Producing Electricity Using Ring Ferrite Magnets Notes
Producing Electricity Using Ring Ferrite Magnets Notes
Producing Electricity Using Ring Ferrite Magnets Notes
Assuming you're thinking of the sort of magnets used in everyday life, these are
magnetic due to ferromagnetism.
Iron atoms have an inherent magnetic field. This field is permanent and can't be
changed except by destroying the iron atom. In an unmagnetised chunk of iron you get
small regions of the iron, called domains, where the iron atoms line up to give a net
magnetic field. However in the chunk of metal as a whole the direction of the domains is
random so the magnetic fields cancel out and there is no net magnetism. When we
magnetise iron all we're doing is lining up some of the domains so their magnetic fields
reinforce each other instead of cancelling out. We're not adding any form of charge to
the chunk of iron.
Once you've magnetised your chunk of iron it will stay magnetised without needing any
extra energy to maintain it. To demagnetise it to need to randomise the domains again,
and there are generally two ways to do this. Firstly you can heat the iron until the
thermal vibration of the atoms overcomes their tendancy to line up. This is called
the Curie temperature, and above this temperature the net magnetism disappears. The
other way is to take your piece of iron and start remagnetising it in the opposite
direction. If you stop halfway you end up with no net magnetism. This is essentially
what degaussing does.
The point of all this is that if you line up two magnets so their fields align with each other
the magnets will stay magnetised, and can even increase in strength if you wait long
enough (though you'd be waiting a long time). The converse it that if you line up two
magnets so their fields oppose, e.g. north pole to north pole, and wait long enough their
net magnetisation will decrease.
In both cases the change in net magnetism is due to thermal fluctuations within the iron,
which is slow at room temperature. You can speed up the process by hammering the
magnets.
Also known as ceramic magnets, ferrite magnets offer excellent value for money when
pull strength is not the most important factor. They have a high resistance to corrosion
and produce an incredibly deep magnetic field.
Ring magnets are made specifically for loudspeaker systems and their sizes have
evolved with demand from this market. However, they are also commonly used in
magnetic rollers for separating applications and in the printing industry. They are also a
vital component found in fast running conveyor systems in many manufacturing plants
dealing with ferrous material.
Induce means:
Magnetism means:
1a: a class of physical phenomena that include the attraction for iron observed in
lodestone and a magnet, are inseparably associated with moving electricity, are
exhibited by both magnets and electric currents, and are characterized by fields of force