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Chapter 2: Finite Element Formulation Starting From Governing Differential Equations

The document provides details of an assignment to solve a partial differential equation using the Galerkin method. It includes: 1) The governing PDE to be solved and boundary conditions. 2) Development of the weighted residual statement and integration by parts to obtain the weak form equation. 3) Requirement that the trial and weighting functions satisfy the essential and natural boundary conditions. 4) Observation that the trial solution only needs to be thrice differentiable for the weak form equation.

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Philip John Fuentes
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121 views3 pages

Chapter 2: Finite Element Formulation Starting From Governing Differential Equations

The document provides details of an assignment to solve a partial differential equation using the Galerkin method. It includes: 1) The governing PDE to be solved and boundary conditions. 2) Development of the weighted residual statement and integration by parts to obtain the weak form equation. 3) Requirement that the trial and weighting functions satisfy the essential and natural boundary conditions. 4) Observation that the trial solution only needs to be thrice differentiable for the weak form equation.

Uploaded by

Philip John Fuentes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MME 625: Finite Element Analysis

Assignment

Chapter 2: Finite Element Formulation Starting from


Governing Differential Equations
Philip Rockyboy B. Fuentes
1 University of San Carlos, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering;
[email protected]
FEA Instructor: Dr. Abellana

Date Submitted: June 21, 2019

Revision No.: 0

Problem Statement:

2.5 Give a one-parameter Galerkin solution of the following equation, for the two domains shown in
fig. P2.5
𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕2 𝑦
+ =1
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2

Required:
One- parameter Galerkin solution of partial differential equation.

Solution:
The governing differential equation was given by
2 2
𝜕 𝑢 𝜕 𝑦
2 + 2 =1
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
And the boundary conditions
Essential: v(0) = 0, v(L) = 0 (zero displacements)
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣
Natural: (0) = 0 (𝐿) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

MME 625, Summer, A.Y. 2018-2019


MME 625, Summer, A.Y. 2018-2019 Page 2 of 3

Let vˆ(x) be the assumed trial solution and let W(x) be the weighting function. The weighted residual
statement can be written as:
𝐿 𝑑4 𝑣̂
∫0 𝑊(𝑥) (𝐸𝐼 𝑑4 𝑥 − 𝑞0 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝐿 𝑑4 𝑣̂ 𝐿
∫0 𝑊(𝑥)𝑑 {𝐸𝐼 𝑑4 𝑥} = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥

On integration by parts, we get


𝐿
𝑑3 𝑣̂ 𝐿 𝑑3 𝑣̂ 𝑑𝑊(𝑥) 𝐿
[𝑊(𝑥)𝐸𝐼 𝑑3 𝑥] − ∫0 (𝐸𝐼 𝑑3 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥

Integrating by parts once again, we get


𝐿 𝐿
𝑑3 𝑣̂ 𝑑𝑊(𝑥) 𝑑2 𝑣̂ 𝐿 𝑑2 𝑣̂ 𝑑2 𝑊(𝑥) 𝐿
[𝑊(𝑥)𝐸𝐼 𝑑3 𝑥] − {[ 𝐸𝐼 𝑑2 𝑥] − ∫0 (𝐸𝐼 𝑑2 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥} = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑2 𝑥

Integrating for the last time, we then get


𝐿 𝐿 𝐿
𝑑3 𝑣̂ 𝑑𝑊(𝑥) 𝑑2 𝑣̂ 𝑑2 𝑊(𝑥) 𝑑𝑣̂ 𝐿 𝑑𝑣̂ 𝑑3 𝑊(𝑥) 𝐿
[𝑊(𝑥)𝐸𝐼 𝑑3 𝑥] − {[ 𝐸𝐼 𝑑2 𝑥] − {[ 𝐸𝐼 𝑑𝑥] − ∫0 (𝐸𝐼 𝑑𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 }} = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑2 𝑥 0 𝑑3 𝑥

Thus we now have equal order of differentiation on both the dependent variable v(x) and the weighting
function W(x). Substituting for the prescribed natural boundary conditions at either end that dv/dx equals
zero, we have a resulting weak form:
𝐿 𝐿
𝑑3 𝑣̂ 𝑑𝑊(𝑥) 𝑑2 𝑣̂ 𝐿 𝑑𝑣̂ 𝑑3 𝑊(𝑥) 𝐿
[𝑊(𝑥)𝐸𝐼 𝑑3 𝑥] − [ 𝐸𝐼 𝑑2 𝑥] − ∫0 (𝐸𝐼 𝑑𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥
0 𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑3 𝑥

subject to the essential boundary condition that vˆ(0) = 0, vˆ(L) = 0 . In view of these prescribed essential
boundary conditions, we require that the weighting function be such that W(0)= 0 and W(L)= 0. Thus
the weak form becomes,
𝐿
𝑑𝑊(𝑥) 𝑑2 𝑣̂ 𝐿 𝑑𝑣̂ 𝑑3 𝑊(𝑥) 𝐿
−[ 𝐸𝐼 𝑑2 𝑥] − ∫0 (𝐸𝐼 𝑑𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑊𝑞𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑3 𝑥
subject to
vˆ(0) = 0 = vˆ(L)

W(0) = 0 = W(L)

We can observed that the trial solution v(x) for weak form equation only needs thrice differentiable while
the trial solution for weighted statement equation should be differentiable at least four times. Thus we
can take a simple

Exact solution:
MME 625, Summer, A.Y. 2018-2019 Page 3 of 3

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