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Anatrace, itretng layout can certainly atc and pe he
reader: but when the deals are not good, reading requis Mh
fon an any pleasure shored Detain phy ia al
and dose-up view of the sujet It considers al th len hil
‘conde a colon of text eles, words the lng, and the
‘ound thse elements ~ and tdacuses wht i eves fe
Icy of text. Yet this more than aide to ore typ
Hoi tock, that test ea eat petty an Yo ih
inary dll sees maybe found ere, ot st in he Way
ook ies been et and produc
‘esa in yporapy ws fs publshd in 8; seve AH
languages This fly rovsed and ete eatin,
Jos Hochulisa Swiss typographi international evo Be
book design work, Arateacher, he hs bad lang capris i A
ani his hometown of Stale, As weiter a
inc Bok xg i Site (ao), Designing
su Jo Hoch: Printed matter ain books (2002) He Ws ih
tn designed the annually published "ypoton” series of hele
(989-58) and he Eton” Oates fom 300),
1250 / USAS5 ype Pe ann
san or-0-007350-34-5 ve np 08
9 |IINN
i
Detailin typography
Letters eterspacng, words, wordspacing ins,
Detail in
typography
‘A concise yet rich discussion of all the small things
that enhance the legibility of textsJos Hochal
Detail in typography
testers tersacing words wordapacng ines,
Iinespacing, cola
Hyphen Press Londontao | Sarena her
snub yet Amber
Sze cere
“atop (clot Rant epee
(ecm aac
Contents
Basis
Theresding proces
Teeter
Theword
Theline
Na i
Epi 4
Imprint
acknowledgements
squaqueyBasics
This litlebook concerned with those qustionsaftypogrphy tha
«ame considered as belonging tothe area of micro detal-yp0
ran
‘While macrotyporaphy the typogeaphic hy is concerned
‘sith the formato te printed mati with thesizeand position of
the columns of type and llstations, with the organization of the
Irarchy of headings, subheadings nd captions detail ypography
incomes eth individual eomponents eter letersi,
‘ols wordacng lines and linear coum of ext These ae
‘the componests that graphic ortypographicdesignerslikeonelet,
tthe louse the are thts nonally pane as reste
‘Wie erence i mad fn wat follows formal ates, hs
des not primarily refer toate’ ins inthe sense of personal
ssl feed or personal tte ut rather w these visible de
‘ments that enable the optimum reception of the text. AS hiss he
tf very pies of typography involving lrg amount of text,
‘concern with formal ements Boome concen with sue le
At and redabiity: hs, etl sypography formal elements
hve ite do wit persona prtrence
‘There ate any matters of dsl typography which one can in
so consis role ifrently. The author would certainly not
‘want this hook to be regan lle catch: ater he
ute om intligent designers who. inthe pit ofthis hook find
ppeopeat solutns wo the problems tat rise ia gien content
‘ren though not all potential problems are deal wit in hist,
“An there ae ets i which all the detail ave ben a
toad yet the lookso sopoitcaly dll.
ed
08‘The reoding process
Aen eh dae gig alg he es
These brief movements are Khown a sical, and they aerate
with ie periods sting 04 seconds. A Tne perv i a
series of sc, follomed by agence asthe ep jumps back
tothe left to start the next in. Information ionlyaboorbed daring
the xed period. With average ype sis as used fer books a saeco
represents 5-rolters or about t-2 words in Engh. sicade my
begin nd within word: OF the up ters only 3-4 ao
sed on sharply during the ie pio: theres te porsche by
the eve inltintly ad thircontext. Ifthe sense the ets ot
lea the eyjumps back i eresion sacades to ech wha has
sea bear).
Themen erie thevalesthe shorter esl peril
and he bigger the saccades te saccades boone 00 big and he
Tied pris too short ~ when one reading too fst =the ext
rustbe gust at Hera ast with simple conten, heredundn
oq “Supedsour
neyeytone
‘of fang text, a 90 3
”Typography mae deine 2 the ato rightly dspesing print
saat’ sceatenee wah nee perp ong ne
Tener stating the space to comalling
‘hemaxinum thereaders compeehenion of the tt Typos
‘he ecient mene to an cst sitaran and only acidentally
sestetie endfor enjoyment of patter rary the reer hit
tin Therefore ay disposi printing tral which hater
the ition he he ele of emi beeen sor au ree
‘Shtong, Stanley Meson
Typography may he defined 2 the at of ighly desing printing
‘nutri accordance wh specie parse of sb arranging the
fer ating th ac andor he pe a a 0
maximus the readers compen of tet Type 8
the cliccot em fav erent elearaned ply tbr
eile red for segment pti eich ite eg et
sn. Therefor ay isposton of pring tral which whatever
{he intention, hes the ect af coming betwen author and rede
‘wrong, Suiley Moron
Typography may he deine a the ato rightly disposing printing
nutri ia accordance wih specie purpose of sb arranging the
lees, disibuting the space and contlling te type at a 10
‘he maim thereaders comprehension ofthe tx Typography i
‘he ficient rans to an ently iltaran and nl scien
aesthetic end, for enoyent of pate i rarely the readers chit
im. Therefore. any disposition a vate mater which whatever
{hc itenton, ha heeft of coming betas shor ac reer
‘sverong ‘Stanley Morison
“Typography may be dined the at of righty disposing printing
‘material in accordance with spite paps of so arranging the
Jeers, diag the space the ype asta
the maximum the reader’ comprehension ofthe tex Typorap i
‘he ecient means to an esentalywiltaran al oly acidetally
scthtic nd, for eajpmetof pti ay the rider chit
rs. Thereore. at dispeition fpr material which, whatever
the tention, ls thee of coming been autor aa rea
iswromg. ‘Stnley Morison
wcll
a
Typosraphy maybe defined a the at of gly daposing printing
terial in accordance with specie purpose: of x aonging the
eters, distributing the space an contrallng the type ast ad to
the masimam the eaders comprehension of thetext- Typogeap ys
‘the ficient mans to an esctllyutitarian al nly acidentally
tht en for eyment of patterns rary the ears ciel
Therefor, any disposition of printing material which, whatever
the caiow fs te effet of conning between nba and vader
iswrong Srastty Monisox
"yeqaapay maybe defindastheart of rightly posing printing
mater in accordance with specie puns: of So aranging the
eters dstebuting the space and contig the type as aid to
‘he maximum the readers comprehension ofthe test. TypoRsap by
the eit means wo a esently wari aed only seehentlly
esthetic end for enjoyment of patterns rarely the reader’ eiet
sim. Therefrsany disposition of pring material which whatever
Ue intention haste el of ening econ
uth and ead wrong.
Santry Monison
oad hoe peso ac by hh pig
Minoan ain
Inde enhance both the atractives a the radii of
2 text ie sometimes nena to rede the seo the type while
ecping he same aeapcing The optically gee nespacing thin
produced makes easier tallow the lines[
Ifapageincide pasiagsof testinal sxc types witht
intrineae space, the msn et that follows mst res the min
Iseline pid Whether ar not sch insert ended wil den
9‘Typography is not an art. Typography
is nota science. Typography isa craft.
Nota craft in the sense of blindly fol-
lowing some poorly understood rules,
» but rather in the sense of the precise
‘Typography is not an art. Typography
is nota science. Typography is a craft.
Nora craft in the sense of blindly fol-
lowing some poorly understood rules,
but rather in the sense of the precise
Typography is not an art. Typography snot scence. Typography
isaerafe Acrafnotinthe sense inl fllowing some pooriyur
derstood rues, bt uber in the sense of the precise application of
tried and tested experience The typographer must kiow how the
ook bread eh purposeitserves, inorder develop iseon-
‘cept The sypographer is sll responsible for the content ofthe
book asis the interior designer forthe thoughts ofthe person who
sitgonthechairhe designed Thechairmostbecomfortbleandsu
ficient robust -no more than hat,
“Typoprply ie nor an art. Typography i nt 3 sience Typography
‘sacra Acraftnotinthesenseof blindly fllowingsome pool n-
derstood rues, bur itberin the sense ofthe precise application of
vied and rested experionee. The wypographer must know how the
book be read, what purpose teres, inorder to deveop ison
‘cept The typographer sas itl responsible forthe content ofthe
‘ookassthe inerer designer forthe thoughts ofthe person who
sitson the chair designed, The chair mast be comiortbleandsut
ciency robuet-momore than that.
mc at ee nda a
‘atl gn
Ctenberg can no longer be our paradigm Gute
berg ean no Songer ll ws what we should do, but
nly make us quiet of what we onl no do
‘What we should notdoisopy handwritten patrns
when signing: en asa concept this is wrong,
find 1 invariably produces dubious ress, which
4 ahwapsook atta. ifmot downright kitsch
‘Gutenberg can no longer be ou paradigm Gten-
be can longer tll ws what we shoal do, but
only make us qui aa of what we should a do
‘What we should not do copy andre pt
‘eans when designing type. ren 26 a concep hiss
‘wrong and i ivaraly prods dubious reas
1 which abeays ook artical if not downright kitsch
Gutenberg can no longer be our paradign. Gite
bergean no longer ell what we shoul do, but
nly make usquiy area what we should nt do:
What weshould not Joiscopyhandwriten patterns
when designing yp, Even as aconcept hiss wrong,
sna it inaraly proces dubious els hich
«ys lookartel fot Joerg ioc
‘Gutenberg am na longer hear pari. Ces
bergen monger ll us what we should do but
‘only mae us quel aware of what we shold mot do:
‘What weshould not dois copy hardin
patterns when designing type ren asa cencep tis
'swrongand itimatibly peodces dbus ress,
4 which as lookaeieiah nt domrrigh kuch
(5 Whterthe tet ssid aor endl ly ide
‘hc enw nnn tia yal ag
50
pedsoun,
?
5For me, typogriphy i esently giving an arcu statement
2 form appropri toa statement porn cement
at iypogrip articulation whine pace, Theve only sci
‘ypopenhy: all her apphicaiom of spograply are fdas
«TR Ee panic design or wome meant ef pychorheray oF
oa, ypgeapiy enemy hing a arcu semen
fom appre to emenicoThe a prea cee of
ogee acu is wate space There ont
‘umpire of pray ar amen ee
VGeliedairaraecmrerdGmeticcers
For me, ypograpy essentially ging an antculted statement a
farm appropri that statement The mest important lem of
‘ypographcariclaon eve space. There's ony practi! yp
"apy all ther appetions of typography ae fundamentally fee
« gapnic design or seme means of paychodheapy oF
For me pcgraphy i estental giving an arteated sateen» Gem
Spyoprne ott satcment The mst mporantcement ot ypograahe
Srtcuton fhe space, There any praca” tpoprapn al the
Sppleons of ypoqrapty se fandarctl hee rpc design o some
4 tears of prehathenpy oF
45. mes ue hy oS fe i se Mpg
likewise. if as pst-688 ideology insite, monsics were no
Jonge kings by Divine Right but by contact, on what grounds
‘ould fathers and husbands lgisimately claim thee ascendency
terion ——
‘na modest couplet Lady Maty Chudleigh thus got to the heart,
ofthe gender fot hesenant pebleml
5 temine itv an se pop na an ihe
se
‘on the onl npgraphic desig thor non the typo
by ill appeat lw disjointed. On the other and, t may look
‘trang if=asin ur example— the inssof the inser text are very
shot Anyndent othe inserted passagesboald match theindeto
‘he main ext [7
‘the sane way that He desig ans of the ype the leg of
‘helin. the nespacig. and thesyleofthesetingll determine the
ove appearance ofthe composition, histo = the type ate, the
sm ofall the lines alo hasan fet onal he other corpo
‘of pograpy ed on the propetions ofthe aegis in patil
typography. deailcan ever be considered in lation, Howey
«ta mane on to conser ses concerning the position of he type
atcton the pe would he to move away fom thems focus
‘book deal ypograph
sa
wma alee‘he qualitios of type
‘Alle well-nown and fequenty sed eypefaces ar equally eb
‘nv nuchthesame ste of thersc-bol versions seis oo
aremoe ores equally eile Tinker eho among others reached
this conelsion, dows however mention that his espondents found
the samsri he wel (Kabel Light) toe unattractive. Ones api
‘ne ence the phenomenon tha typetaces~ reatdew of theie
‘optical eiiiy~ tiger particule elings onthe part of readers
‘Sinplythroogh thr appearance anda havea polive or agave
Impact. This sent to Be pragmatic eridence o show that ver td
_lhve thee primary an esetil ok of acting a4 vs mans
‘of transport for language ypetics are ao abe to communicate
atmosphere
In this content, Spencer mentions analyses by Ovi an Zach
ison tha enforce this assumption. However om the bass ofan
analysisof advertisements overapeiod of 9 years Spencer hives
hat ing of congenaity may have itl enor tabi,
sch an examination supports Ward's view, thatthe choce af an
appropriate typeice is a subconscious act, the fet of which i
“pomeral We mty orflet that sansrftterforms which ae
ecm much sein thiscentrytcxpessthe notin f "node"
sere it eve in the eighth century because of thie assole
‘ions with uggs antigay
Kap plato: “Te eit aftypfice raver ie
forthe interpretation of atest and its content. also perms
to interpret atest in various ways, much a an opera oF piece af
sri willbe difecely interpreted by dierent artis. Bat an ants,
‘working hus, wth existing work, must take care vo ret the
spirtofthework; hemay not work tains
‘Wilherg repraices the por “Bidhauersches' by Cheistian
Morgenstern fom fe diferent editions, anl pis tothe
Loma text and yp land ypoqraphic design Fe typesize
smentaralempbasisal hae theif) Aller aragsing the five ver
sions he conclu thatthe post can be readin al five versions
I we nevertheless el (despre the reduction ns) hat toes not
affected by the type, thew this sa indication that the
design of the type fa absorbed in the reading of he text, ad
sa
rr ny be tinea of ah sping iting
teil oaoanae with spesit purpose of warangingte te
tebatinghe pace and controling the eypeas toa ne msasimtbe
reales comprehension ofthe ext Typography steeticient means a
an emctaly warn aden accidental acetic fr ey
‘meat paternal the ea’ hi si. Therefore, anys
Iypographickannumschveben werden abe Ks dsSstzmatei
‘hernstmmng mit eines stint Zeck cig pera
soe Type nrondnen al die Zvncenraneso ues
‘em scr ds Vern de Testes in Michie i Die
typographic hat on Wencatichen cn patches und ne lc
asthetiche ik den sche wll ache esr vor a
Typoqrtckan omicheven worden als aj de buns sop cen ite
se drkatl te ordenen i vcreestesseing mt ea baal
les an ada de tert angst, uit veel en
‘et scr tc ices als dig i 29 vig moet good
‘erttnvan de thst door de ee tebeocdcten. Typist dot
{oven idl hel Wee ten align ato glen
La typorapi pete dni come art optiner ls dspostionde
eet less estivation sigue: ee de placer
les tres de epi Fespce et de choses aac i eit
‘aumarinurslncomprthenson du ee parse leew aspect cath
tique dela ypopraphi eno it qu accent on bate exert
leon tae at gute une le seta
rite en Gn
intregia rocomrcbiai Itednaper dager omits me
teil starnurein fanzine unscopo specific: guint dis
perpesiionarle lett dstrbielo puso acontrolare degrade
‘auteral ied atria arta igo comprenson de
tot, Latino il mera fc per unui esi so
‘xcsiamamenteilgouiments exec dle forme deta capo pin
11 Seiya sm ypeinsnes he se pti ei,
dhs yo sonore ou,‘Avissal was printed at Colognein 1485, andthe texture faces cut
for it were given exaggerated terminals, in some texts diamond
shaped in others horizontal, whieh make them dating snd
rather ups At the same time, about 1465-80, the types of the
‘asi book script fashion give way inthe books of scholstie phi
losophy andiaw tocondenseatypes withthe tactuedcurves an
A Mia pri ot Coban di tsa
ieee en exaggerated teria, 8 umne tet donated
ines ort which ke then davai aa ahr gh At
the aime time, sot 165, aes he bake Boker
Shion gh ay nthe books of achat: Bony and aw ce
dened typevwahthe Factoredcurverael erphaic terminal the
AMisslwoaprinted atColognsin 45, andthe equ fcexeut for
ewer ive exaggerated erminal,isometests diamond-shaped
inothersoriontal which make thom dazaingand rather ugly At
the same time abou 14658, the types of the base book erp
"ashion give way in the books o chasse philosophy and aw to
condensed ype with the freed carves nd emphatic terminals
‘Ati wos printed ot Cologne 1483, andthe wextwafaces cut
fort were avon exaggerated terminals, n some texts diamond:
‘Shaped in others horizontal which mako thom dazzling and other
Ugh. AL the samo time, about 1465-80, the types of tho bose
bok Sept ashion aie way inthe books cholate philosophy
‘ad aw tocondoncod type withthe foctrod curves and erga.
Aisa was pine at Calagpein 1, and the cena fs ctor it
‘exe gueneaggented ema nsemcteusdame shapes
Teint which make them dang and atheroply Abeaxsetine,
hoot 1858 the typ ofthe tse ook srg fishin ge way in
thehosk schol philesophy and roca ys wih the
facie ures and cmpatictcrniab ofthe een ain cnc edly
Absa was printed at Cologne in 483 and the rexruafceseu for
iewore given exaggerated terminals in some ext dismond-shped
imozhes horizontal, which make hem dazling ar ater ai At
‘the same tm, about 1465-80 the yp of tebasic hook srp
‘shion give way ine books of chasse philosophy nd aw 1 com
ensedyposwiththetrataredcurvesandcmphaitereinabof the
‘A Missal was vinted at Calagne in 483, an the tetra faces efor
‘were gi exaggerates tenn, in same tte diamond shaped in
‘others hariontl, which make them dszaing and rather aly. A the
sama tin, about 1485-8, the types ofthe base bok asion
jive may Inthe Boos of scholastic pilosopy and tw to condensed
‘pes wth the fated curves and emphatic tein ofthe textua,
‘A Miwal was printed at Cologne in ay. i ests ic cat
Tor it were give exaggerate teria sone tet ds
shape other rival, which make them izing and ith
‘al At the sine nao 1468-Hothesypes othe baie book
Serie fasion give way inthe books of else phioxopb a
Ine taconemedeypes with the aetaned cures and epi te
‘AWissal was printed at Cologne in 1483, andthe exura aces et
fori were piven exaggerated terminal, in some texts dimond.
‘shaped in others horizontal which rake them dnzzling and rather
Ly At the sametime, about 465-80, the types ofthe basic hook:
Strt fashion give way i the Books 0 schol philosophy and
low to condensed types with the Fractured carver and emphatic
AMMisal was primed at Cologne 48, and thetexurafceseu fo
lwere given exaggerate terminals in some ets amon sap
in ohets horizontal which make thers darling and eather ug AC
the same tm, about 465-80, the rypeso the ase book sep
"hic give way in the oksofscholastic philosophy
Sneed type wth the fctoed eurveranl open imino
exo De Rot Angie Of Se ef 59 es et
So gp Se Sy Rigi ne ond eg se
ads jo soytponb 4scontribute sown tonto the acral mass, thr constrctveyor
‘patie Italo becomes apparent that harmon indispense
“The copcsionemst be that good typagraphers ae eight to give
Serious consideration to which typeface they choose fr which tex.
‘When Wilber vrarks (evn icy in putes) That
not the typtae aon, bat aso the typographic design
arrangement emphasis sponsible fo the ove
‘hese or impression he woushes in my view.ona hy point
The impesion crested by any one typece can only eases
whem al the eypelaces concerned ae wed st the same testi
the same si 10 the same mcs, wth te same nespacog and
ave print by the same meth, wth the same ink and aking, om
the same paper withthe same mari.
ng to at an af thee cement changes the impression
ested bythe type for they areal intrrlitd [7.7] ln book for
instance, the indie elemens ae also more ores cosy elted
tots extent ant it staility or eit, and ths othe way it
isbound andthe binding miteros~ tha tots optic wats
physicality
‘A thoortcly les attentive typeface can, rough the proper