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0% found this document useful (1 vote)
337 views12 pagesPython Model Soultion 2
python model solutions
Uploaded by
Yasha DhiguCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 12
PYTHON APPLICATION PROGRAMMING
MODEL QUESTION PAPER-2__
Write python program to swap two numbers using functions. (write without using
intermediate/temporary variables). Prompt the user for input.
def swapla,b):
print (‘Before swapping a=%s b=%s' s6(a,b))
print "After swapping a=%s b=%s" %(a,b)}
ainput("Enter a:")
beinput( "Enter
swapla,b)
Find the area and perimeter of a circle using functions. Prompt the user for input,
defealc(r):
import math
areazmath.pitr**2
perimeter=2*math.pi*r
return area,perimeter
print(*to find
loat(input("
abecale(r)
print(“area:",a)
print("perimeter:",b)
rimeter and area of circle")
enter radius:"))
Explain variable names, Keywords, operators, operands and order of operations with
examples.
Variable Names:
© Avariable is a name that refers to value.
© The value is assigned to variable using equal sign(=).
‘© Variable names can be arbitrarily long. They can contain both letters and
‘aumbers, but they cannot start with a number.
© Legal to use uppercase letters, but itis a good idea to begin variable names with
2 lowercase letter.
‘© Underscore character(_) can appear in name
© Eg:name=’CBIT’
Keywords:
Python interpreter uses keywords to recognize the structure of the program, and
they cannot be used as variable names,
Python reserves 31 keywords.
Like... and.as assert, break, class, continue, def, del, elif, else, except, exec,
finally, for, from, if, is not, pass, print, while etc,,
* Eg: word="mango’
for word in words:
Print word
Operators:
© Operators are special symbols that represent computations like addition and
subtraction.
‘¢ The values the operator is applied to are called Operands ‘= The operators +, ,*, 7, and ** performs addition subtraction, multiplication,
division and exponentiation
* 8: 20432 hour*60+minute
hour minute/60
52 (549)*(15-7)
Order of operations:
‘+ When more than one operator appears in an expression, the order of evaluation
depends on the rules of precedence
+ For mathematical operations, python follows mathematical convention,
‘Acronym PEDMAS is 2 useful way to remember the rules:
¥ Parantheses have the highest precedence and can be used to force an expression
to evaluate in the order you want. Since expression in parantheses are evaluated
first, 2*(3-1) is 4
¥-_Exponentiation has the next highest precedence, so 2**141 is 3 not 4,
¥ Multiplication and division have same precedence ehich is higher than addition
and subtraction which also have same precedence. So 2*3-1 is S and 6+4/2 is 8.
Y Operators with same precedence are evaluated from left to right, So the
expression 5-3-1 is 1
‘Write pythonic code to solve the quadratic equation ax**2+bxe=0 by getting input for
coefficients from the user.
Solution:
import emath
##To take coefficient input from the users
a= float{input(‘Enter a: )
b= float(input(*Enter b: ))
c= float(input{'Enterc:'))
# calculate the discriminant
d= (b**2}-(4*atc}
find two solutions
solt = (-b-emath.sart(d))/(2*a)
sol2 = (-b+cmath.sqrt(d)}/(2*a)
print("The solution are {0} and {1} format(sol1,sol2))
| Write a function called is_palindrome that takes a string argument and returns True ifitis
a palindrome and False otherwise. Use builtin function to check the length of a string.
Prompt the user for input.
Solution
‘word = raw_input(‘Want to see if itis a palindrome?\n')
def is_palindrome(word}
iflen(word) <= 2 and word(0}
print "rue!
elif word{0} == word!-2}
is_palindrome(word{1:-1)
else:
print ‘False’
is_palindrome(word)
‘wordl-1]: b)
print "factorial is” fact)
| checkethe length of string
| >>>Words=input(‘enter a string’:)
| >>len(word)
| Explain syntax errors and logic errors. Write pythonic code which prompts the user for a
| Celsius temperature. Convert the temperature to Fahrenheit and print out the converted
temperature. Use try and except so that your program handles non-numeric input
gracefully by printing a message and exit the program.
| solution:
| Syntax errors:
Syntax error means that violated the grammar rules of python. Python does its best to
point right at the line and character where it noticed it was confused. it indicates in a
syntax error may just be a starting point for investigation.
Logic errors:
‘logic eror is when program has good syntax but there is a mistake in the order of the
statements or perhaps 2 mistake in how the statements relate to one another.
Celcius to Fahrenheit
inp=input(Enter celcius temperature:
try:
celsius=float(inp)
fahrenheit = (celsius * 1.8) + 32
print(fahrenheit)
except:
print( please enter a number)
Strings in python are immtable”. Explain this statement with example. Write
pythoniccode to find the factorial of any number entered through the keyboard.
Solution:
>o>greeting="Hello, world!”
ogreetinglO}=
The above expression gives typeerror: object does not support item assignment
The reason for error is immutable, which means existing strings cant be changed.
The best can be done is create a new string that is a variation on the original
>>> greeting="Hello, world!”
>oonew_greeting="'+ greeting [1:]
>>> print new_greetin,
Jello, world!
This example concatenates a new frst letter onto a slice of greeting, It has no effect on
the original string,
Factorial of number:
number=int(input(‘enter a number to calculate the fact’)
fact=1
while number>0:
fact=fact*number
number=number-1
‘Anumber with more than one digit is input through the keyboard. Write pythonie code to
reverse the digits in the number and find the sum of all the digits in the reversed number.
Solution:
Number=int(input(‘please enter number:’))
| [| TReverse=0
While(aumber>0): |
Remainder=numbers10
Reverse=(Reverse* 10}+Remainder
Number=Number/10
| Print("\n reverse of entered number is = ¥4" %Reverse) _ -
<)___| Explain the following string methods in detail a) upper() and b) find(). Write a python
program to check whether a number is prime or not using while loop and print
appropriate messages,
Solution:
Upper(): It takes a string and returns a new string with all uppercase letters
>peword= ‘banana’
>ponew=word.upper()
>>>print{new)
Find(): searches for the position of one string within another
jord find(‘a’)
>>>printlindex)
umber=int(input(‘enter a number’)
prime=True
while ic=int{math.sart(number)}
if number%i==0:
prime=False
break
isis
if number>> camels=42
>>>'%d" % camels,
ae
>>>'l have spotted %éd camels.’ % camels
‘have spotted 42 camels’
‘Write pythonic code that iteratively prompts the user for input. It should continue until the user enters ‘done’ and return the average value.
count=0
average=0
while(True}:
put(‘enter a number’)
done’)
except
print("invalid input")
print(‘Ave’,average)
‘Why do you need regular expressions in python? Consider a file “ait.txt”. Write a python
program to read the file and look for lines of the form
X-DSPAM-Confidence:0.8475
X-DSPAM-Probability:0.458
Extract the number from each of the lines using a regular expression. Compute the
average of the numbers and print out the average.
Solution:
import re
hand=open(‘ait.txt’)
for line in hand:
line=line.rstrip()
ifre.findall(’*X\S*; ({0-9.}+)',ine)
print(line)
average of numbers:
sum=0
count:
average=0
while (True):
input(‘enter a number‘)
except
print(“invalid input”)
print (sum, count,average) ae
How are dictionaries and tuples used together? Demonstrate the use of tuple assignment
with dictionaries to traverse the keys and values of dictionary. Solution:
Dictionaries have a method called items that returns a list of tuples, where each tuple is a
key value pair.
{a’,10),('e':22),('b',1))
tuple assignment with dictionaries to traverse the keys and values
i=(a':10,
>eated.items( }
22)
for key,val in d.items{):
print val,key
ouput:
10a
2
1b
‘Write pythonic code to create a function called most_frequent that takes a string and
prints the letters in decreasing order of frequency using dictionary.
Solution:
defmost_frequent(string):
for key in string:
it key not in a
dfkey|:
else:
dlkey}+=1
return d
print (most_frequent(‘aabbbc’))
Consider the string ‘brontosaurus’. Write pythonic code that implements and returns the
functionality of histogram using dictionaries for the given string. Also, write the function.
print_hist to print the keys and their values in alphabetical order from the values
returned by the histogram function.
Solution:
for ¢ in word:
iftenot in d:
dfe}=1
else:
d{c}=1
print(d) >>> L=‘abracadabra’
>>> histogram(L)
{fa 5, "bi 2, c'
1'r:2}
def histogram(L)
d={}
for x in Le
if x ind:
lx] +
else’
a)
‘write an —init_ method for the point cass that takes xand yas optional parametres and
assigns them to corresponding attributes. Write an add method for Ponts that works with
either a Point object or a tuple. If the second operand is a Point, the method should.
return anew Point whose x coordinate isthe sum of the x coordinates ofthe operands,
and likewise forthe y coordinates. I the second operands a tuple, the method should
add the first element of the tuple to the x coordinate and the second element to the y
Coordinate, and return 3 new Point withthe resu
Solution:
def _add__(self, other):
point_ roint()
if isinstance(other, Point):
point_x += selfx+ other-x
oint_y 4=selfy + other:y
return
elif type(other) ==
point_x += self.x + other{0]
point_y += self.y + other[1]
return point_
det _radd_(self, other):
return self._add_(other)
def _str_(self
return "(%s, Xs)" % (sex, self-y)
point
point2
point3
point4 = point2 + point
print point3, point
b)
Write a function called distance that takes two points as arguments and returns the fance between them.
Solution:
import math
class Point( object):
point_one = Point()
point_two= Point()
point_one.x, point_one.y = 6.0, 1.0
oint_two.x, point_two.y = 2.0, 6.0
def distance(p1, p2):
delta_x=p2.x-pl.x
delia_y=p2y-ply
return math sqrt(delta_x ** 2 + delta_y ** 2)
print "The distance between point one at (%%g,%g)" % (point_one.x,
point_one.y)
print "and point two at (%g,%g)" % (point_two.x, point_two.y)
al print "is %3f" % distance(point_one, point two)
Write pythonic code to compute the end time of movie by specifying the start time and
duration by considering all relevant conditions.
Solution
import time
start_time = time.time()
# your script
elapsed_time = time.time() - start_time
time strftime("%H:%M:%S", time.gmtime(elapsed_time))
‘What is operator overloading? Write a pythonic code to overload "+","-" and
operators by providing the methods _add_,__sub__and_mul_.
Solution:
By defining other special methods, you can specify the behavior of
| operators on p# Hinside class Time:
def _add__(self, other):
seconds = self.time to int() + other-time_to_int()
return int_to_time(seconds)
def_sub__(selfother)
seconds = self:time_to_int() ~ other.time_to_int()
return int_to_time(seconds)
def__mul__(self,other):
seconds = selftime_to_int() * other.time_to_int()
return int_to_time(seconds) ‘And here is how you could use it:
>>> start = Time(9, 45)
>>> duration = Time(1, 35)
>>> print(start + duration)
>>> print(start - duration)
>>>print(start * duration)
When you apply the + operator to Time obj
4s, Python invokes _add_.
When you print the result, Python invokes _str_
So there is a lot happening behind the scenest Changing the behavior of an
operator so that it works with programmer-defined types is called operator
overloading,
b)
State a need for urlib in python. Explain why data is retrieved in blocks. Write pythonic
code to read any sized binary file using urlip without using up all of the memory you have
in your computer.
Solution:
iflen{info}
‘chuck
001
chuck
