CV530 Highway Engineering

Dr. P. NANJUNDASWAMY
Professor of Civil Engineering

J S S Science and Technology University

S J College of Engineering
Mysuru – 570 006
 “…IT IS NOT WEALTH THAT BUILT THE ROADS BUT,
ROADS THAT BUILT OUR WEALTH”
- John F. Kennedy

Dr. P. Nanjundaswamy SJCE Mysore 2

 Role of Transportation in Society
Transportation
 is a non separable part of any society
 is responsible for the development of
civilizations
 meets travel requirement of people and
transport requirement of goods
 is one of the key infrastructures of a country
& considered a mark of its progress

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 Role of Transportation in Society . . . .
Summary
 Advancement of community
 Economic prosperity and general
development of a country
 Strategic movement in emergency
 Safety, Pollution, Energy consumption
 Other impacts

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 Modes of Transportation
Primary Modes
 Roadways
 Railways
Surface, Elevated,
Underground (Tube),
Light Rail Transit
 Airways
 Waterways
International Shipping,
Inland water transport

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 Modes of Transportation . . . .
Secondary Modes
 Pipe lines
 Elevators
 Belt conveyors
 Cable cars
 Ropeways
 monorails

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 Characteristics of Transport modes
Airways
 Fastest, more comfort
Waterways
 Slowest
 Minimum energy
Railways
 Energy requirement (1/4 to 1/6 – by road)

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 Characteristics of Transport modes
Roadways or Highways
 Maximum flexibility for travel
 Route, Direction, Time and Speed
χ Safety decreases
 Door to door service
 Feeder system for other modes
 Used by various types of vehicles
 For short distance travel – saves time
 Requires relatively small investment

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 Roadways or Highways
Indian Scenario

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 “…IT IS NOT WEALTH THAT BUILT THE ROADS BUT,
ROADS THAT BUILT OUR WEALTH”
- John F. Kennedy

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 Vehicle Population Projection

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 Large Highway Expansion

India is expanding its

highway infrastructure
by the factor 5.5 in
about 7 – 10 years

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 Large Highway Expansion

NHDP
Biggest initiative
7 phases
2,35,690 crores till 2015

SARDP-NE
9760 km improvement

PMGSY Phase I & II

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 Large Highway Expansion

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 Large Highway Expansion

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 Large Highway Expansion

KSHIP
KRDCL
In 2 phases
Target :
2414+ 3411 km

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 Large Highway Expansion
Road Length (km)
Expressways 2,000
National Highways 92,851
State Highways 1,63,898
Major and Other District Roads 17,05,706
Rural Roads and other Roads 27,49,805
Total 47,14,260
Source NHAI 2016

MORTH targets laying over 40 km of roads every day in 2016-17

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 Large Highway Expansion
 An extensive road network (4.7 million kms) – the
second largest in the world
 Roads carry about 65% of the freight and 85% of
the passenger traffic
 Highways/Expressways constitute about 2% of all
roads and carry 40% of the road traffic
 The Government of India spends about Rs. 25,000
crores (US $ 4 billion) annually on road

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 Problems

Indian roads the most dangerous in the world

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 Problems . . . .

The irony is 1.46 Lakh

persons are killed and
5.0 Lakh people are
injured in road crashes
during 2015-16

40% of the Deaths

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 Problems . . . .

Annual Social costs

of road accidents is
estimated at
Rs.60,000 Crores
3% of the GDP

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 Problems . . . .

Pain, Sorrow & Grief

is unaccountable

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 Problems . . . .

Heavily congested

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 Accidents : 2005 – 2015

Source MORTH 2016

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 Leading Causes of Death & Disability

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 Unabated Violations

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 Unabated Violations

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 Unabated Violations

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 Road Condition

29
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Dr. P. Nanjundaswamy SJCE Mysore 30
 Is this representing India?

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 Problems
 Mixed Traffic conditions
No provision for segregation
 About 85% of all deaths on the roads are
pedestrians and cyclists not drivers
 Insufficient road capacity
Most of the national highways are two lane or single
lane; poorly surfaced; heavily congested; speeds in
the range 30-40 kmph

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 The real issue is
Not Vehicle design
But Road and Road User

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CV 530 – Highway Engineering
(2017 – 18)

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 Course Objectives
 To Introduce transportation engineering
principles with emphasis on the safe and
efficient operation of highways

 To describe the criteria, standards and

engineering procedures used to design
principal elements of highways

 To describe the standards and specifications

for materials used in pavement constructions

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 Syllabus

 Principles of Transportation Engineering

 Importance
 Different modes
 Characteristics
 Comparison
 Scope of Highway Engineering

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Highway Development
 Road development in India
• 20-year road development plans (1st , 2nd , 3rd & 4th)
• NHDP
• PMGSY

 In Karnataka
• KSHIP
• KRDCL

 Vision 2021

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Highway Planning
 Classification & Patterns
 Planning surveys
 Master Plan
 Preparation, phasing and alternate proposals

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 Syllabus . . . .

 Highway Alignment and Surveys

 Ideal alignment
 Factors affecting
 Engineering surveys – New & realignment

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Highway Geometric Design
 Importance
 Factors
 Elements
 Geometric Elements
 Cross section elements
 Sight distances
 Horizontal alignment
 Vertical alignment
 Intersection elements (Not included)
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 Syllabus . . . .
 Pavement materials
 Properties and requirements of
• Subgrade Soil
• Road Aggregates
• Bitumen, Emulsions and Cutbacks
• Modified Binders
• Cement Concrete
 Tests for evaluating required properties

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Pavement Design
 Pavements Types
 Design factors
 Design criteria
 Design approaches
 Design of Flexible pavement (As Per IRC)
 Design of Rigid pavement (As Per IRC)

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Highway drainage system
 Types, functions and basic design principles
• Surface
• Subsurface

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Highway economics and Financing
 Benefits and Costs
 Economic analysis
 Financing concepts – BOT, BOOT, Annuity

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 Syllabus . . . .

 Pavement Construction
 Specifications
 Construction steps
 Quality control tests

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 Syllabus . . . .
 Pavement maintenance
 Pavement Failures
 Types, causes and remedies
 Pavement Evaluation
 Functional and structural

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 Course Outcome

Knowledge about Highway

 Planning
 Material selection for construction
 Designing of Elements
 Economics and Finance

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 References
 Khanna, S.K. and Justo, C.E.G, “Highway
Engineering” Nem Chand and Bros, Roorke
 Kadiyali, L.R., “Highway Enginering”,
Khanna publishers, New Delhi
 Relevant IRC codes
 My course material (revised 2015)

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 Thank you

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