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Mathlab

MATLAB is a programming language developed by MathWorks to perform matrix computations and technical computing. It is widely used in engineering and science fields for algorithm development, modeling, data analysis, and more. MATLAB contains built-in functions, toolboxes for specialized applications, and can be used for both interactive sessions and batch processing. Popular toolboxes extend its capabilities to areas like signal processing, control systems, and other domains.

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137 views4 pages

Mathlab

MATLAB is a programming language developed by MathWorks to perform matrix computations and technical computing. It is widely used in engineering and science fields for algorithm development, modeling, data analysis, and more. MATLAB contains built-in functions, toolboxes for specialized applications, and can be used for both interactive sessions and batch processing. Popular toolboxes extend its capabilities to areas like signal processing, control systems, and other domains.

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niezajanepatna
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Nieza Jane L.

Patna August 14, 2019


BS CHE-5 ChE 4203

MATLAB

MATLAB is a programming language developed by MathWorks. It started out


as a matrix programming language where linear algebra programming was
simple. It can be run both under interactive sessions and as a batch job.
The name MATLAB stands for matrix laboratory. MATLAB was originally
written to provide easy access to matrix software developed by the LINPACK
and EISPACK projects, which together represent the state-of-the-art in
software for matrix computation.

MATLAB has evolved over a period of years with input from many users. In
university environments, it is the standard instructional tool for introductory
and advanced courses in mathematics, engineering, and science. In industry,
MATLAB is the tool of choice for high-productivity research, development,
and analysis.

MATLAB features a family of application-specific solutions called toolboxes.


Very important to most users of MATLAB, toolboxes allow you
to learn and apply specialized technology. Toolboxes are comprehensive
collections of MATLAB functions (M-files) that extend the MATLAB
environment to solve particular classes of problems. Areas in which toolboxes
are available include signal processing, control systems, neural networks,
fuzzy logic, wavelets, simulation, and many others.

It has numerous built-in commands and math functions that help you in
mathematical calculations, generating plots, and performing numerical
methods. Typical uses include: Math and computation, Algorithm
development, Modeling, simulation, and prototyping, Data analysis,
exploration, and visualization, Scientific and engineering graphics,
Application development, including Graphical User Interface buildings.

REFERENCES:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/matlab/matlab_overview.htm
https://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/wxwise/class/aos340/spr00/whatismatlab.htm
Nieza Jane L. Patna August 14, 2019
BS CHE-5 ChE 4203

COMPUTER SIMULATION SOFTWARES


A computer simulation or a computer model is a computer program that
attempts to simulate an abstract model of a particular system. Computer
simulations have become a useful part of mathematical modelling of many
natural systems in physics, chemistry and biology, human systems in
economics, psychology, and social science and in the process of engineering
new technology, to gain insight into the operation of those systems.
Engineering simulation software allows users to evaluate, analyze and
compare alternative designs for systems. Process simulation software serves
as system support and decision analysis platform.
MathWorks is a complete simulation software for engineers and scientists. It
helps to manage algorithm development, data analytics, visualization,
numerical and so on more efficiently. It can create models with less expense
and help you test different designs.
Ansys is an advanced simulation system for geometric creations and CAD
modifications. It has got intuitive user interface and very nice and unique
design which attracts users. This software combines the power of simulation
with cloud and is becoming one of the leading brands in this its field.
Autodesk is the main simulation software system for predicting, validating
and optimizing the product and getting the exact results. It is a tool which is
suggested for many fields which include mechanical, architecture,
engineering and much more.
HSC Chemistry is a fully featured Simulation Software designed to serve
Enterprises, Startups. HSC Chemistry provides end-to-end solutions designed
for Web App. This online Simulation system offers Dynamic Modeling, 3D
Modeling, Industry Specific Database, Agent-Based Modeling, Discrete Event
Modeling at one place.

REFERENCES:
https://www.softwaresuggest.com/us/simulation-software?page=4
https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/computer_simulation.htm
Nieza Jane L. Patna August 14, 2019
BS CHE-5 ChE 4206a
LEACHING

Leaching is a process of mass transfer that occurs by extracting a


substance from a solid material that has come into contact with a liquid. In
leaching, the liquid is very important as it facilitates the ability to remove (or
extract) a given substance from a solid matrix (i.e. material).

Leaching can be batch, semi batch, or continuous. It usually operates


at an elevated temperature to increase the solubility of the solute in the
solvent. Feed to a leaching system typically is solid, consisting of basically
insoluble carrier material and a (usually desirable) soluble compound. The
feed usually must be prepared by grinding or chopping. It is then mixed with
a liquid solvent. The desired material dissolves (to some extent) and so
leaves when the liquid is drawn off as overflow.

Liquid-solid phase equilibrium is important in understanding leaching,


crystallization, and adsorption. Diffusion through solids is slow, even through
pores in the substance, and so equilibrium is harder to achieve. Separation of
a solid phase from a liquid phase is done by sedimentation, filtration, or
centrifugation. Complete separation is essentially impossible, so must deal
with some degree of liquid entrainment on any "wet" solid phase.

A few types of leaching processes used industrially for metallurgic purposes


include: Heap Leaching, a process used to extract copper, uranium, and
some precious metals from their ores. Another process in which copper and
uranium are recovered is via a process called In-Situ Leaching. Tank
Leaching and Vat Leaching are processes wherein the ores are placed in
large tanks (or vats) which contain leaching solutions. they can be used to
extract metals from their ores.

REFERENCES:
https://www.slideshare.net/asimfarooq31/leaching-process-solidliquid-extraction
https://byjus.com/chemistry/leaching-process/
http://facstaff.cbu.edu/rprice/lectures/leach.html
Leaching is typically used in the metals industry for removing mineral from
ores (acid solvents), In the sugar industry for removing sugar from beets
(water is solvent) and In the oilseeds industry for removing oil from
soybeans, etc. (hexane or similar organic solvents).
Leaching calculations are almost always based on the principle that the solid will not
dissolve into the solvent. Thus, the concentrations x of solute in the solvent
entrained in the slurry and y of the solute in the solvent liquid phase can be
expressed on a solid free basis without significantly changing the calculation. The
equilibrium behavior of the system establishes key behaviors.
Begin with the assumptions that each stage has enough contact time that the
system can reach equilibrium, that there is enough solvent present in each stage to
allow equilibrium removal of solute from solvent, and that the solute will not absorb
on the solvent. The uniform solution assumption then applies, and the equilibrium x-
y curve will be a straight line, xe=ye.
Two subsets of the uniform solution case should be noted. In the first, the solute is
infinitely soluble in the solvent. In this case, all values of x and y from 0.0 to 1.0
may be obtained. In the second case, the solubility is limited to some maximum
value, xs. The x-y diagram will be a straight line, but will not go all the way from 0
to 1. Instead, at xs it will become vertical.
If the conditions (contact time, adequate solvent mass, no adsorption) that
determine uniform solution do not hold, the x-y diagram may be curved (often, it
will look like that used in distillation).
Advantages of Leaching include:
The process is easy to execute.
It is not very harmful when compared to pyrometallurgical methods
This process does not generate any gaseous pollutants.
Disadvantages of Leaching include:
The residual liquid waste produced from this process are highly acidic.

The effluent from this process can also be toxic.

The efficiency of this process is dependant on temperature.

Types of Leaching Processes in Metallurgy

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