Testing of

IC Engines
1
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 2
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 in m/min
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 3
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
A test on a two stroke single cylinder oil
engine gave the following results:
Cylinder bore = 200 mm, engine stroke =
250 mm, indicated mean effective
pressure = 4.5 x 105 N/m2, engine speed
180 rev/min. calculate the indicated
power of the engine. [3]

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 4

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 D = 0.2m
A= 0.0314m2
L = 0.25m
pm = 450kPa
N= 180 rpm

NC = Ne = N = 180

IP = 10.6 kW
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 5
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 6
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 7
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 8
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 9
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 10
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 BMEP

p b LANc
BP  nc
60
p b  Brake mean effective pressure (BMEP)

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 11

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
Vs = 465508 mm3
r =10.31
Eff = 60.67%
P2 = 26.21 ksc
P3 = 73.21 ksc
Alpha = 2.793
pmi = 7.645 ksc
pb = 659.3 kPa = 6.721 ksc
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 12
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 13
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 14
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 15
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 16
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 17
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 18
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
A six-cylinder gasoline engine operates on the
four stroke cycle. The bore of the each cylinder
is 80 mm and stroke 100mm. The clearance
volume per cylinder is 70cc. At a speed of
4000 rpm, the fuel consumption is 20 kg/h and
the torque developed is 150 Nm. Calculate, (i)
BP (ii) BMEP (iii) brake thermal efficiency if
calorific value of the fuel is 43000 kJ/kg and
(iv) relative efficiency on a BP basis. Assume,
constant volume cycle and k=1.4.
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 19
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
nc =6
4S : Nc = N/2
D = 0.080 m
L=100mm.

A=0.0050265 m-2

Vc = 70cc = 70x10-6 m3

N=4000 rpm

m = 20/3600 kg/s
T = 0.150 kNm.
HV = 43000 kJ/kg

Calculate, (i) BP (ii) BMEP (iii) brake thermal efficiency if calorific value
of the fuel is 43000 kJ/kg and (iv) relative efficiency on a BP
basis. Assume, constant volume cycle and k=1.4.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 20

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 2NT
BP 
60
2(4000)(150)
BP 
60
BP  62.831 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 21

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 p b LANc
BP  nc
60
p b  625 kPa

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 22

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 BP
bth  
Qf
BP
bth 
 f (HV)
m
bth  26.3%
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 23
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 3
AL  Vs  0.000502m
Vs  Vc
r  8.18
Vc
1
0  ASC  1   1
r
0  56.86%
bth
R   46.25%
0
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 24
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Volumetric Efficiency

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 25

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 26
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 27
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 28
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 29
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 30
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
Air consumption for a 2000 cc four stroke SI engine
is measured by a 40 mm diameter orifice having
a coefficient of discharge of 0.61. the differential
pressure across the orifice is 140mm of water
at the ambient temperature and pressure are
27°C and 760 mm Hg. The engine developes 30
kW of BP at 2500 rpm and consumes 13 l/h of
pertol with specific gravity of 0.85 and
HEATING VALUE of 44000 kJ/kg.
Calculate : (i) air to fuel ratio (ii) the volumetric
efficiency (iii) the bmep.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 31

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Vs= 2000 cc
4S  Nc = N/2
d=0.040 m
a = 0.00125 m2
Cd = 0.61.

hm = 0.14m

T1=300K

P1= 101.325 kPa = 760 mm Hg.

BP = 30 kW

N= 2500 rpm

Volume flow rate of fuel = 13 l/h =0.013 m3/h

Density = 850 kg/m3

HV = 44000 kJ/kg.

Calculate : (i) air to fuel ratio (ii) the volumetric efficiency (iii) the bmep.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 32

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 a  C d a 2gH
m
p1 kg
  1.1767 3
RT1 m

m 1000
H hm  h m  119m
 1.1767
 a  C d a 2gH
m
kg
 a  0.044
m
s
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 33
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 
 f  f V
m f

 f  850(0.013 / 3600)
m
kg
 f  0.00307
m
s
A m a kg / s
  14.34
F m f kg / s
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 34
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Vs N c
 max
m  .n c
60
6
(2000 x10 ) N c
 max
m  .(1)
60
kg
 max
m  0.049
s

ma
v   89.8%
 max
m
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 35
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 p b LANc
BP  nc
60
p b  720.49 kPa

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 36

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
The airflow to a four-cylinder, four stroke oil
engine is measured by a 5 cm diameter
orifice having a coefficient of discharge
of 0.6. The engine having bore 10cm and
stroke 12cm runs at 1200 rpm. Pressure
drop across orifice is 4.6cm of water and
ambient temperature and pressure are
17°C and 1 bar respectively. Calculate the
volumetric efficiency based on free air
condition.
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 37
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 2
p 1x10
a    1.20149kg / m 3
RT 0.287273  17 

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 38

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 w 4.6 x1000
ha  h w   38.2858m;
 a 100 x1.20149
Air velocity  2gh a  2x9.81x38.2858  27.4074m / s
2
 5 
Vactual  C d x area x velocity  0.6x   x27.4074  0.0322886 m / s
3
4  100 
 2 
d lxno.of cycles/s  0.1 x0.12 x
1200 x 4
Vswept   0.037699 m 3 / s
2

4 4 60 x 2
V 0.0322886
 vol  actual x100  x100  85.65%
Vswept 0.37699

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 39

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 SFC

M ass flow rate of fuel in kg/h

SFC 
Power in kW
 f in kg/h
m
SFC 
P in kW
 f kg
m
SFC 
P kWh

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 40

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 ISFC

M ass flow rate of fuel in kg/h

ISFC 
Indicated Power in kW
 f in kg/h
m
ISFC 
IP in kW
 f kg
m
ISFC 
IP kWh

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 41

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 BSFC

M ass flow rate of fuel in kg/h

BSFC 
Break Power in kW
 f in kg/h
m
BSFC 
BP in kW
 f kg
m
BSFC 
BP kWh

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 42

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 SFC

M ass flow rate of fuel in kg/h

SFC 
Power in kW
 f in kg/h
m
SFC 
P in kW
 f kg
m
SFC 
P kWh

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 43

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
A four-stroke,eight-cylinder engine is
tested while running at 3600 rpm. The
inlet air temperature is 15°C and the
pressure is 760 mm of Hg. The total
piston displacement volume is
4066 cc. The airfuel ratio of the engine
is 14:1 and b.s.f.c is 380 gm/kWh.
Dynamometer reading shows a power
output of 86 kW. Find the volumetric
efficiency of the engine. (7)
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 44
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Data
four-stroke  Nc = N/2
Nc = 8

N= 3600 rpm

T1 = 288 K

P1= 760 mm of Hg.

nc .Vs = 4066 cc.

A/F = 14:1
b.s.f.c = 0.380 kg/kWh.

BP = 86 kW.

Find the volumetric efficiency of the engine.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 45

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 m f kg
BSFC BSFC 
BP kWh
 f kg
m
0.380 
86 kWh
kg
 f  32.68
m
h
kg
 f  0.009078
m
s
A ma
 14 
F mf
kg
 a  0.127
m m
 actual air flow rate
s

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 46

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 kg
  1.225 3
m
Vs N c
 max  
m .n c
60
 max  
m
n c Vs N c
.
60
(4066 x10 6 ) N c
 max  
m
60
kg
 max  01495
m
s

ma
v   84.91%
 max
m Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 47
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Nc = N/2
nc = 8
N = 3600 rpm

T1 = 188 K
p1 = 101.325 kPa

ncVs = 4066 cc = 0.04066m3.

A/F = 14:1
b.s.f.c = 0.380 kg/kWh.
BP = 86 kW.

Find the volumetric efficiency of the engine.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 48
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Max MFRA
density = 1.2258 kg/m3

Max mass flow rate of air

=density *(Vs.Nc)nc/60

= 0.1495 kg/s

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 49

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Act AFRA

BSFC = MFRF/BP

MFRF = 32.68 kg/h = 000908 kg/s

A/F = 14
AFRA/MFRF =14
AFRA = 0.127 kg/s

Vol Eff = AFRA/MFRA =85%

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 50

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 51
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Morse Test

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 52

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Morse Test
It is a test for calculating the IP of each
cylinder of a multi-cylinder (Petrol or
Diesel) engine.

It can also be used for calculating FP and

mechanical efficiency.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 53

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Vertical engines

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 54

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
An inline 4 cylinder engine

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 55

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Test Procedure
Step : 1
The Multi-cylinder engine is operated at a specified
speed and the BP is measured.

Let the total BP of a Multi-cylinder engine be (BP)n

BPn  BP1  BP2  BP3  ...

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 56
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
BPn  BP1  BP2  BP3  ...
BPn  IP1  FP1   IP2  FP2   IP3  FP3   ...  (1)

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 57

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 2
The first Cylinder of the Multi-cylinder engine is
cut-off (by short circuiting the spark plug in SI
engine or by shutting the fuel supply in CI
engine) and the brake load is adjusted to
maintain the same speed.

Now, the BP of a Multi-cylinder engine, when

first cylinder is cut-off, is given as:

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 58

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
BPn1  0  FP1   IP2  FP2   IP3  FP3   ...  (2)

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 59

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 3
The second and other cylinders of the
Multi-cylinder engine is cut-off
subsequently, one after another, and the
brake load is adjusted to maintain the
same speed.

The BPs of a Multi-cylinder engine when

other cylinders are cut-off:

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 60

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
BPn 2  IP1  FP1   0  FP2   IP3  FP3   ...  (3)
BPn 3  IP1  FP1   IP2  FP2   0  FP3   ...  (4)
.................................
and so on

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 61

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 4
Now subtracting Eqn (2) from Eqn (1), Eqn (3)
from Eqn (1), Eqn (4) from Eqn (1), …, we get

BP n  BP n 1  IP1

BP n  BP n 2  IP2
BP n  BP n 3  IP3
............
and so on

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 62

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 5
The total IP of a Multi-cylinder engine can be
written as

(IP)n = IP1 + IP2 + IP3 + …

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 63

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 6
The total FP of a Multi-cylinder engine can be
obtained as

(FP)n = (IP)n - (BP)n

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 64

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Step : 7
The Mechanical efficiency of a Multi-cylinder
engine can be obtained as

m 
BP n
IPn
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 65
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
nc = 6

4S  Nc = N/2

(BP)n = 45 kW

N = 3000 rpm

(BP)n-1 = 33.5 kW (for any Cylinder)

D= 0.075m

L= 0.09m

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 66

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
IP1 = (BP)n - (BP)n-1 = 11.5kW

(IP)n = 6x11.5 = 69 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 67

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 IMEP
pm LAN c
IP  nc
60
pm (0.09)(0.004417)1500
69  x6
60
pm  1156.92kPa
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 68
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
A 4 cylinder petrol engine has an output of
53 kW at 2000 rpm. A Morse Test is
carried out on the engine and the torque
reading is 176 Nm, 171Nm, 168Nm and
173 Nm. For Normal running speed, the
BSFC is 0.365 kg/kWh. The heating value
of the fuel is 44.3 MJ/kg.
Find, (i) FP, (ii) Mech. Eff., (iii) Thermal Eff.

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 69

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Data
nc = 4
(BP)n = 53 kW
N= 2000 rpm.
T1= 176 Nm,
T2 =171Nm,
T3=168Nm
T4=173 Nm.
BSFC is 0.365 kg/kWh. HV= 44,3000
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 70
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 2NT1
BP1   36.861kW
60
2NT2
BP2   35.814kW
60
2NT3
BP3   35.186kW
60
2NT4
BP4   36.233kW
60
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 71
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
IP1  (BP)n  (BP)n1  16.139kW

IP2  (BP)n  (BP)n2  17.186kW

IP3  (BP)n  (BP)n3  17.815kW

IP4  (BP)n  (BP)n 4  16.767kW

(IP )n  67.906kW

(FP )n  (IP )n  (BP)n  14.906kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 72
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Mechanical Eff = BP/IP = 78.056 %

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 73

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 m f kg / h
BSFC 
BP kW
mf
0.365 
53
 f  19.345kg / h
m
 3
m f  5.3736x10 kg / s

IP
ith   28.54%
 f .HV
m
BP
bth   22.26%
 f .HV
m Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 74
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Energy Balance
(Heat Balance)

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 75

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 IP
BP = Useful Power Output

FP

Heat I C ENGINE   Heat Carried away by Dry gases

Q

Q
dg
Energy rate g

  Heat Carried away by water vapour

Q
 m
Q  f .(HV)
v

  Heat lost due to incomplete combustion

Qic

  Unaccountable Heat loss

Q u

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 76

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 NOTE: 1

 Q
BP  Q  Q Q
 Q  Q

cw dg v ic u f

 Q
Q u f 
  BP  Q
 Q
cw
 Q
dg
 Q
v

ic 

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 77

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 NOTE: 2
 f m
m a m
g
v m
m  f (HFx9)
 dg  m
m v m g
 dg  m
m  g m
v
 m
Q dg
 dgc pg Tg  Ta   m
 gc pg t g  t a 
 m
Q v  
 v c pw t s  t a   l  c ps t g  t s 

Q v
 4.1868100  t   2256.9  2.1t
m v a g 
 100

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 78

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 HF
Fuel : C8H18
Mass of C  8x12  96kg
Mass of H  18x1  18kg
Total mass of Fuel per kmol  114kg
HF  Hydrogen FRaction  18/114  0.1578

1
H2  O 2  H2O
2
1
2kg  (32kg)  18kg
2
1kg  8kg  9kg

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 79

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 eg
A full load test on a two stroke engine yielded the
following results: Speed = 500 rpm, brake load
= 5.2 kg, imep = 3.1 kgf/cm2, oil consumption
= 5.8 kg/h, rise in temperature of jacket water
= 38C, jacket water flow rate = 450 kg/h, air
fuel ratio by mass =30, temperature of exhaust
gases = 360C, laboratory temperature =
25C, and barometric pressure = 76 cm Hg.
P.T.O

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 80

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
The following data applied to the test : Cylinder diameter
=23 cm , stroke = 27 cm, brake diameter = 1.45m,
calorific value of fuel = 44 MJ/kg, proportion of
hydrogen by mass in the fuel = 14, R = 29.27 for air,
mean specific heat of dry exhaust gases = 0.23
kcal/kg-K and specific heat of dry steam = 0.49
kcal/kg-K. Determine (i) The indicated thermal
efficiency [2] (ii) The specific fuel consumption in
kg/bhp-h [2] (iii)The volumetric efficiency based on
atmospheric conditions [2] , Draw up a heat balance
for the test in percentage basis indicating the content
of each item in the balance [6].

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 81

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
N  500rpm
W  5.2kg  51.012 N
pm  3.1ksc  304.11kPa
m f  0.00161kg / s
(t ) cw  38C
m cw  0.125kg / s
A m a
  30
F m f
t g  360 deg .C
t a  25 deg .C
p1  76cmHg  101.325kPa
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept.
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
82
D  0.23m, A  0.0415m 2

L  0.27
Db  1.45m,R  0.725m
HV  CV  44000kJ / kg
HF  14 / 100  0.14
kgf .m kJ
R  29.27 * 9.81  0.28723
kg.K kg.K
kcal kJ
c pg  0.23  0.23 * 4.1868  0.9629
kg.K kg.K
kcal kJ
c ps  0.49  0.49 * 4.1868  2.0515
kg.K Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. kg.K 83
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 pm LAN c
IP  nc
60
IP  28.396kW

2N (WR)
BP 
60
BP  1.936kW
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 84
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Since,
BP<<IP,

Assuming,
W= 52 kg = 0.510 kN

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 85

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 2N (WR)
BP 
60
BP  19.36kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 86

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 IP
ith   39.7%
m f .HV
m f in kg/h kg
BSFC   0.299
BP in kW kWh

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 87

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 p1 kg
1   1.184 3
RT1 m
Vs N C kg
m max  1 nc  0.1105
60 s
m a
 30
m f
kg
m a  0.0483
s

m a
v   43Prof.
.67 %
m max Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept.
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
88
 Heat Input Rates

Heat rate by Fuel

= 0.00161 *44000 = 70.84 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 89

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Energy Output Rates

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 90

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 (i) BP

IP = 28. 396 kW

BP = 19.36 kW

FP = 9.036 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 91

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Qcw  m cwc pcw tcwo  tcwi 


Qcw  m cwccw t cw



Qcw  19.89kW
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 92
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
g m
m  f m  a  0.04991kg
s
  kg
m v  m f (HFx9)  0.00203
s
 dg  m
m  g m  v  0.04788 kg
s
 m
Q dg
 dgc pg t g  t a   15.44kW
 m
Q v  
 v c pw t s  t a   l  c ps t g  t s 

Q v
 4.1868100  t   2256.9  2.051t
m v a g 
 100  6.30kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 93

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 
Q u  Q f  BP  Q cw  Q dg  Q v  Q ic 
Q u  9.85kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 94

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Energy Input Rate Energy output Rate Remark

kW % kW %

By Fuel 70.84 100 By IP 28.396 40.08 ITE

By FP 9.036 12.76

By BP 19.360 27.33 BTE

By CW 19.890 28.08

By DG 15.440 21.80

By WV 6.302 8.89

By IC 0.000 0

By UL 9.850 13.90

Total 70.84 100Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept.

Total 70.84
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
100 95
 Eg
During the trial of a single cylinder , four stroke oil engine, the following results were obtained:
Cylinder dia = 20 cm
Stroke = 40 cm
Mep = 6 bars
T = 407 Nm
N= 250 rpm
Oil consumption = 4 kg/h
CALORIFIC VALUE = 43 MJ/kg
Cooling water flow arte = 4.5 kg/min
A/F = 30
Cooling water rise in temperature =45°C
Temperature of exhaust gases = 420°C
Room temperature = 20°C
Mean sp. Heat of exhaust gases = 1 kJ/kg-K
Sp. Heat of water = 4.18 kJ/kg-K

Find : BP, IP and Draw HBS in kJ/h

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 96

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 Heat Input Rates

Heat rate by Fuel

= 0.00111 *43000 = 47.73 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 97

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Energy Output Rates

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 98

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 (i) BP

IP = 15.7 kW

BP = 10.66 kW

FP = 5.05 kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 99

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Qcw  m cwc pcw tcwo  tcwi 


Qcw  m cwc pcw t cw



Qcw  14.108kW
Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 100
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 kg
 a  30m
m  f  0.0333
s
kg
g m
m  a m  f  0.03441
s
 m
Q g
 g c pg t g  t a   13.76kW
 m
Q v  
 v c pw t s  t a   l  c ps t g  t s   0kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 101

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
 
Q u  Q f  BP  Q cw  Q dg  Q v  Q ic 
Q u  9.20kW

Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept. 102

of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
Energy Input Rate Energy output Rate Remark

kW % kW %

By Fuel 47.73 100 By IP 15.71 32.91 ITE

By FP 5.05 10.58

By BP 10.66 22.33 BTE

By CW 14.108 29.56

By DG 13.76 28.82

By WV 0 0

By IC 0.000 0

By UL 9.20 19.27

Total 47.73 100Prof. Dr. E. Natarajan, IES, Dept.

Total 47.73
of Mech. Engg., Anna University,
100 103