of its intercepted ac. 1 6: 2 e The product of the “ segments of a chord ~ intersecting each other Z) are equal. ab=ed EOan ‘ i segment. AD. 2 B Relation between secants and its external segment. AC(AB) = AE(AD) a E GEOMETRY EY 4, CDis called an internal tangent ABis cated an external tangent 2 OO 2 Circles are tangent s internally when they are _ on the same side of the common tangent. a TS is the common tangent to both circles s Circles are tangent externally when they are on opposite sides of the common o tangent. TS is the common \ tangent to both circles T/ cone ‘Accle having @ re section. A inscrit ‘A smaller circle is also ‘amt square fhotwo sides ofthe square and tothe bigger gp wih is inscribe in a square. Compute the rag oes sale circle. _ Co). (anes (ne (4-1 16+ 8r+ 122 (16-8r + 12)2 2+ 8r+ 16 = 32— 16r + 21? h-24r+ 16=0 GEOMETRY intrange ABC. 36, and b = 18.Fi radius ofthe circle target to the side ¢ and canbe outside the triangle. SOLUTION: Aze(S-o) n= YS(S-ANS-DYS-o) ge Bt og Ae a 4 ‘Aright triangle is inscribed in a circle of radius 7.5 em. One ofits sides is 15 om. long and its reais 54sq.om. Compute the perimeter of the right tangle,B y= 18 x x+y? a(t x=12 29 Fag Perimeter = 12+9+15 Points A, B, and P are points on a circle. TA and TB are tangents to the circle with A and B as Points of tangency. The angle between the tangents angle ATB = 50. Find the angle APB if P is farther from the point T than A and B. ‘SOLUTION: A Bisa diameter of a circle. BC is’a chord 10 cm. jong. CD is another chord. Angle BOC = 18. | Whatis the area of the circle in sq.cm. | SOLUTION: sass & r 1516.18 Azmi Asm (16.18 A= 82247 sqem.EI GEOMETRY GEOMETRY ee Deen y poor Ea arn “Two circles are tangent to a third circle intemay Frwo perpendicular chords both § cm from the and tangent to each other externally. if the center of the circle, which dlvides ino four parts. it distances between their centers are 10 cm, 7 cn, SA find the area of ‘and 5 cm respectively, find the radius of the the smallest part. biggest circle. SOLUTION: SOLUTION: 1 nr=10 sno PS { @=22.62" 28+20=90° { } R=44,76" APA, readers nT Da 6 AS senGEOMETRY gc Chords AB and CD intersect each other at GEOMETRY Cho i ir 0 ‘circle ts inscribed in a triangle ABC, and it inside the circle. AO = 8 om, CO = 12m, aq | yyces AC at P. AB = 14, AC 10 and AP 4 DO = 20 cm. If AB is the diameter of the cine what's the length of side BC? . compute the area of OCA. : ‘SOLUTION: * | (1292 = (4192+ (19)2- 12(11)(19)Cos 8 = 3604 The length of the common chord of two circles Area of OCA: intersecting each other is 48 cm. long. The -_ (19)°(36.04) _19(11)Sin 36.04" distance between their centers is 17 om. and the Ae ey radius of one circle is 25 cm, compute the A= 5205 cm? diameter of the second circle.18 ygtag tor El GEOMETRY. __—SHOMETRY_ ERY SOLUTION 1 © c 20240" das 38 xf * io 4a=08 a 2 WS = ¢ J oar w=6 = SP 2HF Cee AB is a diameter of a circle having its center at 0, Points P and Q is on the perimeter ofthe circle The ratio of the arc AP to that of arc PQ is 4:3. 7 ee vn + (102 1226 D = 26(2) = 52 Compute the angle AOP if the value of angle 2015 PAQ= 24". SOLUTION: | ‘Allie PT is drawn tangent to a circle at point P Triangle POR is inscribed in the circle with chor | PQ making an angle @ with the tangent line P.T. in rar, if 2P: 20 ZR=2:3:4, fete od SOLUTION: y 2a + 3a. + dar = 180° oa a ‘Angle AOP = 64°El GEOMETRY Triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle with sie cm, and angle BAC = 20°. Ifthe anje a ‘ABC = 40", find the diameter of the circle. SOLUTION: Az oe aR sone 59 = S127 151 99) aR 7.72. 87.72) =175.4cm GEOMETRY DESI. no ae x08 ato Tworto oC where pat Os ec of 29 Gaming ange ABC. te age SC is 28" fnd the value of angle ‘ABO. SOLUTION: 2a. + 66 = 180 a=5T 20+ 114" = 180" 0=33" Angle ABO = 33°xg, GEOMETRY GEOMETRY 237 TION: In tiangle ABC, AB = 15 m, BC = 18 m ay abies CA= 24m. How far'is the point of interseciong J S72 ‘the angular bisectors from the side BC? 48 +30 i SOLUTION: eee { +bee A 2 4 a se ‘ gz 18424415 g-a=2t % boag 2 $-b=9 $=285 0 | i s-ar05 4 aoe t 5 S-b=45 A= YS{S- a(S -bYS -c) S8-c= 135 Az Jor(21(9)(27) A=539.32 m? | 2ae a 4r 539.3 = 22148120) ‘4r Az (S-ayS-B1S-) A= (2B5(10.5\(45)(135) = 134.83 + (28.5) t= 473m, from side BC Probl In triangle ABC, AB = 30 m, BC = 36m, av AC = 48 m. The perpendicular bisectors of be sides intersect at point P. How far is P from sie BC? 1= 2403 dy? = (24.0392 - (18)? 41= 15.92 m, from side BCEn rowers, "Two tangents were drawn from T t0 a circle a has its point of tangency on the circle at A ang The angle between the tangents is 54”. Point ¢ along the periphery ofthe circle and is nearer ay than A and B. If the lines AC and 8¢ ae constructed, determine the angle betveen te lines AC and BC at point C. SOLUTION: 2(8 + a) + 54° = 180° B+a=63" Brat 63° + 0 = 180° 17° ‘A, B, and C are three points on a circle. PAis tangent at A and PCB is a straight line intersecting the circle. If CB = 16 cm and PA = 15 om, fd be value of P.C. A located at a certain bar Tagaytay. Anexisting road runs lange 2 circular lake. Twelve Kilometers from the point of tangency, along the existing road, a new road of 8 km length is constructed to the periphery of the leke at B. The new road is extended to cross the leke, Compute the length of the bridge needed to cross the lake. SOLUTION: 2Eg GEOMETRY 8, 12 2 x+8 8x +64= 144 x=10km ‘Secants PB and PD are drawn from point P having an angle between them equal to 20°. The seca intersects a circle at points C, B, D and A Cis | along the secant PB while A is along the seca | PD with C and A nearer to P. The angle PBAis | 40°. IAB is a diameter of a circle, find the ange ACD. AC we a +20 180 230" eck: Considerig triangle ACD 9+ 110 +40 = 180 0=30° PA and PB are tangents at A and B of a circle having a diameter of AC. If AC and PB is prolonged, it will intersect outside the circle at . If the value of the angle POA is 20°, find the value of | the angle BAQ. SOLUTION: Considering triangle AOB: +20 + 110" = 180" 20=70° 0=35" Note: Tangle AOB is an isosceles triangle. ©oon GEOMETRY pa EX Mand C are three points in a horizontal A.B. Som and PAis a vera oe. The anes) tain of P from B and C are 20" and 3 ‘One side of a rectangle, inscribed in acing diameter 17 omis 8 cm. Find the area of rece SOLUTION: f tively. If A, B, and C lie in a circle with AB e+(@= (172 { asdiamete, find the area of ABC in n. x15 \ SOLUTION: ‘rea = (15) ay nF Area = 120m? NE AC =n Cot 30" ; aa | This 4.2 km from point A to the north end ofte | hoot 20" lake and 6.1 km from A to the south end of the lake. The lake subtends an angle of 110° at Q The Jength of the lake from north to south is nearest to B norkat ‘SOLUTION: In triangle AB Length of lake = BC A BC? = (4.2)2+ (6.1)? = 2(4.2)(6.1)o0s 110" 6. BC = 8.507 km (15.76) + (BC)? 8C=19.41m = 15.76(194 as SEGA s5280mt8 ng Teme GEOMETRY Given a triangle ABC with sides AB = 25 4, BC = 32cm, and AC = 47 om. Find the distance y the point of intersection of perpendicular tisedny to side BC. SOLUTION: Note: The point of intersection of perpendcuy bisectors of any triangle is the center oft | circumscribing circle (circumcenter), and is + distance from any vertex is the radius of te circumscribing circle. a, A, = ¥s(s -a)(s - b(s -c) ~ (atbte) sae sz BAB) 2 . A, = (62)(52 -25)(62 -32)(62 -47) A, 23747 abe. 25190)47) Reta, agra) 080m x= VR? 16? = 19320m GEOMETRY Fe road is tangent to a circular lake. Along the road and 12 miles from the point of tangency, another foad opens towards the lake. From the intersection of the two roads to the perighery of the lake, the length of the new road is 11 mies. If the new road will be prolonged across the lake, find the length of the bridge to be constructed. SOLUTION: ‘AABCO is similar to ACAO r, using the relationship: © e (QA)(0B) = (OC)? 111 +x) 3122 = 14 eat X= 2.091 minn Sa Ti CEOMETRY 1. Area of a Circular Sector; re a . Area of Circular Segment: Ass © (0-8m0) 3. Arcota Sector: aN s=r6 © =inradians Perimeter of a Sector Pesta ‘Area of Annulus ] Aa ld ) | GEOMETRY The perimeter of a sector is 9 m. and ils diameter 's6m. Compute the area of the sector, SOLUTION: $4229 $=9 - 23)=3 BW wre reulat sector having a central angle of + With © as the center. if point M is located betweer Hever NOB, determine the area of ABM if "adlus of the circle is 4mGEOMETRY SOLUTION: A ‘Areaof sector ABO: rat ne "2, = HFG) x) Med \ie0) a, A,=449 mn? 4 ‘Area of tangle AMO: “ A(2)Sin 30" AZA-ky | an) A= 419-2 | Asam? A= 249m? ‘AOB is a sector of radius 24 cm and has a central angle of 60°. A circle having a radius r is inscribed in the sector. Compute the radius of the circle. SOLUTION: 4A GEOMETRY OC+r=24 rer 24 '=8cm CE Board May 2015 ‘prism has a or0ss-Section consisting of a square sedtion ABCD and a circular arc APB. APB is a sila ar with center at M, the midpoint of CD, having a radius equal to AM. If one of the sideg AB= 15 cm long, determine the length of arc APB SOLUTION: P= (152+ (7.5)2 ry f a 11677 y =% mae~ “gon il GEOMETRY ‘A swimming pool has the form of two inte circles of equal radius of 30 m. If the center o cire lies on the citcumference of the oie Compute the perimeter ofthe swimming poo, SOLUTION: oso2 8 AB=r-0 | mB Ce =6283 | Paine = n(n) 6283) 4 Perimeter = 251.33 i 2) GEE Liz GEE 2015 A sector i bent to form a cone. ifthe ange oe ‘sector is 60° with a radius of 6 cm, what woud the radius of the cone if it has a slant height em? a ee ee $=r8 2nR = 6.283 5 MBF -6283 R=tom ABC is a circular sector with a central angle of 40° atits center at A and a radius of 20 cm. BC is an arc. From point B, a line is drawn to point D, the i midpoint of AC. Find the area of BCD in sq.cm. | SOLUTION: As HROEO) | 20(10) 6, ag: i SO sina A=753 sq.m.GEOMETRY The center of two circles with radii of 3m, and §m, respectively are 4 m apart. Find the area of the portion of the smaller circle outside the laryer circle. a=7a78 _ BI4(a) 0 6 = 1.287 rad. ‘Area of shaded section = area of one haf smaller circle minus area of segment of bigs sector. ast! 9 gi yy Sind) az 26! 6F sede 2 2 [1.287 - Sin 73.747] A= 10.05 m? 4 GEOMETRY po Fad ihe area in square centimeters ofthe largest Fruare that can be cut fom 2 sector of a ce radius 8 om and central angle 120°. A SOLUTION: mm OC 2 (= (3) + (1.28867a)? a=5.7876cm Area of square (67876)? 33.50 cm?__ GEOMETRY 4, Four sides not parallel to each other and sum of opposite angles are known. ° 4. Parallelogram Co _B+D , antes < x8t2 b) The segments of diagonals we infrea are . 7 7 each other are_ equal. ae (eA Oe eG | 2. Rhombus g-atbtord | {geht : Prete | } 2 | Note: Diagonals 7 5. Cyclic quadrilateral ‘are perpendicular (Quadnilaterals inscribe in a circle) to each other. y fe -6+-D= 180" 3. Four sides are not equal and et Parallel to each other, with given At~Cm 160 diagonals and its an, se atbtord angle_of. 77 2 Intersection. ats 7S 2 a) ARVsays-nyisqied)A Ege Teen GEOMETRY GEOMETRY ) Ptolemy's Theorem: = f<——2. < act bd= di de eh 9) sna * of 6) Radius of circle QW Cosa auedieral @) AS V(s-ays-bjs-c)e-d) <—™ p= Mlabrodfacvbaadbe) Dt 4A // A= Vis-ay(s-by(s-c(s-<) Na 6. Quadrilateral inscribed in a circle with one side as diameter of a circle: a) ac+ bd= dy de (Ptolemy's Theorem) PA 7 aT 2m _atbtetd errr Cyclic eee a acircle: A=Nabed stibsotd A=rs Vabed arrogee ae —~ oy G CROMETRY EOMETRY 259 8. Trapezoid: Two sides of parallelogram are 68 cm and Median x= 222 88.m, respectively. One ofits diagonals nt 2 lng. Determine the biggest interior angi of the il 18 A222)» 3 2 SOLUTION: Intriangle ACD using ia 2 Cosine Law: Gy 9. Trapezium aw (42)2= (68)? + (83)? ~ 2(68)(83) Cos 6 0= 30.27" (a+) Biggest interior angle is &. t AeyD 8= 180 -30.27° = 149,73" D 10. Length of dividing tine, which is | Atapezum ABCD has a smaller side AB parallel parallel to the two parallel lines. ‘othe bigger side CD. Side ‘AD makes an angle of 4 hee) {he side CD while side BC makes an Aigle of 60° with side CD. IFAD = 4, compute the Imb7? + nby2 aN Value of side BC, at Bc ei ene SOLUTION: 4 2 fens 4st Sine Law : 1 1 ifthe rato of areas are equal nay = aa “ v = length of dividing line c Se 081gAl) Sie ‘ABCD Is a square of side 10 om. PQRS is a ‘square inside the square ABCD. PQBA, QRC8, RSDC and SPAD are identical trapezia each of area 16 cm?. What is the height of each trapezium? PQ is parallel to AB and SR is paralel toDC. SOLUTION: 4 ‘Area ofall trapezium : ] +10) | AED aya) A=100-x? (em) = he 16 (+10) «sop 2 (x +10)(2) 100 -x? = 64 296 a 92 x6 rs il oo Flot has a frontage of 120 m. along a road. The aiher sides, which are both perpendicular to the road are 90 m, and 60 m, respectively, If it is desired to subdivide the lot into two parts by another perpendicular line to the road such that the area of the lot that adjoins the 90 m. side is equal to one-third of the whole area. Determine the length of the dividing line. SOLUTION: bo en 244 x= 81.24m, == 7 Parallel sides of a trapezoidal lot measure fh and 240 m. and are 40 m. apart. Find the tha a ‘the dividing line parallel to the two sides Wil divide the lot into two equal areas.GEOMETRY ‘SOLUTION: zene i ——— xe = mn 7 For equal areas : ar met onet “= = FRGOE + 112407 1+1 x= 203.96 m. “Triangle ABC is inscribed in a:circle with ange B = 82" and C = 40°. Point M is the midpoint oft ‘AB. Determine the value of the angle a SOLUTION: AMBC is a cyclic quadrilateral 6 +8240 +58" = 180 vgs 20=40 Points A, ind E is on the periphery of the circle. fe = BC = CD. IF the vale oe ame BAC is 35°, find the angle DEA SOLUTION: 5 jangle B=180-35-35 pA Angle B = 110° siento ff = 110"-35"= 75° rooeisacycic = uadniaeral. | ovne TE" 0 180 ~75 = 105° ¥ \ ‘A quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle with Point © as the center of the circle. If AB is a diameter of the circle and ce w CAB = 30°, find @ value of angle 8CO. 4 SOLUTION: , o=5f" (tangle BCO is an 'sosceles triangle)CE 5 GEOMETRY OMETRY ‘A quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle ha FRvadriateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle with a diameter AD = 8.224 om. B= 2m, 8¢=4 | Cp'as diameter. AB is paral to CD and AB is cm, and CD = 6 om, find the area of te | stoner than CD. Ifthe 4-———~ quadrilateral. ¢ Yale of the angle SOLUTION: fe ABD = 40°, 2 arbtcrd - determine the Tira f- vaue ofangle = (2444648224) * ADB. i 2 SOLUTION: ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. | +40" + 40° + 90° = 180° 8= 10° : FAquadrateral ABCD is inscribed in a gen cive. | ENTS) Wee ae | ‘The angle ADC = 75° and angle ACD = 45". Ifthe arc BC is only 1. Sum of interior angles of a polygon ‘one-half of arc CD, find the S=(n-2) 180" value of angle BCA. <2) saat SOLUTION: i ABCD is @ cyclic A 2 Interior angle of a polygon = (n-2)4 30° + 60" +0 +45" = 180° QW 2110 nero angle 6245"eS a GEOMETRY. GEOMETRY 3. Sum of exterior of polygon per areas of Polygons: § Hexagon inscribed ina _<— Relation of sides of a polygon and thy circle: diagonals of a polygon: \ n=no. of sides Sin 60°(6) D= no. of diagonals Far erere \ J D= 5 (0-3) => 7, Hexagon circumscribing a circle: Number of sides of a polygon 3 Triangle 23. ee yee ~~ Quadrilateral = 4 sides cos 30° Tetragon 24 sides ( Pentagon = 5 sides a Hexagon = 6 sides Az Sin60)(6) Heptagon = 7 sides 2 Octagon = Bsides ‘Nonagon = 9sides \ ) py 7 Enneagon = 9 sides 8. Pentagon inscribed in a LY iN Decagon = 10 sides circle: Undecagon = 11 sides Dodecagon = 12 sides 2 : Quindecagon = 15 sides Asl Sire) lcosagon = 20sides 2 <7 Chitagon = 1000 sidesEa GEOMETRY 9. Pentagon circumscribing a 7 circle: ee Cos 36" = (0 Sin72)(5) a? | 10, Square inscribed in a circle i | inseribed in a hexagon: i 7 i a+ at= (21? + ala jal S609) At Sin18' Sin 36" (10) 28in 126° 2, Hexagram: (six-pointed star) a Sin30'Sin (12) 2Snt20 += rads of dreumsorbed die 13, Polygon circumscribing a circle with an area of Ac A= 24 tan{ 12) zn) ‘A= area of polygon circumscribing ‘Ac? area of cicle ‘n= number of sides of polygon acirle 14, Polygon inscribed in a circle having an area A : Aa tAe gin{ 360") roe mln) Ac= a (circle) \ ‘= numberof sides of polygonGEOMETRY Determine the area of a circle inscri teguar hexagon having an area of 240 sqgn,"? SOLUTION: a= Bt Sin60"6) a tare an m= a 60°(6) « \ R=9611 | T=RCos 30° Ww_7 | | 19611 Cos 30° Aer | 832cm A= n(8.32) = 217709 ABCD is a square of side 10 cm. Four congruent sosceles triangles are cut off from the four come's So that the Femaining portion is a regular octagot. Compute the equals wow Sides of the isosceles 7] triangle, 4 SOLUTION: lee 10-2 by i t X= 293m i GEOMETRY EZ ‘regular octagon is to be cut out from a square section having a side of 16 cm. Determine the side ete ofthe octagon. 2! f SOLUTION: WK x= 16-2 x= 4,686 16.23| ny 16-2x= 6.63 Sideof octagon | iS /| =6.63cm ¢ circle is inscribed in a square and circumscived about another. Determine the ratio ofthe area of the larger square to the area of smaller square. LUTION:METRY Gh CEOMETRy ‘The perimeter of & small rectangular ind sae 2] smjo m. and its diagonal is 50 m. Find the at : | the lot in sa.m. a ( SOLUTION: " p=oxt2y 140 =2x+2y uy: \ Volume of spherical segment: =70-x rene welt fen | 2500 = x2+ (70- x)? ¥2-70x + 1200 =0 peers a OT (x 40)(x- 30) = 0 x240m.—-y=30.m. \ x=30m,-y 340m. s ‘A= 40(30) = 1200 m? 4. Surface area = 2x1rh " (one base) . 1. Surface area of sphere: ae ! 2. Surface area ‘ neta = (Two bases) 7 2 Volume of Sphere: A=2arh ves era,GEOMETRY GEOMETRY Sy tof spore sector: es rea of 2 LUTE OF 8 SPRGTE su ve 2 orh a 2a : : = angie of tne lune | Area of spherical sector: o-8! at (4h+L) \ i 4, Volume: His? e3y+h?] 5 2. Surface Area of Zone: v= Az2nRh where @ is in radiansGEOMETRY 2 a ee or - fre f . feet a an +3, Ratio of Volume to ‘surface area; 2 | i ive 4, Three angles given: 3°36 vr Vat - Var E=A+B+C-180" PSPHERICAL POLYGON] cme eeete va are—E af sper yam A180 E yetrE i wot eft elpaly mien 1 es bean E=A+B+C+D-(n-2)180" : 7 = ae geatbte ; 2j i se of & ‘spherical pyramid is a ‘The bas® Oe third angle Is 23°. If the ih f Mele 90 om, find the volume op the SOLUTION: 90 + 90 +23 - 180= 23° PE _ 1(45)°(23) a 12193 vet ‘of a sphere has the following diz < 1 dame, A frustum 20 cm. The frustum is 3.6 cm 42 om, and Determine the volume of the frustum of sphere SOLUTION: ved? [ale +4) +h] v= 288 (go +3107 +(80)] =7000 ‘tank has a diameter of 30 cm. Ifthe ‘A spherical volume of water in the tank is 1470.265 cucn, determine the depth of water in the tank. yTION: gol! Hn? gR- a pr hl ve ty n=8, ye Bt8-41 ve 4470.265 cu.cm. useh= 6cm mt ax ‘of the oe °F of @ sphere win The gurtaco avon A is t=. Rationalze the fel. SOLUTION: _[A Nan ik. ie Na Wn fe he gnominator of the radical expression of this tEE ceowenmy volume is 36 cu.cm? Sphere SOLUTION: S=4n? S=4n(2052 > S=527 cm? | The volume of a spherical wedge is 667 | meters and its radius is 2 m. Determine the Cube area of the lune. Silane SOLUTION: Ave = dr? 0 er Rex = 4n(2 716 “2 OMETRY solid spherical ste bal x em in g jaced into a tall vertical eyinder se ® siameter containing water, causing ty 12 om in to rise by 6 cm. Whatis the value ay “et vel ‘SOLUTION: _ ‘Volume of sphere = Volume rise in cinder 4 3 = Xray Sain? = F027) x= 10.90m ’A sphere of radius 5 cm and a right of acus 5m and height 10 em stanton fare. How far from the base ofthe cone must a cating plane (parallel to the base ofthe cone) pass ‘order to cut the solids in equal circular sections?10h ore h= %(10-hy 40h — 4h? = 100 - 20h + h? 5h? 60h + 100= 0 he- 12h +20=0 (h-2)(h- 10) = 0 h=2om h= 10cm (absurd) ‘Aight bulb is placed at a certain distance surface of a spherical globe of radius aah iluminates one-third of the total surace wy lobe, how far isi from the surface? SOLUTION: Aare = 4 Aspro X=20- 13.333 2aRh= $ x4nR? AEC So on 2n(20)n = $xx(20)? h= 13.333 om GEOMETRY Ey a ‘of a lune is 100 sq.cm. If the area of sphere is 720 sq.cm., what is the angle of +s) tune? SOLUTION: 720. 100 8 6-50" ‘An ice cream cone is filed with ice cream and more ice cream in the form of a hemisphere is placed on top. The diameter of the hemisphere is equal to the diameter of the cone. If the hemispherical surface is equal to lateral area of the cone, find the total volume of ice cream if the radius of the hemisphere is 2 cm.a( " L=4cm eee? = Voone + Viemisphere We arteses) + 2a)a(op—\/ v= 31.265 cc ~ Find the volume of a spherical wedge }, radius of 2 om, and a central angle of 7h, | SOLUTION: ‘A spherical sector is cut from a sphere whose diameter is 24 cm. Find its volume if its central angle is 30°GEOMETRY vp = | gy ED | ight Prism with an Equi 1200s 15° teral © ‘jangle base ATEN x(12)*(0.41) ron veah Fi : 2 Goss sectional area of bose AZ stance between bases | "Three spheres made of lead have a raqj | Nar respectively are melted to fomec'2. | Right saat Kd sphere of radius R. The ratio of the volume feo surface area of the new sphere is equal 1 10 thy bas 4 . ‘Compute the radius r. oan yeah } 1 SOLUTION: net! } re stale +(e #407] v= 905,78? ae M3057" @ Right Prism with <—S Vegar : 5 4xR Pentagonal base 4 41g = 0578" =Ah 7 eae Aa(dtey i Sin¢" Si 0. R=4, r=3 pak OE Smee, 4.8 aT._GEOME o Prismatoid ~OMETRY_ BRE v2 (444,44) ‘has Area at mid average alves of section tang? ‘Ar= cross sectional area et soto © A al base 7 LZ ‘Aye cross sectional area at section 2 | v=Ah . tS E ‘truncated prism has a horizontal base atte ap = 30 om, BC = 40 om and CA’= 5p 2 AB eal edges through A and C are im ' ‘a7 om long. If the volume of the em and £2800 cu.cm, determine the height of te ec’ © Right Prism with Circularbase edge at B. (Cylindrical tank) ‘ 3 ‘SOLUTION: | veAh i , yenmrreny | — ford : 3 t Re of ‘section of cede 30(40)/ 18 +h+27\ 2\ 3 13800 = h=2¢emETRY GEOM tory of sheet metal wa: eal tank with an open top. The ges, i yhedron having four equal Ceakis 1.5 times its diameter. Find the ree thy gach of which is an equilateral trian, oe tank. Oh SOLUTION: de of Tetrahedron: = 1.5(2r) = 3F 1 oe 2+ 2nth eg 49.48 = a1? + 2nr(31) 7 Tat? = 49.48 215 : 4. Volume of Tetrahedron j Qa | The bases of a right prism are pentago ve ‘ | ach side 6 om long. The bases are 14 rate What isthe volume of the prism in cucm,2 oat | ‘SOLUTION: 3, Surface area of Tetrahedron Volume =A, x s=V3a" o= BP =72 agoitem, a= (§)0ot ) 4, Radius of Sphere inscribed in a Tetrahedron] Se or ; ({tis also the centroid of Tetrahedron) A, = $(6)(4.129) x5 A, =61.935 em? Volume = 61.935 x 14= 867 cm’GEOMETRY ne surface area of a regula tt sq.cm. What is its volume? fahedron ig ny ‘SOLUTION: = V2 (10) | Volume = 2 = 117.85 cum, A= Surface area of cube a= side of cube Find the volume of a regular tetrahedron wip, a edge of 3m. SOLUTION: B 3, Radius of Sphere vem a Seen a Cube: R— ao a veLe a R= rads of Sphere a=side of cube V=318RY GEOMET. CEOY METRY | ee 29 of ed Y 8 Dlang — Ea fhe degoraly opposte edges Ofte th, the area of the section hus formed in ween " ng SOLUTION: Z Ai ah ‘Area of section formed: LL > vl A= 302 (30) Astrea PT curved Surtace Area: 2 gemrk otal Surface Area: CE Board Nov. 2015 i earLene? Find the ratio of the volume of a hexadron ( surface are if it has one of its sides SOLUTION: ovale {4 Volume ve Vol. of hexadron = (24)3 = 13824 SM 7 Surface area = 6(24)? = 3456 ny yyy, 13824 _ Ratio = 6GEOMETRY 5, Vol. of cone cut out from a se $sré $22nR att SR < ve ‘L 6. Vol. of cone with inclined ax h=dSing d=axis of cone oath 3 The lateral area of a right circular cone sg sqm. if is diameter is two-thicds its alge determine its altitude in meters. : SOLUTION: Lateral area = x FL 634= rk rL=20181 SOLUTION: pa L=7.99V10 = 25.26 m 1 ces from a sector having a nl ‘of 36 cm and a central angle of 210° Find Fora ofhe core. @d\ GEOMETRY. aGEOMETRY. Sere: S=2nr i 131.95 =2_ 210)n ro is a reat $= 131.95 ‘Anole 100 mm in diameter is to be punch from a right circular cone having a diameter <1 mm, Height of cone is 240 mm, in 16) fength of te hole punched out,» te SOLUTION: pate 0, @ x 20 ‘Aight circular cone is divided into 3 portions a and C by planes parallel to the base. The height of each portion is h, and the base radius ofthe cone Ais *r units. Cone A is the vertex of the big cone Determine the ratio of the volume of A to that of GEOMETRY gl a OLUTION: T \ 28 L) he T ah no 3h th wee one vol A= = _e(2h) xe Wee Te = 220°(2h) | x()h et vo. B= | The height of the cone is h. it contains water to a depth of 2/3 h. What is the rato of the volume of water to that of the cone?PAT ay PYRAMID WITH el aed | 1. Volume: Aa Ah veg __ GEOMETRY a= METR surface Area: a elRY 301 wm) \ goth \ g22kx Total Surface Area: ge2Lxtx Relation of hiand hz net AA PYRAMID WITH HEXAGONAL BASE ‘Volume: ’ } we Area of base: gee S68j 4. Volume: au (Rr +Ry or Lateral Area: 2. Curved Surface Area | S=mL(R+r) 3. Total Surface Area: eS SemL (Ren) +mee4 Re 7 uy 1. / Volume: ‘q ah ag AtA AA] 2 Lateral Area: Se oa) 1) 3. Total Surface Area: se (erp (+A, +A, ioe are len ISMOIDAL 8 veh Ate) ‘A, = area at mid section using average values of section 1 and 2 ‘A, =cross sectional area at section t ‘A, =cross sectional area at section 2GEOMETRY ou: Lety=x? oa from 1s dug oul ‘the ground, ee re Apt 02 arte top and 2m. x amage y=900 pn fs te volume of earth removed in x2= 900 potion m2 x= 30 SeLUTION: 3+2 225 wuts ; ara A solid pyramid whose altitude ig 1.5 2000 kg. At what distance from its bage'™ Wty | p= 3t4 235 cut by a plane parallel to its base so thay rst tb 75m? of equal weight will be formed, 0 song 22.5(3.5) = 8: SOLUTION: aaa ygyz tom Since weight is Ae rm | directly proportional A A, =209)76 { to volume, v= of ts | where V1 = volume L + : mr ve k(A, +4Aq *A2 | of original pyramid. 6 Vy, . (15) f 2 5 p12 +4(8.75) +6 ale . ve 5/12 +406. 8 a my, _ (1.5)? “ vy (ny y=15-4.19 h=1.19m y=0.31mHse ends are isosceles right tj ats, is 20 f. fong. Wt CH Mons of water, HOW AEP Is the yin 40 gan 231 ui) “ter 2h 2 23440) = AP) aig y h=6.2 inches Ma swimming pool is rectangular in shape ofengy ‘12 mand width 5.5 m. Its a sloping bottom ang is 1 m deep at one end and 3.6 m deep at thy ‘other end. The water from a full cylindrica reservoir 3.6 m. in diameter and 10 m deep i, ‘emptied to the pool. Find the depth of water a the deep end. water from a cylindrical reservoir vol. of : 7 38 (10) = 101.788 m? vet Le 20412 55) - 95.8 m? h v22x(12)(5.5) \p7 66x 101.788 = 85.8 + 66x 420.242 Depth of water at the deep end = 2.6 + 0.242 Depth of water at the deep end = 2.842 m,| _c > FRIGONOMET PART 3 PLANE TRIGONOMETRY Eu = if @ Coto= 1 Tano 9 G08 9* Sind 1 7 } @ sinta + Cos? @ = 1 | © 4+ tan? @ = sec? 0 3s 4+cot? @ = csc? 0 Cofunction Identities © Sin (90- 6)= cos 8 @ Csc (90-6) = sec 0 @ Sec (90-0) = csc © Cos (90-6)= Sin © Cot (90-0) = tan~ PLANETRIGONOMETRY _-BASESBIGONOMETR_ © Sin (x+y) = Sinx Cosy+ 5 Sie Ti @ Sin xy) Sinx Cosy. gyn. ? = eo ® Cos (x+y) = Cosx Cosy) oe ® 8 os ns ot (reco = f20x+ tan 8 als © fan Y= 5 tan tomy 0 7 oos8 tanx - ta as “y= 2 = the © tan (xy) T$ tanetany 9 ™5 Sind i Tang * ar ]| © Sin20=2Sin @ Cos@ ot? = isd | ® Cos 20 = Cos’@ . Sin2g @ oot 1 G00 \ Cos 20 =1-2Sin2@ cot = me | 2tano e @ tn 20= Fe © sinx Siny* _ 1:Cos20 1 + 7 Ost ae 9 cosx cos y= [60s (x+y) + Cos (xvi) ® Cos? = ttos26 nee © cosxSiny=4 [sin ery) - Sin (xy)] @ sinx Cos y=4 [Sin (x+y) + Sin (cy)] ® tan? =LANE TRIGONOMETRY © Sin x6Siny= 25 BY) 4 ae @ Sine Siy= 2006 (0H) 5 ge) a c a @ 4 @ cero 2c Deut cos ® Care Conye-28n (2) ap wee singe ; we a eee Ho SinA ~ SinB ~ Sinc © Versed Sin 6 = 1-Cos6 3 9 00°5 5 OF ft pewcsiy Comedie 2= 4 a= 2+ 02. 2be Cos A 9 os0"3 biz a2 c2-2ac CosB 4 @ Exsocant6 = Sec 0-1 2202+ b?-2ab Cos = are C085 omerz 1 = asp _ 103(A-B) air ab to tan (A+) @ col gearccotNOMETRY mmm | "constructed on a horizontal © Sinhx=4 (ox. gx and B ate Cree plain, The angle 7 ) Fon fe 200 ape tower A as seen fom in, B of the t | plane with ® Coshx= ders ) sony ot pain e ma same verte ea wih te ne oe 2E and Sinhx fond Bane 19 © tenhx= She fom ‘at the top of tower B by the 7 an st “hase '60°. Find the height of A, top of tower ® Coshxe st © Sin mea © Cosh?x-Sinh2?x=4 © tanh?x+ sech2x=4 © Coshx+ Sinhx= ex © Coth?x-Csch?x=14 ® Coshx-Sinhx=e*ANE TRIGONOMETRY y 0? 120 hy = ph? 0 A 2 tan hy = 2 rd The angle of Ee a ” elevation of the to, from the foot of towor Bg (222! the a) - elevation of the top of tower sey! tale 8 ed tower A. At a point midway peor fat Bay sot 208 | (oMers, the anges of elevations cfs t,t” ‘(10 we" Ta-R | | tm i are complimentary. If the two tones Pa {20,m. apa, compute the ange of evan 22 (Sloop BH =O at a point midway between th ico 7 ak "lage wo (ray n,=40m, 20h, fe _# ao Ware won = ast" wt ai-@PLANE TRIGONOMETRY PLANE TRIGON( y ‘An observer at point A observeg etovation of 27 tothe tp ofthe pole pa horizontally a distance x towards B, noe," pole, the angle of elevation of the pc be double that ofA. Find the height of the poi © SOLUTION: : Triangle ABC is an isosceles triangle, BC = AB =x ‘Sin 54" = —— ‘Aman stands at C at a certain distance fom a flagpole AB, which is 20 m high, The angle of elevation of the top of AB at C is 45°. The man then walks towards the pole at D. The angle of elevation ofthe top of the pole measured from Dis 60". Find the distance he had walked SOLUTION: .. 20 sin 60°= Bp a pp=2309 Intriangle BCD: x_. Bo nto Sin4s" x=845m Goose "The angle of elevation of the top point D ofa tower fom A is 25°. From another point B, the angle of clevation of the top of the tower at D is §6". Points. ‘A and B is 300 m. apart and are the same horizontal planes as the foot C of the tower. The horizontal angle subtended by A and B at the foot of the tower is 90°, find the height ofthe tower in meters.PLANE TRIGONOMETRY SOLUTION: + B mar 7 vas a Intriangle ABC: me AD =2.1445h BD = 06745h cera * 2 = (2.1445h)? + (0.6745)? (B= : | | (200) et sh? + (0.6745n) ae. HH pone irae ASC; | Da wno= 86 sing = 2 dC are points on the same horizons : ground. PC is a vertical bulding of height 100m | n= mn Sin 60'= 2 Angle ACB = 90". The anglé of elevations of? | 5 gy D=66 sy 87m from A and B are 45° and 30° respectively. Dis a point along the line AB such that AD is perpendicular to CD. Determine the distance CD,PLANE TRIGONOMETRY Paiaing and a tower stand 80 m. apaq horizontal plane. At a point midway between 8 the angles of elevalion ofthe top ofthe by snd the tower are complimentary. Ifthe tower a ar high, what is the observed elevation of tee OF the building when observed at the foot oe UTION: SOLUTION: ye PA ( tan 20°= 95 AC pA=9t0 AC = 1876 (@0)= (25)? - (15.76? gc = 19.41 | \ | agree ed A,B, and C are three points in a horizontal iaB = 25 mand PA is a vertical pole. The ae elevation of P from B and C are 20° and 30°, | parseoe respectively. IA, B, and Cle in acre with AB ints on @ horizontal pane, ‘as diameter, find the area ‘of AABC in m2. A, B, and C are three ‘Which fe in a circle with AB as diameter, PAisa SOLUTION: fagpole. The angle of elevation of Pom Bande on 20"= PA tena 2% ‘are 20° and 30", respectively, f AB = 25 m, nd te Fd AC PA=9.10 AC= 1576 length of BC.PLA ETRIGON y CONOMETRY Roa) ory 7007 what she va of SDHany If ytan x. TION: soy = Snxtn(0-») 1c NE | Fryers” Se 0-n es gnxtany . SOxColx Az 25(15.76)sin 59 Sonn. sot te Saxtan = matt ae Znyenx — fanx | 1 | SONY = | ‘SinXT = tnx Solve for xif = ‘Arc tan (1-x) + Are tan(t +x) = Arc tan 11g SOLUTION: a Azarctan (1-%) tan (A+B) =tan¢ ‘ = 7 tanA=1-x tan A+ tanB ean in B= arctan (1 +x) T-tan AtanB *'enc tanB=1+x : ts fex+t4x 4 as c=arctang 1-(1-x(T +x) *8 es ae | 16=1- (1-2) Se one tenc=t 15=x-1 oa i 2216 AtB=C x=4sepa PLANE TRIGONOMETRY ™ B and two buildings of heigh AB artively. The angle of elevation a and @ and 45°, respectively. Fj me and D are e ly. Find th hey H. | ‘SOLUTION: In triangle ABC, tan A + tan B + tan C = value of tan A tan B tan C. 4 Fide SOLUTION: tan Atan Btan C= tan A + tan B + tan C tan Atan Btan C= 4 PLANETRIGO) IAM INCONOMETRY ca , ang The Hs te times the ange of aeztaly fom a0 m, fom &. Fd he ame ena fom. from the pole. vation, sowuT eT 1 30* 9 p= fotan 38 Le n= 55 - oe 7% “I n=s0tan@ ( 30= tan(26 +) tan 38° 7 tan 26 tan 6 j { __ tan 26 + tan 0 tan 30 = 7 an 20 tan 6 ( _ 2tan@ tan 20 7 ntePLANETRIGONOMETRY | tan 30° tan? - 2 tan? 3tan @ - tan* tan 30° cae h=10tan 38 n=50tan@ 40 tan 30 = 50 tan @ sas1m0-279) 5019 | 5 tan o(1 -3tan’6) = 3tan 6 - tant, | 5 tan@- 15tan°@ = 3tan @ - tan’9 2tan 0 = 14 tan°@ 22 14tan’@ 2 ras a= @=2070" Arle of elevaon 10m. fom te poe = 347 ‘Angle of elevation 10 m. rom the pole = 62.44° __TANETRIGON ETRY on to four significa — Rou! nt Figures, TION: serndet-of to one significant figure = 499 fou inded-off 10 tO significant figures Eendod-of 1 three significant figures = 1ed-off to four significant figures wan Rounded-off to five significant figures = ty wot has one significant figure arp has one significant fgures 100.00 has five significant figures 9.000249 has three significant figures = is the equivalent of 630° | wm? 30" in the centesimal | | SOLUTION: ‘The units of angle in centesimal system is grads, where 90" = 100 grads. ° 400 grads _ 630" x “gor = 700 gradsNETRIGONOMETRY ey eo _—PANETNCONO yay ‘Which of the following is correct? hn triangle: ABD: a) 0,001 has 3 sana figures. Ming Coste aw b) 100 has 3 significant figures. oe a 3 400.00 has 5 significant figures, or om. 1) +540.05) “M6, d 0. oone4s has 3 significant figures AB> fou Answe ¢ 00.00 has 5 significant figures, om... travels in ronan fans o on a direct Wind has "Two inaccessible objects A and B are e as ion a from two stations C and D on the se fr fhe ground speed of the plane? * ue, and 562-m, apart. The angle ACB is 6212: gop® 41°08", ADB = 60°49" and ADC is 34° st 80 required distance AB. fT coumion: SOLUTION: A In hag ‘ACD: using Cosine Law: = vex (600) + 807 he wer e = 2(600)(80)Cos 110° m. = 631.85 kp in tact BCD: v= 631.85 keh 8D nee in 4708" A BD=540.05m| jen flagpole is embedded 3 m. A of a concrete horizontay slay are in form and measuring 20 f on°° ABos siorm broke the flagpole at a poin: Sl, above the slab and inclined towarq Corner Me dredion of diagonal AC. The yorpes th, observed at the center of the slab and at. ky fo the tp. of the flagpole were 5: "Coe ¢ ively. Whats the total length of 2% 3 Shove the slab in yards? Fea, | SOLUTION: Intriangle COT: a=(1622)008 65°, tie a= 6855 ee y=OT sin 65" y= (16.22) sin 65° y= 470 PLANE TRIGONOMETRY 28 + 1355 = 1683 se above the slab = 1883, Length of fagpo 3 tengtn of fagpol above the lb = 5.64 yards oe, sailing N40°32€. at a rae of fi priph. Afr 3 brs, Potomac slated from the sane it going N.45°18'E. at a rate of 4 ‘mph. What Potid be the direction of Potomac from Alone | ‘hrs. after Potomac start from the same port? ” SOLUTION: aaa? A M032 45 4232) . jos ot t faePLANE IRIGONOMETRy oni triangle ABC. ng cosine LAM ye BR + (12? ~ 208) 1 ocr ’ Cos 94+ 10° on of Potomac from Atlantis: { ea 2 40°32'- 37 01 = S. 33t'y e 45tan? x= 3-tan? x | oo _— For Sin xiftan 3x = 5 tan x. wired ( | sove | SOLUTION: 4220708" sin x ‘Sin 20.705" ene 2 gin x 0.3596 } J-tan ten x | a | meer eel Wisin 0 = K, which ofthe 1a cos ace folowing is not conec? | 1 Toten? x |fms a) cos = NT ©) tne= | _ 2tan x+ tan x- tan? x 4 « = 2tanx+ tan x- lan” x b) SecO= ea 4) cxcg=! Ksy TRIGONOMETRY a ‘soLUTiO! 1 se 9* C50 1 000° TE ons sabe ret ereore 509° Ter MO" oor, relations: PLANE TRIGONOMETRY | 339) a oo, point A nott a thward for 30 min. A for one hour, then shifted N.30'E. jf Given AC sB=4 mee | Cos A Cos B = ! het constant speed is 60 kph, he } : in km will it be after 2 hrs? , ™ } Cos ASin B= 3 t " YA. . SOLUTION: 2, Find the value ofr oa SOLUTION: scan 1 CosASin B=3 coe), / 1 Cos AC0sB=4 "a oesoKm | i cp=30km tan B= CE = 30 Cos 60° B=3687" sean eat a DE=30Sin 60° = TOsASnB 3 rSin 45° =5 Peg a (se Considering triangle ADF: } (any? = (75)? + (65.98)? AD = 93.59 kmPLANETRIGONOMETRY oo 10 units of length noy S ‘A lighthouse = jeaves the dock at egg”22 og dock. A st is west at 12 units of length per hoy ama tine vil the ship be 8 units of vet Ale fighthouse? fon st SOLUTION: erent (10)? - 2x(10) cos 45° x= 10812 3354.1 AM = Top of building A, the angle of elevation From the fhe top of the building B is 46° From the foo trang B, the angle of elevation ofthe tp building Ais 28°. Both buildings are on a iW ground, IF the heght of building B is 150 m i far apart are the buildings inm.? EI PLANE TRIGON ___-ANETRIGONOMETRY server on top of a cif 150 m. high observes a the angle of depression of two ships, whi fue north him, to be 20°12" and 4739" Fd Gistance between the ships in meter, Ee SOLUTION: p= 150(cot 20° 12’ - cot 47° 39’) p= 270.96 m.pLANE TRIGONOMETRY Besar td oor window ofa Duiting, thy of depression of an object on the ground ig 3° oe fom a sixth floor window, e75 oe ae tof obsarvtion, the angle of depry he frst tow ar the objet om the bung” © SOLUTION: ng? Using Sine Law 975. _AC SWI Sn 3125 __-PANETRGONOMETRY gc erai point on the ground, th Yea Mer a the e + @ 20 m. high building su ep Sat another point on the tn angi of 42 ging, he over satin an ange ae Find the height of the tower, ‘angle of 45", SOLUTION: for rexv2 consider tangle AOB: (ee (1257 = (JB) 4? 40x + 400 + 156.25 = 2x?gpfERICAL TRIGONOMETRy Po Tan-ad mul Spe of any midle partis equa . athe product ofthe tangents, ofthe adjacent parts. sin (0 - A) = tan b tan (co ~ és\ Cos A = tan b cote the Isosceles Triangle i =i Spherical Triangle ingle into Right | @ Co-op rule: om } | sine of any middle partis “7 s- | —yapiors Rule: equal to the product of the re of any angle Is equal to th ensines of opposite parts. a) Sine sine of opposite angles. nt ‘sin (0 ~B) = Cos (co - A) Cos b 1) Sine of any angle is equal tothe Gos B = Sin A Cos Sint Srgentof adjacent sien et in (co-A) = tan b tan (coc)SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY CEs Gosa= Cos Cos c+Sinb Sine Cos a Gosb=CosaCosc+SinaSincCosg , <2 durcecosaCord+SraSincneg /\\ cosA=-CosB CosC + SinB SinC Cosy «/— >, CosB = -CosA CosC + SinA SinC Cos b Cos = CosA Cos + SinA SinB Cos ¢ FEY ees @) Three sides given: A j ORE g < Ae 180 c E= Spherical excess. 7 R= radius of sphere b) Three angles known: A= 59 ‘c 180 ® E=A+B+C- 180" SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETay eer EE t 7 1 sing (A*8) fan3e 1 cos$(A-B) tan (a+b) =, - 1 cosg(A+B) — tan3e 1 sin}(a-b) fan3(A-B) i eal sinter) Cote | } tan (a+) | 4 7 1 Gosp(e+b) — Cot 3c ] fou Pitan Note: 4 minute of arc= 1 nautical mile 1 nautical mile = 6080 ft 4 statute mile = 5280 ft. 4 nautical mile = 1.1546 statute mile 4 knot = 1 nautical mile per hourgpHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY ina spherical triangle, angle B = 81°50" nao. side c= = 90", wth ae Using Napiers Rule Salo. A)= tan (coc) tanb* ES oe a=180- 12315" a= 56°45" SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY ont od a aM 40", B= 75 and C= 86, Wiha sreee ir N: B+ C ~ 180 2fig+7888- 180 So are. = (40)*(121) _ “180 180 ee "Gop Pacific plane flew from Busan, Korea, whose | {atitude is 14°N and longitude of 121°30E on a { gourse $.30°W. and maintaining a uniform attud, ‘A what longitude will ws || i 75 © = 3379 sq.km.SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETR ‘SOLUTION: Using Napiers Rule: Sina = tan co—B tan b in 14° = cot 30° tan b t will cross the equator at = 121°39"_ itwil cross the equator at = 173°2g5 A spherical tangle ABC has an angle ¢ - and sides a = 50° and c = 80°. Find the | side b in degrees. On 7 } | SOLUTION: | Using Napiers Rule: Sin (Co -c) = Cos a Cos b Cos ¢= Cos a Cos b Cos 80° = Cos 60° Cos b B=74,33° ssc, A= 116", B= 55° Find the value of ain degrees, SOLUTION: i Cos A=-Cos B Cos C+ SinB Sin Cosa Cos 116° = - Cos 55° Cos 80° + Sin 55° Sin 80° Cosa a= 114.83" nosyANALYTIC GEOMETRY 4. Point-slopeform: 5, General ony, rn of stig Heaton mex Are By! 2. Twopointform: 6, Distance from , ' yey Yet Point ixy4) ty : : rot en line Areas, oF Aes Byiec y= 128+ 3. Determinant form: Aap, C2-C4 fa | yey 3 ee Arg + By+ | { xy | a i ed | | os Vato? ara | xy 1/0 a two | . Angle between 7 ‘ & 10. Division ofa ae ae lines having slope ofmzand m4. 4. Slope intercept form : ie: pian a= Mat Bnec m= slope VA? +t | - ‘b= intercept ie fon) . A or fs wanyeK(aq-1) Ley mg-my ‘ ath tan @= Ty mam yeyst Kay)354 | ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ‘1. Location of centroid of atria irewsocton of medians of tenga, fe ving coordinates of (x1, ¥1), (xa, ya) and (x3, Ya) niente ore wenn ad om 412, Relation of slopes of parallel lines my= mz : oo | 13. Relation of slopes of fi 4 perpendicular lines: 14, Area of triangles with vertices at (x, ys) (xz y2) and (x3, ya) ng 2 X94 ; nnn a (coordinate method) "x ant ant xs oys 1 (determinant method) ast ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Motte line is given asx +y+8=0 Hane vate of PR Sete te onl a TO ne p=0 ee B sno * Tate -V2 c Tee a mnleroept of a straight line on the y-axis is ~ 3. “The in 18. 2) isa point on the straight line, what is the ssope of the line? SOLUTION: yem+b 2=m(6)+(-3) m= (slope of the line)ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Line AB has point A(4, 5) and point B(. 3. point C along fine AB if distance BC ig th the distance AC. 2). Fi three thet 2 M4) +103). i Leer rian was = US)+102) - y= OLN = 325 Point C: (2.25, 3.25) IF the angle from the line 2x + Sy - 17 = 0 0 the line 3x - By ~ 8 = 0 is 45°, determine the value of B. SOLUTION: Line 1:2x+ 5y- 17 Slope,m, =-2 5 Line 2: 3x - By-8= 0; Siope,m, = 2 8 ANALYTIC GEOMETRY petween Line and Line 2: Ea w= Bae 2d) wn = 7502) Fre adult one-day pass price f(x) for Disney World. { | js given by f(x) = 2.7x + 38.64 where x is the umber of years since 1996. Use this equation to 4 predict the ticket price for the year 2010. { SOLUTION: x= 2010 - 1996 x (x) = 2.7% + 38.64ANALYTIC GEOMETRY [CE Board Nov. 2015 | He in 2006, the median price of an exist the United States was approximately wore in 2001, the median price of an existing to In $150,900. Let ybe the median price ofan vs” home in the year x, where x = 0 represents | Write a linear equation that models of 2! existing home price in terms ofthe year x. ee” line wil pass though the points (0,150,990) (5, 222,000). 7 and SOLUTION: sm (y- 150900) _ 71100 Fie x 5 _iie| en tis given that the yearly cost of tution ang required fees for attending a public fouryear college fulltime can be estimated by the linear function f(x) = 291.5x + 2944.05, where x is the umber of years after 2000 and (x) is the tota cost. Find the slope of this equation. SOLUTION: y= 201.5x + 2944.05 y=mx+b m= 291.5 (slope) jnates of P. ON: sony = 311+ ya sy 3+ Kk wl .3)+3y-3=0 \ 16 nis line passes through a fixed point p then Sr be he pono intrscton of the es 7325 yy-320 ary ady 9-329 ele ty-3=0 x-1- oy x=4 Coordinates of P (4, 1 oo Y if point (6, y) is equidistant to points SOE (3.6)and (@, 12) SOLUTION: 6-3? + Y-6R= (6-8 + (y- 127 Gye ty +36 =4 + y2— Day + 144 ‘y= 103 y= 8.583360 | ANALYTIC GEOMETRY CONICS Appolonius a mathematician is for the characterization of A locus of a point which moves at a constant distance from a fixed point called the center and the constant distance of any point from the center is called the radius. A locus of a points which are 7 equidistant from @ —jurte responsi the conics™® fixed point called the focus and a fixed line called the directrix. Itis a conic section whose eccentricity is equal to 1. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Er SEIT pa locus of @ point whose sum fan two fixed points called the fod equal the length ofthe sa conic 08 ty is than 1. Of the distances foci is constant ‘major axis 2a, It ‘A loous of @ point whose diference of the | dstances from two fixed points cafed the foci | constant and ants | j i is equal fo the fength of the" transverse f ais2a. isa /|| conic whose xANALYTIC GEOMETRY CIRCLES A locus of @ point which moves at a distance from a fixed point called the center ssn nd constant distance of any point from the conte fy called the radius. © General Equation tee oer yt FeO ® Center at (0, 0) Pepe? ® Center at (h, k) fone gy-weer ANALYTIC GEOMETRY - Zz ‘equation of 2 circles, tae yet xt Ay-3=0 C12 4 ye Bx~ By +7 =0 nine the equation ofthe ot i eee common LUTION: tangent at x+y=1 (common tangent) mine the length of | Deere ye okandae yt a 3 SOLUTION: j A 16x + 64 + y?= 64 (-BF+ (y-OR= 64 y= @2-P y=6.928 2y= 13.86 (chord)LYTIC GEOMETR Ea os ‘Determine the length of the tang x? ty?-4x-5=0 from (8, 2) BEM to the tg Be nas an equation of x? + y= SOLUTION: a ff the sub-normal at (3, 4), 2. Find the yeeaneg tye 54 (x-2)2+ Y- OP = 0 parte ye dt-8 gon uTION: = P+ (2P-4(8)-5 - 25.57 sgub-normal = . ‘Acree has a radius of 5 with its center e equation of the tangent to the circle at - Fig mh [problem ; BAe equation ofthe Curve is x? + y= 25, Find the ee vane tength sub-tangent at (-3, 4). | xeeye= 25 3.4) SOLUTION: | xxity y= 25 rc : | x(3) + y(4) = 25 ‘ wo 4 | Sut dy = 25 AD =5.33 4 (sub tangent)ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Ray Feed 2600 Acree has an equation of x2 + 2, the vale of k when the length ofthe * 0. (5A) tothe cle is equal tone, "ae SOLUTION: Wx? + y2+ ky (1)2= (6)? + (4)2 + 2k(4) 0 Ae apis 4 5 Acircle has its center at (3, - 2). this ta fea we nto tangency of the circle ff SOLUTION: 1 p= Att By, +6 ~ VAP +B = 39)+42)-28 Sxty-2600 9) 3x +4(2)-26=0 3x-18=0 x=6ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ’ There is a fixed cele having @ rag center at (10, 12). Find the equatint® °!€ connecting the centers of al qn! the art all tangent to the fixed circle and the ne (G+ y)? =(12-y?+ (10- xp 36 + 12y + y2= 144 - 24y + y2 +100- 20x +42 32+ 20x = 36y + 208 = 0 IWthe curve Ax? + By? + F = (0,3) and (3, 0), if 0 passes though what kind of curve is this? ANALYTIC GEOMETRY 0 =0is TION 2+ Bye +E , So cue center at (0,0). It cote ee be acre, an can ater hyperbola. ngs" curve passes since 3) and (3,0) romps te curve must be ‘ micle, 28 Show oom total length of the Wry ax Oy 92= 0? OLUTION: pretax 1y-92=0 pean 4) + = 10y +25) ~82=4 +25 (ea 2P #(y-S)P= 121 cole wih coer at 2. 8) eet2t ret Length of curve = 2x(11) Length of curve = 69.12 curve | RT SdANALYTIC GEOMETRY Aime govern te PARABOLA ‘A scalene triangle ABC is a triangle havin 4 points which are A etal sdes. The distance fromthe centug® fA reine focus and att fom a tres tangle to the crcumcenter i 6 units. How jg"? pgp, Te eceentrity ret ated ‘angle td of the angle fromthe orhoceness® set™ alto SOLUTION: at 0, 0 axis along the x-axis open; ee 0 Regn! : opening ante al S ye dax eat a He a | mene? |, Note: “one yea) per Circumcenter = the center Of circumcemer “™™4 yada ireumsering circle yea Certo of triangle = the intersection ofthe medians of, | i fer = the intersection of the fin | | orthocenter = : es fom fatus rectum = xc wich fs perpendicular tothe opposte sag bert bi sus rector 2 of the vertex Eulers line = lines joining the orthocenter, the centig Location hata and the circumcenter Location a Distance from centroid of triangle to the onhocente i Equation of directrix x =-2 always twice the distance from the centroid to the dz de ciroumcenter. a eccentricity q, =1 Distance from the centroid of triangle to the 2 orthocenter = 2(6) = 12 units“LYTIC GEOMETRY ANAL ( Se aa ae ao at (th | “Sh ey Vertex at (0, 0), axis alon SX | - > the x-axis opening , 9 vesparall tox. tothe left gris, opening (0 yrs tax wernt length of latus Lee 4a © A) rectum = 42 vith of latus rectum sha L @ Vertex at (0, 0), axis ‘ along the y-axis, » vertex at (h, K), axis pening upward. Werparalel 10° X- eshy \ axis, pening to ength of latus ‘in Mins the rectum = 4a tee yon t0 -1) fength of fatus Vertex at (0, 0), axis along , rectum = 48 the -raxis, 7 a opening 9 vertex at (h, W), axis» downward. llel to y-axis, ‘opening upward. xee-day length of latus (e-hyt= 4a y-K) rectum = 4a length of latus rectum = 4alel to y-axis, opening downward. (cH)? = 4a (y-) Tength of latus rectum = 4a ® Standard equation of a parabola | a) Axis parallel to y-axis x2 + Dx + Ey+F=0 +b), Axis parallel to x-axis y?+ Dx+ Ey+F=0 Eg NALYTIC GEOMETRY © Vertex at (h, K), axis | ANALYTIC GEOMETRY le me focus of the CURVE x? =. 42yp wanere 6 goLUTION: ge a7? aed focus 20-3 as has an equation of x2 = 20y. Determine ‘Aparabol : the equation of the directrix of the parabola. SOLUTION: pe day 4a=20 a=5 Equation of directrix: y=-5 le y+520{ __ANAINTIC GEOMETRY ‘Acurve has an equation of x2= ty ¢, equation of the tangent at point (4, 4) “Puig mp has an equation of x? = 6 SOLUTION: Gen MMe, | TA paon of the diameter of pide change x? toxx, i ppt the Chord Nag aspect a3 ‘ y+y, soLuTion change y to sre6y 410 a 2 6y x= 16y 26(4/3) ae w(! “) 2.4 (equation of eameter of paraboa) " 2 : 5 Fre graph y =D ~ (x + a) passes through the ey 7 points (0-3) (1.0) and (C0) Fin the vale fC ‘A parabola has an equation of y2 = 8 equation of the parabola, which bisect ine parallel to the line x - y = 4. Chords ‘SOLUTION: x-y=4 y= 8x yexed dy =8 y=mx+b 2y(t)=8 ye4 Y~420 (dirt dpregEa ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ELLIPSE ‘A locus of 8 point whose sum of the two fixed points called foc! is eaten fo the length of the major axis. It is a ‘eccentricity is less than one. ‘A. Conter at (0, 0), major axis is along the x-axis. ey. Xela d+ d= 2a 2 Lats rectum = 2 ate beet c= ae (focus from center) (directrix from center) <1 (eccentricity) a= anecentiy ® 8@ ©ee8868 a @ 4 set (eccentricity) d, ees ANALYTIC COMET ea at (0 0), major axis is along the tes To rae of pope cp . gyeae H+ \ a i ote at t © ef (eccentricity) | sem rw rna eefa ot © (and eccentricity) dy 2@<1 (eccentricity) a, 9 dtd 2e ae @ Latus rectum=—— ¢, Center at (h, k) | axis we canis. | {-» o # con ge KY ® Senta @ caea o 5 4, Net ony @ dytdee 2a i |. Genter at (b, k), major } | axis paralel to y-axis. i . eo? @ #ebiec @ cae a @ ae 4, © entet 4, © dytdr= 2a 0 Lats rectum = 2 TIC GEOMETRY e itance 10M Point A (JE Cosy J sino} the corte of elipse ise ttn ee 2+ _ oa i be find the val 2 on {s6.co80-0) + (8 snao) ee 426.costo +2870 9-300s?0 + Si? 0 (2% grr + 3C0st0=2 “ cos! 0 + 3Cos? = 2 om 2cost0=1 ae am P(x, y) moves with a distance trom point | 4) one half of ts distance fo pute the eccenticty ofthe ame tool 214 SOLUTION: d, 4?,NaLYTIC GEOMETRY feo ™™ 4,= | os 2h- +y a ot ’ ‘ py fe +(y- 1) Won, = By ty? ‘ gaya 16-8y+y’ ay? +dy? By +4= 16 - By + y? | | ax? +3y? = 12 | Raby 4easee Ft c= ag 1226 ©= 0.59 Pca has an equation of x? + 252 - Compute the second eccentricity ofthe cure, 23 SOLUTION: x? + 25y2= 225 whey Bs aati sexo has a general equation of A ome + F=0 Determine the equation of the pat + Bp passes tru points (4,0) and (0,3), : yLUTION: | Sr eBy! +F=0 i ByyFe At(,3) , ede tkee 09 2 = At(4.0) (OF +t 18)=0 FE 9B ap eor eo Bote Fo.46 BL a Ao| ANALYTICGEOMETRY eepy tf xt 8 16-0 gy! +f6y? #144 (ho curve is any aneliipse) "A semielipse and a parabola rests pase 60 meters wide and 20 m. high” ‘common base as x-axis. Determiner Usa et of ordinates at a point 25 m. from Tone itcey? base. contra x=-4a(y-20) When x=30 y=0 (30)2 = - 4a(0 - 20) 7 4a 2 2-48 ~ (25 = 4491-20) yy 6.14 _——MALTTICCHOMETRY 06 ; Been satelite has an apogee of 2450 miles e 2 perigee of 410° miles, As oes Fadius is 400 miles, what is aha Seventy of elipse, wiich form wath the of the sxrtseath atone f0Us and whose apogee an mena be onton above? hit \ TION: soup +400 4009 2450, \ a= 1830 2 1830- et oe ion 18306ANALYTICGEOMETRY oo has an equa A t0ye- 161+ 967 + 144 = 0. Find He 4 rane tangent the CUNe at pont (ay “Wa! SOLUTION: change x? 10 XX, yyy, (x+%) xo toy yo WOH) x2 + 16y? - 16x + 96y + 144=0 + x, 16yy,-16 22) +06 Word ax+ 16(yy- 1) - 8x +8) + 48ly — 1) + 144-9 ax - 16y - 8x - 64+ ABy - 484 144 = 9 32y+32=0 +120 (equation of tangent) 0 Ifthe length of the latus rectum of an clings three-fourths of the length of the minor a determine its eccentricity. ANALYTIC GEOMETRY pea goLUTion: 2e(3\° aeiial + ve (a) +007 2 229 3,210)" “a ae geeea 4 3 74? gore fed ox vd fequation of the curve such thatthe ‘ , he distances of any point ofthe curve fm su of hose coordinates are (3,0) and (3, 0} y Po)‘g ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ym ANALYTIC GE MICE +%et Ee : Sn perimeter of an ellipse x Ler (ae is 0.75 and distance betyess eo" 8a a foc is 6 gowuTiOn: 26 ie How far apart are the directrices of tp, e 9x2 + 25y2- 18x + 100y ~ 116 = 07 ¢ SOLUTION: ome |p | gy2+ 25y2- 18x + 100y- 118 =0 ae | gar 2x 1) #2524 47 +4)- 11695 w8* | | ofc. a)e+ 25(y + 2)? = 225 2544) De | | tt, Wa oy yoo vc! “7 2 +0? as5 b=3 2225 a@=betc? fe | 252940 pete | 3 =a Distance between directrix = 2{ @ “ i 2{3) pute are et Distance between directx = 26) P= 26M8 8 Distance between directrix = 125 unigA locus of a point whose difference of from the two fixed point called the fog“ Stng, andi equal tthe length ofthe avery sO isa conie whose eccentricity is greater yn" ANALYTICGEOMETRY a an CO is 3 , Ong | i 7 +2 | 8 ‘Asymptote y= 2 x A. canter at, 0) with oversea at eae | enter at (0, is seal eis long the | 5 Saemt (eccentric) | a 6 ee y @ ¢xae distance from center to focus op © Distance between vertices = 2a a Standard equation @ Length of ts rectum= Ott Gy? + Dx + Ey+F=0 @ Distance of directrix from the center With no xy term, provided Aand C are of opposite signs. isa=2 eSS | I ANALYTIC GEOMETRY B, Center at (0,0), transverse axis gj, yaxis. mg ® c=ae (distance from center to focus) ® Length of lat rectum= 2 © feet (eccentricity) © dy-d2= 2a COAL 393 | ip Distance of directrix trom center 4 a 5 Asymptotes: yee x «9 Distance between vertices = 2a @ Standard equation ett Cy? + Dx+ Ey+ Fx 0 With no xy term, provided with A and C are of opposite signsANALYTICGEOMETRY ©. Center at (h, K), transverse ati, . to x-axis. Maly (eet WAP ay w-A Ge-OP ® oe EP og RT ® tats reoum= © tats rectum = 2 @ czae distance from to focus @ctae 2 a . =! @ d= distance from to directrix od, © teat h? © ctzateh?ANALYTIC GEOMETRY od POQUIATERAL EYPERBQ}, ~~ cquiatval ‘hyperbola * ah torn rve and cOnUgRD 2x08 hans fag, and whose asymptotes are the" foaach other. PerpenacineA yper002 38 3 quation of 2x? 5). jan of the conjugate ine op ter ig N the 64 equation ofthe diameter is x - Sy = 0 OLUTION: re * diameter y 4-529 yt ope of ate" | e610 | gee t0yy'=9 y-t0p(4) 79 axeyyz0 wey2d (conjugate diameter) is the angle in degrees, betwe er is asymptote ofthe hyperbola x? - 4y?- n the x-axis? 4p 2x- 6359, a SOLUTION: peat hp 6321 (x-2p 4 y- OF = 64 Gin buey od mone a a asymp gind the length ofthe mine Maton es He ais, 8 ( SOLUTION: py22? 29)=# a2424 2848 feng of conjugal axisgpYTICGEOMETRY an asymptote of @ hypetey, of latus rectum "ne equation wpa wy = 2 whi poses thy (§ 3 we arg 3: a Determine the length of the latus rectum, } SOLUTION: . Prroblem: | ¥ oY at P2004, Fre coordinate axes are asym, ay enh, equilateral hyperbola whose vate hte Sad () haa itn of ie hyper the origin ae a P= i a — SOLUTION: ee : | Boy roa pee | wp = 3v2 5p? - 36a? = 4a BP a ye (22) sony i y=m+b 1008? 360° = teat 92) = 2xy Z x m=2 64= 16a? yd 7 wel a=2 a b=22)=4 aeP wy, id 4 6) if the curve Ax? + By? i ye + R= bea be oy? =16 (0.3) and (4,6) what kind otouvelsheft jyTIC human (-16) _ ae (Gr ar) 0 are - 167? + 144=0 This curve isa hyperbola OEE Pilea as wnat is the vertical asymm, eM II Ot Be ce Y? Ot #3 OLUTION: x 7 ay oe KS y 3x? + x 32 x wae ee th-3)=0 4-320 Fi Yat pd fhe Rortzontal asymplole of he cune 2!itty? =4t4yry? eadyt4 eedytt) Length of the latus rectum = 4 Compute the area of the curve having a euatonofr=2Si+2Cos9 |ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ‘sOLUTIO! 4. 1225in0+2Cos 0 utiply by rboth coef. and right equation: | 2 =2rSin 6+ 2rCos 0 weyheayee (tet t) +? 24 ETAT (et Hy 2 ‘Thisis acc wih radius = v2 Area=ar? Area = (2) ‘Area= 6.28 ‘A cue has an equation of 1? Sin 26 = 6. Transform into rectangular coordinates. ‘SOLUTION: Sin 20 =6 #2Sin 0 Cos 0 =6 party ind the latu FEU. Uo he curve r S88 = Cos | rin? 9 = Cos @ fy\’ (x) ‘We “bd yx y= dax 4a=1_ fetus rectum Latus rectum = 1ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ices of a triangle has polar triangle, SOLUTION: 9(6)Sn 4" Lr x=rCos¢ , coordina ieoy 20) ad 70 mn _ ate om Fo 8) Fd enna a2 9. Cartesian ee ms x2rCos 8 ‘ 28008 30° or Determine the equation of the ‘ Curve in Cartesian | coordinates having a po at equation of . b yerNALYTIC GEOMETRY 2 _ y a 4xe eo The cur 4 12K, Ine is ae Cartesian coordinates,» °" lin, Tyee NALY ms ™ © Distance between two points: fers yrezi) and (Xe, Yo, 22) d= fl -%F Wa -Yal He, -2,F | @ istance from point (x J, 2) 0 the plang Ax+By+C2+D=0 Ax, + By, +02, +D £AP+B'+C? @ General Equation of the plane ‘Ax+ By+ C2+D=0 @ Equation of Plane in Intercept form: Ky aZef ABC ANALYTIC GEOMETRY ‘oy ‘Angle between two planes rx Bsy+ C124 Ds= 0 ang Aox+ Bry C224 D2= 0 AA +8.8,+6,0 Cos 0= aac Be indicular vines: Distance Between tag Aaxi* Brys+ C1214 D)=0 axe Boye C2224 Dre 0,2 2 A+B; +C; aoe ees | A+B? +C? | | prde-dr and Equation of plane passir points: essing through three X42 ae o\yALYTIC GEOMETRY i 7 paints of intersection ofthe mediang tht xt rr *Y¥s YO 3 anrey +2, i & yt x” 3 | | fe angle between the { Fd ge 90 0 and X— 342429) SOLUTION: 4, +B,B, *C,C, Cos O° ree? +C? arse aay te) +0 Cos 8* TTT OF OPE o=6717 ANALYTICG EOMETRY 7 Fag te Sanoe fom pot, ene 0. LUTION: 5-3) the plane ‘ax, +By, +z, +D 4) +15) + 86-3) +33 a Meta g=2 oo ‘equation of the plane ( Fase te plane ery ene 1-2 { SOLUTION: | xt dytz=4 3(2) +411) + 1-3) =K ke? Equation of plane: gut dy+z=7 Find the perpendicular distance between th axty+62+33=Oand ry +8 segANALYTIC GEOMETRY | 315 ANALYTIC GEOMETRY | so.uTiON: oY cee eee EE oe tong 0, = “yee a \Iprepero vay 7 uation Tarrarrae 3 Gomon of x2 + #22 4+ 22— 2x + By + 162+: 65=0. LUTION: ) + (y2 + By + 16) + (2? + 162+ 16) 0, 30 ares i = = x x eee V4) ene lay + (FFF ee J 1" +652 1416 +64 yay tae (e+ 8 = 16 pistance betwoon he Planes. 1 o-2-(-3) conto (1,-4.-8) b c ; } p= Be7 Find the equation of @ sphere of radi cae re of rads 3, ang inate planes if | Ge centers in the first octant | eT, | T? a areal ooo) i ne3 a By 23 4 73 _ fe nyie y-WP* Dt whore (ke and) are coordi centor ofthe sphere. nates of ny | Het Y- KP eae 3+ V-3P# @-3F=8F 2. 6x+94y2- 6y #9#22- 62495 yreyet 2- Ox 6y-62+ 18= 0 ano SOLUTION: yTIC GEOMETRY : = 3 4? ee MaP era 8 ¢ , s 7 0 4, = Taree? +C? NaF +E QRS pistance between the planes: 9=4,-¢; -3.{. 2) e-o (9) p= Be7 Equation of Sphere: (x-hP + yh? + (2-pPer where (h, k,- and j) are coordinate center of the sphere. ty et ANALYTIC GEOMETRY & ute the center of the sphere ‘Compt n of x2 + y+ 22 — 2x + By + 162 + 65 =O an ‘OLUTION: 2 2x41) + (9? + By + 16) + (22 + 1 ¢ Neier etn tAP# (2+ BR = 16 center (1, - 4-8) rnd the equation of 2 sph i one aon of 2 sphere of radius 8, ang coordinate planes if the center isin the first ootant SOLUTION: n=3 k=3 J 223 * (chet yk + (2-jPa ee togeegaee eae 2-6 +94 y2- by +9 + 22- paew era ere aANALYTIC GEOMETRY Find the equation of the plane whi equal angle with the coordinate axis ay a " 1 volume of 288 cu.units from the fist oi SOLUTION: Wstoctan,"“t Ah 22 z 3 x 2 xy(z) | ) YF ala) x=12 Equation of plane: xtytze 12 y=12 z=12 ANALYTIC GEOMETRY | 417] po, ofthe tetrahedron bounded by the planes andthe = plane AL aries 2 TION: soy raz 24=0 enxandy 20, en x and 2 =0, wretyand2=0.%= 3 The distance between points (7, 3, 6) and (2, 10, 4) is equal to:a NM ca lin 7s Ea ANALYTIC GEOMETRY im baulotoa ian. Tre shes ian Sale forthe vale of RIS ag DIFFE SOLUTION: a RENTI AL 4, = (1-1 #(2-6 +6-27'5.0 ao CALCULUS 4, = M-5F #(2-2F + (6-2F yo s +(6-2)* d, = 16 +(6-2/ PART 5 4=4, ia = 6 +(6-2° 32=16+(6-2)? (6-2)'= 16 6-224 2=6-4 © z=2DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS. DIFFERENTIAL CALCuny, a ae ot) = cgc2y 5 tel = ctu d(w) (see) o -secutany SY Onn x ow “dx dum) _ 9M, av 9 Sel ew tow ge tl dese) = -eseweatu $2 dare tan u) _ duldx | ; = ox 1+u2 dfarccotu) | duldx 0 eget “442 d{aresec u) _ _duldx ; 7 a uVur-4 9 saecseu) , dude ax 7 wutDIFFERENTIAL CALC ULUS_ DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS renee rere ~ eo Piper — Sears ees — d(logau) duldx 0 Sas") = Jags e Suc goons) = coshu $2 9 iow) dul ¢ dx u di hw) « si = goes) = sin dlogtou o 12H = logue dle e 1 Note: logioe = oases ggnbel = sech?u 42 PEnnceegsr ress ee ieee ey syste) = -esch2u x da") du . | o He = tina B : | 0), vt aisechu) . du 0 Me eat 9 2ssebel = -sechutanhu qu u ° wt + Win Y ce " 2 x a o He y =-eschucothu 3 9 ieau) _ logae du xe Fu dkSer In the equation of y = !(1-2) ae 22) approaches a value of ero ‘SOLUTION: tig 2) Setz= 0.0001 nie ‘xt ooo) : 8 o000T Evaluate the limit of approaches 5. SOLUTION: x5) z wes a, Soe eS Sas 7! Gay lit x-5 afl % 135 OWT peeueb ee + the simi, ay & sana as x approaches zero, iit of [ran +) « Smeal at 280% «ig EE = 0080 19 i) a e the pont of inflection of fhe graph WhereDIFFERENTIAL CALCULUs 8, 425% =0 Ys el y=12 (2,13) ‘A pattiole posi position in the xy are =o +3 Satya nd ti {ofthe pares veloty af fant Take he derivative wih respedtig te te SOLUTION: om | eae? y \ | gy | Mea ra a” |g $49)= 20 (x-component of parce velo Y) Find’ ifx= 2arc cos 2t and y = 4 are sin 2¢ ae DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS find te value of 2 ity=x?, s0.u7ON 7 pte natural gars bose: ny=¥? nx yee(1) ye) y' =x" (x+ 2xlnx) yex™ (1¢Inx?) +2xInxfe siope of the curve y=x3 + 6x4 : through (0, - 4). SOLUTION: year+ Ox-4 y=3e6 y=a0r+6 y=6 (slope) ait | Find te tangent tothe curve y= xe atx= 9 SOLUTION: ye Wf 2yet +0°(1) a 4y -ogett +e Y= 4.006 What is the slope of the” cune y= 2xt— 3x2 + x12— 200 at x = 32 DIFFERENTIAL car): moe NALCucens see #20 yi 20-604 2 1 y' 280 + y' 283) -6(3)+ 4 Day = 198.29 (stope of recur) ‘The sum of two numbers is a. The product of by the square of the other is 10 be a maximum: ( Determine one of the numbers, = the other number =x)? (2-X)(2) #x2(-1)=0 ||FRERENTIAL CALCULUS A mefost of producing an ite ed th Ar cost of producing an iem can be dayne Tepe equation C = x? 176x + 180, ypu fottg nrber of units tht the Company met fow many units should the company may Mate inorder to minimize the cost? fact SOLUTION: 28x? - 176x+ 1800 SG - 46x- 176=0 & x= Munits Fearn top box wih @ Square bot fecangular sides 1S 10 have @ volume of and weaves. Find the dimensions that rey hount of mattial. Hint: The amos? at minimum mmatorial needed for @ Box IS equal to the surag, cori (enn SOLUTION: — sx +40))) very , DIFRER ENTIALCALCULUS a «(08 7 $s ro gest 8 YF Dimension is 8 x 4, Find. the maximum value function C(q) = 77 + iz by the cost | 05455000. 324 = 0.000292, | SOLUTION: = | C(q) = 77 + 1.32q - 0.000292 C= 1.32 -0.0004q = i C(q) = 77 + 1.32(8300) - 255 ) -0.0002(3300)DIFFERENIALLALLULS 01 by (of 48 cum. is to be constryee ad with are te top and bottom costs ps Te a meter, for the sides P4000 per .” Pet sau seer What height of tank will give the Tin ° con UTION: very ary ote) #49400) 2, 16000x(48) C= 800K" + cto’ + 28002 ce x © en. BEP=0 ‘000? = 768000 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS pox ‘oylindrical tank is to be ee with a total area of 115 Bratt volume posse? Made using steel ™. What is the v r V=ar (18.30: 1?) \ OV -5(1830- 37) =0 dr Vearh V= n(247)44.94) V= 94.68 cum.DIFFERENTIAL CALCULU shorteut: near formax. voume of closed cylingg, veath vent) h=2(24 vext n=agy” az dnth + 2a? V=ar 115 = 2nn(2) + 2nt? Venoy 415 4a? + 2? Vaan Pay 12247 Scum, BE ae with reg 2608 (2+ *8)? ae x of ‘SOLUTION: y=2Cos(2+%°) fy op Snia4 13 $i =m sin 5°) = -oe'sine+s’) is the slope ofthe y= et 3x2 + 012 290 at x = 27 te DIFFERE) , OLUTION: ATL CALCUL § yr2oe bes ha? 1 y' 282) -8(2) + Bp 7 8285 z jerete culvert is to be Aon in the form a ego ae with cross. semi-circle. The area ofthe erss-scenen st OY 8 24 square meters. Find the width petimeteris minimum, 80 that its SOLUTION: ro) As ay , aasEty : 24- BepfERENTIAL CALCUL _____ DIFFERENTIAL cat SSX, 1m ee one Be om A Bean ese ; i : Of 512 cuinches thar ance ere 2.48. F 4120 die a wo va cP et Bet sm 24% ss | | x=1.689 a \ ‘Shorteut : ce | paris: Tt height = with ; | x Az2nrhtat*(2) 4 me 54 | a | 1024 pz 024 son? gy ent =. f 8 GA 21004 ge wife oF ixr=0 121639 ok rn 1=433inchesDIFFERENTIAL CALCULYg ’An open rectangular box is to be 12 inch piece of tin by cutting squa sre from the comer and folding up the sides idee they oo, 7 es value of x to maximize the ‘ee ‘at He w SaLUTION: 1 Re V=(12-209- 2000) V=(12-2x)(9x- 2x2) M5 (12 20)9- 4x) + (Ox ~ 240) 2)=9 te 2x)(9- 4x) = 2(0x — 2x2) 4108 ~ 66x + 8x2 = 18x - 4x2 4x2 Bax + 108 = 0 22 7x+9=0 253 and 1.7 Use x= 1.7 jie SNS WHEE D IFFER ENTIAL CALCULUS Fi PO on the cay 8 int (2, 1 *yts et ie = 1 closest to = (K-2P Hyp etyet Pa AA SY? yey BH AKASH? ae 4x+6-2Vtxewar “ir DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS rT sof an open rectangle re Avcoroe and aks @ perimeter of aoe ty qe eange Of & rciecto s R= aoe = Fad he ais ofthe sacle tw mag rial veloctyV and the aceeaton due to gr Fi eee indoonstant. Find the angle @ that maximises te SOLUTION: . range of the project. pant x+2y Oo : 2 pao Poyindrical tank radius 10 f. is being filed with Arata atthe rate of 314 cufl. per minule, How fast is the depth of the water increasing in ft. per minute?DIFFERENTIAL CALCULL ge ‘m. long steel pipe has its upper end leani ing Ao Jnst a vertical wall and lower to heen neat na a9 of 2 oTUSEC. How fast is the pipe rain the lower end is 2m. trom the wall 2 radisec? sOLUTION: poe cos 0* 395 on the rim of a 0.60 inch diameter a noi hea =ar0 C08 a5 } Apoint traveling at 75 fisec. What is the angular lig ofthe wheel in radians per second? Velocity 1 0. ol) SOLUTION: is a (sh V= 756s. a3 = 20258 when x= 200m ins a. pale c= 900 rad / sec. (ai «0 ==0.008944 rad / secDIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Sand is pouring ffom @ Spout at the ‘cclsee. It forms @ cone whose height is Tate gf % Ge rads offs base. At what rate in oma iy height increasing, when the cone is 50 cm get ‘SOLUTION: 7 ean siding a carat the rate of 30 kph towards the fot ofa monument 6 m high. At what rate is he approaching the top when he is 36 m from the foot of the monument? ‘Agil on a wharf is puling a the rate of 0.9 ms. If the hands of te 43 att the rope at 38 m. above the level ne oe Paling | fast is the raft ay of water, | PProaching the whan wrens PM 6m. of rope out? when there is ‘SOLUTION: giz x2+ (38) +1444 When S=6 B= x2 + 14.44 x= 4.64vs SKF sq” at TIAL VALLULUS DIFFERES a (09) 464 & 2963/5 at oo, point A at 30 Kh, Another Aca B at the same time, drives car Howard A at 60 Kph. B is 30 km aviay from | ae fast in kph is the distance between tyq, A rs changing afl 30 minutes? SOLUTION: wat ENE | ALCALCULEs 2 (30)? + (30 ~ 602.9 oa ni t= 05h “EMC 18) + (0)? 215)0) Cos 6g P= (15? gz 15km t= tae Ot? + 900 ~ 36001 + 36 30012 — 4500t + G09 9S ~ a16300)1- 4500 2s atts) = 1260008) 450 9S = 60 88 = 60koh | ‘Aman ' diving a carat a speed of 45 kph aang | a straight ine passing 20 min font ofa 15 m hgh monument. At what rate is his distance fom the top of the monument changing 4 seconds afer he passed in front ofthe monument?cea Soe l ae _w pneNTIALCALCULUS am wee =SCltlt OLUTION: “ky so ] ve oe a \ | venrriat L ml | INTEGRAL se => Mat we = (1250? #200" when = 196256) 625 PART6 | s=559m | ge = 156.251 +625 9S - 9(156.25)t sq as _ 156.25(4) a. 69 98 2 41.18m/s dt ns ge = (12517 + (20F + (187 o 9S -44.18(38) at 9S = 40.25 kph at sR TF ET ar! IOOtin NIN BmINTEGRAL CALLULUD INTEGRAL CALCULUS A f ut du= a te ; fi = inure a x feurins te jee eee | | 5. f vdv = we f vou 6. f Sinudu = -Cosu+c 7 f Cosudu = Sinu+c ren 8 s Secu du = In (sec ustanu) +¢ . S Cscudu = In (ese uy. 4 cot uy s¢ 0 f Sec?udu = tany te wf Csc2 udu = ~ cot y te 12. S tanudu = insec y te af cotudu = insinus¢ 4 f Secu tan udu = sec y te ff Cscu cot udu = -¢s¢ ~escuse du 16. SS STAG + wnt. du ITs dog 2a Inu ur a2) seINTHGRALCALCULLS 0 fae ONES), ut? Z aw 20. Sz a } nee ea tes { tt = are Sin4 + Vat-u2 a =F aresec! te s wWi-a 4 au etan ec a@+ue a ; 1 th = GF aresec¥ 19. j 1 u a octane .¢ INTEGRAL CALCU SLT 1 3xdx tof ee vouale [a SOLUTION: Let u=2x? +4 du=4x. fe =lnu u 73 te faa 23 [hoe +a | | =} {iar +4)-rfagp +4} = 1.605Ia Rel pe What ig Wis known fh value of f) SOLUTION: woe foe 7 a 7 eee o)=4 fap rcn4 2 23 10) F ben x=? 3 yoy 42)= 72) a-me=4 c=6 =3 a : 0) G0 = 0" +6 0)20-046 40) Te vue of fs) when x= 0's 6 wen x= 100)= (3X 7a) ® INTEGRAL, CALCULUS | 455 INTEGRATION ar Lin Laven a : ermine the val ms a lue of f eax OLUTION: x41 = A(K- 1) +Bx when 4#120+8(1) B=2 when x=0| = [-inxt 2mm -1)) = [Inet -inx], 5 ae ne na. ne 2 =1.856 C CMTE dk Brana [ SOLUTION: tatue Vie wetedk vravet x=(? 1?yTBGRAL CALCULLS | 7 cut INTEGRAL crcryys 459 | i fan (a vt Evaluate ig xCos* x dx LUTION rect Walis formula: (for even exponents Reg = 205)(3)(13)¢4 4 8 x dx = ICMR) | ps x Cos* x dx = Toney aya) 3 4485" } p int x Cos x dx= 0.0368 INTEGRATION BY PARTS integral of x Cos (4x) dx =10 ie nein oti (48) 4x wit ove C6 SOLUTION: _2 6 i a Tare = al- g Using integration by parts: ody =u fv du fea ietusx — dv=Cos 4x dx cu dx ve $ SindyTHGRAL CALCULUS I INTE ‘MT OLT Te pees SB New ena ffe y)8¢9 © A= fon) “Ty SOLUTION: ar 2 : fevmrttrls | cafes <{{[9 ve) a { = 18499) : = {gr sr} : nef n)e fee “pM WH | | fy i - 414], ® Ae fy Ny iat 31 4 . oe : es 4 @ A= [yt ] ooINTEGRAL CALCULUS y= Bf ana lney=-2 sou al “2 yet yt?) sy fye18 , 21 8y-36=0 i 19242 | Vege | | yr a | xqge225 xa" 1242508 Az 4) 7 INTEGRAL CALCULL'S a a [= a 7, 2 9 al 3 Ae (3) eae 3] -ffevar +1812). S129] 14950-(-1228) Find the area ofthe region bounded by the curves 128 the xanis, x= ‘and x= 4, piaeiengy |INTEGRAL CALCULUS 4 2K a6 [zea ™ 4], azo fin +4], azoin(t6+4)- in(t +4) ae m2) 65 Az6in (2) | a6ind Ee (Force x Distance) coe tank having a radius An pt water drained by a veical pipe sara s 08 m. above the top ofthe tank: How me work is done in emptying bid full content of INTEGRAL Work = Force x Dis LCULUS 465 | tance Force = We eg Fee = 020] 4)acay a Distance = =08+y yo eH soon Distance = 0.8 + 0.45 = 1.25 m Work = 35.5035(1.25)= 44.38 kN, = 443g 4 Amine cable weighing 60 Nim's unweund tom a cindrcal drum. tthe lover end ofthe cane | initialy 15 m below the drum how much work is. done iT gravity as an additional 100 mis» are unwound? SOLUTION: Work = 60(100)(15 + 50) a Work = 390,000 Nem__INTEC EGRAL CALCULES Rua a 7 : VePa cos) a oo on ”, @ CYLINDRICAL SHELL METHOD. 4 et. * aly3-y3) =f alive ve fal { y { jo: | | @ CIRCULAR DISK METH a } * pea A) vepa(e#)INTEGRA 8) { Pl v +f Onyx dy 0 , CALCULUS y ‘A 1) leva INTER: CALCULUS By using Pappus Theorem, — by revolving te ane nth easy 100, and Be by te eo = 100, ° ; SOLUTION: °* i, about hexane Volume using second proposition of Pappus A= tenab V=A2nr ¥ = Saale) = 83.776 cuunitsme gene! erated by revoir NG the Find are (2, 2), (4, 8), and whose vertices (6, ae wet : = Ha) a) 12 OLY +4? -16 ae d=32 Using 2nd proposition of Pappus : V=A2nd ve so 2n (32) V= 241.27 cuunits it LLTEN Rete ty ne Y Find the length of one are of the cu Ive whose parametric equations are x = 69 . § ee aca Sin 8 and SOLUTION: x=6(8- Sin 0) ¥= 6(1~Cos 9) This curve is called cycloid x=6(0-Sind) 7 & -6-6co80 owt do Ley. # Fe 7 Olt -Cos 0) y=6(1-Cos@) % -65n0 sf (%)° +(g) do S= [f[6-6c056y +(6Sin 6”? deINTEGRAL CALCULUS + aaa sf 36 -72 Cos 0 + 36 Cos"o + 36 S535 % h s*{ 96-72.Cos 8 +36(Cos8 + Sita) yg 9= [CO do x sf f-T2.0088 48 s= [fa G8 8 | $= “fete 00 | ae sin 1: 1-088 op # é saw 52/34 do NTEGRy Lealery a B Ps 205 [ geal (3)- ox$ 24008180 C050 ge-2tt-1) = AB units check? 78a 5646) I hee ba * 08 | 5248 384 8) Whats the perimeter of r= SOLUTION: TAC p sf + ()° ao 1=3(1+Cos 6) 12 =9(1+Cos 0)?——— ~Yy -NTHGRALCALCULUS sf [a(t + 2 Cos 0 + Cos’e) +9 Sin?® gy sf 9+ 18 Cos @ +9Cos"8 +9 Sin? gg g= [9 18 Cos 0 + 9(C0s°0 + Sin?6) $= [Nib 180080 0 = [OAK O88) 60 $=3 {y21#00s0) 40 3-0 pi+6 de do NTEGRY LU INTEGRALS 8 se a(se 4] , on (Sin 2 -Sin 2) s=24( Sinz Sn 9) $=24(1-0) g=2 Check Perimeter of r= a(1 + Cos @) or r= a(1 - Cos 6) Perimeter = 8(a) 1=3(1+Cos 6) Perimeter = 8(3) = 24 units| INTEGRALCALCEL NO INTEGRALCALCULLS. Ea Is _WNIEGR ~ A particle moves accordi 122% Ps st 7 -(0+t cas tremta ttm | Asien ef 0 | mete s ae covered bythe parle when 2" the Song sm (16)? SOLUTION: 207 deta 1 ear -(16)"*] nae y=ae $7 & Log ay 4m in dt ca in the xy plane such that its y= 4tdt patie ime t> 0 is given BY x(t) = 3% - 19t dS = (dx)? + dy)? jon for HT wat is the slope of the tangent to (=e ke =4? a8 = (3? at)? + rane ena patil wen t | ds= Vor +16 at yet 68= V9 +16 tat x 1 HK 26-19 et poe 46 s 76 J +16)" 18t dt at 7 ; . yore 1 2 S= a can ee™1(2) lo at = 1 por 7 s= [or +167"), 2 shoeThe path of a particle in the x the parametric equations ee 10 ef ere represents the length of pat Soy equal to: path from t= 21g SOLUTION: L=flal + a x(t) =hnt awl at y(t) =5t? +11 is gi in yey ang that Big Y ero at Ley (a) + oy? at Lf [f(g at ga. of a particle moving in the xy "ne Cost, t?~ 121) for t= (0, 2; ne s(t , 27). For what pine of y does the path of the partici rah al tangent? en IGpUTION: 420 for horizontal tangent a ay eo? 1270 a 122 yoyet 1 ye? 122) y28-m4 yz-6 \ ‘plane curve has parametric equations xi!) = t2 and y(t) = t+ 32, An expression for the rate of fhange of the slope of the tangent to the path of the curve is equal to:SOLUTION: yeyet +3 Rete of a 461 ‘om a éy. (2) xt a iat Sea fy Lat gy. lat oe 3? x asa 4p +6t A 0 +3 (oe) TRparige moves in the xy-plane for > 0 gq | qe P—Atand yt) =n Attime t= 1, dete that the direction of the particle mine SOLUTION: x(t)=t? 4 x Bend at & 2 91)-42- qs 2 (left) Therefore, the particle is moving to the left and up. INTEGRAL CALCULUS Mector of a particle moving in the xy- Frye velar nes (# 6c" a) for all real t. If the position of él patio at t= 1s (0, 5), then what is the tm Fon vector of Me particle? SoLuTION: i a y at 4c V, =5 when We 5=2e° +C, 20 went =1 5=3+C, sur +C, G=2 3 Gra y = fee" 2 dt Vector: 2-2 (3 pus 3 gq? 42) y28 te eee) a aricle moving in the xy-plane has position vector (e".vf} fort 0. Find the aoeleraton vector of the particle. chaco INTEGRAL CALCULL’s : INTEGRAL CALCULUS iy a SOLUTION: — i. 0088 we a sin6) + Cos Ker) gat Fa y =e dy soe y' =4e* 4 ® cosh +Sno $ rea B= cr5n0+Cos0 § yet 3 ; 17 50050 ar (220860) - (Sin 6) a (2-Cos 6)? ot when B= > ar, 0:3 dy _ 1 Cos +Sin6 g { pe 2-O ck -rSin+Cos8 g | | A polar curve is given by p=_ 3 3 2-Cosg oes gy Determine the slope of the curve at @ = 1/2, wo 4 x } SOLUTION: 2m y=rSin6 woen 8 7 | 5 3 we ing P = 5C0s 5 z 100s 0+ Sind =e 2-Cos 5 E 3 e DJ TThe positon vector of a particle m, ov Jane is (2, Sint). What is the distance’, the the paricl fromt=Otot= x7 ance Mave ‘SOLUTION: xe? y=Sint a Y, & =cost = roar s=p la) +(3) @ sf fn? +(Cost at sf Vat + Cos dt = 10.354 the area inside the polar curve r = 3 + 2 Co SOLUTION: y a alg a asd pr co =f @+2ces0) ao ax A= 345575 = moves in the xy-plane so that its 02 seceteration vector for time t > 0 is (Bt, 2). 1 velocity vector at = 16 (5,0), then how fast wy paricle moving when t= 3? _ OLUTION: jor asee x2 E16, y=20ht+c, x22P +6, For t= 1 the vector (5,0) x22 +C, y=20Int+C, Peat 0=20n1+C, 6-3 c,=0 Velocity vector is (2t° + 3, 20'nt) Atte Velocity vector = 2(3)° +3, 201n3 Veoaty vector = (57, 20 n 3) v= fry + (20In3y Vv = 61.088INTEGRAL CALCULUS ‘Aparticle moves in the xy-plane so th for time t > 0 is given by the Parana eS x() = et and y(t) = V3t+1. Give the ex for the distance traveled by the partis 8” inenvalt= (1.5) Se on the SOLUTION: Safle" +31 dt 4 Find the area enclosed inside the polar curve = 10 Cos(26). Ng OLUTION: 1 pe neg sew aes f4[19cos20y}95 a=? [100082 a CRALCALCLLLS CALCULUS y =20 [008 20 ¢0 Dey ; az 2 sin20 Az [10'Sin20].* azrnfsna( 3) -Sine A=10 PaaCos Areasa’RAL CALCULUS INTE apart moves inthe XY-PIANE $0 that ig vector forthe time 0 SS 10s (viooa ity which of the folowing statements tue g 7 particle when t= 1? svi Fyne particle is slowing down (the decreasing) Peed ig 1) The particle is speeding up. ¢) The particle is atest 4) The speed ofthe particle is 9 +2. oUt hg ‘SOLUTION: ve fico) + ca? = ¥i00- t01+4t? -10+8t 24100- 10t+ At? -10+8)_ - -2 2<9 *Fyoo-10+8 | 2A Since the derivative of speed is negative, then the speed is decreasing or slowing down, < ale ai2 B article MOVES in the xy i the interval 1.25 ¢ 28" values of ime yarametric equations xi) = yt) 2 © = 242 + 484. For what vee and Y this jpterval is the fine tangent to the ical? ath of the particle vertical? SOLUTION: x2cosnt YEU -24? + g5p Y oye at 48+ 45, a Sint =0 nt=0 when t=3 = Sin (0) = 0 - Sin x(3) = 0 whent= 1 Values of tis t = 2 “Sin x=0 dbo went? 1.25<2<375 ccna 125<3<375A pattie moving in xy-plane has { Aceler, 1) ion vector (tape atte The til g rest atime t= 0. Give the velocity vector of a) bed ity the particle ay time b) Determine the velocity vector at time t = 3. ¢) How fasts the particle moving at ime t= 3p 4) What is the total distance traveled y particle in the time interval at? = 1170(128) , 1 g44qy/ 128)" = HEPA ora a 0 = 425 revolutions PHYSICS AN MCAS pa <= ‘Abicycle wheel with radius of 13 inches mak fevolfions er Second, What isthe speed ane pieyel in inches per second? SOLUTION: vero V=13(12)n = 6(2n) V= 490 inisec, co? 12nradisec What is the angular speed of a car rounding a circular tur of radius 110 m. at 50 kph? SOLUTION: 50000 Veor V> 3500 13.89 = «n(110) v= 13.89 mis 0.126 rad/sec. | | aE ee j ‘A point on the rim of a G-inch diameter wheel is traveling at 75 fps. What is the angular velocity of the wheel in radians per second? SOLUTION: V=75 hs Vero ).2500 300 rad / sec.of 1B cme. th rads ofthe wheel whats the angular speed ofthe SOLUTION: Melinda Vero w= 09 rad/sec. ‘Fors wheel with @ 50 ft radus revolutions per minute. makes 1.5 a) Find the angular speed of the Fer rami, ms whee in t) Find the linear speed in min <) Find the nee speed in mph SOLUTION: a) Angular speed ofthe Feris whee in rain = 15(2r) o=3nradinin (o= 942radimin b) Linear speed in fiimin, = 471 fmin PHYSICS PHYSICS AND Mt AND MECHANICS me) 503 a Linear on anion, inmph ATG) _ = Tyeinch circular power say wolutions per minute. Find fe linea speed the ang OLUTION: Tolates 5209 ular speed and Angular (9 8200(2n) = 32,672. radmin _ 1% Veto 302(32672.6) 60 = 1645 ft seo, ‘At what speed is a bicyclist travelir inch diameter tres are rotating at anommrsn | | of x radsec? SOLUTION: Ven Zl 2 ve Zon = 2424 in/ see.oe 1 the dia, ar speed in vase ‘Atruck s moving at rate of 90 kph a its wheel is 1 meter. Find the angu per minute SOLUTION: Vero 20000 = 95.0 0 «0 = 3000 rad / min. ‘What is the angular speed in rad/sec. of @}, second hand of a watch )_ minute hand of watch )_ hour hand SOLUTION: 4} In every second, the second hand travels a ae (B)s6 mn angle # gf). 2-0( 2) (0.1047 rad / sec, ) Inevery second, the minute hand travels 010+ (§) =12 ® of x), $ -o1( 5) 0.001745 rad / sec, aN angle of PHYSICS AND MECHANICS ip every second, the hour hand trae fj Chae ls an angle of 1) (x Bela) 1.45.10" rad / see, oom can withstand a maximum tension ‘AAO N without breaking. A child ties 23.6 N stone fo one end and holding the other end whits the ftone in a vertical cicle of radius 0.80 m slowty increasing the speed until the sting breaks. What ig the speed ofthe stone as the string breaks? SOLUTION:peeal coin iS placed on a fy fumiable. The tunable is observes "Rony tracy tree revolutions in 3.3 sec," may ‘ofthe coin when it rides without 2 iste distance of 5.2 cm from the center Ping at see acceleration ofthe coin? 8 lume SOLUTION: Vero mete ‘scat weighing 800 kg runs at 60 kph aroung unbanked circular curve with a radius of 100 mr What force of fiction on the tres should be ther be to prevent the car from sliding? PHYSICS AND MECHANIC: : SEUTANICS 0 lr EZ 216667 =) 1 peta penn 2 dia UL Taa coe ara: PrN ae con Patten Peta ata ren a Sell nnn 4 velocity in m/s t 2284 m/s A= aMpltutein meters | T= period in sec. | ») Ae 7 | vt ae m/s? Kinetic Energy Ex= 4mv?d) Potential Energy ~ Ep= 4 KS? @) Force Fema ‘82 kg body vibrates in simple harmonic mo with an amplitude of 0.03 m and a perigg to? seconds. ts a) Compute the velocity ofthe vibratin the midpoint. 9 Body ay ) Compute the acceleration inthe vibration + ©) Compute the kinetic energy atthe midpog | SOLUTION: ) Velocity of the vibrating body at the midpoint ve 2A « 2n(0.03) 7 5 ) Acceleration in the vibration = V2. (0.038)? _ a= gg 7 20K8m/ )_ Kinetic energy at the midpoint Ex=% mV? Ex=% (2)(0.038)? Ex = 0.00144 Nm. = 1.4.x 109 Joules 0.038 m/s PHYSICS AND MECHANICS RRO Raine [Naame easton — oo, Mercedes Benz down a straight Ament 52 kn a 40 Koh al which point ne ran et *ire man walked 1.5 km farther to the of ot gas station in 25 minutes. What isthe orocity of the driver from the time thatthe oeeried fo the time thatthe driver artived at the gas station? SOLUTION: 3 dstence he vaveled= 52+ 15=67km 2 2 =328min | | roslinene vowed 32(60)+25=328min | ‘Total time he traveled = 0.547 hrs ‘A particle moves along the x-axis according to the equation x = 50t + 102, where xis in meters and t in seconds.PHYSICS AND MECHANICS 4) Determine the average veloc during the first 3 sec. ofits motir b) Determine the instantaneous ie a Of the Patigg: ian particle at t= 3 sec. iY OF thy ) Determine the instantaneous the particle at t = 3 sec. a0CNleaton oy SOLUTION: a) Average velocity during the ” 9 the frst 3 sec, of iy n x=50t 4 10! whent=3sec. . AVerage Velocity = 240 x= 50(3) + 10(3 3 x=240 Average velcty = 80 m, b) Instantaneous velocity at t= 3 sec, x= 501+ 1017 2h V=50 4209) . V=110m/s ©) Instantaneous acceleration V=50+20t PHYSICS AND MECHAN! ogra ANS J ne A od of 25. the ground 2? Vo long ‘om 7 ‘eke 10 reach as highest he high does it ise? ant time wil itbe 27 m. above the ground? HON: Tine it take to reach its highest point a) 0= (2. n= 32.37 meters 9 tie it vated am me above the ground ————PHYSICS AND MECHANIg A balls ; Cet ofS na tag baiting. The bal shies 2 wv the tO of ground level 4 seco in nd tay Slater, Fing ea ay window above somone eae hei be . =Va?=2gh Othe = (3-20.81 2 eben : Tine of ravel fom A to B: yevte2 At 5 at y=). 4) 3 OBtjap Y= 66.48 m, Neg. means below the point of released, puysIcs AND. MECHANICS OE tens 160 ft. high . an it ol , The formula vi fe + t+ 160 deserves the balls height neve ground hinft,t seconds afer you throw a i ft. high? wil ball be 492 ft. hig! : i will the ball hit the ground? qeant- 9 tezandt=t ) Time the ball hits the ground =-tole+4at+ 160 162 + 481+ 160 te at- 10=0 (-5yt+2)=0 t= 5 sec.PHYSICS AND MECHANICS Sy ‘Aperson walks up a stalled 15 m. on 80 sec. When standing onthe same escaa ‘moving, the person is caried up in 60 sec. fe” ‘much time would take that person to walk yp ot ‘moving escalator? i SOLUTION: v= Ssotrms 42D. 15 20 V 025+ 0767 t= 36 see. ‘Two trains, each having a speed of 34 kph are headed at each other on the same straight track. a bird that can fly 58 kph flies off the front of one train when they are 102 km apart and heads directly for the other train. On reaching the other train it fies directly back to the frst train and so forth. Determine the total distance the bird travels, ‘SOLUTION: loam EEE eh PHYSICS AND MECHAN att 34t= 102 87 km OG: Ree | oom the trafic ght tums green, an the AN mobile starts wth a constant aceleraten st 2.2 mis?. At the same instant a truck traveling with ‘constant speed of 9.5 mis overtakes and the automobile, How far beyond the starting point willthe automobile overtake the truck? SOLUTION: 5t ptt Kate + 2.2\0)? ae c i Me. Ysa 64sec. ELE ; A ae { ae (1) ovauknpi‘A man pushes a box whose mass is 240 distance of 2.3 m, over a frictionless nate, fora rman exerts a horizontal force of 130 N. the bor stats from rest, what is its final velocity? SOLUTION: Fema V2=Vi + 2aS 4302 2408 ve =0+ 2(0.54)(2:3) a=054mist Ve= 1.58 mis ‘Acrate whose mass is 360 kg rests on the bed of ‘a tuck that is moving at a speed of 120 kph. The diver applies the brakes and slows to a speed of 62 kph in 17 see. What constant force acts onthe crate during tis ime? Assume thatthe crate doos not side on the truck bed. ‘SOLUTION: 120000 rou = =BXms —— = ee ap oe 62000 _ ~ a ——=1722ms s PHYSICS AND MECHANICS EMIT 7M ree Fema 12 eae a(t) F = 360(0.95) e Fran pon BD kg mall BOX rest on the to A whose length is mang, Soh inc aa How lng wil itiake forte boeose pottom of the ram when released? ‘SOLUTION: S0kg sin =P r wsin@ = ma w(2R) = a @ a= 2.616 mis? sevitt pat’ i! 320+ $(2.616)t? t=1.514sec. What is the greatest acceleration that can be- generated by a runner if the coefficient of static friction between the shoes and road is 0.952 gpnsunenesuane_pAYSICS AND MECHANICS SOLUTION: _ F=pN weWe fw Fo Fema a=095(981)=9.3m/s? ~— The coefficient of static friction between the ti a carand a dy roadis 0.62. The mass of the ecg? 4500 kg. What maximum breaking forog” © ‘obtainable on an 8.6" downgrade? is ‘SOLUTION: a N 162(1500\9.81) Cos 8.6" p 9020.72N= 9 KN vce | 'A 796 kg block rests on a plane inclined at 22° fp the horizontal. The coefficient of static tiction ig (0.25 while the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.15, a) What is the minimum force P parallel to the plane that wil prevent the block from slipping down the plane? b) What is the minimum force P that wil start the block moving up the plane? ) What force P is required to move the block up the plane at constant velocity? _——_PAYSICs ‘SOLUTION: AND MECHANICS a) Force P to prevent down the plane” ® Bleck from shipping WCos 22° met .96(9.81) Cos 22° = 7249 (1 \_—= iN P+F= P=29.25-18.1= 11.15 N b) Force P to start the block moving up the plane +WSin 22° 8.1 + 29.25 .35N ‘¢) Force P required moving the block up the plane at constant velocity 7 N ms \ .15(W) Cos 22° }.15(7.96)(9.81) Cos 22° 0.86 +WSin 22" 0.86 + 7.96(9.81) Sin 22° 4041N| = | .82) a iw 8,= 8®) - 15, V,=48.ms a S, = 1284 (48 yee (ea 5,=2%m ‘A car staring from rest moves eatin of 10. kmh fort pcos decelerates at a constant § kmvhr2 win i slop. How far has it traveled? “eames to PHYSICS AND MECHANICS UTION: 500 + 10(1) : Wie 10 kmh a ae | 7225. a ie nas traveled 7 eit ‘velocity diag. = 103) 2 154m 2 orca begins its take-off run with An of 4 mis, which then decensee | aocoleration arjommiy to zero IP 415 seconds, at which time the wi etre Wratten | meters? ex4ms | eo hcl Vaboy =areaf acceleration diag. im" y= Al) «som vemeen rysoncoortat-0 1 ia 52 area of velocity diag sr j= 092) = somNSA SAUD Tee eae ey To push a 25 kg crate up a 27° incine, a exerts a force of 120 N parallel to the incine the crate slides 3.6 m, how much As the crate work's done on a) Bythe worker 'b) By the force of gravity ‘¢) Bythe normal force of the incine SOLUTION: a) Work done by 3 the worker Work = 120(3.6) Work = 432.Num. (Joules) 1b) Work done by the force of gravity Work = 25(8.81)(3.6) Sin 27° Work = 400 Nun. (Joules) ©). Work done by the normal force of the incline Work done = 0 Power =forceappied x veocty of he body units of Power =“. Joules s ‘sec, 4 oll = watt 306. np #746 watts OE. sin aoc 200m fngle of 27" with the horizontal and moves a speed of 10 koh. eae Srvow much work does the ore do in | 42 minutes? 1 Find the power output ofthe horse in hp, SOLUTION: 4), Work done by the horse +0000 \ s=Vit $= 2.78(12\(60) = 2001.6 m | }PHYSICS AND MECHANICS Work = Force x Distance ~ Work = 200(Cos 27°(2001,6) Work = 356688 Nm. (Joules) b) Power output in hp - Work _ 356688 “Tine “Tap “4884 Na = {054 | p= St = 0664p What power is needed to move a 13.4 KN an 8 incine with constant speed of 80 kph, Cat up a frictional force of 360 N? Gains, SOLUTION: Total force needed to prevent = k moving downward: ee t F=WSin8' +360 (3400 Sin 8° + 360 ° ~ F=222492N ® . = 80000 _ Power rag Vag * 222m Power= Base?) = 66.28 horsepower PHYSICS ap MECHANIC at its prs. 2 2. ciency cg O™ Of 10 og daily cost of operation if eletig Whats the cents pet kw-hr? nergy cost 59 SOLUTION: Power = 10(087)746) = 64502 vate Cost= 52 05) = patos WORK AND ENERGY Work - Neg. Wor } poste Work sgt Ket ny rf Ry —r ~ s P(S)-FIS)= miva-vy ‘22 kg mass falls 4 m. Find the potential energy fost. SOLUTION: PE=wh PE=mgh PE=mgh (9.81)(4) m= PE = 78.48 Joules‘body moves with a ve athe Kinetic energy. 7 [ SOLUTION: (10) 2 '8 1000 N piano is moved 20 m across a Atal ove of 360 N. Find te coca ct fiction. ‘SOLUTION: | Peete vert Nog. wore= 4 mit —viy :350(20) - 20F = h sng) veo . fae we C 300= y(1000) SSF 2035 ia ‘An automobile traveling at 80 kph on a level roay is stopped by sliding of the wheels. if the coefcient of Kinetic friction is 0.75. What isthe minimum distance in which the car can be brought torest? PHYSICS AN yp Leda cma Positive work - Neg. work = change iq netic 0-8 4( 5) 4) 7 =1(W) (a) lear) A 60 9 bullet moving with a speed of 500 mis strikes a 5 kg block moving in the same direction wit a speed of 30 mis. What is the resuitant speed of the bullet and the block assuming the bullet to be embedded in the rock? aPHYSICS AND MECHANICS soLuriO! — miVi + maV2= mV + mV Note: The velo of bulet and block tng afer impact since the bullet is e mbedtden, SMe block. *tded in the (0.06)(500) + (80) = 0.06V + sy V= 35.6 m/s ‘A4 kg ball A and a 3kg ball B mo horizontal plane along a straight tne, patreath speeds of 6 ms tothe right and 8 mis fe ent rapier A and. Af he est net velocity of A is 4 mis to the mpact, teat let. Find the spec ‘A ball is dropped freely at a vertical height of 6 ffom the fctionless oor. If the coeficen o fofjation between the foor and the bal ie 0. find how high will he ball bounce back vertically. SOLUTION:~y ! / Fat = my; a ENGINEERING reat by applying @ horizontal fore op B® trom, reaches a velocity of 10 mis in a distan 00 Nang from res. te fet forces 120 Ngo 2m “hd the ting the block moves from rest, SOLUTION: DAL =m, -V,) = 400 (200- 1301= 2% (10-0) 1= 582 sec. Ding the Rt 5 sec. ofthe 14200 sian’ Tt pa nrsss the egies shar te rate from 22 kN to its full thrust of 112 kN. What imam dees he ust exert onthe plane dng the 6 so SOLUTION: impulse Impulse = 67(5) p= 2242 67kN —_Impuise= 3354s /™” | ‘ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ” A Ser ° y |= Prt (simple interest) F=P+l t= is based on 360 days/year F=P+Prt F=P(1+1t) 7 Terms of sales: P90,000 payable in 120 days or P85,500 payable in.45 days. Find the equivalent annual rate of simple ir interest if paid in 120 days. “SOLUTION: 0 45 120 t= 75 day F=P(1+r+t) 85500 9000¢ i ( 75\ 90000-85500 I * 36 60) r= 0.28235 r= 28,235% = of sto + vonge SUPPO!a C ENGINEERING ECONOMICS FARES A cigarette vendor borrowed P2400 and agreed to pay P3000 after 30 days. What is the simple interest rate per annum? SOLUTION: 0 30 F=P(1+r) P20 3000 = 2400| 1 + 20) [1+ r=3 r= 300% F=3000 LOO 0 1 2 3 4 n P @ F=P(t+ip where: F = compound amount after n years P = present worth or principal (1 +i)" = single payment compound amount factor n = number of periods seraENGINEERING ECONOMICS. ® Effective rate of interest: ie=(1+i)-1 In 1940, the average value of a house is P290,000. In 1990, the average value of a house of the same model is P7,910,000. What was the rate of inflation for the house? SOLUTION: WOVE 9? | | FSP(1 +i y | 7,910,000 = 290,000(1 + i)50 “| (1 +1)5= 2727586 D IFA < | i= 6.8% What rate of interest com ound i a led Vy equivalent to an int tt mpouries lerest rate of 14% compounded quarterly? _ SOLUTION: (,, i\ (,. i)” 1+) = ! 4) F(a) (44.044)° (7 yy” 1425) . i\ a) \"* 73] 10.1384 = 13, g4o‘ENGINEERING ECONOMICS * INTEREST COMPOUND . CONTINUOUSLY @ Present worth: e P= present worth if ) F = future worth r= rate of continuous compound interest n=no. of periods oO @ Future worth: F=Pemn er @® Compound amount factor: e" = compound amount factor @ Present worth factor: a = present worth factor e © Effective annual interest: ie=e'-1 ie = effective annual interest rate r = nominal rate of interest compounded continuously Note: For a given effective rate, the smallest nominal rate is when it is compounded continuously reer eee RT TRE Tr ath aise\ (ep) ENGINEERING ECONOMICS i P40000 in a certain fund at te eee will pay a nominal rate of 6% compounded continuously. What is the value of the compound amount factor for this rate? SOLUTION: F=Pem e'" = compound amount factor 0.068) = 1,616 fl CE Board Nov. 2015 If money is invested at a nominal rate of interest of 8% for a period of 4 yrs, what is the value of the compound amount factor if its compounded continuously? SOLUTION: e'" = compound amount factor 0.08(4) = 1.377 Compute the equivalent nominal annual interest compounded continuously if the effective annual interest rate is 4%?of - 7 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ez SOLUTION: Effective rate = e' - 1 0.04 =er-1 er= 1.04 r= 0.0392 = 3.92% Compute the interest for an amount of P200000 for a period of 8 years if it was made at 16% | compounded continuously. SOLUTION: | F=Pem \=F-P | F = 20000028) 1 = 719,328 - 200,000 F =P719,328 = P519,328 What is the effective annual interest rate if the nominal rate of interest is 14% compounded continuously? SOLUTION: ie=er-1 ie = e014 — 4 ie = 15.03%E38) ENCINEERING ECONOMICS What is the smallest nominal rate to yield an effective rate of 10.15%? SOLUTION: Smallest nominal rate for a given effective rate occurs when it is compounded continuously. ie=er-1 0.1015 =e'-1 = 1.1015 r= 0.09667 = 9.667% o 12 3 4 24 ® Present worth: Fa Pecnemmens it 4 eh 3 ® Future worth: Da a A AAA A Fs A{(1 * -17) CLL { 7ENGINEERING ECONOMICS FRR An employee is earning P18000 a month and he can only afford to purchase a car, which will require a down payment of P85000 and a monthly amortization of 30% of his monthly salary. What would be the maximum cash value of a car he can purchase if the seller will agree to a down payment of P85000 and the balance payable in 4 years at 18% per year payable on monthly basis? The first payment will be due at the end of the first month. SOLUTION: A=0.30(18000) A= P5400 monthly amortization _Al(ttin-4 | a __4 vs, = 4412) = 48 noneng j= 0:18 ° a 2 3 4. = 12 Wh WG i=0.015 AAA AARAAA AA n=4(12)=48 ® 5400) (1.015)* - 4] ~~ (4.015) (0.015) P = P183,830 (present worth of the monthly payments) Total cash value = 183830 + 85000 = P268,830ENGINEERING ECONOMIC N.Y A man receives P145,000 credit for his old car when buying a new model costing P375,000. What cash payment will be necessary so that the balance can be liquidated by payments of P12,500 at the end of each month for 18 months when interest is charged at the rate of 6% compounded monthly? SOLUTION: Balance = 375,000 - 145,000 Balance = P230,000 | Present worth of monthly payments of P12,500: A[(1+i)" -4 o 1 . “ar TTT Ty i= ~ = 0,005 pet di) SDS _ 12500 (1.005)"* - 4 ~ ~(1,005)"°(0.005) P=P214,660 Cash payment necessary = 230000 - 214660 Cash payment necessary = P15,340 —s~___ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS A machine is to be purchased for P155,000 it has an estimated life of 8 years and a salvage value of P6000. A sinking fund is to be established so money will be available to purchase a replacement when the first machine wears out at the end of 8 years. An amount of P13,030 is to be deposited at the end of each year during the lifetime of the first machine into this sinking fund. What interest rate (%) that this fund must earn to produce sufficient fund to purchase the replacement machine at the end of 8 years? SOLUTION: Required amount after 8 years: F=155000-6000 o 1 2 3 4 5 | Pee TEEPE poe wy A A A A A A A A=P13030 i F=14900( 13030[(1+i)° -1 149000 = i & 8 E 11.435 = (eit k I & Solving for i= 10% (trial and error) i 1+0.10)* -4 3 Check: (140.10) -1 1 e 0.10 435 ok E i i Sth tit a oe |\ [ep] ENGINEERING aconomics ~~ Peter borrows P1000 from a bank on the first days of the month. The interest is computed at the end of every month on the amount he still owed at the rate of 1.5% per month. Peter pays x pesos at the end of the first month, another x at the end of the 2nd month and another x at the end of the 3rd month, Peter has completely paid off the debt completely at the end of the 3% month. Find the value of x. SOLUTION: P=10,000 P= Alsip -1] (1+) i _ X[(t.015)* -1 (1.015)°(0.015) x= P3434ENGINEERING ECONOMICS nent Seated eee @ Presentworth | , 39 3 2 3, paAliter-4 AAdaad 7 1 (A1+ipi = =_/ P arr ®@ Futureworh 5° , 2,27 ,3 , 4 6 Af(t+f'-1] AAA AA Fe j Ut, , F FER (1+) In 5 years, P1.8 M will be needed to pay for the } building renovation. In order to generate this sum, a sinking fund consisting of three annual payments is established now. For tax purposes, no further payments will be made after 3 years. What payments are necessary if money is worth 15% per annum? | i |fea ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Aw SOLUTION: as Al(t +i)" - 1] — acts? -4] Ute 1 (0.15) F=1,800,000 F, =3.4725A F=Fi(1 +i)? 4800000 = 3.4725A(1.15) A= P391,600 Find the value after 20 years in pesos of an annuity of P20,000 payable annually for 8 years, with the first payment at the end of 2 years, if money is worth 5%. 8 u SOLUTION: orss4se7ssn 8» » A{(1+i)" -1 AAAAAAAA jeer) WE 20000/ (1.05)° - 1 p= omni o5y' F=Fi(1 +i) 1 (0.15) F = 190982.18(1.05)"! F, = P190,982.18 F = P326,644.33 F,= F=/ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ae = (FC-SW(1+)"i Capital recovery Tey <1] +(S.V)i _A machine which costs P50,000 when new has a 10-year lifetime and salvage value equal to 10% of its original value. Determine the capital recovery, based upon an interest rate of 8% per year compounded annually. SOLUTION: 5 = (FC-SWAFIP I, ig yy Capital recovery aces ee Ty 4] (SV,)i | : (50,000 - 5000)(1.08)" (0.08) t > (0.08) | Capital recovery 1.08)" 4 +5000(0.08) | Capital recovery = P7105 NTU Al COST*:. Annual Cost = Annual interest + Annual depreciation + Annual operating cost epee eM sac. ACH (FCM 4 ee RLY RO SRO PT a ome\Y ENGINEERING ROONOMICS ~~ ea A construction equipment is badly needed for a certain project so as to shorten the time of completion of the project. The equipment cost P1.2 million and has a life of 5 yrs. with a salvage value of P200,000 at the end of its life. This machine can be bought with money borrowed at an interest rate of 20% per annum. Annual operating cost is P10,000.Find the annual | investment cost of using the equipment. SOLUTION: ery, (FC-SV)i AC. =(FC)i+ Geir y-1 +00. AC. = 20000 20) + ROR +1000 AC. =P384,380 A telephone company purchased a microwave equipment for P6 M with a salvage value of P600,000, over a period of 5 years and pay a lump sum of P400,000 for the maintenance cost. Minimum attractive rate of return is 16% annually. Compute the annual cost of investment of purchasing the microwave equipment.ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ea SOLUTION: , (FC-SV)i Ac.=(FCji+ ! +0. FC) (1 +i)" -1 Maintenance or operating cost = P400,000 lump sum Annual maintenance is A. 0 1 2 “FP * tt ft A A A A A P =400,000 _ Altea -1 (tri =4 1 | 5 000 = A[(1.16) 1] (1.16)°(0.16) A=P122,164 (annual operating cost) k ~recya FC-SMii AC. Foie at | FOC. A.C. = 6000000(0.16) + {5000000 = 00000406 1.16)° - 1 + 122164 Annual cost of investment A.C. = P'1,867,374ENGINEERING ECONOMICS NX it hich will i ays P1,100,000 for a mine, w a ae acl of x pesos at the end of each in for 10 years and this will’ become valueless. he accumulates a replacement fund to recover his capital by annual investments at 4.5%. Find x if he desires 11.5% return on his investment. SOLUTION: Annual cost or income: } r= 11.5% i=4.5% i (Fo-Svji 7 + +OC. AC. =(FC)r (ayo 1,100,000 - 0)(0.045) Ke ,000(0.115) + £4.100,000 - 0)(0.045) +0 x 1100 pont ) (1.045)° “4 X= P216,017 A contractor can buy dump trucks for P800,000 each (surplus) or rent them for P1189 per truck per day. The truck has a Salvage value of P100,000 at q. the end of its useful life of 5 years. Annual cost of 4 maintenance is P20,000. If Money is worth 14% per annum, determine the number of days per year that a truck must be used to warrant the purchase Of the truck.ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (549 SOLUTION: Annual cost if you buy the truck: ery + (FC-SMii Annual cost = (FC)i + Cai -1 +00. (800000 - 100000) (1.14)° - 4 Annual cost = 800000(0.14) + 20000 Annual cost = P237,898 Annual cost if you rent a truck = 1189x 1189x = 237,898 x = 200 days An electric replacement pump is being considered for purchase. It is capable of providing 200 hp. The pertinent data are as follows: Cost = P3200 Maintenance Cost per year = P50 Electric efficiency = 0.85 Life expectancy = 14 years The pump is used for 400 hours per year and the cost of electricity is P0.04 per kilowatt-hour [ (1 horsepower = 0.746 KW). Assuming the pump 3 will have no salvage value, what will be the — monthly cost? : So aE renner eee pen anemia senateENGINEERING ECONOMICS SS SOLUTION: 400(0.04)(200\0.746) , 5 Annual cost = 985 * Annual cost = P2858.47 2858.47 Monthly cost = 2 =P238.20 —_—— ON D 3 Citi)" Cc i Cu 3a n | Vn AA AA | v,=1tJ])) J A=Fr Fr(1+j" -4 v,=lFat+o-1] n (7 eae Vn = value of bond certificate t= dividend rate of bond i = rate of investment Fr = periodic divid C=F (redemption ;ENGINEERING ECONOMICS A man wants to make 14% nominal interest compounded semi-annually on a bond investment. How much should the man be willing to pay now for a 12%, P40,000 bond that will mature in 10 years and pays interest semi-annually? SOLUTION: 0.12 Bond rate: r= > = 0.06 (every 6 months) Investors rate: i= a = 0.07 (every 6 months) A=Fr | A = 40000(0.06) A=P2400 (dividend every 6 months) C =F = face value of bond = redemption value 0 1 2 a ait x=P +P, x AAA AA AAA vn P; AO “f Cc =40,0( F G4) ga! | i 2400[(1 + 0.07)” - 1 p= teary = (1 +0.07)? (0.07) E P, = P25425.63 ke EBSI ENGINEERING ECONOMICS 40000 X=Py +P) Pi Sy. > 1.07)" X = 26,425.63 + 10,336.76 P, =P 10,336.76 x = P35,762.40 DEPRECIATION beet LLM i ela lelte Annual depreciation = Fe-sv Total depreciation after 5 yrs = res (5) Book value= F.C. - total depreciation { A building has a salvage value of P1 M after 50 | years. Annual depreciation is P2 M. Using straight | line method of depreciation, how many years after should you sell the building for P30 M? SOLUTION: Tilden =ke be . otal dep. = FC - Annual dep. = my Total dep. = 101 - 30 = 74 (FC-1) Total dep. 2= + Total dep. = Annual dep. times n _ a * 71=2n FC=P101M n= 35.5 years___ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS eS The first cost of a machine is P1,800,000 with a salvage value of P300,00 at the end of its life of 5 years. Determine the total depreciation after 3 years using Straight Line Method. SOLUTION: Annual dep. = mS =P300,000 i Total dep. after 3 years = 300,000(3) = P900,000 | Annual dep. = {1800 00 300.000) 300,000) DEPRECIATION BY DECLINING BALANCE METHOD @ ANNUAL RATE OF DEPRECIATION: SV= FC (1-K)" SV= salvage value FC = first cost K= annual rate of depreciation n= life in years7 a ENCINEERING BCONOMIESN\ @ BOOK VALUE: BV=FC (1-K)™ m = the mth year BV= book value @ DEPRECIATION AT THE mth YEAR: Dep = FC (1- K)™1 kK @ TOTAL DEPRECIATION: ' Total dep = FC - SV An equipment is bought at P420,000 with an economic life of 6 years and a Salvage value of P50,000. The cost of money is 12% per year. Compute the first year depreciation using Declining Balanced Method. SOLUTION: SV = FC(1 - K)r 50000 = 420000(1 ~ Kj K = 0.2986 (rate of Depreciation at i Dep. = FC(1 ~ Kjn~4 Dep. = 420000(1 - 0.2986)° (0.2986) = P125,412 ist year:ENGINEERING ECONOMICS The first cost of a machine is P1,800,000 with a salvage value of P300,000 at the end of its life of 5 yrs. Determine the total depreciation after 3 yrs. using Constant Percentage Method. SOLUTION: SV =FC (1-K)" 300,000 = 1,800,000(1 - K)5 1 -K = 0.6988 Book value at the end of the 3rd yrs.: BV = FC (1-K)™ BV = 1,800,000(0.6988)? = P614,230 Total dep. after 3 yrs. = FC - BV Total dep. = 1,800,000 - 614,230 = P1, 185,770 DEPRECIATION USING SUM is eC CLL eed? (SOYD)* Sum of years= 5 (n+4) If n=10, Sum= 9 (11) =55 Sum=14+2+34445+647 4848410255ENGINEERING HCONOMcs ~. \* Year Decpreciation ~ ist Fe-sy2 and (FCS ard (Fe-sY 4th (Fe-sy Dep. of the 4th year =(FC-SV) 4 Total depreciation at the end of 4th year ~(10+9+8+7) 2. —35 (FC-SV) Book value at the end of 4th year BV =FC- total dep. at the end of 4th year arin ih) eek ce An equipment costs P1,206,000. At the end of its economic life of 5 yrs. its salvage value is P300,000. Using sum of years digit method, what will be its book value on the 3rd year.ENGINEERING ECONOMICS (za SOLUTION: Sumofyears= 5 (1 #n)= 3 (1-45) =15 Total dep. up to the 3rd year : Total dep. = Fe“ +4+5) Total dep, = (1200000 000K 12) . 720000 Book value on the 3rd year : BV = FC - total dep. after 3 years } BV = 1,200,000 - 720,000 = P480,000 rd-May 2015, Nov. 2015 A machine costs P1,500,000. It has a salvage value of P600,000 at the end of its economic life. Using the sum of the years digit method, the book value at the end of 2 yrs. is estimated to be P870,000. What is the machines economic life in years? SOLUTION: BF = FC - total dep. 870,000 = 1,500,000 - total dep. Total dep. = 630,000 n Sum of years = 5 (1 +n)[EBD] ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Total dep. after 2 yrs: Total dep.= aaah (FC- SV) 630000= 2(2n-} (1500000-600000) n(1+n) 2n-1 _ a rn 085 0.35n2 + 0.35n = 2n - 1 n2- 4.71n + 2.857 =0 ) n=4yrs. A machine costs P900,000 and will have a salv vage value of P450,000 when retired years. Using Sum of Years Digit i the sum of the depreciation cost i years? SOLUTION: Sum of years = 5 (1 + n) = F(1+5)=15 Total dep. after 2 years = fe-syers Total dep. = (20000 5000018) = P270,000ENGINEERING ECONOMICS TTT oe ARO LUO A Nae er METHOD | Annual depreciation: AzlFC-SWi (1+)"-1 | Total depreciation after x years: Total dep = All1+ 9° -1] i BV =FC- Total depreciation A machine costs P100,000 with a Salvage value of | P20,000 at the end of its life of 8 years. Which of | the following gives the depreciation at the 6h year } using Sinking Fund Method if Money is worth 6% } annually? t SOLUTION: j FC - SV)i E Annual dep, = (FC - SVji ual dep, Cairo Annaul dep, = (100,000 - 20,000)(0.06) r (1.06)* - 1 E Annaul dep. = P8082.88 : Dep. at the 6m year = P8082.88 ——NOMICS | ENGINEERING ECO aT r DEPRECIATION USING WORKING HOURS METHOD (FC-SV) Depreciation per nour mor hours A machine was purchased at an original cost of P400,000 with a salvage value of P20,000. Life of this machine is expected to last for 6 years. It was used for 4000 hrs. in the first year, 6000 hrs. in the second year, and 8000 hrs. on the 3: year. The machine is expected to last for 38000 hrs. in a Period of 6 yrs. Which of the following gives the depreciation at the end of the second year? SOLUTION: Dep. per hour = —(FC- Sy) Total no. of hours = (400,000 - 20,600) _ Dep./ hr. = "ani Depreciation ai the end of 2nd year = 10(6000) Depreciation at the end of 24 year = P60,000 4 | FEf ENGINEERING ECONOMICS DEPRECIATION USING CONSTANT UNIT METHOD sagt 4. _(FC-SV) Depreciation per unit Total no. of units A coin machine costing P200,000 has a salvage value of P20,000 at the end of its economic life of 5 years. The schedule of production per year is as follows: Year Number of Coins 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 ok whr = Determine the annual reserve for depreciation for the 3" year only. SOLUTION: Total no. of coins = 100,000 + 80,000 + 60,000 : + 40,000 + 20,000 Total no. of coins = 300,000 (er RR IE TP RR rey a eeepl ENGINEERING ECONOMICS S FC - SV) Depfunit Total no. of coins ;, . (200000 - 20000) = 0.60 Dep/unit 300000 Depreciation reserve for 3" year only = 0.66(60000) Depreciation reserve for 3% year only = P36,000 An equipment cost P480,000 and has a salvage value of 10% of its cost at the ned of its life of ; 36000 operating hours in a period of 5 years. In | the first year of service, it was used for 12000 hours. If at the ned of the second year it was used for 15000 hours, find the depreciation at the end of the second year. SOLUTION: Dep/hr = —(FC-SV) Total no. of hours Dep/hr = (480000 - 48000) 36000 Depreciation at the end of the 2n¢ year = 42(15000) Depreciation at the end of the 2x4 yaar = 780,000 a = P12_ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS MODIFIED ACCELERATED COST * RECOVERY SYSTEM METHOD # The cost of equipment is P500,000 and the cost of installation labor, taxes and miscellaneous expenses is P30,000. If the Salvage value is 10% of the cost of equipment at the end Of its life of 5 years, compute the book value at the end of 37 year using MARCS Method. SOLUTION: FC = 500,000 + 30,000 = 530,000 1st yr. depreciation = ale (530,000 “9 =P106,000 | 2nd yr. depreciation = 2 (530,000 - 106,000) 2nd yr. depreciation = P169,600 3rd yr. depreciation = : (530,000 - 106,000 - 1 69,600) 3rd yr. depreciation = P101,760 Total depreciation at the end of 3rd year: Total Dep. = 106,000 + 169,600 + 101,760 Total Dep. = P377,360 Book value = FC - total dep. Book value = 530,000 - 377,360 = P122,640ENGINEERING ECONOMICS A telephone company purchases a microwave radio equipment for P6 M. If the equipment shalt be depreciated over a period of 8 yrs. with a salvage value of 5% of the cost of equipment, determine the worth of the equipment on the 4# year after deducting the depreciation charges using MARCS Method. SOLUTION: {st year depreciation = 3 E (6,000,000 - ) { 1st year depreciation = P750,000 2nd year depreciation = z (6,000,000 - 750,000) 2nd year depreciation = P1,312,500 3rd yr. depreciation = : (6,000,000 - 750,000 - 1,312,500) 3rd yr. depreciation = P984,375 4th yr. dep. = : (6,000,000 - 750,000 - 1,312,500 - 984,375) 4th yr. dep. = P738,281.25ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Total depreciation. after 4 yr. = 750,000 + 1,312,500 + 984,375 + 738,281.25 Total depreciation. after 41" yr. = P3,785,156.25 Book value = 6,000,000 - 3,785,156.25 Book value = 2,214,843.75 Worth of equipment on the 4m year = P2.215M Given: FC = P600,00 SV = P60,000 Life = 5 years Compute the depreciation on the 3x Modified Accelerated Cost Recove Method. SOLUTION: year using ry System {styr. dep. = alg (600,000 - 0] =P120,000 2nd yr. dep. = : (600,000 - 120,000) = 192,000 3rd yr. dep. = : (600,000 - 120,000 - 192,000) 3rd yr. dep, = P115, 200 Ks(El ENGINEERING ECONOMICS > — wh ® Present Worth of Annuity Due nt 4 pu (1+i +A (149i *@ Future Worth of Annuity Due Al(1+i"*' -4 po A[t+o"'-1) -A t ® Difference Between the Sums of an Annuity Due and an Ordinary Annuity Difference = Al(1 + in - 4}What is the difference between the sums of an annuity due and an ordinary annuity for the following data: Periodic payment = P150,000 Terms = 20 years Payment intervals = 1 year Interest rate = 12% compounded annually SOLUTION: Diff. = Af(1 + ip - 4] Diff. = 150000[(1.12)20- 1] = P1,296,943.96 EQUIV 7 ENGINEERING ECONOMICS —— BSNL! UNIFORM-ANNUAL ccanciiih DOE aa Te in Oe F From the foll. alternatives based on 8% interest: j Machine A B E First Cost P5,000 P10,000 ' Annual Maintenance P500 we 3 Useful Life 5 years years Salvage Value P600 P1,000 Which of the foll. gives the equivalent uniform annual cost of Machine A?ENGINEERING ECONOMICS > SOLUTION: Equivalent uniform annual cost of the first cost: 0 1 2 A, (1+if -1 A, Ar Ay Ar AD (1 +i i P =5,000 0: A, [(1.08)° -4] (1.08)° (0.08) A, =P 1252.28 (expenses) Uniform annual cost of maintenance : A, = P500 (expenses) Uniform annual cost of salvage value : sv a sve A, I(t y “fl A; As As Ag I ! as 5 7 2 _A, (4.08)° “4 (1.08)° (0.08) A, =P102.27 (income) Equivalent uniform annual cost: EUAC = 1252.28 + 500 - 102.27 = P1650.01ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Corrected Interest Rate Considering Inflation ‘ait ifet i'= corrected rate of inflation i= rate of interest f= rate of inflation A man bought a government bond, which cost P1000 and will pay P50 interest each year for 20 | years. The bond will mature at the end of 20 years | and he will receive the original P1000. If there isa { 2% annual inflation during this period, what rate of | return will the investor receive after considering the effect of inflation? SOLUTION: _ 90 "= —— (100) =0.05 = G99 (100) i=itftif 0.05 =i + 0.02 + (0.02) i = 0.0204 i= 2.94%1570) MEXNUERING CONICS ™~ (FC-SV) , O.¢. (1+)'-1 I (FC-SVji (1+9"-1 Capitalized Cost =FC + Annual Cost =(FC)i+ +00. Capitalized Cost = FC+ 2° (capitalized cost of | perpetual service) : | An equipment costs P325,000 and has a life of 4 years, with salvage value of 50,000. Determine the capitalized cost of using the machine if the rate of interest is 16% per annum. SOLUTION: Capitalized Cost = Fc + {FC-SV) , 0.0. (1+i'-1 0 i Capitalized Cost = 325000 + er 2h Capitalized Cost = P664,238/__ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS E " A construction equipment is badly needed for a certain project so as to shorten the time of completion of the project. The equipment cost P1.2 M and has a life of 5 years with a salvage value of P200,000 at the end of its life. This machine can be bought with money borrowed at the rate of 20% per annum. Annual operating cost is P10,000. Determine the capitalized cost of using this equipment. SOLUTION: Capitalized Cost= Fc + (FE-SV) , 0.6. (4-1 Capitalized Cost = 1200000 + {1200000 = 200000) 10000 (1.20) - 1 0.20 Capitalized Cost = P1,921,899 The first cost of a certain equipment is P324,000 and a salvage value of P50,000 at the end of its life for 4 years. Money is worth 6% annually. If there is no salvage value and the annual maintenance cost is P18,000, find the capitalized cost of perpetual service.[eal ENGINEERING ECONOMICS » SOLUTION: _ Capitalized Cost of Perpetual Service: * Capitalized Cost= FC + 08. 18000 Capitalized Cost = 324000 + ay Capitalized Cost = P624,000 i o BENEFIT COST RATIO ae ._ _ Present worth of Benefits Beet cst am soe wor ot Coat If the benefit ratio is to be 1.8, how much should he spend in a project that provides annual benefits of P120,000 for a period of 5 years without a ‘value. Cost of money is 12%, SOLUTION: Present worth of benefits: % 0 a salvage 2 “>t? 4 A A AA =20,0¢ =~ 1/1) J) J/_ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ~ Alt +i" - 4] FS (1+i" i _ 120000 {(1.12)° - ~ (442) (0.12) Present worth of Benefits Present worth of Cost = P432,573 Benefit cost ratio = 432573 1.8 = —— Cost Cost = P240,318 A small entrepreneur invested a capital of P80,000 for a buy and sell business. He estimated to have a gross income of P25,000 annually and an operating cost of P6000 annually. It is assumed the business to have a life of 10 years. If the rate of interest is 12%, compute the benefit cost ratio. SOLUTION: Net annual benefits = 25000 - 6000 = P19,000 0 1 2 3 4 AAA AA A P=19,00ts74) ENCINEERING ECONOMICS ps Alt = _ 19000 ((1.412)° = pro7 354 (+i (4. 12)" (0.12) _ _ Presentworth of Benefits Benefit cost ratio = -—- sent worth of Cost 107,354 = 1.34 “80,000 Benefi ‘atio = ——— ‘enefit cost r 80 P180,000 was spent on the project that yields annual benefit of P60,000 for a period of 8 years t | without any salvage value. Determine the benefit E cost ratio considering the cost of money to be 7%. SOLUTION: Present worthof % 2 2 3 4 benefit: yyy : NG +i) 4] A A A=60,00 (+i _ 60000 [(1.07)° - 1] ~~ (4.078 (0.07) 358,278 180,000 = P358,278 Benefit cost ratio = = 1.99/~__ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS i OA, Rate of return= ——__Proft, Fixed Capital + Working Capital Rate of return = Net income Capital CE Board Nov. 2015 A businessman wants to ear 7% on his capital after payment of taxes. If the income from an available investment will be taxed at an average rate of 42%, what minimum rate of return before | payment of taxes must the investment offer to be justified? SOLUTION: y = gross income x = capital taxes = 0.42(y — x) : Net income after taxes = gross income minus : capital minus taxes Net income after taxes = (y — x) - (0.42)(y - x) Net income after taxes = y - x - 0.42y + 0.42x Net income after taxes = 0.58y - 0.58x Net income after taxes = 0.58(y — x)ENCINEERING ECONOMICS Income expected by the businessman = 0.07x 0.07x = 0.58(y - x) 0.65x = 0.58y 0.65x y* 058 y=1.1207x (gross income is increased by 0.1207 of the capital) Therefore, the rate of retum is 12.07% A fixed capital investment of P10,000 is required for a proposed manufacturing plant and an estimated working capital of P2,000,000. Annual depreciation is 10% of the fixed capital investment. If the annual profit is P2,500, what is the tate of return? SOLUTION: Annual Profit fretum= ———_Annual Profit, Rate ofretum = = Cantal + Working Capital _ __2,500,000(100) Ral of retum = oon 000 + 2000000 Rate of return = 20.83% } 4 i ./ FNCINEERING ECONOMICS Fixed Capital iod =—_ _____————_ Payout pert Annual profit + Annual depreciation A fixed capital investment of P10,000 is required for a. proposed manufacturing plant and an estimated working capital of P2,000,000. Annual | depreciation is 10% of the fixed capital investment.” Which of the following gives the payout period in ' years? } SOLUTION: ve Fixed Capital Payout period = —————_—-_—________ yout pe Annual profit + Annual depreciation Annual dep. = 0.10(10) = 1M Fixed Capital = 10 M Annual Profit = 2.5 M . 10 = =2, Payout Period 7541 86 kGl ENCINEERING ECONOMICS —"\ ‘A proposed manufacturing plant will require a fixed capital investment of P8 M and an estimated working capital of P1.5 M. The annual profit is P2 M and the annual depreciation is to be 8% of the fixed capital investment. Compute the payout period. ; - SOLUTION: : Fixed Capital Payout period = ———_—_—_—~__—~_______ i" Annual profit + Annual depreciation Annual dep. = 0.08(8) | Annual dep. = P0.64 M i 8 Payout Period = ayout Period 7064 Payout Period = 3.03 years *RECOVERY PERIOD IN YEARS ¢# Recovery period = Fixed Capital + Working Capital Annual profit/ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS [3% A fixed capital investment of P10 M is required for a proposed manufacturing plant and an estimate working capital of P2M. Annual depreciation is 10% of the fixed capital investment. Which of the SL. following gives the recovery period in years if jhe“ " annual profit is P2.5 M? SOLUTION: . . Fixed Capital + Working Capital Recovery period Annual profit Recovery petiod = oe =48 A broadcasting corporation was formed duly approved by the securities and exchange office has a working capital of P20 M and a fixed capital of P80 M. Annual depreciation amounts to P5 M and expected annual profit is P16 M. Determine the recovery period in years. SOLUTION: Recovery period = 7m s = 6.25 years[EB ENGINEERING EcONOMs ~ . An investment of P8.5 M is expected to yield an annual income of P2.8 M. Determine the recovery period in years based on the following estimates. Annual depreciation = P1.0 M Operational expenses = P0.6 M Taxes and insurance = P0.2M - Miscellaneous expenses = P50,000 SOLUTION: Total annual expenses = 1 + 0.6 + 0.2 + 0.05 _ Total annual expenses = P1.85 M Net annual profit = 2.8 - 1.85 = P0.95 M . 85 Recovery period = —— = 8, ry pel 095 8.9 years p= A A=annual perpetuity i israte of compounded interest With interest rate of 9% compounded continuously, what is the present w orth of a perpetui Payable monthly? ee/“__ ENGINEERING ECONOMICS a SOLUTION: , Solve for i: Effective rate = (1 + i)'2-1 Effective rate if compounded continuously = e - 1 (1+i)%-1=e-1 (1 +i)'2-1 = e@009_ 4 (4 + i)'2 = ¢0.09 1+i= 1.007528 i= 0.007528 Present worth of perpetuity: TTI ae The planning department of” Abstract Office Supplies has been asked to determine whether the company should introduce a new computer desk . each year. The department estimates that $6000 of new manufacturing equipment will need to be purchased and the cost of constructing each desk will be $200. The department also estimates that the revenue from each desk will be $450. Find the company’s break-even point for this desk.(eal ENGINEERING ECONOMICS ‘ SOLUTION: Total cost = 200x + 6000 Total revenue = 450x To break-even: 200x + 6000 = 450x x= 24 number of desk to break-even The revenue R from selling x number of computer boards is given as R = 60x and the cost C of {producing them is given by C = 50x + 5000. Find how many boards must be sold to break-even and i how much money is needed to produce the 4 breakeven number of boards. SOLUTION: : 60x = 50x + 5000 C = 50(500) + 5000 x= 500 C = 30,000 Toyot a Motors makes and sells certain automobile parts. Present sales volume is 500,000 units a year at a selling price of P0.50 per unit. Fixed expenses are P80,000 per year. Compute the present break even point in pesos. SOLUTION: 500000x = 80000 X= P0.16ENGINEERING ECONOMICS SS The planning department of Abstract Office Supplies has been asked to determine whether the company should introduce a new computer desk next year. The department estimates that $6000 of new manufacturing equipment will need to be purchased and the cost of constructing each desk will be $200. The department also estimates that the revenue from each. desk will be $450. , Determine the revenue R(x) from the sale of x | desks. i SOLUTION: Revenue R(x) = 450x The Asian Transmission Co. makes: and sells certain automotive parts. Present sales volume is 500,000 units a year at a selling price of P0.50 per unit. Fixed expenses total P80,000 per year. Determine the present total profit for a year. SOLUTION: Total sales = 500,000(0.50) = P250,000 Total profit = 250,000 - 80,000 = P170,000(5) ENGINEERING ECONOMICS | Problem: | A firm has the capacity to produce 1,000,000 units’ of product per year. At present, it is able to produce and sell 600,000 units yearly at a total income of P720,000. Annual fixed costs are P250,000 and the variable costs per unit is P0.70. Determine the number of units that should be sold annually to break-even. SOLUTION: a ., _. 720000 i Selling price per unit 600000 | Total sales = total expenses | 1.20x = 250000 + 0.70x 1 x= 500,000 units The cost C to produce x number of skateboards is _ © = 100 + 20x. The skateboards are sold wholesale for $24 each, so revenue R = 24x. Find how many skateboards the manufacturer needs to produce and sell to break even. SOLUTION: C=R to break even 100.+ 2x = 24x x = 25 skateboards =P1.20ENGINEERING ECONOMICS Electric heat costs $5000 to install in a three- bedroom house and $1100 per year to operate. Solar heat costs $29,700 to install in a three- bedroom house and $150 per year to operate. After how many years will the total cost for solar heating and electric heating be the same for this home? SOLUTION: X= no. of years so that the total cost of electric heating and solar heating be the same 29,700 + 150x = 5000 + 1100x x= 26 yrs. I b A fashion designer makes and sells hats. The material for each hat costs $5. The hat sells for i $15 each. The designer: spends $200 on advertisement. How many hats must the designer | sell to break even? = SOLUTION: i és Income = expenses FSS 15x = 5x + 200 es x= 20 hats Le < Aceal ENGINEERING ECONOMICS . \, Candy bars are sold-in a local store for 50 cents» each. The factory has $1000 in fixed cost plus 10 cents of additional expenses for each candy bar made. Assuming all candy bars manufactured can be sold, find the break-even point. SOLUTION: ~ X= no. of candy bars produced to break even 0.50x = 1000 + 0.10x x = 2500 candy bars A contractor has 50 men of the same capacity at work on a job. They can complete the job in 30 days, the working day being 8 hours but the contract expires in 20 days. He decides to put 20 additional men. If all the men get P3 per day for a full or part day and the liquidated damages are P100 for every full or part day he requires over his contract, how many days could he finish the job? SOLUTION: x = number of days to finish the job 50(30) = (50 + 20)x x=21.4 say 22 days nace its/- ENGINEERING ECONOMICS "ENGINEERING ECONOMICS A new fax machiné was recently purchased for an office in Hopedale for P464,40 including tax. If the tax rate in Hopedale is 8%, find the price of the fax machine before taxes, SOLUTION: 1.08x = 464.40 x= P430 price of machine before taxes A local company assembling stereo radio Cassette Produces 300 units Per month at a cost of P800 Per unit. Each stereo radio cassette sells for P1,200. If the firm makes a profit of 10% on its 10,000 shares with a per value of P200 per share and the total cost p er month is P20,000. Which of the following gives the break even point? SOLUTION: X= units produced per month Total income = 1200x (per month) Total cost = 800x + 00061200 40.10) + 20000 Total cost = 36,666.67 + 800x (per month) To break even, total income must be equal to total cost. 1200x = 36,666.67 + 800x X= 92 unitsNE LE I TT {588} ENGINEERING ECONOMICS An. equipment installation job of Dakay Construction in the completion stage can be completed in 40 days of 8 hours per day of work with 40 men working. With contract expiring in 30 days, the contractor decided to add 10 men on the job, overtime not being permitted. If the liquidated damages is P20,000 per day of delay and the men are paid P580 per day, compute the total cost if he will add 10 more men to finish the job. SOLUTION: X = no. of days to finish the-job with 10 more men working (40 + 10)x = 40(40) x = 32 days Therefore, the job is delayed by 2 days. Penalty = 20,000(2) = P40,000 Labor cost = 580(50)(32) = P928,000 Total cost = 928,000 + 40,000 = P968,000STATISTICS 6) PART 9Y STATISTICS. EI STATISTICS ‘An inurance company charges $800 annually for a car insurance, the policy specifies that the ‘company will pay $1000 for a minor accident ang $5000 for a major acident. Ifthe probabilty of motorist having @ minor accident during the year 02 and of having @ major accident is 0.05, hoy, ‘much can the insurance company expect fo make ‘ona policy? SOLUTION: Profit = 800 —(1000)(.2) -5000(0.05) = $359 When of the fofowing iS the most impor conseraon in avoiding bis in surveying? . 4) Taio cart choos individuals who ara ropresntatve ofthe popiaton In oma at many Characeristie es youn er 9) Patra sera mabod hoe possi continaion of people as te same fore being selected iy ©) Waking su that every nda he of interest is invited to respond lied Senin out alge enaugh number of suveye so that even ifthe response rate tums out to be ow - you wil have suiciet numbers of responses lo ‘Saisical analysis BE a0 2 sey ofcasnain You ‘and you need to draw a simple in you Lar You plan to draw a sample of 60 random i students the following procedures will give you a hg fandom sample? ume that students have been a) You ty placed in classes, so you choose randotiasses by random selection and place_| ie am rm es have a list with the names of all the ) Yor nts on it. YOu choose every nth student Sere on the list until you have 60 students for your sample. 2 the first 60 students that pass 2 an the front door at the beginning of schoo in the morning. é) Put the name of each classmate in schoo! (on a piece of paper and place the pieces of paper in a cardboard box. Next rendomly select 60 pieces of paper from the box.|_ STATI ra : In one research study, half of a class was told to watch 1 hour of television each day. The other hay of the class was instructed to watch 5 hours of television each day. Aterwards, the average grades for each hatf of a class were compared wah ach other. In @ second research study, all the studens ofa class gave their responses 10 a set oy ‘questions that asked about ther television viewin, habis and also about ther grades inthe ci Which ofthe folowing statement is true? a) The first research study was an observatio study, while the second was a contoligg experiment vb) The first research study was experiment without a control group, while the second study wes an observational study. ©) Both research studies were controled experiments. 4) Both research studies were observational studies, tipals employed in each of ements Sct. The procedure wil be fo the 3 at elomeniay scat rangotpach of the districts rather than principals the ists together and obtaining 2 a onthe ent group. sarin of te folowing statement is true? ‘mis is a simple random sample achieved in| TRsvasier and less expensive manner than jures involving sampling from the whole population of principal. ) This is a cluster sample in which the entre population was divided into the Peterogeneous groups called clusters, ¢) This is an example of systematic samping which can achieve a reasonable sample as, jong as the original order of the list is not related to the variables under consideration. ¥d) This Is a stratified sample, which may yield comparative Information that @ simple random sample couldn’t give. a) PRSTATISTICS : srs Me ponsutant conducts @ study 10 find ow pos ng 'e0d 10 binomial A cading more hours studying fads fo beter poy eae Seeing by players on basketball teams, Ty, wiabuton? Sonsutant surveys 70 players, and notes that 36 basketball players who claim to study the mogy hours per day have a higher scoring average than, the 35 players who study less. Because of the study results, the coach starts requiring the players to spend more time studying. |. Which ofthe following statements is true? i a) While this study may have its fauts, it stiy ‘oes prove causation, b) While this is a controled experiment, the conclusion ofthe coach is not justified Y¢) There might potentially be @ confounding variable responsible for the apparent relationship. 4) To get the athetes to study more, it might be ‘more meaningful to have them put in more practice time on the court to increase their Point averages, since higher point average: seam o be associated wth more stu fimo, sample of C2° car whether there are no ot east ‘one major defect of only tminor defects pe students study more and more uring their ») AS Statice class, their chances of geting an wn test continue tc prove. The Can pegeacties eaters | rae student receiving various numbers of Sis on the class exams. ite of two is to be selected from 4 ane ‘ive teachers and ten students attending a meeting. What are the probablites thatthe committee wil consist of {wo teachers, or of two students, or of exactly fone teacher and one student? 7d) None of the aboveTd STATISTICS ‘Suppose you toss a coin ten times and it comes y, heads everytime. Which ofthe folowing isa tg statement? By the law of large numbers, the next toss more tkely fe tails than another heads, 1b) By the propertes of condiional probatity the next toss is more likely to be heads given that ten tosses in a ow have been heads, Coins actually do have memories and thus what comes up on th next toss is influenced by past osses. 4d) The law of large numbers tells how many tosses will be necessary before the percentages of heads and tails are again in balance. 6) The ity that the next toss will again be heads is 0.50 ¢) ——— SIMIC Hi. games involving fiping a con. In re game you vi pie if yu can throw the fist om and 60% heads. In the second game Pend aun Brow mee nan ZS Ness a) svties for each game py soins for each game 6) 30 fimes for he fist game and 500 for the second game 7a) 500 times forthe fist game and 50 forthe second game } oor... are true statements? ) By law of large numbers, the mean of 2 random variable wil get loser and closer io a specie value. ‘The standard deviation of a random variable is never negative. ‘The standard deviation ofa random variable ig 0 only ifthe random variable tke a fone single value. ) q ANSWER: AandBCan tre tunction 10) = (555) for = 2, and 3 be the probabiliy distribution for some variable? — va) Yos b) No, because probabilities cannot be negative ) No, because probabilties cannot be greater than 1 48) No, because the probabilies donot sum to 1, ‘You can choose one of the three boxes. Box A has four $5 bils and a single $100 bil, box B has 400 $5 bills and 100, $100 bills, and box C has 24 $1 bill. You can have all of box C or blindly pick up cone bill ut of either box A of box B. Which offers, the greatest expected winning? SOLUTION: Box A= 5(4) , 100 Az 58) 5 100 4 54400) , 100(100) = 24 500” 500 Box B= “500 ox C= 24(1)=24 ‘uoter th same expected winning. oon. have violated pollution laws Coming fed various amounts with the folowing probable. Pree 1000 10000 $0000 100000 coy «04 = 0302 ONO what are the mean and standard deviation for the fine-variables? SOLUTION: p= mean B= Ex pls) {i= 1000(0.4) + 10000(0:3) + 50000(0.2) + 100000(0.10) p= $23400 ‘Standard deviation: oF = Dx? pix) - ye 1000}2(0.4) + (10000)%0.3) + (S0009}4(0.2) + (100000)(0.10) -(23400)2 = $31,350 SyMathematicaly speaking, casinos and fe in ‘companies make proft because of: Their understanding of samy a) ee 9 of sampling eror and source b) Their use of simulation of probabilty distribution 6) The central limit theorem. 70) The law of large numbers. 'Surance ‘Suppose you are one of 7.5 million people who ‘send in their name for a drawing with 1 top prize of $1 million, 5 second-place prizes of $10,000 and 20 third place prizes of $100. Is it worth paying 39 ‘cents for fo send in your name? _ 1), (10000 0:39 oT 030 seca) * re 4 (100 -0:32)(20) 75x10 E=$014 ‘No, because the expected winning is only = $0.14<$0.32 STATISTICS E ue percent of all divorce cases site ibilty 23 the underlying reason. if four six incor for divorce, what is the probabiity cont exact two will state incompatibility as the ason? SOLUTION: 65 q=036 4 2 (0:35)? 2 4h, (0.65)7(035) = ara OHNO p,=0stt eppose we fave a random variable x where the rababilty associated with the value K is 040.37) (0.63)"-* for K=0, .... 10, Whats the mean of x? SOLUTION: p=037 n=10Suppose x and y are random variables with E(x) = 10, standard deviation (x) = 3, €(y) = 1g and standard deviation (j) = 4, Given that x ang’, are independent, what are the mean and standary deviation variable of x + y? SOLUTION: Mean of x+y) = 10+ 15= 25 Standard deviation of (x+y) = (OF? ‘Suppose x and y are random variables with E(x) = 500, variance (x) = 50, and E(y) = 400, and variance (y) = 30. Given that x andy‘ are independent, what are the expected value and variance ofthe random variable x~ y? ‘SOLUTION: E (x-y) = 500-400 = 100 Variance (xy) = 50 + 30 po... height of policemen is 71 os “standard deviation of 4 inches, while wi Sehr a pocorn 6 ches the average yard deviation of 3 inches. If wih 2, Sanity ata ways of paring up one male committee OO officer, what willbe the mean and wath one tion forthe dference in heights fr stoner possble pares? SOLUTION: Mean 71 ‘standard deviation = (ay +3 =5 66 = 5 inches Mrrpose x and y aro random variables with E(x) = Jap. standard deviation (x) = 6, and Ely) = 240 and ‘andard deviation (y) = 8. Given that x and y are independent, what are the mean and standard ‘deviation of the random variable (x + y)? SOLUTION: Mean = 720 + 240 = 960 ‘Standard deviation (x+y) = (6 ¥(0" 0eg Starisrics STATISTICS ‘at most 2 meals will come with ‘Suppose a family eats frequently at a nearby fast py Probability that food restaurant. There are three possible toys (a yoyo car, atop, and a yoyo) given withthe kid's meal ‘Ihe toys are placed in the meal bags at random, Suppose this family buys a kid's meal at this restaurant on four diferent days, a) What is the probability that 3 out of 4 meals wit came witha yoyo? b) What is the probability that at most 2 meals | cers a p=0.1975 + 0.3951 + 0.2963 \ |) What is the probabilty of getting at least 3 P= 0.8089 |” yoyos with 4 meals purchased? 4) What is the expected number of yoyos when 4 «) Probabiity of getting at least 3 yoyos with 4 ‘meals are purchased? ‘meals purchased ‘e) Compute the standard deviation of the number 9 + Pi + Po Ps ‘of yoyos when 4 meals are purchased. SOLUTION: a) Probability that 3 out of 4 meals will come with Pa = 10.8889 ayoyo Ps= 0.199 a m3 e 4) Expected number of yoyos when 4 meals are purchased =x pix) pq! ayaSTATISTICS ¢) Standard deviation of the number of yo when 4 meals are purchased ¥yog. ‘Of the coral reef species on the Great Barrier Reoy of Australia, 73% are poisonous. If a tourist boat taking divers to diferent points of the reer ‘encounters an average of 25 coral species, wha, are the mean, and standard deviation for the ‘expected number of poisonous species seen? SOLUTION: Mean: Standard deviation - wenp = oq y=25(073) p=073 = 1825 q=1-p=027 = (25(0.73)(027) o=222 STATISTICS | ser York Times pol taken in noe pb ha sera 2 1992, "ain pol, In a random group of § sO ig the prbaby tat exactly Wo pe eats acak pol? OLUTION: oat PP igen as 088 regen em am Pf oblem | wan Dershowitz, one of Simpsons Lawyers, has Feed tat only one out of every 1000 abuse relationships end in murder each year. If he is corect and if there are approximately 1.5 milion abusive relationships in the United States, what is the expected value for'the number of people who ae kiled each year by an abusive partner? SOLUTION: =x fX)_ (expectation) 1 00,000(1) eoATISTICS | STATISTICS Taelevision game show has three payoffs, with the following probabilities. Payoff) 0 1000 10,000 Probabiity 0.60 03 0.10 What are the mean and standard deviation for th, payoff variable? e SOLUTION: Mean: 1p =0(0.60) + 1000(0.3) + 10,000(0.10) = 1300 | Standard deviation: of Fx?) - bE (= (10.60) + (1000}40.3) + (10000)10.10) - (1300)2 510000 = 2004 ’An inspection procedure at a manufacturing plant involves picking three items at random and then ‘accepting the whole lot if a least two of the three items are in perfect condition. If in realty 90% of the whole ft are perfect, what is the probability thatthe lot wil be accepted? +P, p20 p=p.+P+ 0.10 a aie a ee gaya Bears CMP (010) p=0972 Mii warehouse sale 100 customers a Ar Jose one of 100 identical boxes. Five boxes chetain $700 television sets, 25 boxes contain {$gu0 camcorders and the remaining boxes contain $260 cameras. What should a customer be willng to pay to participate in the sale? SOLUTION: Expected value p= EXPO) 5 25 sescy «7 (050) = = gg (700) + 5g 40) * 5g 20) = $982STATISTICS The average annual incomes of high Schoo) college graduates in a Midwestem ‘own ang $21000 and $35000 respectively. f a com, hires only personnel with at least a high diploma and 20% of its employees have through college, what is the mean income of company employees? OF the SOLUTION: p=020 } q=0.80 b= Expl) p= 21000(0.8) + 35000(0.2) p= $23,800

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