Who Is (And Is Not) An Inventor?: Stanford University Office of Technology Licensing

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Summary

An inventor must have


conceived an essential Stanford University
element of the invention. Office of Technology Licensing

Authorship and inventorship


have different criteria and
are not equivalent.

Inventorship is determined
by a patent attorney.

Correct inventors must be


named on the patent. Who is
(and is not)
Number of Inventors by
School
an Inventor?
Medicine — 2,611

Engineering — 2,473

Humanities &
Sciences — 889

Dean of Research — 223


1705 El Camino Real

SLAC — 69 Palo Alto, CA 94306


http://otl.stanford.edu

Earth Sciences — 29
Phone: 650-723-0651
Fax: 650-725-7295 http://otl.stanford.edu

3/07
Who is an Inventor? A person who contributed an
Inventorship vs. Authorship
extraneous idea while the invention Inventorship should not be confused with
was being developed, but whose authorship on a scientific publication. The
idea did not contribute directly to the courts have specifically held that
Anyone can be an inventor! But not claimed invention is not considered authorship and inventorship have
everyone can be named on a patent an inventor. different criteria and are not
application. equivalent.
It does not matter how brilliant or helpful the idea
Patent law defines an inventor of is, if it is not directed to the invention as it is being
a patentable invention as someone claimed in the patent application, the person is Who Determines Inventorship?
who conceives of an original, not an inventor. Inventorship is determined by a patent
useful and non-obvious idea.
attorney or agent, who asks all parties to
Faculty and Students describe their personal contributions to the
Who is not an Inventor? claimed invention. Often, the attorney will
Questions of inventorship can arise when faculty examine notebook pages or other tangible
An inventor must have conceived (a and students work on a research project. Quite proof of inventorship.
mental act) an essential element of the often, an invention is co-invented by a faculty and
invention. a student because they are The correct inventors must be named on a
collaborating and “conceive of patent or the patent can be invalidated.
A person who actually made a physical an invention” together. Other Inventorship also confers rights to receive
embodiment of the invention, however, may times, the faculty alone, or the royalties under Stanford’s patent policy so
not be inventor, no matter how difficult the student alone, may be deemed there is an economic consequence to being
reduction to practice was. the inventor. named/not named as an inventor.

A person who contributed only Often, the faculty has thought of general concepts
labor and/or the supervision well before the student was ever involved in the
of routine techniques, but invention. If the student does not contribute
who did not contribute to the directly to the claimed invention, then the faculty
concept of one of the could be considered the sole inventor.
embodiments of the claimed invention is not
considered an inventor. In other situations, conceiving general concepts
does not necessarily convey inventor status. If the
A person is not an inventor if he/she makes student takes a general idea and conceives the
the invention work by following instructions essential elements necessary to make the
or does all the experiments with direction invention work, the student could be considered
from another person. the sole inventor.

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