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Data Visualization Notes

This document discusses various methods for data visualization. It describes how to build a frequency distribution and defines key terms like class interval, class midpoint, and relative frequency. It then covers quantitative charts like histograms, frequency polygons, and ogives that illustrate grouped or cumulative frequency data. Finally, it discusses qualitative charts such as pie charts, bar graphs, Pareto charts, cross tabulations, and scatter plots that show relationships between categorical or numerical variables. The document provides examples and definitions of different visualization techniques for both quantitative and qualitative data.

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35 views

Data Visualization Notes

This document discusses various methods for data visualization. It describes how to build a frequency distribution and defines key terms like class interval, class midpoint, and relative frequency. It then covers quantitative charts like histograms, frequency polygons, and ogives that illustrate grouped or cumulative frequency data. Finally, it discusses qualitative charts such as pie charts, bar graphs, Pareto charts, cross tabulations, and scatter plots that show relationships between categorical or numerical variables. The document provides examples and definitions of different visualization techniques for both quantitative and qualitative data.

Uploaded by

ventus5th
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MASTAT || Data Visualization Methods

January 25, 2018 16:55

DATA VISUALLIZATION

I) Frequency distribution
- How to build a frequency distribution:
○ Determine the range
○ Identify how many classes are needed
○ Find the width of the class interval

Class Interval:

Range/ Number of classes = Class interval

Class Midpoint: The value halfway across the class interval

(Interval point 1 + Interval point 2) = Class midpoint


2

Relative Frequency: How often data from a certain frequency occurs within the given sample

Individual Frequency = Relative frequency


Total Frequency

Cumulative Frequency: A running total of frequencies through the classes of frequency


distribution

Interval Frequency Class Midpoint Relative Frequency Cumulative Frequency


1 under 3 4 2 0.667 4
3 under 5 12 4 0.2 16
5 under 7 13 6 0.2167 29
7 under 9 19 8 0.3167 48
9 under 11 7 10 0.1167 55
11 under 3 5 12 0.833 60
Total 60

II) Quantitative Data Charts


Histogram
○ A series of contiguous rectangles representing the frequency of data in given class
intervals
○ Used for illustrating grouped data
○ It is meant to look at the frequency distribution of the data
○ Histogram advantages :
▪ Illustrates the frequency of points in a data set
▪ Details the variability of the data
▪ Shows the concentration of the data
▪ Points out outliers

MBA Modules Page 1


Frequency Polygon
○ Displays the frequency of a data set

Ogive
○ A chart illustrating the cumulative frequency of a data set

III) Qualitative Data Charts


Pie Charts
○ A circular representation of data where the area of the whole pie represents 100% of
the data set and slices of the pie stand for a percentage breakdown of the sublevels

MBA Modules Page 2


Bar Graphs

Pareto Charts
○ A pareto analysis is a quantitative tallying pf the number of and types of defects the
happen in a product or service. A vertical bar chart is used to display the most common
types of defects ranked in order of left to right

MBA Modules Page 3


Cross Tabulation
○ A Process of producing a two dimensional graph that simultaneously displays the
frequency counts of two variables

Scatter Plot
○ A two dimensional graph plot of pairs of points from two numerical variables. It is a
graphical tool used to examine possible relationships between two variables.

MBA Modules Page 4


MBA Modules Page 5

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