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The document provides guidance on writing a research paper using Laplace transformations as the topic. It discusses the key elements that must be included: an introduction, body, and conclusion. The body will focus on explaining cellular communication, Laplace transformations, and how they are used for dual communication. Guidelines are provided on formatting, including a title page, contents page, references, and 4,000 word limit. The overall summary is how to structure a research paper on Laplace transformations and their application to cellular communication.

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Raghav Kumar
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
51 views10 pages

Ji

The document provides guidance on writing a research paper using Laplace transformations as the topic. It discusses the key elements that must be included: an introduction, body, and conclusion. The body will focus on explaining cellular communication, Laplace transformations, and how they are used for dual communication. Guidelines are provided on formatting, including a title page, contents page, references, and 4,000 word limit. The overall summary is how to structure a research paper on Laplace transformations and their application to cellular communication.

Uploaded by

Raghav Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I have to write a 4000 work research papers on the topic of Laplace Transformation.

The main

purpose of this research paper is to study the Laplace transformation and link it to a real-life

application. I researched about it a bit and came up with 2-way communication in the phone for

the real-life application. I have more links and information I can use in this paper but as this

topic is not taught at my school level so, it is hard for me to understand the topic. So, if possible

can you help me out on the same.


1

the title of the essay

How does Laplace Transformation help in dual communication

Mathematics

Word Count:
2

Introduction 2

Cellular Communication 2

Laplace Transformation 3

Use in Communication 3

Conclusion 3

Bibliography 3
3

Introduction

Cellular Communication

A cellular network are a group of cells (each cell has a fixed transceiver which is known as a

base station) providing radio network over a fixed area of land. Mobile phone, user equipment,

communicate through the cells even when the device is moving during data transmission.

Another feature of cellular networks is that they give their some special features to meets their

needs like increase data limit, less battery usage, larger geographical coverage area or even

reduced interference from other signals.

Cellular communication is an integral part of our lives. Many people nowadays won’t be able to

live without it but what do we know about it. We know that we use it to call and connect with

other people but how does that happen? Does it happen with magic, just like that, or there is

some hidden concept behind it?

Many don't know, but a mathematical concept plays an important role in this communication.

This concept is known as the Laplace Transform. The main purpose of the Laplace transform is

to convert a function in one domain to another function in another domain but without changing

the numeric value of the function. We use it because it transforms a complicated differential
4

equation to a simpler equation with polynomials. It is much easier to solve polynomials, so the

main purpose of this transformation is to make the calculations easier.

Laplace transformation is used when sending signals over 2 ways communication medium like

FM/AM stereos, radio sets and cellular phones. When any information is sent over the network,

first it is converted into a time-varying wave using Laplace transform. This way the information

is propagated. When the information is received, information is deciphered from the wave’s time

function to frequency function, again through Laplace transform.

Word count: 300 words

Laplace Transformation

Use in Communication

Research
entire cellular communications or limit it to FM/AM, OR 2 way radio set OR cellular phones.

The overall idea is we will show how signal processing takes places mathematically by using

laplase transformation.
5

Laplace transformation is used on a derivative to conevrt in into a multiple of the domain

variable. Thus with laplace transform nth degree differential equations can be transformed into

an nth degree polynomial. One can easily solve the polynomials to get the results and then

change it into a differential equation using inverse Laplace transform.

Conclusion

Bibliography
6

12-point, readable font (Calibri or Times New Roman);

double spacing throughout entire Essay;

page numbering - top right corner;

no candidate or school name or supervisor name on the title page or page headers.

Submitting the extended essay in the required format will help set the tone of the essay and will

aid readability for on-screen assessment by examiners.

Six required elements of the extended essay:

Title page

Contents page

Introduction

Body of the essay

Conclusion

References and bibliography -- if MLA "Works Cited" if CSE "References"

1. Required Title Page

The title page should include only the following information:

the title of the essay

the research question

the subject the essay is registered in


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word count

The upper limit is 4,000 words for all extended essays.

2. Required Contents Page

A contents page must be provided at the beginning of the extended essay and all pages should be

numbered. Please note that an index page is not required and if included will be treated as if it is

not present.

3. Required Introduction

The introduction should tell the reader what to expect in the essay. The introduction should make

clear to the reader the focus of the essay, the scope of the research, in particular, an indication of

the sources to be used, and an insight into the line of argument to be taken.

While students should have a sense of the direction and key focus of their essay, it is sometimes

advisable to finalize the introduction once the body of the essay is complete.

4. Required Body of the Essay (research, analysis, discussion, and evaluation)


8

The main task is writing the body of the essay, which should be presented in the form of a

reasoned argument. The form of this varies with the subject of the essay but as the argument

develops it should be clear to the reader what relevant evidence has been discovered, where/how

it has been discovered and how it supports the argument. In some subjects, for example, the

sciences, sub-headings within the main body of the essay will help the reader to understand the

argument (and will also help the student to keep on track). In structuring their extended essay,

students must take into consideration the expected conventions of the subject in which their

extended essay is registered.

Once the main body of the essay is complete, it is possible to finalize the introduction (which

tells the reader what to expect) and the conclusion (which says what has been achieved,

including notes of any limitations and any questions that have not been resolved).

Any information that is important to the argument must not be included in appendices or

footnotes/endnotes. The examiner will not read notes or appendices, so an essay that is not

complete in itself will be compromised across the assessment criteria.

5. Required Conclusion

The conclusion says what has been achieved, including notes of any limitations and any

questions that have not been resolved. While students might draw conclusions throughout the
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essay based on their findings, it is important that there is a final, summative conclusion at the

end. This conclusion(s) must relate to the research question posed.

6. Required References & Bibliography

Students should use their chosen style of academic referencing as soon as they start writing. That

way they are less likely to forget to include a citation. It is also easier than trying to add

references at a later stage. For more information on this, refer to the guidelines in the IB

document Effective citing and referencing.

Writing the essay takes time but if students have used their Researcher's reflection space and

reflection sessions in a meaningful way they should be well prepared to develop their arguments.

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