API -653

23/11/2016
1-in the case of apparent conflicts between the requirement of this stander and
API 650 or its predecessor API 12 C this standard shall govern for tanks that have
been in service

2-all requirement of API 650, ANNEX M shall be considered before changing the
service of operation at temperature above 200 F.

3- L shall not more than 40 in.

4- L is the maximum vertical length.

5- Find t min 2 question

6- Cracks in the shell –to –bottom weld shall be removed.

7- Give product specific gravity less than 1 of unknown material and give
thickness of first shell course is 0.5 in and required bottom plate minimum
thickness is 0.17.

8 – Brittle fracture considerations about 5 questions.

9- Visual external inspection is required at least every five years or RCA /4N
years whichever is less.

10- The RPI assessment shall be reviewed and approved by a team as above at
interval not exceed 10 year.

11- THE RPI assessment shall be performed by personal knowledge in RBI

accordance with API 580 AND TANK DESIGN.

12-corrosion rate from low inspection effectiveness such as spot UT shall not be
used in the RBI process.

13- the results of any experiences with coating and lining shall be documented
on repair / alteration history .
14-the minimum repair plate dimension is 4 in.

15- Give thickness ½ ‘’ and required the distance from the splice weld to existing
shell penetration H is 3’’.

16-welded –on patch plate shall not be placed over area of the tank bottom that
have global dishing.

17-welded –on patch plates are not permitted in the critical zone on a tank
bottom with an operating temperature exceeding 200 F for carbon steel.

18 - give connection size NPS equal 18’’ and required minimum shell plate
thickness is ½ ‘’.

19- Flange –to – nozzle –neck welds do not require welder identification.

20-method most used to detected cracks is RT /PT/MT.

21-hydrostatic test exemption by the tank owner / operator has authorized the
exemption in writing and fitness for service evaluation.

22- Radiographs and radiograph records of all repaired welds shall be marked
with the letter ‘R ‘.

23- give tank diameter 65 ft. and required minimum number of elevation points
is 8.

24- Minimum required number of settlement measurement points shall not be

less than 8.

25- The new nameplate shall be attached to the tank sell adjacent to the
existing nameplate.

26- Radiographs shall be retained for at least one year.

27- Measurement of tank settlement should be performed by personnel

experienced in the types of measurement procedures being performed.
28- Give D = 120 FT AND RADIUS = 4 ft. and we need maximum allowable edge
settlement for area with bottom lap weld approximately parallel to the shell
(4.6) from figure B-11)

29- Presence of crushed rock under the steel bottom usually in service
underside corrosion

30- The bottom –scanning examiners (operators and or UT examiner) should be

re-qualified when the authorized inspection agency has reason agency has
reason to question the ability of the examiner.

31- The floating –roof tank is designed to breathing losses.

32- The presence of clay cause pitting corrosion.

33- Internal corrosion of these tanks in the vapor space caused by hydrogen
sulfide vapor, water vapor, oxygen.

34- Flame arrestors should be inspected at appropriate intervals.

35- The lowest one –day mean temperature for LOS Angeles is 35 F.

36- Corrosion and abrasion protection: of column wear plate nominal thickness
and minimum fillet weld shall not less than 6 mm (¼’’) shall be welded to the
tank bottom with a 6mm (¼’’) minimum fillet weld.

37- The slope of the frangible roof at the top angle attachment does not exceed
2: 12

38- Personnel who perform and evaluate radiographic examination shall be

qualified according to ASNT SNT- TC- 1A.

39-NED shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure that is

certified with the applicable requirement of section V of the ASME code.

40 – A minimum pressure of vacuum box is 3 if/in 2.

41- thin-film lining may to new tanks

42- The anchor pattern required for lining is typically 1.5 to 4 mils.

43- thick- film linings shall be inspected by using high – voltage detector

44- Thin- film linings should be performed with a low – voltage (67.5 votes)

45- Catholic protection surveys shall be performed ANNUAL.

46- Heat affected zone portion of base metal no melted but mechanical
properties or microstructure have been altered.

47- The minimum of range gamma ray is 2.

48- To minimize burn through, the first weld should be made with 3/32 in (4.76
mm) or smaller diameter welding electrode.

49- Tolerance of magnetizing shall not deviate by more than +_10% .

50- MIC corrosion is usually observed as localized pitting under deposits or

tubercles.

51 which of the following has most atmospheric corrosion marine

environments.

52- MFL operator shall receive training of 40 hours.

53- For similar service assessment, Heavy sticky oil is as class H.

54- UNSUPERVISED RT examiner shall qualify to ASNT-SNT –TC -1A LEVEL 1.

55- How many RT films shall be taken for completed joints of replaced
rectangular portion of the tank shell? 6 films

56 –when it is impractical to stress relieve at a minimum temperature of 600C

(1100 F), it is permissible to carry out the stress –relieving operation at 1000F
for 4 hours (table 5-7-04-5)

57- Inorganic zinc (zinc silicates) is often applied to internal tank surface
however it is not considered a thin film coating according to API 653
58- IF welder is qualified for welding for welding of plate groove it also qualified
for most fillet weld.

59- The best way to determine the extent of lining before repair is by visual
inspection.

60- During visual inspection the tank ground connection is observed to have
electrical damage so your action is its resistance can be checked.

61-the best method to measure the depth of isolated pitted area pit gauging.

62- Connected pipe outside tank and go underneath ground, the soil around
pipe shall be removed and the pipe inspected visually.

63- Carbon steel and 300 series ss have serious corrosion problems in high
strength caustic solutions above 150 F.

64- An interruption of the typical structure of a material, such as a lack of

homogeneity in its mechanical metallurgical or physical characteristics

is discontinuity ( api -577-3.13.22)

65- During internal inspection accumulation of self-ignition sources can be

found on the tank bottom and top of rafter s

66- Usually, close visual inspection is sufficient when checking for crack – like
flaws but for increased sensitivity, liquid penetrant or magnetic particle
examination should be used.

67-for the purpose surface preparation prior to lining application , the

preparation procedure is as following remove all hydrocarbon residues such as
oil by solvent cleaning and high or ultra-high pressure water or steam cleaning
fresh water rinse then sand blasting .

68- The stander method of determining the effectiveness of cathode protection

on a tank bottom is the tank- to soil potential measurement.
69- Which of the following is considered to be an alteration installation of shell
penetration of NPS 14 in.

70- RCA problem

71- The external visual inspection shall be every five year, when this inspection
can be made before this period, if the interval is calculated to be less than the
one-fourth corrosion rat life.

72- Prior to conducting internal or external inspection, the inspector should

thoroughly review any available inspection records to become familiar with
previous problems and recommendations noted.

73- Corrosion rat to problem for change the service tank wok at 10year with oil
and after 10 year work with water.

74- If the drains are blocked an accumulation of liquid can cause floating roofs
to sink

75- If the internal inspection is required solely for the purposed of determine
the condition and integrity of the tank bottom, the internal inspection may be
accomplished with the tank bottom, the internal inspection may be
accomplished with the tank in –service utilizing various ultrasonic robotic
thickness measurement.

76- Abrasive blasting should not be performed if the temperature of the steel
surface is less than (3 c) 5 F above the dew point (10 F)

77-newly welded bottom joints shall be tested using vacuum box and solution
film or by mean of: tracer gas and detector examination.

78- UT test inspection of the shell plate for laminations in the affected area is
mandatory when a reinforcement plate is added to an existing un-reinforced
shell penetration.

79- A tank has a shell corrosion rat of mils per year and remaining corrosion
allowance of .017 ‘’. For this tank, the maximum interval for service UT
thickness measurement is 15 year.
80- Corroded roof plates shall be repaired or replaced, when the: average
thickness is less than 0.009 in a 100 square inch area.

81- The critical zone for repairs to tank bottoms is that portion of the bottom or
annular plate within 3’’ of the inside edge of the shell, measured radially
inward.

82- For tank to be reconstructed a 48 ft. high tank has a diameter of 127 ft. .
What is the max out- of –plumpness allowed? 5’’

83- Disadvantages of impressed current systems: more frequent monitoring.

84- Frequency magnetizing equipment with an ammeter shall be calibrated at

least once a year, or whenever the equipment has been subjected to major
electric repair periodic overhaul, or damage. If equipment has not been in use
for a year or more, calibration shall be done prior to first used.

85-given thickness is 3/8’’ and depth of pit 0.18 ‘’ is it acceptable without

repairs.

86- procedure is qualified on plate 0.5 thick which of the following thicknesses is
not qualified?

a- 1’’ b - ½’’ c- ¼’’ d- 1/8’’

87- if piping near the tank enters the ground , the soil should be excavated -------
--------inches for inspection .

a- 1-3 b- 3-6 c -6-12 d 12-18

88- in order to comply with API 650 , the finished surface of a weld
reinforcement on plate ½’’ thick horizontal butt joint may have a reasonably
uniform crown not to exceed ------------------------for radiographic examination .

a- ¼’’ b- 3/16’’ c- 1/8’’ d-1/16’’

89- If a repair / modification weld is made on a tank shell plate that is thicker
than 1’’, the base metal I thin 3’’ inches of the welding shall be heated to a
temperature of approximately degrees.

1- 120F
2- 140 F
3- 160 F
4- 200 F ( 1 ½’’ )

90- How many root bend and face bend are required to qualify a 3/8’’ plate
groove weld?

a- 0
b- 1
c- 2 ( I root , 1 face )
d- 4

91 – The maximum acceptable undercutting on horizontal butt weld of a

reconstructed tank is -------inch

a- 1/64
b- 1/32
c- 1/16
d- 1/8

92-prior to welding the new vertical joint the existing horizontal weld shall be
cut for minimum distance 12 in by one the new vertical joint.

93-expcepte to permitted repair plate shall be the smaller of ½’’ in or the

thickness of the shell plate adjacent to the repair.

94-all corner for repair plate shall be rounded to a minimum radius is 2’’

95- Minimum repair plate dimension is 4’’, and the maximum vertical and
horizontal dimension of repair plate is 48 in and 72 in respectively.

96- From fig 9-12(653) give t = 0.5 ‘’ and we need J= 3 ‘’

97- NO WELDING OR WELD OVERLAYS are permitted within the critical zone
except for the welding of: widely scattered pits.

98- The minimum dimension for a welded –on patch plate that overlap bottom
seam or existing patch is 12 ‘’

99-hot taps welding shall be done with low hydrogen electrodes

100- Annex G may be used to provide additional guidance in qualifying

personnel and procedures when magnetic flux leakage (MFL) tools are used to
examine tank bottom, owner/ operators should determine specific
requirements to meet their tank bottom integrity needs. (API 653 12.1.1.5)

101- The critical combination of factors in brittle fracture can occur: the stress
concentration effect of a flaw.

102- Caustic stress corrosion cracking occurs in equipment as well as heating

coils and other heat transfer equipment.

103- MIC resistance material (nickels)

104- Bolting and flange shall conform to ASTM A 193 B 7 (API 650 4.7 A)

105-such as API standard that applies if the tank were built today (current
applicable standard)

106 – Fitness – for – service or other appropriate evaluation methodology based

on established principles and practices to exempt a repair from hydrostatic test,
this evaluation shall be performed by an engineer experienced in storage tank
design and the evaluation methodologies used.

107- Leak test pressure for reinforced plate is 15 psi.

108 – Given I QI = 17 and find 2T HOLE diameter (0.035 ‘’)

109- Cathode protection these measurements are commonly made with

reference electrode placed in contact with the soil at several places around the
perimeter of the tank.
110-GIVIN WPS and asked for thickness of deposited weld metal qualified

111- According the WPS AND PQR given AWS E-7018 and the inspector found
the welder start welding by E-7010 what action taken by the inspector:

1- Cutting the weld and used E-70118 the weld

2- Stop the welder by E-7010 and complete the weld by E-7018
3- Requalified PQR for used E7010
4- The weld accepted by E -7010.

112 –GIVE thickness rig in WPS from ¼’’ to 1 ½’’ And thickness for PQR IS 0.5’’

FIND thickness ring qualified TO WPS AND PQR?

113-when checking for pits, bulges, and depressions during an internal

inspection of the shell and bottom of a tank using flashlight, the flash light beam
gives best results when held:

1- Perpendicular to the surface being inspected.

2- Parallel and closed to the surface to be inspected

114- if the floating swing from angle exceeds 65 degrees , (recommended

installation a limiting bracket ) (API 653 ANNEX-C -2-11-6 )

115- The minimum width of the stairways is:

1- 24’’
2- 28’’ (able 5-18 API 650 )
3- 32’’
4- 34 ‘’

116- What is the primary reason( s ) for using floating roof ?

1- To minimize vapor space.

2- To minimize time of fill and empty
3- To maximize outlet pressure.
 4- To prevent from contamination by external impurities.

117- Tank is constructed as per API 650 GIVEN H=40 ft., D= 160 ft. , WIDTH OF
COURES = 8 ft. And L= 24 in and designed the CA = 0125 ‘’ AND minimum
thickness t2 is among following reading (0.345’’, 0.4’’, 0.3’’, 0.25’’, 0.45’’) if the
location of the critical length is 1 feet from the second course of the shell what
is the value of H in the formula for calculating t min?

a- 32 feet

b- 31 feet ( H = 40 -8 -1 = 31 feet )
c- 40feet
d- 28 feet

118- Before decision for the lining repair the inspector should be inspection by

1- Holiday test for the lining

2- Visually test for the lining
3- Thickness measurement
4- Corrosion rate.