Scribd
Upload
21 views

Operators and Arithmetic Expressions in C: Computer Programming CMIS 1223

This document discusses operators and arithmetic expressions in the C programming language. It describes different types of operators in C like assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, and bitwise operators. It provides examples of using these operators to perform operations on variables and literals. The document also demonstrates sample programs using various operators and arithmetic expressions to calculate values.

Uploaded by

Ishara N Sajani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Operators and Arithmetic Expressions in C: Computer Programming CMIS 1223

This document discusses operators and arithmetic expressions in the C programming language. It describes different types of operators in C like assignment, arithmetic, relational, logical, and bitwise operators. It provides examples of using these operators to perform operations on variables and literals. The document also demonstrates sample programs using various operators and arithmetic expressions to calculate values.

Uploaded by

Ishara N Sajani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Computer Programming CMIS 1223

Operators and Arithmetic Expressions in C

Conducted by
Supun
Chamara
Thenuwara

Department of Computing and Information Systems


Operators
The operators(+,=,++,...) define how the variables and
literals(1,a,3,d,...) in the expression will be manipulated. C
supports several types of operators and they can be classified
as:

● Assignment operator
● Arithmetic operators
● Relational operators
● Logical operators
● Bitwise operators
●
Special operators (, => .)
● Pointer operators (*)

Pointer operators and special operators will be addressed in a


later chapter
Assignment Operator
● The assignment operator is the simple equal sign (=)

● The assignment operator is used to assign a value to a variable

● The format of an assignment statement is:


variable-name = expression;
Examples:
a = 5; // value of variable “a” becomes 5
a = 5+10; // value of variable “a” becomes 15
a = 5 + b; // value of variable “a” becomes 5 + value of b
a = b + c; // value of variable “a” becomes value of b + value of c
a = (x*x + y*y)/2;
a=a+b;
a+=b;
a -= b; // is same as a = a-b;
a *= b; // is same as a = a*b;
a /= b; // is same as a = a/b;
a %= b; // is same as a = a%b;
Arithmetic Operators
● Defined to do arithmetic operations(+, -, /, *, %,...)

Operator Action
+ Addition
- Subtraction
* Multiplication
/ Division (26/5=5)
% Modulo division (26%5=1, both values need to be integers)
++ Increment (a++ is Same as a=a+1 and Same as a+=1)
-- Decrement (a-- is Same as a=a-1 and Same as a-=1)
Relational and Logical Operators

● The relational operators are used to compare values forming


relational expressions (a>=4, a==5,...)

● The logical operators are used to connect relational expressions


together using the rules of formal logic(p AND q, p OR q,..,)

● Both types of expressions produce TRUE or FALSE results.


Operator Action
Relational Operators
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal
< Less than
<= Less than or equal
== Equal
!= Not equal
Logical Operators
&& AND (a>=p && a==q)
|| OR (a>=p || a==20)
! NOT (!(a>=p) && a!=q)
Bitwise Operator
● Using C you we can access and manipulate bits in variables

● It allows us to Perform low level Operations

● There are 6 bitwise operators


Operator Action
& Bitwise AND (12 & 8=8)
| Bitwise OR (12 | 10=14)
^ Bitwise XOR ('A' ^ 32='a' and 'a'^32='A')
~ One's complement
>> Right shift (12 >>2=3)
<< Left shift (3<<2=12)

int c=a<<2; (Equivalent to “a” is multiplied by 4)


char c='B'^32; (Equivalent to converting “A” to its Lower case)
Relational and Logical Operators

● The relational operators are used to compare values forming


relational expressions (a>=4, a==5,...)

● The logical operators are used to connect relational expressions


together using the rules of formal logic(p AND q, p OR q,..,)

● Both types of expressions produce TRUE or FALSE results.


Operator Action
Relational Operators
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal
< Less than
<= Less than or equal
== Equal
!= Not equal
Logical Operators
&& AND (a>=p && a==q)
|| OR (a>=p || a==20)
! NOT (!(a>=p) && a!=q)
Arithmetic Expression
A=3, B=5, c
c=++A+B++

c=++A+A++

c=++A+B*7/2+3

c=(++A+B)*7/(2+3) What is the Value of C?

c=A-- + ++A-25/5 What are the Values of A and c?


Sample Program
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
int A=3, B=5, c;
c=++A+B++;
printf( "A = %d, c = %d\n", A, c );
c=++A+A++;
printf( "A = %d, c = %d\n", A, c );
c=++A+B*7/2+3;
printf( "A = %d, c = %d\n", A, c );
c=(++A+B)*7/(2+3);
printf( "A = %d, c = %d\n", A, c );
c=A-- + ++A-25/5;
printf( "A = %d, c = %d\n", A, c );
}
Operator and implicit type conversion(casting)

● Smaller Data types are implicitly converted to larger data types


when a mix of them used within a statement
int=short, long=int+short, long=int+long, long=char, int=char,
long double=double+float, double=float, double=int

● Data types of the bigger size can be converted to smaller size if


they are not over flowed by the value of the BIGGER data type
char=int (within the range of ascii value can be converted)
int=double (only the integer part is converted)
float=int (integers less than some value can be converted)

You might also like