Ray Optics 121

13. A ray of light is incidenting normally on a plane 21. If an observer is walking away from the plane
mirror. The angle of reflection will be mirror with 6m/ sec. Then the velocity of the
[MP PET 2000] image with respect to observer will be
[RPMT 1999]
(a) 0 (b) 90
(c) Will not be reflected (d) None of the above (a) 6m/ sec (b)  6m/ sec

14. When light wave suffers reflection at the interface (c) 12m/ sec (d) 3m/ sec
from air to glass, the change in phase of the 22. A man runs towards mirror at a speed of
reflected wave is equal to 15m/ s. What is the speed of his image
[CPMT 1991; J & KCET 2004] [CBSE PMT 2000]

 (a) 7.5 m/s (b) 15 m/s

(a) 0 (b)
2 (c) 30 m/s (d) 45 m/s

 23. A small object is placed 10 cm infront of a plane

(c) (d) 2
mirror. If you stand behind the object 30 cm from
15. A ray is reflected in turn by three plain mirrors the mirror and look at its image, the distance
mutually at right angles to each other. The angle focused for your eye will be
between the incident and the reflected rays is [KCET (Engg.) 2001]
[Roorkee 1995]
(a) 60 cm (b) 20 cm
(a) 90 (b) 60 (c) 40 cm (d) 80 cm
(c) 180 (d) None of these 24. An object is at a distance of 0.5 m in front of a
plane mirror. Distance between the object and
16. Two plane mirrors are at right angles to each other. image is [CPMT 2002]
A man stands between them and combs his hair (a) 0.5 m (b) 1 m
with his right hand. In how many of the images will
(c) 0.25 m (d) 1.5 m
he be seen using his right hand [MP PMT 1995;
UPSEAT 2001] 25. A man runs towards a mirror at a speed 15 m/s
The speed of the image relative to the man is
(a) None (b) 1 [Kerala PET 2002]
(c) 2 (d) 3 (a) 15 ms1 (b) 30 ms1
17. When a plane mirror is rotated through an angle
(c) 35 ms1 (d) 20 ms1
 then the reflected ray turns through the angle
26. The light reflected by a plane mirror may form a
2 then the size of the image
real image
(a) Is doubled (b) Is halved [KCET (Engg. & Med.) 2002]
(c) Remains the same (d) Becomes infinite (a) If the rays incident on the mirror are diverging
18. A plane mirror produces a magnification of (b) If the rays incident on the mirror are
[MP PET/PMT 1997] converging
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) If the object is placed very close to the mirror
(c) Zero (d) Between 0 and   (d) Under no circumstances
19. A plane mirror makes an angle of 30 with 27. Two plane mirrors are inclined at an angle of 720 .
horizontal. If a vertical ray strikes the mirror, find The number of images of a point object placed
the angle between mirror and reflected ray between them will be [KCET (Engg. & Med.)1999;
[RPET 1997]
BCECE 2003]
(a) 30 (b) 45 (a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 60 (d) 90 (c) 4 (d) 5
20. A watch shows time as 3 : 25 when seen through
28. To get three images of a single object, one should
a mirror, time appeared will be [RPMT 1997; have two plane mirrors at an angle of
JIPMER 2001, 02] [AIEEE 2003]
(a) 8 : 35 (b) 9 : 35 (a) 30° (b) 60°
(c) 7 : 35 (d) 8 : 25 (c) 90° (d) 150°
 122 Ray Optics

29. A man of length h requires a mirror, to see his own 2. A diminished virtual image can be formed only in
complete image of length at least equal to [MP PMT 2002]
[MP PET 2003]
(a) Plane mirror (b) A concave mirror
h h (c) A convex mirror (d) Concave-parabolic
(a) (b)
4 3 mirror
3. Which of the following could not produce a virtual
h
(c) (d) h image
2
(a) Plane mirror
30. Two plane mirrors are at 45 to each other. If an (b) Convex mirror
object is placed between them, then the number
(c) Concave mirror
of images will be
(d) All the above can produce a virtual image
[MP PMT 2003]
(a) 5 (b) 9
4. An object 5cm tall is placed 1m from a
concave spherical mirror which has a radius of
(c) 7 (d) 8
curvature of 20cm The size of the image is
31. A man having height 6 m. He observes image of 2 [MP PET 1993]
m height erect, then mirror used is
[BCECE 2004]
(a) 0.11cm (b) 0.50cm
(a) Concave (b) Convex (c) 0.55cm (d) 0.60cm
(c) Plane (d) None of these 5. The focal length of a concave mirror is 50cm.
32. A light beam is being reflected by using two Where an object be placed so that its image is two
mirrors, as in a periscope used in submarines. If times and inverted
one of the mirrors rotates by an angle , the (a) 75 cm (b) 72 cm
reflected light will deviate from its original path by (c) 63 cm (d) 50 cm
the angle [UPSEAT 2004]
6. An object of size 7.5cm is placed in front of a
(a) 2 (b) 0o
convex mirror of radius of curvature 25cm at a
(c)  (d) 4 distance of 40cm. The size of the image should
33. Focal length of a plane mirror is be
[RPMT 2000]
(a) 2.3cm (b) 1.78cm
(a) Zero (b) Infinite
(c) Very less (d) Indefinite
(c) 1cm (d) 0.8cm
34. A ray of light is incident at 50° on the middle of 7. The field of view is maximum for
one of the two mirrors arranged at an angle of 60° (a) Plane mirror (b) Concave mirror
between them. The ray then touches the second (c) Convex mirror (d) Cylindrical mirror
mirror, get reflected back to the first mirror,
8. The focal length of a concave mirror is f and the
making an angle of incidence of [MP PET 2005]
distance from the object to the principle focus is x.
(a) 50° (b) 60° The ratio of the size of the image to the size of the
(c) 70° (d) 80° object is

Spherical Mirror [Kerala PET 2005]

1. A convex mirror of focal length f forms an image fx f

(a) (b)
f x
1
which is times the object. The distance of the
n f f2
(c) (d)
object from the mirror is x x2
 n  1 9. Image formed by a convex mirror is [MP PET 1993]
(a) (n  1)f (b)  f
 n  (a) Virtual (b) Real
(c) Enlarged (d) Inverted
 n  1
(c)  f (d) (n  1)f
 n 
 Ray Optics 123
10. In a concave mirror experiment, an object is (a) An object situated at the principle focus of a
concave lens will have its image formed at
placed at a distance x1 from the focus and the
infinity
image is formed at a distance x2 from the focus. (b) Concave mirror can give diminished virtual
The focal length of the mirror would be image
[MP PET 1997] (c) Given a point source of light, a convex mirror
can produce a parallel beam of light
(a) x1 x2 (b) x1 x2
(d) The virtual image formed in a plane mirror can
x1  x2 x1 be photographed
(c) (d) m,
2 x2 17. The relation between the linear magnification
the object distance u and the focal length f is
11. A convex mirror is used to form the image of an
object. Then which of the following statements is f u f
(a) m  (b) m 
wrong f f u
[CPMT 1973] f u f
(c) m  (d) m 
(a) The image lies between the pole and the focus f fu
(b) The image is diminished in size 18. While using an electric bulb, the reflection for
(c) The image is erect street lighting should be from
(d) The image is real (a) Concave mirror (b) Convex mirror

12. Given a point source of light, which of the (c) Cylindrical mirror (d) Parabolic mirror
following can produce a parallel beam of light 19. A concave mirror is used to focus the image of a
[CPMT 1974; KCET 2005] flower on a nearby well 120cm from the flower.
(a) Convex mirror If a lateral magnification of 16 is desired, the
(b) Concave mirror distance of the flower from the mirror should be
[MP PET 1986]
(c) Concave lens
(a) 8cm (b) 12cm
(d) Two plane mirrors inclined at an angle of 90
(c) 80cm (d) 120cm
13. The image formed by a convex mirror of focal
20. A virtual image larger than the object can be
length 30cm is a quarter of the size of the obtained by
object. The distance of the object from the mirror [MP PMT 1986]
is
(a) Concave mirror (b) Convex mirror
(a) 30cm (b) 90cm (c) Plane mirror (d) Concave lens
(c) 120cm (d) 60cm 21. An object is placed 40cm from a concave mirror
14. A boy stands straight infront of a mirror at a of focal length 20cm. The image formed is
distance of 30cm away from it. He sees his erect [MP PET 1986; MP PMT/PET 1998]

1 (a) Real, inverted and same in size

image whose height is thof his real height. The
5 (b) Real, inverted and smaller
mirror he is using is (c) Virtual, erect and larger
[MP PMT 1993] (d) Virtual, erect and smaller
(a) Plane mirror (b) Convex mirror 22. A virtual image three times the size of the object is
(c) Concave mirror (d) Plano-convex mirror obtained with a concave mirror of radius of
15. A person sees his virtual image by holding a mirror curvature 36cm. The distance of the object from
very close to the face. When he moves the mirror the mirror is [MP PET 1986]
away from his face, the image becomes inverted.
What type of mirror he is using (a) 5cm (b) 12cm
(a) Plane mirror (b) Convex mirror (c) 10cm (d) 20cm
(c) Concave mirror (d) None of these
23. Radius of curvature of concave mirror is 40cm
16. Which one of the following statements is true
and the size of image is twice as that of object,
then the object distance is
 124 Ray Optics

[AFMC 1995] (Position of the object) (Magnification)

(a) 60cm (b) 20cm (I) An object is placed at (A) Magnification is
focus before a convex  
(c) 40cm (d) 30cm mirror
(II) An object is placed (B) Magnification is
24. All of the following statements are correct except at centre of curvature 0.5
[Manipal MEE 1995] before a concave
mirror
(a) The magnification produced by a convex
(III) An object is placed (C) Magnification is
mirror is always less than one
at focus before a 1
(b) A virtual, erect, same-sized image can be concave mirror
obtained using a plane mirror (IV) An object is placed (D) Magnification is –
(c) A virtual, erect, magnified image can be at centre of curvature 1
formed using a concave mirror before a convex mirror

(d) A real, inverted, same-sized image can be (E) Magnification is

formed using a convex mirror 0.33
Codes :
25. If an object is placed 10cm infront of a concave
mirror of focal length 20cm, the image will be (a) I-B, II-D, III-A, IV-E (b) I-A, II-D, III-C, IV-B
[MP PMT 1995] (c) I-C, II-B, III-A, IV-E (d) I-B, II-E, III-D, IV-C
(a) Diminished, upright, virtual 30. A concave mirror gives an image three times as
(b) Enlarged, upright, virtual large as the object placed at a distance of 20cm
from it. For the image to be real, the focal length
(c) Diminished, inverted, real
should be
(d) Enlarged, upright, real
[SCRA 1998; JIPMER 2000]
26. Which of the following form(s) a virtual and erect
image for all positions of the object (a) 10cm (b) 15cm
[IIT-JEE 1996]
(c) 20cm (d) 30cm
(a) Convex lens (b) Concave lens
31. The minimum distance between the object and its
(c) Convex mirror (d) Concave mirror real image for concave mirror is
[RPMT 1999]
27. A convex mirror has a focal length f. A real (a) f (b) 2f
object is placed at a distance f in front of it from (c) 4f (d) Zero
the pole produces an image at 32. An object is placed at 20cm from a convex
[AFMC 2005] mirror of focal length 10cm. The image formed
(a) Infinity (b) f by the mirror is
[JIPMER 1999]
(c) f / 2 (d) 2f
(a) Real and at 20cm from the mirror
28. An object 1cm tall is placed 4cm infront of a
(b) Virtual and at 20cm from the mirror
mirror. In order to produce an upright image of
3cm height one needs a (c) Virtual and at 20/ 3 cm from the mirror
[SCRA 1994]
(d) Real and at 20/ 3 cm from the mirror
(a) Convex mirror of radius of curvature 12cm 33. A point object is placed at a distance of 10cm
(b) Concave mirror of radius of curvature 12cm and its real image is formed at a distance of
20cm from a concave mirror. If the object is
(c) Concave mirror of radius of curvature 4cm
moved by 0.1cm towards the mirror, the image
(d) Plane mirror of height 12cm will shift by about [MP PMT 2000]
29. Match List I with List II and select the correct
answer using the codes given below the lists : (a) 0.4cm away from the mirror
[SCRA 1998]
(b) 0.4cmtowards the mirror
List I List II
 Ray Optics 125
(c) 0.8cm away from the mirror (a) 20 mm (b) 10 mm
(c) 6 mm (d) 1 mm
(d) 0.8cm towards the mirror
43. Image formed by a concave mirror of focal length
34. Under which of the following conditions will a 6 cm, is 3 times of the object, then the distance of
convex mirror of focal length f produce an image object from mirror is
that is erect, diminished and virtual
[RPMT 2000]
[AMU (Engg.) 2001]
(a) – 4 cm (b) 8 cm
(a) Only when 2f > u > f (b) Only when u = f
(c) 6 cm (d) 12 cm
(c) Only when u < f (d) Always
44. A concave mirror of focal length f (in air) is
35. The focal length of a convex mirror is 20 cm its
radius of curvature will be immersed in water (   4 / 3 ). The focal length of
[MP PMT 2001] the mirror in water will be
[MNR 1998]
(a) 10 cm (b) 20 cm
4
(c) 30 cm (d) 40 cm (a) f (b) f
3
36. A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm forms an
image having twice the linear dimensions of the 3 7
(c) f (d) f
object. The position of the object when the image 4 3
is virtual will be
(a) 22.5 cm (b) 7.5 cm Refraction of Light at Plane Surfaces
(c) 30 cm (d) 45 cm
37. A point object is placed at a distance of 30 cm 1. To an observer on the earth the stars appear to
from a convex mirror of focal length 30cm. The twinkle. This can be ascribed to
image will form at [CPMT 1972, 74; AFMC 1995]
[JIPMER 2002] (a) The fact that stars do not emit light
(a) Infinity continuously
(b) Focus (b) Frequent absorption of star light by their own
(c) Pole atmosphere
(d) 15 cm behind the mirror (c) Frequent absorption of star light by the earth's
38. An object 2.5 cm high is placed at a distance of 10 atmosphere
cm from a concave mirror of radius of curvature (d) The refractive index fluctuations in the earth's
30 cm The size of the image is atmosphere
[BVP 2003]
2. The ratio of the refractive index of red light to blue
(a) 9.2 cm (b) 10.5 cm
light in air is [CPMT 1978]
(c) 5.6 cm (d) 7.5 cm
(a) Less than unity
39. For a real object, which of the following can
produced a real image [Orissa JEE 2003] (b) Equal to unity

(a) Plane mirror (b) Concave lens (c) Greater than unity
(d) Less as well as greater than unity depending
(c) Convex mirror (d) Concave mirror
upon the experimental arrangement
40. An object of length 6 cm is placed on the principle 3. The refractive index of a piece of transparent
axis of a concave mirror of focal length f at a
quartz is the greatest for [MP PET 1985, 94]
distance of 4f. The length of the image will be
[MP PET 2003] (a) Red light (b) Violet light
(a) 2 cm (b) 12 cm (c) Green light (d) Yellow light
(c) 4 cm (d) 1.2 cm 4. The refractive index of a certain glass is 1.5 for
light whose wavelength in vacuum is 6000 Å. The
41. Convergence of concave mirror can be decreased
by dipping in [AFMC 2003] wavelength of this light when it passes through
glass is
(a) Water (b) Oil
[NCERT 1979; CBSE PMT 1993;
(c) Both (d) None of these
MP PET 1985, 89]
42. What will be the height of image when an object of
2 mm is placed on the axis of a convex mirror at a (a) 4000 Å (b) 6000 Å
distance 20 cm of radius of curvature 40 cm (c) 9000 Å (d) 15000 Å
[Orissa PMT 2004]
 126 Ray Optics

5. When light travels from one medium to the other 12. The index of refraction of diamond is 2.0, velocity
of which the refractive index is different, then of light in diamond in cm/second is approximately
which of the following will change
[CPMT 1975; MNR 1987; UPSEAT 2000]
[MP PMT 1986; AMU 2001; BVP 2003]
(a) 6 1010 (b) 3.0  1010
(a) Frequency, wavelength and velocity
(b) Frequency and wavelength (c) 2 1010 (d) 1.5  1010
(c) Frequency and velocity
13. A beam of light propagating in medium A with
(d) Wavelength and velocity index of refraction n (A) passes across an interface
6. A light wave has a frequency of 4 1014 Hz and a into medium B with index of refraction n(B). The
wavelength of 5  107 meters in a medium. The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of
refraction; v(A) and v(B) denotes the speed of light
refractive index of the medium is
[MP PMT 1989] in A and B. Then which of the following is true

(a) 1.5 (b) 1.33 (a) v(A) > v(B) and n(A) > n(B)
(c) 1.0 (d) 0.66 (b) v(A) > v(B) and n(A) < n(B)
7. How much water should be filled in a container 21 (c) v(A) < v(B) and n(A) > n(B)
cm in height, so that it appears half filled when
(d) v(A) < v(B) and n(A) < n(B)
viewed from the top of the container (given that
14. A rectangular tank of depth 8 meter is full of water
a   4/3)
(   4 / 3 ), the bottom is seen at the depth [MP
[MP PMT 1989] PMT 1987]
(a) 8.0 cm (b) 10.5 cm (a) 6 m (b) 8/3 m
(c) 12.0 cm (d) None of the above (c) 8 cm (d) 10 cm
15. A vessel of depth 2d cm is half filled with a liquid
8. Light of different colours propagates through air
of refractive index 1 and the upper half with a
(a) With the velocity of air
liquid of refractive index  2 . The apparent depth
(b) With different velocities of the vessel seen perpendicularly is
[SCRA 1994]
(c) With the velocity of sound
    1 1 
(d) Having the equal velocities (a) d  1 2  (b) d   

9. Monochromatic light is refracted from air into the  1   2   1  2 
glass of refractive index  . The ratio of the  1 1   1 
(c) 2d   
 (d) 2d  

wavelength of incident and refracted waves is
 1  2   1 2 
[JIPMER 2000; MP PMT 1996, 2003] 16. A beam of light is converging towards a point I
(a) 1 :  (b) 1 :  2 on a screen. A plane glass plate whose thickness
in the direction of the beam = t , refractive index
(c)  :1 (d) 1 : 1
=  , is introduced in the path of the beam. The
10. A monochromatic beam of light passes from a convergence point is shifted by
denser medium into a rarer medium. As a result [MNR 1987]
[CPMT 1972]
 1  1
(a) Its velocity increases (b) Its velocity decreases (a) t 
 1    away (b) t  1   away
   
(c) Its frequency decreases (d) Its wavelength
decreases  1  1
(c) t 
 1    nearer (d) t  1   nearer
    
11. Refractive index for a material for infrared light is
[CPMT 1984] 17. Light travels through a glass plate of thickness t
and having refractive index n. If c is the velocity
(a) Equal to that of ultraviolet light of light in vacuum, the time taken by the light to
(b) Less than for ultraviolet light travel this thickness of glass is
(c) Equal to that for red colour of light [NCERT 1976; MP PET 1994; CBSE PMT 1996;
KCET 1994; MP PMT 1999, 2001]
(d) Greater than that for ultraviolet light
 Ray Optics 127
t (a) 3 1 (b) 3 2
(a) (b) tnc
nc
1
nt tc (c) (d) 4 2
(c) (d) 1 4
c n
18. When a light wave goes from air into water, the 24. The wavelength of light diminishes  times (
quality that remains unchanged is its   1.33 for water) in a medium. A diver from
[AMU 1995; MNR 1985, 95; KCET 1993; CPMT inside water looks at an object whose natural
1990, 97; MP PET 1991, 2000, 02; UPSEAT 1999, colour is green. He sees the object as
2000;
AFMC 1993, 98, 2003; RPET 1996, 2000, 03; [CPMT 1990; MNR 1998]
RPMT 1999, 2000; DCE 2001; BHU 2001] (a) Green (b) Blue
(a) Speed (b) Amplitude (c) Yellow (d) Red
(c) Frequency (d) Wavelength
25. Ray optics fails when
19. Light takes 8 min 20 sec to reach from sun on the
earth. If the whole atmosphere is filled with water, (a) The size of the obstacle is 5 cm
the light will take the time ( a w  4 / 3 ) (b) The size of the obstacle is 3 cm
(a) 8 min 20 sec (b) 8 min (c) The size of the obstacle is less than the
(c) 6 min 11 sec (d) 11 min 6 sec wavelength of light
20. The length of the optical path of two media in (d) (a) and (b) both
contact of length d1 and d2 of refractive indices 26. When light travels from air to water and from
1 and  2 respectively, is water to glass, again from glass to CO2 gas and
finally through air. The relation between their
(a) 1d1   2d2 (b) 1d2   2d1
refractive indices will be given by
d1d2 d1  d2
(c) (d) (a) a nw  wngl  glngas gasna 1
1 2 1 2
(b) a nw  wngl  gasngl  glna 1
21. Immiscible transparent liquids A, B, C, D and E are
placed in a rectangular container of glass with the (c) a nw  wngl  glngas  1
liquids making layers according to their densities.
The refractive index of the liquids are shown in the (d) There is no such relation
adjoining diagram. The container is illuminated 27. For a colour of light the wavelength for air is 6000
from the side and a small piece of glass having Å and in water the wavelength is 4500 Å. Then the
refractive index 1.61 is gently dropped into the speed of light in water will be
liquid layer. The glass piece as it descends
downwards will not be visible in (a) 5.  1014 m/ s (b) 2.25 108 m/s
[CPMT 1986]
(c) 4.0  108 m/s (d) Zero
(a) Liquid A and B only A 1.51
B 1.53 28. A ray of light travelling inside a rectangular glass
(b) Liquid C only
C 1.61 block of refractive index
(c) Liquid D and E only 2 is incident on the
D 1.52
glass–air surface at an angle of incidence of 45°.
(d) Liquid A, B, D and E E 1.65
The refractive index of air is 1. Under these
22. The refractive indices of glass and water w.r.t. air conditions the ray [CPMT 1972]
are 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. The refractive index
of glass w.r.t. water will be (a) Will emerge into the air without any deviation

[MNR 1990; JIPMER 1997, 2000; MP PET 2000] (b) Will be reflected back into the glass
(a) 8/9 (b) 9/8 (c) Will be absorbed
(c) 7/6 (d) None of these
(d) Will emerge into the air with an angle of
23. If i  j represents refractive index when a light ray refraction equal to 90°
goes from medium i to medium j, then the product
29. If 0 and 0 are respectively, the electric
2 1  3 2  4  3 is equal to
permittivity and the magnetic permeability of free
[CBSE PMT 1990]
 128 Ray Optics

space,  and  the corresponding quantities in AB

(d)
a medium, the refractive index of the medium is CD
[IIT-JEE 1982; MP PET 1995; CBSE PMT 34. When light enters from air to water, then its
1997]
[MP PMT 1994; MP PET 1996]

  (a) Frequency increases and speed decreases

(a) (b)
0 0 0 0 (b) Frequency is same but the wavelength is
smaller in water than in air

0 0 0 (c) Frequency is same but the wavelength in

(c) (d) water is greater than in air
  0
(d) Frequency decreases and wavelength is
30. A beam of monochromatic blue light of smaller in water than in air
wavelength 4200Å in air travels in water ( 35. On a glass plate a light wave is incident at an
  4 / 3 ). Its wavelength in water will be angle of 60°. If the reflected and the refracted
[MNR 1991; UPSEAT 2000] waves are mutually perpendicular, the refractive
index of material is
(a) 2800 Å (b) 5600 Å
[MP PMT 1994; Haryana CEE 1996;
(c) 3150 Å (d) 4000 Å
KCET 1994; 2000]
31. If 0 be the relative permeability and K 0 the
3
(a) (b) 3
dielectric constant of a medium, its refractive 2
index is given by
3 1
[MNR 1995] (c) (d)
2 3
1 1
(a) (b) 3
 0K 0  0K 0 36. Refractive index of glass is and refractive
2
(c)  0K 0 (d)  0 K 0 4
index of water is . If the speed of light in glass
3
32. If the speed of light in vacuum is C m / sec,
then the velocity of light in a medium of refractive is 2.00 108 m/s, the speed in water will be
index 1.5 [MP PMT 1994; RPMT 1997]

[NCERT 1977; MP PMT 1984; CPMT 2002] (a) 2.67 108 m/s (b) 2.25 108 m/s

(a) Is 1.5  C (b) Is C (c) 1.78 108 m/s (d) 1.50 108 m/s

C 37. Monochromatic light of frequency 5 1014 Hz

(c) Is (d) Can have any
1.5 travelling in vacuum enters a medium of refractive
velocity index 1.5. Its wavelength in the medium is
[MP PET/ PMT 1995; Pb. PET 2003]
33. In the adjoining diagram, a wavefront AB, moving
in air is incident on a plane glass surface XY. Its (a) 4000 Å (b) 5000 Å
position CD after refraction through a glass slab is
(c) 6000 Å (d) 5500 Å
shown also along with the normals drawn at A and
D. The refractive index of glass with respect to air 38. Light of wavelength is 7200 Å in air. It has a
(   1 ) will be equal to wavelength in glass (   1.5 ) equal to
[DCE 1999]
[CPMT 1988; DPMT 1999]
(a) 7200 Å (b) 4800 Å
sin (c) 10800 Å (d) 7201.5 Å
(a)
sin ' B 39. Which of the following is not a correct statement
[MP PET 1997]
sin
(b) (a) The wavelength of red light is greater than the
sin ' X   D
wavelength of green light
  Y
A
sin ' (b) The wavelength of blue light is smaller than
(c) C the wavelength of orange light
sin
 Ray Optics 129
(c) The frequency of green light is greater than (c) Does not change
the frequency of blue light
(d) Increases
(d) The frequency of violet light is greater than the
frequency of blue light 47. If î denotes a unit vector along incident light
40. Which of the following is a correct relation [MP PET ray, r̂ a unit vector along refracted ray into a
1997]
medium of refractive index  and n̂ unit vector
(a) a r  a  w  r  (b) a r  r  w  w a normal to boundary of medium directed towards
incident medium, then law of refraction is
(c) a r  r a  0 (d) a r / wr  aw
[EAMCET (Engg.) 1995]
41. The time taken by sunlight to cross a 5 mm thick
glass plate (  3 / 2 ) is [MP PMT/PET 1998; BHU (a) ˆ ˆ   (r
i .n ˆ.n
ˆ) (b) ˆ ˆ   (n
i n ˆ r
ˆ)
2005]
(c) ˆ ˆ   (r
i n ˆ n
ˆ) (d)  (ˆ ˆ)  r
i n ˆ n
ˆ
(a) 0.25  10–10 s (b) 0.167 107 s 48. The bottom of a container filled with liquid appear
(c) 2.5  1010 s (d) 1.0  1010 s slightly raised because of [RPMT 1997]

42. The distance travelled by light in glass (refractive (a) Refraction (b) Interference
index =1.5) in a nanosecond will be (c) Diffraction (d) Reflection
[MP PET 1999]
(a) 45 cm (b) 40 cm 49. The speed of light in air is 3  108 m/ s . What will
(c) 30 cm (d) 20 cm be its speed in diamond whose refractive index is
2.4
43. When light is refracted from air into glass
[KCET 1993]
[IIT 1980; CBSE PMT 1992; MP PET 1999;
MP PMT 1999; RPMT 1997, 2000, 03; MH CET 2004] (a) 3 108 m/ s (b) 332 m/ s
(a) Its wavelength and frequency both increase
(b) Its wavelength increases but frequency (c) 1.25 108 m/s (d) 7.2  108 m/ s
remains unchanged
50. Time taken by the sunlight to pass through a
(c) Its wavelength decreases but frequency window of thickness 4 mm whose refractive index
remains unchanged
is 1.5 is
(d) Its wavelength and frequency both decrease
[CBSE PMT 1993]
44. A mark at the bottom of a liquid appears to rise by
(a) 2 108 sec (b) 2 108 sec
0.1 m. The depth of the liquid is 1 m. The
refractive index of the liquid is (c) 2 1011 sec (d) 2 1011 sec
[CPMT 1999]
51. Ray optics is valid, when characteristic
9 dimensions are
(a) 1.33 (b)
10 [CBSE PMT 1994; CPMT 2001]

10 (a) Of the same order as the wavelength of light

(c) (b) 1.5
9 (b) Much smaller than the wavelength of light
45. A man standing in a swimming pool looks at a (c) Of the order of one millimetre
stone lying at the bottom. The depth of the (d) Much larger than the wavelength of light
swimming pool is h. At what distance from the
52. The refractive index of water is 1.33. What will be
surface of water is the image of the stone formed
the speed of light in water [CBSE PMT 1996; KCET
(Line of vision is normal; Refractive index of water 1998]
is n)
[KCET 1994] (a) 3 108 m/ s (b) 2.25 108 m/ s

(a) h / n (b) n / h (c) 4 108 m/ s (d) 1.33 108 m/s

(c) h (d) hn
53. The time required to pass the light through a glass
46. On heating a liquid, the refractive index generally
slab of 2 mm thick is (  glass  1.5 ) [AFMC 1997;
[KCET 1994]
MH CET 2002, 04]
(a) Decreases
(a) 105 s (b) 1011 s
(b) Increases or decreases depending on the rate
of heating (c) 109 s (d) 1013 s
 130 Ray Optics

54. The refractive index of water with respect to air is in passing through them, then refractive index of
4 / 3 and the refractive index of glass with respect B with respect to A will be
to air is 3/2. The refractive index of water with
[UPSEAT 1999]
respect to glass is
(a) 1.4 (b) 1.5
[BHU 1997; JIPMER 2000]

9 8 (c) 1.75 (d) 1.33

(a) (b)
8 9 61. The refractive index of water and glass with
respect to air is 1.3 and 1.5 respectively. Then the
1 refractive index of glass with respect to water is
(c) (d) 2
2 [MH CET (Med.) 1999]

55. Electromagnetic radiation of frequency n, 2.6 1.5

wavelength  , travelling with velocity v in air, (a) (b)
1.5 2.6
enters a glass slab of refractive index  . The
frequency, wavelength and velocity of light in the 1.3 1.5
glass slab will be respectively (c) (d)
1.5 1.3
[CBSE PMT 1997]
62. A tank is filled with benzene to a height of 120
n v  v mm. The apparent depth of a needle lying at a
(a) , , (b) n, ,
     bottom of the tank is measured by a microscope to
be 80 mm. The refractive index of benzene is
v n 
(c) n ,  , (d) , ,v [Pb. PMT 1999]
  
(a) 1.5 (b) 2.5
56. What is the time taken (in seconds) to cross a
(c) 3.5 (d) 4.5
glass of thickness 4 mm and  = 3 by light [BHU
1998; 63. Each quarter of a vessel of depth H is filled with
Pb. PMT 1999, 2001; MH CET 2000; MP PET 2001]
liquids of the refractive indices n1, n2, n3 and n4
from the bottom respectively. The apparent depth
(a) 4  1011 (b) 2 1011 of the vessel when looked normally is
[AMU (Engg.) 2000]
(c) 16 1011 (d) 8  1010
H (n1  n2  n3  n4 )
57. A plane glass slab is kept over various coloured (a) (b)
letters, the letter which appears least raised is 4
[J & K CET 2004; BHU 1998, 05] 1 1 1 1
(a) Blue (b) Violet H     
 n1 n2 n3 n4 
(c) Green (d) Red 4
58. A ray of light is incident on the surface of
separation of a medium at an angle 45° and is (n1  n2  n3  n4 )
(c) (d)
refracted in the medium at an angle 30°. What will 4H
be the velocity of light in the medium [AFMC 1998;
MH CET (Med.) 1999] 1 1 1 1
H     
 n1 n2 n3 n4 
(a) 1.96 10 m/s 8 (b) 2.12 10 8 m/ s
(c) 3.18 108 m/ s (d) 3.33 188 m/ s 2
59. Absolute refractive indices of glass and water are 64. A ray of light passes through four transparent
3 4 media with refractive indices  1. 2  3 , and 4
and . The ratio of velocity of light in glass
2 3 as shown in the figure. The surfaces of all media
and water will be are parallel. If the emergent ray CD is parallel to
[UPSEAT 1999] the incident ray AB, we must have
(a) 4 : 3 (b) 8 : 7 [IIT-JEE (Screening) 2001]
(c) 8 : 9 (d) 3 : 4 (a) 1   2
60. The ratio of thickness of plates of two transparent D
mediums A and B is 6 : 4. If light takes equal time (b)  2   3 1 2 3 4

B C

A
 Ray Optics 131

(c)  3   4 (c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm

71. Velocity of light in glass whose refractive index
(d)  4  1 with respect to air is 1.5 is 2  108 m/s and in
certain liquid the velocity of light found to be 2.5 
65. The reason of seeing the Sun a little before the
108 m/s. The refractive index of the liquid with
sunrise is
respect to air is [CPMT 1978; MP PET/PMT 1988]
[MP PMT 2001; Orissa JEE 2003]
(a) 0.64 (b) 0.80
(a) Reflection of the light (b) Refraction of the (c) 1.20 (d) 1.44
light
72. Stars are twinkling due to
(c) Scattering of the light (d) Dispersion of the [CPMT 1997]
light (a) Diffraction (b) Reflection
66. An under water swimmer is at a depth of 12 m (c) Refraction (d) Scattering
below the surface of water. A bird is at a height of
73. A thin oil layer floats on water. A ray of light
18 m from the surface of water, directly above his
making an angle of incidence of 40° shines on oil
eyes. For the swimmer the bird appears to be at a
layer. The angle of refraction of light ray in water
distance from the surface of water equal to
(Refractive Index of water is 4/3) is (  oil  1.45, water  1.33 )

[KCET (Engg.) 2001] [MP PMT 1993]

(a) 24 m (b) 12 m (a) 36 .1° (b) 44.5°

(c) 26. 8° (d) 28.9°
(c) 18 m (d) 9 m
74. An object is immersed in a fluid. In order that the
67. The optical path of a monochromatic light is same
object becomes invisible, it should
if it goes through 4.0 cm of glass or 4.5 cm of [AIIMS 2004]
water. If the refractive index of glass is 1.53, the
(a) Behave as a perfect reflector
refractive index of the water is
(b) Absorb all light falling on it
[UPSEAT 2002]
(c) Have refractive index one
(a) 1.30 (b) 1.36
(d) Have refractive index exactly matching with
(c) 1.42 (d) 1.46 that of the surrounding fluid
68. Which of the following statement is true [Orissa JEE 75. When light travels from glass to air, the incident
2002]
angle is  1 and the refracted angle is  2 . The
(a) Velocity of light is constant in all media true relation is
(b) Velocity of light in vacuum is maximum [Orissa PMT 2004]
(c) Velocity of light is same in all reference frames (a)  1   2 (b)  1   2
(d) Laws of nature have identical form in all
(c)  1   2 (d) Not predictable
reference frames
69. A ray of light is incident on a transparent glass 76. Velocity of light in a medium is 1.5  108 m / s.
slab of refractive index 1.62. The reflected and Its refractive index will be
the refracted rays are mutually perpendicular. The [Pb. PET 2000]
angle of incidence is (a) 8 (b) 6
[MP PET 2002] (c) 4 (d) 2
o o
(a) 58.3 (b) 50 77. The frequency of a light ray is 6  1014 Hz. Its
(c) 35o (d) 30o frequency when it propagates in a medium of
70. A microscope is focussed on a coin lying at the refractive index 1.5, will be
bottom of a beaker. The microscope is now raised [MP PMT 2000; DPMT 2003; Pb PMT 2003; MH CET 2004]
up by 1 cm. To what depth should the water be
poured into the beaker so that coin is again in (a) 1.67 1014 Hz (b) 9.10 1014 Hz
4
focus ? (Refractive index of water is ) (c) 6  1014 Hz (d) 4  1014 Hz
3
[BHU 2003] 78. The refractive indices of water and glass with
respect to air are 1.2 and 1.5 respectively. The
4 refractive index of glass with respect to water is
(a) 1 cm (b) cm
3 [Pb. PET 2002]
 132 Ray Optics

(a) 0.6 (b) 0.8 

(a) n (b)
(c) 1.25 (d) 1.75 n
79. The wavelength of sodium light in air is 5890 Å. 
(c) (d) n2
The velocity of light in air is 3  108 ms1. The
n2
wavelength of light in a glass of refractive index 87. In vacuum the speed of light depends upon [MP
1.6 would be close to PMT 2001]
[DCE 2003] (a) Frequency
(a) 5890 Å (b) 3681 Å (b) Wave length
(c) 9424 Å (d) 15078 Å (c) Velocity of the source of light
80. The mean distance of sun from the earth is (d) None of these
1.5  108 Km (nearly). The time taken by the 88. A transparent cube of 15 cm edge contains a small
light to reach earth from the sun is air bubble. Its apparent depth when viewed
[Pb. PET 2003] through one face is 6 cm and when viewed
through the opposite face is 4 cm. Then the
(a) 0.12 min (b) 8.33 min refractive index of the material of the cube is
(c) 12.5 min (d) 6.25 min [CPMT 2004; MP PMT 2005]
81. Refractive index of air is 1.0003. The correct (a) 2.0 (b) 2.5
thickness of air column which will have one more
(c) 1.6 (d) 1.5
wavelength of yellow light (6000 Å) than in the
same thickness in vacuum is 89. A glass slab of thickness 3 cm and refractive index
3/2 is placed on ink mark on a piece of paper. For
[RPMT 1995]
a person looking at the mark at a distance 5.0 cm
(a) 2 mm (b) 2 cm above it, the distance of the mark will appear to
(c) 2 m (d) 2 km be [Kerala PMT 2005]

82. The wavelength of light in air and some other (a) 3.0 cm (b) 4.0 cm
medium are respectively  a and  m . The (c) 4.5 cm (d) 5.0 cm
refractive index of medium is 90. A fish at a depth of 12 cm in water is viewed by an
[RPMT 2003] observer on the bank of a lake. To what height the
image of the fish is raised.
(a)  a /  m (b)  m /  a [MP PET 2005]
(a) 9 cm (b) 12 cm
(c)  a   m (d) None of these
(c) 3.8 cm (d) 3 cm
83. An astronaut in a spaceship see the outer space as

[CPMT 1990, MP PMT 1991; JIPMER 1997] Total Internal Reflection

(a) White (b) Black
1. A cut diamond sparkles because of its
(c) Blue (d) Red
[NCERT 1974; RPET 1996; AFMC 2005]
84. Speed of light is maximum in
(a) Hardness
[CPMT 1990; MP PMT 1994; AFMC 1996]
(b) High refractive index
(a) Water (b) Air
(c) Glass (d) Diamond (c) Emission of light by the diamond
85. Which one of the following statements is correct (d) Absorption of light by the diamond
[KCET 1994] 2. A diver in a swimming pool wants to signal his
(a) In vacuum, the speed of light depends upon distress to a person lying on the edge of the pool
frequency by flashing his water proof flash light
(b) In vacuum, the speed of light does not depend [NCERT 1972]
upon frequency (a) He must direct the beam vertically upwards
(c) In vacuum, the speed of light is independent of (b) He has to direct the beam horizontally
frequency and wavelength
(c) He has to direct the beam at an angle to the
(d) In vacuum, the speed of light depends upon vertical which is slightly less than the critical
wavelength angle of incidence for total internal reflection
86. If the wavelength of light in vacuum be , the (d) He has to direct the beam at an angle to the
wavelength in a medium of refractive index n
vertical which is slightly more than the critical
will be
angle of incidence for the total internal
[UPSEAT 2001; MP PET 2001]
reflection
 Ray Optics 133
3. Finger prints on a piece of paper may be detected
by sprinkling fluorescent powder on the paper and
then looking it into [MP PET/PMT 1988]
(a) Mercury light (b) Sunlight
(c) Infrared light (d) Ultraviolet light
4. Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is
minimum for
[NCERT 1975; RPMT 1999; MP PMT 2002]
(a) Red (b) Green
(c) Yellow (d) Violet
5. The wavelength of light in two liquids ‘x' and ‘y' is
3500 Å and 7000 Å, then the critical angle of x
relative to y will be
(a) 60° (b) 45°
(c) 30° (d) 15°
6. A fish is a little away below the surface of a lake. If
the critical angle is 49°, then the fish could see
things above the water surface within an angular
range of  o where
[MP PMT 1986]
(a)   49 o Air

(b)   90o
Water

(c)   98o

1o
(d)   24
2
7. If the critical angle for total internal reflection from
a medium to vacuum is 30°, the velocity of light in
the medium is [CPMT 1972; MH CET
2000;
KCET 2000; BCECE 2003; RPMT 2003]
(a) 3 108 m/s (b) 1.5  108 m/s

(c) 6 108 m/s (d) 3  108 m/s

8. A ray of light is incident at an angle i from denser
to rare medium. The reflected and the refracted
rays are mutually perpendicular. The angle of
reflection and the angle of refraction are
respectively r and r’, then the critical angle will be
[IIT-JEE 1983; MP PET 1995;
CBSE PMT 1996; MP PMT 1985, 99; Pb. PET 2002]
(a) sin1(sinr)
i r
(b) sin1 (tanr' )

(c) sin1 (tani)

r1
(d) tan1(sini)