The Legend of Sangkuriang

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THE LEGEND OF SANGKURIANG

Sangkuriang is a legend among Sundanese people in Indonesia. The legend tells about the
creation of Lake Bandung, Mount Tangkuban Parahu, Mount Burangrang and Mount Bukit Tunggul.
The legend of Sangkuriang tells the story of a young man who falls in love with his own mother,
which is somewhat comparable to the Greek tragedy Oedipus.
From the legend, we can determine how long the Sundanese have been living in Java island. Firmly
supported by geological facts, it is predicted that the Sundanese have been living on Java Island
since a thousand years BC.
The legend of Sangkuriang was almost certainly a story of oral tradition before being written down.
The first written reference to Sangkuriang legend appeared in the Bujangga Manik manuscript
written on palm leaves at the end of the 15th century or the early 16th century AD. Prince Jaya
Pakuan, alias Prince Bujangga Manik or prince Ameng Layaran, visited all of the sacred Hindu sites
in Java island and Bali island at the end of the 15th century AD. Using palm leaves, he described his
travels in archaic Sundanese. His palm manuscript was taken to England by an Englishmen and put
at the Bodleian library, Oxford, in 1627.[1]
After a long journey, Bujangga Manik arrived in the current Bandung city area. He is the first
eyewitness to report on the area. Below is a transcription of his report:
The reunion and impossible task[edit]
Sangkuriang suffered amnesia as a result of being hit in the head by his mother and slowly loses all
memory of her. After running away from home, he met a powerful wise hermit who adopted him and
taught him pencak silat (martial arts) as well as supernatural skills to control the guriang, a type
of hyang spirit. Sangkuriang grew up to be a handsome, strong man who puts his strength to good
use by helping villagers in their fights against bandits and other troublemakers. Despite his carefree
life, fate would intervene when he saw a beautiful girl in front of a small cottage on his way home
through the forest. They started chatting and then spent more and more time together, eventually
falling in love and made plans to marry. Never once did Sangkuriang recognised the cottage to be
his childhood home and the beautiful girl to be his own mother.
One day before the planned wedding, Dayang Sumbi was brushing Sangkuriang's hair when she
recognised a scar on Sangkuriang's head. All the pieces fell together and she suddenly realized that
she had fallen in love with her own son who had left her 12 years previously. Horrified, she knew
immediately she could not marry her own son and revealed the whole truth to Sangkuriang and
begged him to call off the wedding. But Sangkuriang did not believe her and insisted on going
through with the wedding. Dayang Sumbi tried to further discourage Sangkuriang by presenting what
she thought would be some impossible tasks for Sangkuriang to do as her conditions to marry him.
First, Sangkuriang had to build her a great lake by filling the whole valley with water and then she
asked for a boat so both of them could sail in it into the lake. The catch was that both tasks had to be
completed in one night. Sangkuriang accepted the challenge and with the help of some guriangs
(heavenly spirits or gods in ancient Sundanese belief), he dammed the Citarum river with landslides.
The river's water rose and filled the plain, transforming it into a lake. Then, Sangkuriang completed
his second part of Dayang Sumbi's conditions by cutting down a massive tree to make a boat.
When dawn broke, Sangkuriang had almost completed building the boat and this mortified Dayang
Sumbi who had been convinced that he would fail. Refusing to give up, she made a final great
prayer call to God for help. She wove her magic shawl and filled the eastern horizon with flashes of
light. Deceived by what appeared to be dawn, cocks crowed and farmers rose for a new day.

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