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The document provides 10 problems involving classifying, solving, and finding integral surfaces of partial differential equations (PDEs) using various methods like Lagrange's method, Charpit's method, and elimination of arbitrary constants and functions. The problems involve tasks like classifying PDEs as linear, nonlinear, or quasi-linear; eliminating arbitrary constants or functions to form PDEs of different orders; solving PDEs using specified methods; checking for singular solutions; and finding integral surfaces satisfying given conditions.

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Harsh Pateriya
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81 views

Assignment

The document provides 10 problems involving classifying, solving, and finding integral surfaces of partial differential equations (PDEs) using various methods like Lagrange's method, Charpit's method, and elimination of arbitrary constants and functions. The problems involve tasks like classifying PDEs as linear, nonlinear, or quasi-linear; eliminating arbitrary constants or functions to form PDEs of different orders; solving PDEs using specified methods; checking for singular solutions; and finding integral surfaces satisfying given conditions.

Uploaded by

Harsh Pateriya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment-2

1. Classify the following 1st order equations into linear / non-linear / quasi-linear.

(a) (𝑥 2 − 𝑧 2 )𝑝 + 𝑥𝑦𝑧𝑞 = 𝑧 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 .

(b) 𝑦𝑝 + 𝑥𝑞 = 𝑧 − 𝑥 2 .

(c) 𝑝𝑞 = 𝑧.

(d) 𝑥𝑝 − 𝑦𝑥𝑞 = 𝑥𝑧 2 .

2. Eliminate the arbitrary constants 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 from

(a) 𝑧 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦 2 to form a 2nd order PDE.

𝑥2
(b) −𝑧 + = log(𝑎𝑥 2 /𝑦 2 + 𝑏/𝑦) to form a 1st order PDE.
𝑦

3. Eliminate the arbitrary function 𝑓, 𝑔 from

(a) 𝑧 = 𝑓(�𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) to form a 1st order PDE.

(b) 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥𝑦) + 𝑔(𝑥/𝑦) to form a 2nd order PDE.

4. Solve the following PDE’s by Lagrange’s method.

(a) 𝑦𝑧𝑝 − 𝑥𝑧𝑞 = 𝑥𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ).

(b) (2𝑧 − 𝑦)𝑝 + (𝑧 + 𝑥)𝑞 + 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0.

(c) (𝑥3 − 𝑥2 )𝑝1 + 𝑥1 𝑝2 − 𝑥3 𝑝3 = 𝑥2 (𝑥1 + 𝑥3 ) − 𝑥2 2 .


𝜕𝑢
Here the dependent variable is 𝑢 = 𝑢(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 ). 𝑝𝑖 = 𝜕𝑥 𝑖 = 1, 2, 3.
𝑖

𝑥 𝑦
5. Show that the equation 𝑧 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦 is compatible with the equation 𝜙 �𝑧 , 𝑧 , 𝑝, 𝑞� = 0.

6. Show that the PDE 𝑝2 𝑥 + 𝑞 2 𝑦 − 𝑧 = 0 is compatible with 𝑝2 𝑥 − 𝑞 2 𝑦 = 0 and find their one
parameter of common solutions.

7. Solve the following PDE’s by Charpit’s method.

(a) 2(𝑧 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞𝑦) = 𝑦𝑝2 .

(b) 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 − 2𝑝𝑞 tanh 2𝑦 = sech2 2𝑦.

(c) 𝑧 4 = 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 .
(d) 𝑝2 𝑞 − 2𝑥 2 𝑞 = 𝑥 2 𝑦.

8. Check for possible existence of the singular solutions for the following PDE’s . Find the
singular solution(s) if they exist.

(a) 𝑝𝑞 + 𝑧 = 1.

(b) 𝑥 2 𝑝2 + 𝑦 2 𝑞 2 = 1.

9. Find the integral surface of the PDE 𝑥(𝑦 2 + 𝑧)𝑝 − 𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑧)𝑞 = (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑧 which contains
the straight line 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 1.

10. Find the integral surface of the equation (𝑦 − 𝑧){2𝑥𝑦𝑝 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑞} + 𝑧(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) = 0
through the curve 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑦 = 0, 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 .

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