CBEX Elite 100-1200 Operation and Maintenance Manual

CBEX Elite
Packaged Boiler
100-1200 HP
Operation and Maintenance
Manual Part No. 750-368 10/2015

! WARNING
DANGER
DO NOT OPERATE, SERVICE, OR REPAIR THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS YOU FULLY UNDERSTAND ALL
APPLICABLE SECTIONS OF THIS MANUAL.
DO NOT ALLOW OTHERS TO OPERATE, SERVICE, OR REPAIR THIS EQUIPMENT UNLESS THEY FULLY
UNDERSTAND ALL APPLICABLE SECTIONS OF THIS MANUAL.
FAILURE TO FOLLOW ALL APPLICABLE WARNINGS AND INSTRUCTIONS MAY RESULT IN SEVERE
PERSONAL INJURY OR DEATH.
TO: Owners, Operators and/or Maintenance Personnel
This operating manual presents information that will help to properly operate and care for the equipment. Study its con-
tents carefully. The unit will provide good service and continued operation if proper operating and maintenance instruc-
tions are followed. No attempt should be made to operate the unit until the principles of operation and all of the
components are thoroughly understood. Failure to follow all applicable instructions and warnings may result in severe
personal injury or death.
It is the responsibility of the owner to train and advise not only his or her personnel, but the contractors' personnel who
are servicing, repairing or operating the equipment, in all safety aspects.
Cleaver-Brooks equipment is designed and engineered to give long life and excellent service on the job. The electrical
and mechanical devices supplied as part of the unit were chosen because of their known ability to perform; however,
proper operating techniques and maintenance procedures must be followed at all times. Although these components af-
ford a high degree of protection and safety, operation of equipment is not to be considered free from all dangers and
hazards inherent in handling and firing of fuel.
Any "automatic" features included in the design do not relieve the attendant of any responsibility. Such features merely
alleviate certain repetitive chores, allowing more time for proper upkeep of the equipment.
It is solely the operator’s responsibility to properly operate and maintain the equipment. No amount of written instructions
can replace intelligent thinking and reasoning and this manual is not intended to relieve the operating personnel of the
responsibility for proper operation. On the other hand, a thorough understanding of this manual is required before at-
tempting to operate, maintain, service, or repair this equipment.
Because of state, local, or other applicable codes, there are a variety of electric controls and safety devices which vary
considerably from one boiler to another. This manual contains information designed to show how a basic burner operates.
Operating controls will normally function for long periods of time and we have found that some operators become lax in
their daily or monthly testing, assuming that normal operation will continue indefinitely. Malfunctions of controls lead to
uneconomical operation and damage and, in most cases, these conditions can be traced directly to carelessness and
deficiencies in testing and maintenance.
It is recommended that a boiler room log or record be maintained. Recording of daily, weekly, monthly and yearly main-
tenance activities and recording of any unusual operation will serve as a valuable guide to any necessary investigation.
Most instances of major boiler damage are the result of operation with low water. We cannot emphasize too strongly the
need for the operator to periodically check the low water controls and to follow good maintenance and testing practices.
Cross-connecting piping to low water devices must be internally inspected periodically to guard against any stoppages
which could obstruct the free flow of water to the low water devices. Float bowls of these controls must be inspected
frequently to check for the presence of foreign substances that would impede float ball movement.
The waterside condition of the pressure vessel is of extreme importance. Waterside surfaces should be inspected fre-
quently to check for the presence of any mud, sludge, scale or corrosion.
It is essential to obtain the services of a qualified water treating company or a water consultant to recommend the proper
boiler water treating practices.
The operation of this equipment must comply with all requirements or regulations of the owner’s insurance company
and/or other authority having jurisdiction. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between such requirements and
the warnings or instructions contained herein, please contact Cleaver-Brooks before proceeding.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1 Basics 1-1

1.1 — Overview 1-1
1.2 — The Boiler 1-2
1.3 — Construction 1-3
1.4 — Steam Controls (all fuels) 1-3
1.5 — Hot Water Controls (all fuels) 1-6
1.6 — IFGR Components 1-7
1.7 — Fan/Motor Cassette 1-7
CHAPTER 2 Burner and Fuel System 2-1

2.1 — The Burner 2-1
2.2 — Front Head and Panel 2-2
2.3 — Gas System 2-3
2.4 — Oil System 2-5
2.5 — Controls for Combination Burners 2-6
2.6 — Combustion Air 2-6
2.7 — Automatic Ignition 2-7
2.8 — Atomizing Air 2-7
2.9 — Oil Fuel Flow 2-8
2.10 — Gas Fuel Flow 2-9
2.11 — Modulating Firing 2-9
2.12 — Ultra Low NOx Systems 2-10
CHAPTER 3 Waterside Care 3-1

3.2 — Water Requirements 3-1
3.3 — Water Treatment 3-5
3.4 — Cleaning 3-6
3.5 — Boil-Out of a New Unit 3-7
3.6 — Washing Out 3-9
3.7 — Blowdown: Steam Boiler 3-10
3.8 — Periodic Inspection 3-12
3.9 — Preparation for Extended Layup 3-13
CHAPTER 4 Sequence of Operation 4-1
4.2 — Circuits and Interlocks 4-2
4.3 — Firing Rate Controls 4-3
4.4 — Sequence of Operation: Gas or Oil 4-3
4.5 — Flame Loss Sequence 4-5
CHAPTER 5 Starting and Operating Instructions 5-1

5.1 — General Preparation for Startup: All Fuels 5-1
5.2 — Control Settings: Steam and Hot Water 5-2
5.3 — Gas Pilot 5-3
5.4 — Atomizing Air 5-3
5.5 — Firing Preparations for No. 2 Oil (Series 100-200) 5-4
5.6 — Firing Preparations for Gas (Series 200-700) 5-6
5.7 — Startup, Operating, and Shutdown: All Fuels 5-8
5.8 — Control Operational Checks 5-10
CHAPTER 6 Adjustment Procedures 6-1

6.2 — Burner Operating Controls: General 6-1
6.3 — Operating Limit Pressure Control 6-4
6.4 — High Limit Pressure Control 6-4
6.5 — Operating Limit Temperature Control: Hot Water 6-5
6.6 — High Limit Temperature Control: Hot Water 6-5
6.7 — Low Water Cutoff Devices: Steam and Hot Water 6-5
6.8 — Combustion Air Proving Switch 6-5
6.9 — Atomizing Air Proving Switch 6-6
6.10 — Gas Pilot Flame Adjustment 6-6
6.11 — Gas Pressure and Flow Information 6-8
6.12 — Adjusting Combustion 6-11
6.13 — Low Gas Pressure Switch 6-12
6.14 — High Gas Pressure Switch 6-12
6.15 — Burner Drawer Adjustment 6-13
6.16 — Oil Drawer Switch 6-13
CHAPTER 7 Troubleshooting 7-1

7.1 — Problem-Cause Suggestions 7-2
CHAPTER 8 Inspection and Maintenance 8-1
8.2 — Fireside Cleaning 8-3
8.3 — Water Level Controls 8-3
8.4 — Water Gauge Glass 8-5
8.5 — Electrical Controls 8-5
8.6 — Flame Safety Control 8-7
8.7 — Burner Maintenance - General 8-10
8.8 — Oil Burner Maintenance 8-12
8.9 — Gas Burner Maintenance 8-14
8.10 — Motorized Gas Valve 8-15
8.11 — Solenoid Valves 8-15
8.12 — Air Control Damper 8-15
8.13 — Fan/Motor Cassette Removal 8-16
8.14 — IFGR Inspection and Adjustment 8-17
8.15 — Fan/Motor Cassette Installation 8-18
8.16 — Safety Valves 8-19
8.17 — Fuel Oil Metering Valve 8-20
8.18 — Air Pump and Lubricating System 8-22
8.19 — Refractory 8-27
8.20 — Front Door and Rear Access Plug 8-30
8.21 — Lubrication 8-31
8.22 — Combustion Adjustments 8-32
8.23 — EPA Compliance 8-33
CHAPTER 9 Parts 9-1

Arch Brick & Liner Tiles 9-2
Blower Cassette 9-3
Gas Train 9-8
Actuator Assembly, Fuel Oil 9-14
Actuator Assembly, Air Damper 9-15
Actuator Assembly, IFGR Valve 9-15
Actuator Assembly, Gas Butterfly Valve 9-16
Pressure Controls 9-17
Water Column, LWCO 9-18
Auxiliary Low Water Cutoff 9-19
Blower Davit: 55” & 60” 9-20
Front Head Hinge: 55” & 60” 9-21
Front Davit Assembly 9-22
Front Head Assembly 9-23
Burner Installation 9-28
Fireside Gaskets 9-34
Front Head Light Oil/Air Piping 9-36
CHAPTER 1 Basics
1.1 — Overview
CBEX Elite boilers are available for steam or hot water applications. Basic construction consists of a cylindrical
vessel with horizontal tubes passing through and connected to the front and rear tube sheets. The vessel con-
tains the water and absorbs the energy generated from the flame.
The flame originates in the furnace. As the combustion gases travel down the furnace and through the various
firetube channels, heat from the flame and combustion gases is transferred to the water.
Transferred energy develops into the required steam or hot water. The primary purpose of the boiler is to supply
energy to the facility’s operations — for heat, manufacturing processes, laundry, kitchen, etc. The nature of the
facility’s operation will dictate whether a steam or hot water boiler should be used.
This manual covers CBEX Elite boilers ranging from 100 through 1200 boiler horsepower for the following fuels:
Series 100 Light Oil (No. 2)
Series 200 Light Oil (No. 2) or Gas
Series 700 Gas
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CBEX Elite 100-1200 HP
Basics
The low emission option for the CBEX Elite line of Firetube Boilers reduces Nitrogen
Oxide (NOx) emissions, a major contributor to ozone pollution (smog). Carbon Monoxide
(CO) emissions also tend to be lower as increased turbulence caused by the addition of
the flue gases into the combustion air stream results in improved combustion.
The CBEX Elite Firetube Boiler line is designed to incorporate Induced Flue Gas Recircu-
lation (IFGR) when firing either natural gas and/or light oil, and is compatible with both
hot water and steam systems.
The IFGR system mixes a portion of the relatively cool flue gas from the exit of the sec-
ond-pass tubes with the incoming combustion air to reduce the furnace flame tempera-
ture, thereby reducing NOx emissions. In this approach, the combustion air fan handles
both the combustion air and the recirculated flue gases.
FIGURE 1-1. Induced Flue Gas Recirculation (IFGR)
The low emission design can affect the selection of the combustion air fan, motor, burner, and other components.
Several different system configurations are available, depending on the requirements for NOx emissions and the
fuels used. All systems use similar primary components, but may have different IFGR damper fan and motor
sizes.
The boiler and related equipment installation should conform to state and local codes governing such equipment.
Prior to installation, the proper authorities having jurisdiction are to be consulted, permits obtained, etc.
All CBEX Elite boilers in the series comply, when equipped with optional equipment, to Industrial Risk Insurers
(IRI), Factory Mutual (FM), or other insuring underwriters requirements.
1.2 — The Boiler

The CBEX Elite boiler is a packaged firetube boiler of welded steel construction and consists of a pressure vessel,
burner, burner controls, forced draft fan, damper, air pump, refractory, and appropriate boiler trim.
The horsepower rating of the boiler is indicated by the numbers following the fuel series. For example, CBEX
700-600 indicates a gas-fired 600 hp boiler.
The firetube construction provides some characteristics that differentiate it from other boiler types. Because of its
vessel size, the firetube boiler contains a large amount of water, allowing it to respond to load changes with min-
imum variation in steam pressure.
Firetube boilers are rated in boiler horsepower (BHP), which should not be confused with other horsepower mea-
surements.
1-2 750-368
1.3 — Construction
Hot water is commonly used in heating applications with boiler supplied water to the system at 180º F to 220º
F. The operating pressure for hot water heating systems usually is 30 psig to 125 psig.
Steam and hot water boilers are defined according to design pressure and operating pressure.
Design pressure is the maximum pressure used in the design of the boiler for the purpose of calculating the min-
imum permissible thickness or physical characteristics of the pressure vessel parts of the boiler. Typically, the
safety valves are set at or below design pressure.
Operating pressure is the pressure at which the boiler normally operates. The operating pressure usually is main-
tained at a suitable level below the setting of the pressure relieving valve(s) to prevent frequent valve opening
during normal operation.
The type of service that your boiler is required to provide has an important bearing on the amount of waterside
care it will require.
Feedwater equipment should be thoroughly checked before use. Be sure that all valves, piping, boiler feed
pumps, and receivers are installed in accordance with prevailing codes and practices.
The close observance of water requirements for both steam and hot water boilers is essential to boiler life and
length of service. Constant attention to water requirements will pay dividends in the form of longer life, less
downtime, and prevention of costly repairs.
Care taken in placing the pressure vessel into initial service is vital. The waterside of new boilers and new or
remodeled steam or hot water systems may contain oil, grease, or other foreign matter. A method of boiling out
the vessel to remove accumulations is described in Chapter 3.
1.3 — Construction
Steam boilers designed for 15 psig and hot water boilers designed for 250º F at 125 psi or less are constructed
in accordance with Section IV, Heating Boilers, of ASME Code.*
Steam boilers designed for operating pressures exceeding 15 psig are constructed in accordance with Section I,
Power Boilers, of the ASME Code. Hot water boilers designed for operating temperatures above 250º F or 125
psi are likewise built to Section I of the ASME Code.
*CBEX Elite steam boilers are high pressure steam only.
1.4 — Steam Controls (all fuels)
1.4.1 — Controls
1. Pressure Gauge: Indicates boiler internal pressure.
2. Operating Limit Pressure Control: Breaks a circuit to stop burner operation on a rise of boiler pressure at a
selected setting. It is adjusted to stop or start the burner at a preselected pressure setting.
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Basics
3. High Limit Pressure Control: Breaks a circuit to stop burner operation on a rise of pressure above a selected
setting. It is adjusted to stop the burner at a preselected pressure above the operating limit control setting.
The high limit pressure control is normally equipped with a manual reset.
FIGURE 1-2. Steam Controls
1.4.2 — Low Water Cutoff

The style of Low Water Cutoff is determined by the design pressure of
the vessel or by customer preference. The CB Level Master (for opera-
tion and maintenance information, consult the Level Master manual
that accompanied the boiler) is used on all steam boilers 150 psig to
250 psig.
FIGURE 1-3. Low Water Cutoff
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1.4 — Steam Controls (all fuels)
1. Low Water Cutoff and Pump Control: Float-operated control responds to the water level in the boiler. It per-
forms two distinct functions:
•Stops firing of the burner if water level lowers below the safe operating point. Energizes the low-water light in
the control panel; also causes low-water alarm bell (optional equipment) to ring. Code requirements of some
models require a manual reset type of low water cutoff.
•Starts and stops the feedwater pump (if used) to maintain water at the proper operating level.
2. Water Gauge Glass Drain Valve: Provided to flush the gauge glass.
3. Vent Valve: Allows the boiler to be vented during filling and facilitates routine boiler inspection as required by
ASME Code.
4. Water Column Drain Valve: Provided so that the LWCO and its piping can be flushed regularly to assist in
maintaining cross-connecting piping and in keeping the float bowl clean and free of sediment. A similar drain
valve is furnished with auxiliary low water cutoff for the same purpose.
1.4.3 — Safety Valve(s)

Safety Valves: Prevent buildup over the design pressure of the pressure vessel. The size, rating, and number of
valves on a boiler is determined by the ASME Boiler Code. The safety valves and the discharge piping are to be
installed to conform to the ASME Code requirements. The installation of a valve is of primary importance to its
service life. A valve must be mounted in a vertical position so that discharge piping and code-required drains can
be properly piped to prevent buildup of back pressure and accumulation of foreign material around the valve seat
area. Apply a moderate amount of pipe compound to male threads and avoid over-tightening, which can distort
the seats. Use only flat-jawed wrenches on the flats provided. When installing a flange connected valve, use a
new gasket and draw the mounting bolts down evenly. Do not install or remove side outlet valves by using a pipe
or wrench in the outlet.
FIGURE 1-4. Safety Valve Piping and Safety Valves
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Basics
! Warning
Only properly certified personnel such as the safety valve manufacturer’s certified representative can adjust or repair
the boiler safety valves. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
1.5 — Hot Water Controls (all fuels) 100-800 HP only
1.5.1 — Pressure and Temperature Gauges

1. Water Pressure Gauge: Indicates the boiler internal water pressure.
2. Water Temperature Gauge: Indicates the boiler water temperature.
1.5.2 — Controls
1. Modulating Temperature Control: Senses changing boiler water temperature and transmits the information to
change the burner firing rate when the manual-automatic switch is set on “automatic.”
2. High Limit Temperature Control: Breaks a circuit to stop burner operation on a rise of temperature at a
selected setting. It is adjusted to stop the burner at a preselected temperature above the operating control set-
ting. The high limit temperature control normally is equipped with a manual reset.
3. Operating Limit Temperature Control: Breaks a circuit to stop burner operation on a rise of boiler temperature
at a selected setting. It is adjusted to stop or start the burner at a preselected operating temperature.
FIGURE 1-5. Temperature Gauge and Hot Water Controls
1.5.3 — Low Water Cutoff and ALWCO

1. Low Water Cutoff: Breaks the circuit to stop burner operation if the water level in the boiler drops below a
safe operating point, activating the low-water light and the optional alarm bell.
2. Auxiliary Low Water Cutoff (optional): Breaks the circuit to stop burner operation if the water level in the
boiler drops below the master low-water cutoff point.
1-6 750-368
1.6 — IFGR Components
1.5.4 — Safety Valve(s)

Relieves the boiler of pressure higher than the design pressure or a lower pressure, if designated. Relief valves
and their discharge piping are to be installed to conform to ASME Code requirements.
1.6 — IFGR Components

1. Flue Gas Transfer Port, IFGR Damper, Flange Collar: The flue gas transfer port is a tube that allows the flue
gases to travel from the exit of the second-pass tubes to the entrance of the combustion air fan.
The IFGR damper controls the volume of flue gas induced into the combustion air stream. The damper is
located in the flue gas transfer port and is positioned by the control linkage.
2. Burner Drawer: The gas spudding pattern for the IFGR system may be different than that of a non-IFGR,
High-Turndown CB burner of the same horsepower (HP) model designation.
3. Combustion Air Inlet: The combustion air inlets are located at the top of the front door. Air enters from the
rear of the air inlet shrouds, which reduces the sound level and captures heat from the boiler and stack flue
outlet.
4. Front Door Insulation: If NOx emissions are below 60 ppm, the front door is insulated inside to control tem-
perature buildup. The insulation is held in place with wire mesh.
1.7 — Fan/Motor Cassette

The fan and motor assemblies are designed as a cassette so that they can be removed from the front of the boiler
without opening the front door. The front door davit arm can be used to remove the assembly (100-200 HP have
a hinged front door and a davit specifically for blower use). When removing the cassette use the lifting lugs pro-
vided (3-point rigging recommended for 350-1200 HP).
FIGURE 1-6. Fan/Motor Cassette
750-368 1-7
Basics
1-8 750-368
CHAPTER 2 Burner and Fuel System
2.1 — The Burner

The oil burner is of the low pressure, air atomizing (nozzle) type. The gas burner is of the non-premix orifice type.
The burners are ignited by a spark ignited interrupted type gas pilot. The pilot is extinguished after the main
flame is established. Burners equipped to burn oil and gas (combination burners) include equipment for each
fuel. Since the burner uses only one type of fuel at a time, a gas/oil selector switch is incorporated.
Regardless of which fuel is used, the burner operates with full modulation (within its rated operating range). The
burner returns to minimum firing position for ignition.
A flame detector is present to supervise both oil and gas flames, and to shut the burner down in the event of loss
of flame.
The control sequence provides a pre-purging period, proving of the pilot and main flame, and a period of contin-
ued blower operation to post-purge the boiler of all unburned fuel vapor. Other safety controls shut down the
burner under low-water conditions or excess steam pressure (water temperature).
Safety interlock controls include combustion and atomizing air proving switches and, depending upon the fuel
and insurance carrier requirements, controls that prove the presence of adequate fuel pressure.
The sequence of burner operation from startup through shutdown is governed by the Hawk controls in conjunc-
tion with the operating, limit, and interlock devices. The devices are wired into the circuitry to provide safe oper-
ation and protect against incorrect operating techniques.
100-800 HP boilers have the burner assembly integral with the front head. The entire head may be swung open
for inspection and maintenance. On 900-1200 HP boilers the burner damper assembly is separate from the dif-
fuser/straightener assembly. The diffuser assembly can be left in place if desired when opening the front head for
inspection.
Combustion air is provided by a centrifugal blower located in the front head. Combustion air delivery to the
burner is under the control of the damper actuator.
Filtered primary air for atomizing fuel oil is furnished independently of combustion air by an air pump.
750-368 2-1
Burner and Fuel System
The burner control circuit operates on 115 volt, single-phase 60 Hz (or 50 Hz when equipped) alternating cur-
rent. The forced draft fan motor is generally operated on 3-phase service at the available main power supply volt-
age.
2.2 — Front Head and Panel

Front head, control/entrance panel, and additional components associated with the combustion process are
described below. Boilers with optional features may have components not listed here.
2 6
7
3
3 10
5
3
8
9 4
FIGURE 2-1. CBEX Steam Boiler
Component Description
1. Forced Draft Fan Motor Drives forced draft fan directly to provide combustion air. Also referred to as a
blower motor.
2. Forced Draft Impeller Provides all air, under pressure, for combustion of pilot fuel and main fuel, and for
purging.
3. Actuators Independent actuators for fuel, air, and FGR operate to provide proper air/fuel
ratios under all boiler load conditions.
4. Ignition Transformer Provides high voltage spark for ignition of gas pilot or light oil pilot.
5. Flame Detector Monitors gas or oil pilot and energizes the programmer flame relay in response to
a flame signal. It continues to monitor main flame (oil or gas) after expiration of
pilot providing period. A standard equipped boiler has a lead sulfide (infrared sen-
sitive) detector.
6. Stack Thermometer Indicates temperature of vented flue gases.
2-2 750-368
2.3 — Gas System
7. Control panel Houses the touchscreen HMI and boiler control system. Controller automatically
programs each starting, operating, and shutdown period in conjunction with oper-
ating limit and interlock devices. Includes, in a timed and proper sequence, the
operation of the blower motor, ignition system, fuel valve(s), damper, and FGR.
The sequence includes air purge periods prior to ignition and upon burner shut-
down.
8. Entrance box Houses high voltage equipment including motor starters and fuses.
9. Gas train See 2.3
10. Oil system See 2.4
The flame detector portion of the control monitors both oil and gas flames and provides protection in the event of
loss of a flame signal.
The control recycles automatically during normal operation, or following a power interruption. It must be manu-
ally reset following a safety shutdown caused by a loss of flame. An internal checking circuit, effective on every
start, prevents burner operation in the event anything causes the flame relay to hold in during this period.
2.3 — Gas System

Depending upon the requirements of the insurance carrier or other governing agencies, the gas flow control sys-
tem, or gas train, may consist of some, or all, of the following items, and may include additional components as
required. Refer to the Dimension Diagram (DD) prepared by Cleaver-Brooks for the installation.
Item numbers refer to the table following the illustrations.
3 4
2
1
FIGURE 2-2. Pilot Gas Train
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10
8
6 11
5 5
9
7
FIGURE 2-3. Main Gas Train (configurations may vary)
1. Pilot Gas Shutoff Cock For manually opening or closing the pilot gas supply.
2. Pilot Gas Pressure Regulator Reduces incoming gas pressure to suit the pilot.
3. Pilot Gas Pressure Gauge Indicates gas pressure to pilot.
4. Pilot Gas Valve A solenoid valve that opens during the ignition period to admit fuel to the pilot. It
closes after main flame is established. The sequence of energizing and de-energiz-
ing is controlled by the programming relay. A second gas pilot valve may be
required by insurance regulations.
5. Gas Shutoff Cock The upstream gas cock manually opens and closes the main fuel gas supply. A
second shutoff cock, downstream of the main gas valve(s), is installed to provide
a means of shutting off the gas line whenever a test is made for leakage across the
main gas valve.
6. Low Gas Pressure Switch A pressure actuated switch that is closed whenever main gas line pressure is
above a preselected pressure. Should the pressure drop below the setting, the
switch contacts open a circuit causing the main gas valve(s) to close, or prevent
the burner from starting. The switch is usually equipped with a device that must
be manually reset after being tripped.
7. Main Gas Valves Electrically actuated shutoff valves that open simultaneously to admit gas to the
burner. The downstream valve is equipped with a “proof of closure” switch that is
connected into the pre-ignition interlock circuit.
8. Gas Valve Actuator w/o POC Dual-body gas valve includes regulating valve with POC (see below) and second
motorized safety shutoff valve.
9. Leakage Connection The body of the gas valve has a plugged opening that is used whenever it is nec-
essary to conduct a test for possible leakage across the closed valve.
10. Gas Regulating Actuator w/ Regulates gas pressure to the pressure range required by the burner. Includes
POC proof-of-closure switch.
2-4 750-368
2.4 — Oil System
11. High Gas Pressure Switch A pressure actuated switch that is closed whenever main gas line pressure is
below a preselected pressure. Should the pressure rise above the setting, the
switch contacts will open a circuit causing the main gas valve(s) to close, or pre-
vent the burner from starting. The switch is usually equipped with a device that
must be manually reset after being tripped.
12. Butterfly Gas Valve (not The pivoted disc in the valve is actuated by connecting linkage from the gas mod-
shown) ulating cam to regulate the rate of gas flow to the burner.
2.4 — Oil System

The following items are applicable to all oil fired or combination fired boilers.
Oil Drawer Switch Opens the limit circuit if the oil drawer burner gun is not latched in the forward
position required for burning oil.
Atomizing Air Proving Switch Pressure actuated switch whose contacts are closed when sufficient atomizing air
pressure from the air pump is present for oil firing. Oil valve(s) will not open, or
will not remain open, unless switch contacts are closed.
Atomizing Air Pressure Gauge Indicates the atomizing air pressure at the burner gun.
Oil Solenoid Valves Opens when energized through contacts in the programmer and allows fuel oil to
flow from the oil metering valve to the burner nozzle. A light oil fired burner uses
two valves operating simultaneously.
Fuel Oil Controller An assembly combining into a single unit the gauges, regulators, and valves
required for regulating the flow of fuel oil. All controllers have the following inte-
gral parts.
A. Oil Metering Valve: Valve metering stem moves to increase or decrease the
orifice area to regulate the supply of fuel oil to the burner nozzle in accor-
dance with boiler load variances. Stem movement is controlled by the oil
fuel actuator.
B. Oil Burner Pressure Gauge: Indicates pressure of the fuel oil at the metering
valve.
C. Oil Pressure Regulator: For adjustment of the pressure of oil at the metering
valve.
Oil Relief Valve Maintains a constant oil supply pressure to the fuel oil controller by bypassing
excess fuel oil.
Terminal Block Provides connections for fuel oil supply piping.
Fuel Oil Strainer Prevents foreign matter from entering the burner system.
Back Pressure Orifice A restriction located in the oil return line immediately downstream of the fuel oil
controller to create back pressure (100 and 200 series only).
Low Oil Pressure Switch Switch contacts open when the fuel oil pressure drops below selected pressure.
(optional) Switch will interrupt the limit circuit upon loss of sufficient fuel oil pressure for
correct combustion.
750-368 2-5
Fuel Oil Pump Transfers fuel oil from the storage tank and delivers it under pressure to the burner
system.
Air Pump Module Assembly Provides the compressed air required to atomize the fuel oil for proper combus-
tion. It is started automatically by the programmer’s sequence.
2.5 — Controls for Combination Burners Only

Gas-Oil Switch: Burners equipped to burn either oil or gas include equipment for each fuel. The selector switch
engages the appropriate interlocks and controls for gas or oil operation. Chapter 4 details the required functions
of each fuel system.
2.6 — Combustion Air

Air for combustion of fuel (referred to as “secondary” air) is furnished by the forced draft fan mounted in the
boiler head. In operation, air pressure is built up in the entire head and is forced through a diffuser plate for a
thorough mixture with the fuel for proper combustion. The supply of secondary air to the burner is governed by
automatically throttling the output of the fan by regulating the rotary air damper. The damper provides the proper
amount of air for correct ratio of air to fuel for efficient combustion at all firing rates.
The use of a Variable Speed Drive (VSD), optional, works in conjunction with the air damper actuator. When high
fire is not required the VSD reduces amperage to the fan motor, reducing energy consumption and the corre-
sponding air flow simultaneously.
FIGURE 2-4. Secondary Air Flow Diagram
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2.7 — Automatic Ignition
2.7 — Automatic Ignition

Oil or gas burners are ignited by an interrupted type pilot. The pilot flame is ignited automatically by an electric
spark.
Burners are equipped with a gas burning pilot. In the case of a combination burner, the gas pilot is used to ignite
either the main gas flame or the oil flame.
At the beginning of the ignition cycle, and governed by the program relay and the Hawk control system, the pilot
solenoid valve and ignition transformer are simultaneously energized.
The ignition transformer supplies high voltage current for the igniting spark. A gas pilot has a single electrode and
a spark arcs between the tip of the electrode and the wall of the tube surrounding it. A light oil pilot has two elec-
trodes and the arc is between their tips. The pilot solenoid valve and the transformer are de-energized after main
flame is ignited and established.
Fuel for the gas pilot is supplied from the utility’s main, or from a tank (bottle) supply. Secondary air flows into
and mixes with the pilot gas stream to provide an adequate fuel and air mixture for combustion.
Insurance regulations may require two gas pilot solenoid valves with a normally open vent valve between them.
The vent valve closes when the gas pilot valves open, and opens when the gas pilot valves shut to vent gas,
should any be present in the pilot line during the de-energized period of the gas pilot valves.
2.8 — Atomizing Air

Air for atomizing the fuel oil (referred to as “primary” air) is pumped by the air pump into the air-oil receiver tank
and delivered under pressure through a manifold block to the oil burner nozzle.
The atomizing air mixes with the fuel oil just prior to the oil leaving the nozzle.
Atomizing air pressure is indicated by the air pressure gauge on the burner gun.
Air pressure from the pump also forces sufficient oil from the tank to the pump bearings to lubricate them and
also to provide a seal and lubrication for the pump vanes. As a result, the air delivered to the tank contains some
lube oil; however, most of it is recovered through baffles and filters in the tank before the air passes to the burner.
Some of the primary air is also used to assist the oil pressure regulators of the fuel oil controller. Further explana-
tion is given in Chapter 5.
750-368 2-7
2.9 — Oil Fuel Flow

In Figure 2-9 the oil flow is indicated by arrows and the pertinent controls are identified.
FIGURE 2-5. Diagram for Light Oil Flow
2-8 750-368
2.10 — Gas Fuel Flow
Fuel oil is delivered into the system by a supply pump which delivers part of its discharge to the oil burner.
Excess oil is returned to the oil storage tank through the fuel oil relief valve and oil return line. Normally, the
pump operates only while the burner is in operation, although a positioning switch is often provided so that either
continuous or automatic pump operation can be obtained.
The oil flows through a fuel oil strainer to prevent any foreign material from flowing through the control valves
and nozzle. The fuel oil controller contains in a single unit a metering valve, a regulator, and a gauge required to
regulate the pressure and flow of oil to the burner. The adjustable regulator controls the pressure. To assist in the
regulations, back pressure is created by an orifice nozzle located in the oil return line immediately downstream of
the fuel oil controller.
The programming relay energizes or de-energizes the solenoid oil valves to permit or cut off oil flow to the burner.
Two valves, operating simultaneously, are used. The valves are closed when de-energized. They cannot be
opened (energized) unless the combustion air proving switch and the atomizing air proving switch are closed.
The two switches are satisfied, respectively, by sufficient combustion air pressure from the forced draft fan and
pressurized air from the air pump.
The oil flow to the burner is controlled by the movement of the metering stem in the oil metering valve, which
varies the flow to meet load demands. The metering valve and the air damper are controlled simultaneously at all
times by independent actuators to proportion combustion air and fuel for changes in load demand.
2.10 — Gas Fuel Flow

Metered gas from the utility flows through the pressure regulator at a reduced pressure suitable to burner require-
ments, through the main gas shutoff cock, main gas valve(s), and modulating butterfly gas valve to the nonpre-
mix orifice-type burner.
The main gas valve is of the normally closed type, and is opened (energized) in proper sequence by the program-
ming relay.
The butterfly gas valve modulates the flow of gas from low through high fire settings. The position of the butterfly
valve disc is governed by the gas valve actuator. The butterfly gas valve and the air control damper are controlled
simultaneously by independent actuators to proportion combustion air and fuel for changes in load demand.
The gas flow rate required for rated burner input depends upon the heating valve (Btu/cubic foot) of the gas sup-
plied. The gas pressure regulator adjusts the gas pressure (flow rate) to the entrance of the gas train. The regula-
tor is not always supplied with the burner, but may be provided by others.
The main gas valves cannot be energized (opened) unless the combustion air proving switch is closed to indicate
a sufficient supply of combustion air. The low gas pressure and high gas pressure switches must be closed to
prove sufficient, but not excessive, gas fuel pressure.
2.11 — Modulating Firing

A combustion curve for each fuel is programmed into the Hawk controls during boiler commissioning. The com-
bustion curve settings will determine how the butterfly gas valve (or the oil metering valve), air damper, and FGR
750-368 2-9
damper are positioned throughout the boiler’s firing range. When properly adjusted, the combustion settings will
maintain the correct air/fuel ratio while responding to changing load conditions.
During burner operation, the process variable (steam pressure or water temperature) is compared to the setpoint
to determine the control signal sent to the actuators.
Manual burner operation is possible through the Hawk control system. Manual mode is used primarily for initial
setting or subsequent checking of fuel input. Normal operation should be with the manual-automatic selector in
the “automatic” position.
A feature designed into the control program maintains the boiler in the low-fire position during ignition and keeps
it there until the main flame is established.
2.12 — Ultra Low NOx Systems

For Ultra Low NOx (<15 PPM) operation refer to the NTI burner manual 750-220.
2-10 750-368
CHAPTER 3 Waterside Care
3.1 — Overview
The operator should be familiar with this chapter before attempting to place the unit into operation.
Although it is of prime importance, the subject of water supply and treatment cannot adequately be covered in
this manual. For specific information or assistance with your water treatment requirements, contact your Cleaver-
Brooks service and parts representative.
Feedwater equipment should be checked and ready for use. Be sure that all valves, piping, boiler feed pumps,
and receivers are installed in accordance with prevailing codes and practices.
Water requirements for both steam and hot water boilers are essential to boiler life and length of service. It is
vital care be taken in placing the pressure vessel into initial service. The waterside of new boilers and new or
remodeled steam or hot water systems may contain oil, grease or other foreign matter. A method of boiling out
the vessel to remove the accumulations is described later in this chapter.
Boilers require proper water circulation. The system must be operated as intended by its designer in order to
avoid thermal shock or severe, possibly damaging, stresses from occurring to the pressure vessel.
NOTE: For purposes of this manual, ‘hot water boiler’ covers boilers using water. Glycol solutions have different
operating requirements, circulation rates, temperatures, etc.
3.2 — Water Requirements
3.2.1 — Hot Water Boilers (100-800 HP only)
Air Removal
The hot water outlet includes a dip tube which extends 2 to 3 inches into the boiler. Oxygen or air released in the
boiler will collect or be trapped at the top of the boiler shell. The dip tube reduces the possibility of air, which
may be trapped at the top of the shell, from entering into the system.
750-368 3-1
Waterside Care
FIGURE 3-1. Dip Tube
The air vent tapping on the top center line of the boiler should be piped into the expansion or compression tank.
Air trapped at the top of the boiler will find its way out of the boiler through the tapping.
Minimum Water Temperature

The minimum recommended boiler water temperature is 170º F. When water temperatures lower than 170º F
are used, the combustion gases are reduced in temperature to a point where water vapor condenses, which can
cause corrosion in the boiler and stack.
Condensation is more severe on a unit that operates intermittently and which is greatly oversized for the actual
load. Condensation can be minimized by maintaining boiler water temperatures above 170º F.
Rapid Replacement of Boiler Water

The system layout and controls should be arranged to prevent the possibility of pumping large quantities of cold
water into a hot boiler, which will cause shock or thermal stresses. Water temperature in a boiler of 200° F or
240° F cannot be completely replaced with 80° F water in a few minutes time without causing thermal stress.
The same fact applies to periods of normal operation, as well as during initial startup.
When individual zone circulating pumps are used, it is recommended that they be kept running-even though the
heat users do not require hot water. The relief device or bypass valve will thus allow continuous circulation
through the boiler and can help prevent rapid replacement of boiler water with cold zone water.
Continuous Flow Through the Boiler

The system should be piped and the controls arranged to allow water circulation through the boiler under all
operating conditions. The operation of three-way valves and system controls should be checked to be sure that
the boiler will not be by-passed. Constant circulation through the boiler mitigates the possibility of stratification
within the boiler and results in more even water temperatures to the system.
A rule of thumb of 3/4 to 1 gpm per boiler horsepower can be used to determine the minimum continuous flow
rate through the boiler under all operating conditions. The operator should determine that water flow exists
through the boiler before initial firing or refiring after boiler has been drained.
NOTE: If the operating water temperature going to the system must be lower than 170º F, the operating boiler water
temperature should be a minimum of 170º F and mixing valves should be used to avoid damage to the equipment.
3-2 750-368
3.2 — Water Requirements
NOTE: The circulating pumps should be interlocked with the burner so that the burner cannot operate unless the cir-
culating pump is running in order to avoid damage to the equipment.
Water Circulation
The Maximum Circulating Rate Chart, Figure 3-2, shows the maximum gpm circulation rate of boiler water in
relation to full boiler output and system temperature drop.
System Temperature Drop - Degrees F

Boiler Output 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
BHP MBTU/hr
Maximum Circulating Rate - GPM
100 3,350 670 335 223 168 134 112 96 84 75 67
125 4,185 836 418 279 209 168 140 120 105 93 84
150 5,025 1,005 503 335 251 201 168 144 126 112 100
200 6,695 1,340 670 447 335 268 224 192 168 149 134
250 8,370 1.675 838 558 419 335 280 240 210 186 167
300 10,045 2,010 1,005 670 503 402 335 287 251 223 201
350 11,720 2,350 1,175 784 587 470 392 336 294 261 235
400 13,400 2,680 1,340 895 670 535 447 383 335 298 268
500 16,740 3,350 1,675 1,120 838 670 558 479 419 372 335
600 20,080 4,020 2,010 1,340 1,005 805 670 575 502 448 402
700 23,430 4,690 2,345 1.565 1,175 940 785 670 585 520 470
800 26,780 5,360 2,680 1,785 1,340 1,075 895 765 670 595 535
FIGURE 3-2. Maximum Circulating Rate Chart
Multiple Boiler Installations

When multiple boilers are used, care must be taken to ensure adequate or proportional flow through the boilers.
Proportional flow can best be accomplished by use of balancing valves and gauges in the supply line from each
boiler. If balancing valves or orifice plates are used, a significant pressure drop (e.g., 3-5 psi) must be taken
across the balancing device to accomplish the purpose.
If care is not taken to ensure adequate or proportional flow through the boilers, wide variations in firing rates
between the boilers can result.
In extreme cases, one boiler may be in the high-fire position while the other boiler or boilers may be at low fire.
The net result would be that the common header water temperature to the system would not be up to the desired
point.
Pump Location
It is recommended that the system circulating pumps take suction from the outlet connection on the boiler, and
that they discharge to the system load. The suction side is preferred because it decreases air entry into the sys-
tem and does not impose the system head on the boiler.
750-368 3-3
Waterside Care
Pump Operation
Pumps are normally started and stopped by manual switches. It is also desirable to interlock the pump with the
burner so that the burner cannot operate unless the circulating pump is running.
Pressure
The design of the system and usage requirements often dictate the pressure exerted upon the boiler. Some sys-
tems are pressurized with air, or with an inert gas such as nitrogen. Caution must be exercised to ensure that the
proper relationship of pressure-to-temperature exists within the boiler so that all of the boiler’s internal surfaces
are fully wetted at all times. For this reason, the internal boiler pressure, as indicated on the water pressure
gauge, must be held to the level shown in the Internal Boiler Pressure graph below.
FIGURE 3-3. Internal Boiler Pressure
When initially firing a newly installed boiler, or when cutting an existing boiler into an operating system, the
boiler or boilers to be cut into operation MUST be pressurized equal to the system and/or other boilers prior to
opening the header valves.
It is advisable to have a thermometer installed in the return line to indicate return water temperature. Knowing
the supply water temperature, the boiler system differential can be established. With knowledge of the pumping
rate, the operator can easily detect any excessive load condition and take appropriate corrective action.
Special caution must be taken to guard against any condition, or combination of conditions, that might lead to
the transfer of cold water to a hot boiler or hot water to a cold boiler. It cannot be over-emphasized that rapid
changes in temperature within the boiler can, and sometimes do, cause damage.
3.2.2 — Steam Boilers
Feed Pump Operation
3-4 750-368
3.3 — Water Treatment
Before turning on the pump motor be certain that all valves in the water feed line are open to prevent possible
damage to the feed pump mechanism. After opening the valves, momentarily energize the feed pump motor to
establish correct pump rotation. With the correct rotation established, close the boiler feed pump entrance
switch. The pump should shut down when the water level reaches the proper level.
Feedwater pumps must have adequate capacity to maintain required water level under all operating conditions.
Check the feedwater pumps periodically and maintain as necessary to prevent unexpected breakdowns.
NOTE: Prior to operating the pump, carefully check the alignment of the flexible coupling, if one is used. A properly
aligned coupling will last a long time and provide trouble-free mechanical operation.
NOTE: In the event that water column isolation valves are provided, it must be established that the valves are open
and sealed or locked in the open position. If the valves are installed, it is illegal to operate the boiler with closed or
unsealed open valves.
! Warning
The isolation valves and the water column piping must be locked open during operation. Failure to do so may result
in a low water condition. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
5 1
3
6 ITEM DESCRIPTION
2
1 Globe Valve
2 Check Valve
3 Gate Valve
4 Globe Valve
5 Feedwater Valve
6 Strainer
4 3
FIGURE 3-4. Feed piping, typical
3.3 — Water Treatment

Properly treated boiler feed water, coupled with good engineering and operating practices, lead to maximum
effectiveness and long trouble-free life of pressure vessels. Contact your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized repre-
sentative for information on how to prevent the presence of unwanted solids and corrosive gases.
Objectives of water treatment are:

1. Prevent hard scale deposits or soft sludge deposits, which reduce heat transfer and can lead to overheated
metal and costly downtime and repairs.
2. Eliminate corrosive gases in the supply or boiler water.
3. Prevent inter-crystalline cracking or caustic embrittlement of boiler metal.
750-368 3-5
Waterside Care
4. Prevent carryover and foaming.
Accomplishment of the above objectives generally requires proper feedwater treatment before and after introduc-
tion of the water into the boiler. The selection of pre-treatment processes depends upon the water source, its
chemical characteristics, amount of makeup water needed, plant operating practices, etc. Treating methods
include filtering, softening, de-mineralizing, deaerating, and preheating. After-treatment involves chemical treat-
ment of the boiler water.
Because of the variables involved, no single boiler compound can be considered a “cure-all” nor is it advisable to
experiment with homemade treating methods. Sound recommendations and their employment should be aug-
mented by a periodic analysis of the feedwater, boiler water, and condensate.
The internal or waterside surfaces of the pressure vessel should be inspected with enough frequency to deter-
mine the presence of any contamination, accumulations of foreign matter, or corrosion, and/or pitting. If any of
the conditions are detected, contact your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for advice on corrective
action.
A properly sized water meter should be installed in the raw water make-up line in order to accurately determine
the amount of raw water admitted to the boiler (steam or hot water) and to aid in maintaining proper waterside
conditions.
3.4 — Cleaning
3.4.1 — Hot Water and Steam Piping

Steam and water piping systems connected to the boiler may contain oil, grease, or foreign matter. The impuri-
ties must be removed in order to prevent damage to pressure vessel heating surfaces. On a steam system, the
condensate should be wasted until tests show the elimination of undesirable impurities. During the period that
condensate is wasted, attention must be given to the treatment of the raw water used as make-up so that an
accumulation of unwanted materials or corrosion does not occur. For more information, contact your local
Cleaver- Brooks authorized representative.
On a hot water system, chemical cleaning is generally necessary and the entire system should be drained after
treatment. Consult your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for recommendations, cleaning com-
pounds, and application procedures.
3.4.2 — Pressure Vessel

The waterside of the pressure vessel must be kept clean from grease, sludge, and foreign material. Such depos-
its, if present, will shorten the life of the pressure vessel, will interfere with efficient operation and functioning of
control and safety devices, and quite possibly cause unnecessary and expensive rework, repairs, and downtime.
The installation and operating conditions that the boiler will be subjected to should be considered and cleaning
of the waterside of the pressure vessel should be provided during the course of initial start-up.
The pressure vessel and the steam and return lines or hot water piping represent, in effect, a closed system.
Although the steam and return (condensate) lines or the hot water piping system may have been previously
cleaned, it is possible that:
1. Cleaning has been inadequate.
3-6 750-368
3.5 — Boil-Out of a New Unit
2. Partial or total old system is involved.

3. Conditions may prevent adequate cleaning of piping.
The pressure vessel waterside should be inspected on a periodic basis. An inspection will reveal true internal
conditions and serve as a check against conditions indicated by chemical analysis of the boiler water. Inspection
should be made three months after initial starting and at regular 6-, 9-, or 12-month intervals thereafter. The fre-
quency of further periodic inspections will depend upon the internal conditions found.
If any unwanted conditions are observed, contact your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for recom-
mendations.
Any sludge, mud, or sediment found will need to be flushed out. If excessive mud or sludge is noticed during
blowdown, the scheduling or frequency of blowdown may need to be revised. The need for periodic draining or
washout will also be indicated.
Any oil or grease present on the heating surfaces should be removed promptly by a boil-out using an alkaline
detergent solution.
3.5 — Boil-Out of a New Unit

The internal surfaces of a newly installed boiler may have oil, grease or other protective coatings used in manu-
facturing. Such coatings must be removed because they lower the heat transfer rate and could cause overheating
of a tube. Before boiling out procedures may begin, the burner should be ready for firing. The operator must be
familiar with the procedure outlined under burner operation.
NOTE: Temperature of initial fill of water for hydrostatic tests, boil-out, or for normal operation should be as stated in
the ASME Boiler Code.
Your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative will be able to recommend a cleaning or boil-out procedure.
In the event such service is unavailable or is yet unscheduled, the following information may be of assistance.
There are several chemicals suitable for boil-out. One combination often used is soda ash (sodium carbonate)
and caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) at the rate of 3 to 5 pounds each per 1,000 pounds of water, along with a
small amount of laundry detergent serving as a wetting agent.
! Warning
Use of a suitable face mask, goggles, rubber gloves, and protective garments is strongly recommended when han-
dling or mixing caustic chemicals. Do not permit the dry material or the concentrated solution to come in contact
with skin or clothing. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
The suggested general procedure for cleaning a boiler is:

1. Refer to the table below to determine water capacity. Have sufficient cleaning material on hand to complete
the job.
750-368 3-7
Waterside Care
Water Capacity and Weights
CBEX
Steam Hot Water
Lbs. Gal. Lbs. Gal.
100 6549 786 7185 863
125 6882 826 7549 906
150 8006 961 9102 1093
200 9062 1088 10314 1238
250 11618 1395 13755 1651
300 12188 1463 14419 1731
350 19340 2322 22499 2701
400 19647 2359 22942 2755
500 20059 2408 24975 2998
600 21619 2595 26884 3227
700 25051 3007 31731 3809
800 25868 3105 32741 3931
900 36000 4322 - -
1000 36500 4382 - -
1100 38000 4562 - -
1200 39000 4682 - -
2. All valves in the piping leading to or from the system must be closed to prevent the cleaning solution from get-
ting into the system.
3. When dissolving chemicals:
A. Put warm water into a suitable container.
B. Slowly introduce the dry chemical into the water, stirring it at all times until the chemical is completely dis-
solved.
C. Add the chemical slowly and in small amounts to prevent excessive heat and turbulence.
4. Water relief valves and steam safety valves must be removed before adding the boilout solution so that neither
the boilout solution nor the grease the solution may carry will contaminate the valves. Use care in removing
and reinstalling the valves (refer to sections 1.4.3 and 8.15 for more on valve installation).
5. An overflow pipe should be attached ton one of the top boiler openings and routed to a safe point of dis-
charge. The safety valve tapping is usually used.
6. Fill the pressure vessel with clean water at ambient temperature until the top of the tubes are covered. Add
the cleaning solution, slowly and in small amounts, and then fill to the top with water.
7. The boiler should then be fired intermittently at a low rate sufficient to hold solution just at the boiling point.
Boil the water for at least five hours. Do not produce steam pressure.
8. Allow a small amount of fresh water to enter the boiler to create a slight overflow that will carry off surface
impurities.
9. Continue the boil and overflow process until the water clears. Shut the burner down.
10. Let the boiler cool to 120º F or less.
3-8 750-368
3.6 — Washing Out
11. Remove handhole plates and wash the waterside surfaces thoroughly using a high pressure water stream.
12. Inspect the surfaces. If they are not clean, repeat the boilout.
13. After closing the handholes and reinstalling the safety or relief valves, fill the boiler and fire it until the water is
heated to at least 180º F to drive off any dissolved gases, which might otherwise corrode the metal.
! Warning
Be sure to drain the hot water to a safe point of discharge to avoid scalding. Failure to follow these instructions could
result in serious injury or death.
The above procedure may be omitted in the case of a unit previously used or known to be internally clean. How-
ever, consideration must be given to the possibility of contaminating materials entering the boiler from the sys-
tem.
3.6 — Washing Out
3.6.1 — Hot Water Boiler

In theory, a hot water system and boiler that has been initially cleaned, filled with raw water (and water treated),
with no make-up water added, will require no further cleaning or treatment. However, since the system (new or
old) can allow entrance of air and unnoticed or undetected leakage of water, introductions of raw water make-up
or air may lead to pitting, corrosion and formation of sludge, sediment, scale, etc., on the pressure vessel.
If the operator is absolutely certain that the system is tight, then an annual waterside inspection may be suffi-
cient. However, if there is any doubt, the pressure vessel waterside should be inspected no later than three
months after initially placing the boiler into operation, and periodically thereafter as indicated by conditions
observed during inspections.
NOTE: It is advised a water meter be installed in the piping to detect leakage in a “closed” system.
3.6.2 — Steam Boiler

No later than three months after initially placing the boiler into operation, and thereafter as conditions warrant,
the pressure vessel should be drained after being properly cooled to near ambient temperature. Handhole covers
should be removed and waterside surfaces should be inspected for corrosion, pitting, or formation of deposits.
Upon completion of the inspection, the pressure vessel interior should be flushed out, as required, with a high
pressure hose. If deposits are not fully removed by flushing, a consultation may be required with your local
Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative. In extreme cases, it may be necessary to resort to acid cleaning. Pro-
fessional advice is recommended if acid cleaning is required.
The inspections will indicate the effectiveness of the feedwater treatment. The effectiveness of treatment, the
water conditions, and the amount of fresh water make-up required are all factors to be considered in establishing
frequency of future pressure vessel washouts. Contact your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for
more information.
750-368 3-9
Waterside Care
3.7 — Blowdown: Steam Boiler

Boiler water blowdown is the removal of some of the concentrated water from the pressure vessel and its
replacement with feedwater so that the lowering of concentration of dissolved solids in the boiler water occurs.
Dissolved solids are brought in by the feedwater even though the water may be treated prior to use through exter-
nal processes that are designed to remove unwanted substances which contribute to scale and deposit forma-
tions. However, none of the processes can remove all substances. Regardless of their efficiency, some dissolved
solids will be present in the boiler feedwater.
Dissolved solids become less soluble in the high temperature of the boiler water and tend to accumulate on heat-
ing surfaces. Therefore blowdown and internal chemical treatment are required to prevent the solids from form-
ing harmful scale and sludge.
Scale has a low heat transfer value and acts as an insulation barrier. Scale retards heat transfer, which not only
results in lower operating efficiency, and consequently higher fuel consumption, but equally important, can cause
overheating of boiler metal. Overheating of boiler metal can result in tube failures or other pressure vessel metal
damage and lead to boiler downtime and costly repairs.
Scale is caused primarily by calcium and magnesium salts, silica and oil. Any calcium and magnesium salts in
the boiler water are generally precipitated by the use of sodium phosphate, along with organic materials, to
maintain the precipitates or “sludge” in a fluid form. The solids such as sodium salts and suspended dirt do not
readily form scale. But as the boiler water boils off as relatively pure steam, the remaining water is thickened
with the solids. If the concentration is permitted to accumulate, the sludge will build possibly causing overheat-
ing of the metal.
Therefore, we must control the amounts of totally dissolved solids (TDS) and sludge and so so in the following
ways.
3.7.1 — Types of Blowdown

The two principal types of blowdown are intermittent manual blowdown and continuous blowdown.
Intermittent Manual Bottom Blowdown

Manual or sludge blowdown is necessary for the operation of the boiler regardless of whether or not continuous
TDS blowdown is employed.
The blowdown tappings are located at the bottom or lowest part of the boiler in order to rid the sludge in the
lower part of the vessel.
Equipment generally consists of two quick opening valves and one slow opening valve. All piping must be routed
to a safe point of discharge. Piping must be properly supported and fee to expand.
Continuous Blowdown (Controlling TDS)

Continuous blowdown is used in conjunction with a surface blowoff tapping (furnished on units 60” in diameter
and larger) and is the continuous removal of totally dissolved solids in the water.
The surface blowoff opening, when furnished, is on the top center line of the pressure vessel. It is provided with
an internal collecting pipe terminating slightly below the working water level for the purpose of skimming TDS,
oil, or other impurities from the surface of the pressure vessel water.
3-10 750-368
3.7 — Blowdown: Steam Boiler
A controlled orifice valve or an auto-sensing/metering valve is used to allow a continual, yet controlled flow of
concentrated water to drain or a place of recovery.
The flow control valve and piping are generally provided by others. All piping must be routed to a safe point of
discharge.
3.7.2 — Frequency of Manual Blowdown

When continuous blowdown is utilized, manual blowdown is primarily used to remove suspended solids or
sludge. The continuous blowdown removes sediment and oil from the surface of the water along with a pre-
scribed amount of dissolved solids.
When surface or continuous blowdown is not utilized manual blowdown is used to control the dissolved or sus-
pended solids in addition to the sludge. This will involve chemical treatment to sequester the TDS.
In practice, the valve(s) of the bottom blowdown are opened periodically in accordance with an operating sched-
ule and/or chemical control test. From the standpoint of control, economy and results, frequent short blows are
preferred to infrequent lengthy blows. The length and frequency of the blowdown is particularly important when
the suspended solids content of the water is high. With the use of frequent short blows a more uniform concen-
tration of the pressure vessel water is maintained.
In cases where the feedwater is exceptionally pure, or where there is a high percentage of return condensate,
Blowdown may be employed less frequently since less sludge accumulates in the pressure vessel. When dis-
solved and/or suspended solids approach or exceed predetermined limits, manual blowdown to lower the con-
centrations is required.
It is generally recommended that a steam boiler be blown down at least once in every eight-hour period, but fre-
quency may vary depending upon water and operating conditions. The blowdown amounts and schedule should
be recommended by your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative.
A hot water boiler does not normally include openings for surface and bottom blowdown since blowdowns are
not practiced. The need remains to be alert to system water losses and corresponding amount of raw water
make-up. A water meter is recommended for water make-up lines.
3.7.3 — Manual Blowdown Procedure

Blowdown is most effective at a point when the generation of steam is at the lowest rate and feedwater input is
also low.
Be sure the blow-off piping and tank, if used, are in proper operating condition. Discharge vents should be clear of
obstruction, and the waste should be piped to a point of safe discharge.
If a quick opening valve and globe type slow opening valve are in combination, the former is normally opened
first and closed last with blow down accomplished with the globe or slow opening valve.
Larger vessels may have two or three bottom blowdown lines, each with a quick opening valve. Lines may be
blown down simultaneously by opening all quick opening valves before opening the downstream valve.
When opening the slow opening valve, crack it slightly to allow the lines to warm, then continue opening slowly.
750-368 3-11
Waterside Care
The length of each blow should be determined by actual water analysis. Lowering the water in the gauge glass
approximately 1/2” is often acceptable as a guide to adequate blow. However, lowering the water 1/2” should
not be interpreted as a rule since water analysis procedures should prevail. If the glass cannot be viewed by the
party operating the valve, another operator should watch the glass and direct the valve operator.
Close the downstream (slow opening) valve first and as fast as possible. Then close the valve(s) next to the
boiler. Slightly crack the downstream valve and then close it tightly.
! Caution
Do not pump the lever action valve open and closed, as water hammer is apt to break the valve bodies or pipe fit-
tings. Failure to follow these instructions could cause damage to the equipment.
Under no circumstances should a blowdown valve be left open. The operator should never leave until the blow-
down operation is completed and the valves are closed.
Quick opening valve
Slow opening valve
Quick opening valve
FIGURE 3-5. Bottom Blowdown Piping
3.8 — Periodic Inspection

Insurance regulations or local laws will require a periodic inspection of the pressure vessel by an authorized
inspector. Sufficient notice is generally given to permit removal of the boiler from service and preparation for
inspection.
When shutting down the boiler, the load should be reduced gradually and the pressure vessel cooled at a rate
that avoids damaging temperature differential that can cause harmful stresses. Vessels should not normally be
drained until all pressure is relieved, to prevent uneven contraction and temperature differentials that can cause
3-12 750-368
3.9 — Preparation for Extended Layup
expanded tubes to leak. Draining the unit too quickly may cause the baking of deposits that may be present on
the heating surfaces. Some heat, however, may be desirable to dry out the interior of the boiler.
! Warning
To avoid the hazard of electrical shock, we recommend the use of a low voltage flashlight during an internal inspec-
tion. Preferably, inspectors should work in pairs. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or
death.
If the internal inspection is being made at the request of an authorized inspector, it is advisable to ask the inspec-
tor to observe the conditions prior to cleaning or flushing of waterside surfaces.
Be certain that a supply of manhole and handhole gaskets is available, along with any other gaskets or items
needed to place the unit back into operation after inspection.
Have available information on the boiler design, dimensions, generating capacity, operating pressure or tempera-
ture, time in service, defects found previously, and any repairs or modifications. Also have available for reference
records of previous inspections.
Be prepared to perform any testing required by the inspector including a hydrostatic test.
After proper cooling and draining of the vessel, flush out the waterside with a high pressure water hose. Remove
any scale or deposits from the waterside surfaces and check for internal or external corrosion and leakage.
The fireside surface should also be thoroughly cleaned so that metal surfaces, welds, joints, tube ends, fittings
and any previous repairs can be readily checked.
Be sure that steam valves, and valves to expansion tank (hot water), feedwater valves, blowoff valves, all fuel
valves, and electrical switches are shut off prior to opening handholes, manhole, and front or rear doors. Ade-
quately vent the pressure vessel prior to entry.
Clean out the low-water cutoff piping, the water level controls and cross-connecting pipes. Replace the water
gauge glass and clean out the water cocks. Also check and clean the drain and the blowdown valves and piping.
Check all water and steam piping and valves for leaks, wear, corrosion, and other damage. Replace or repair as
required.
3.9 — Preparation for Extended Layup

Many boilers used for seasonal loads or for standby service may have extended periods of non-use. Special atten-
tion must be given to idle boilers so that neither waterside nor fireside surfaces are allowed to deteriorate from
corrosion.
There are two methods of storage: wet or dry. Your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative can recom-
mend the better method depending upon circumstances in the particular installation.
Although pollution control regulations may continue to limit the permissible sulphur content of fuel oils, care
must be taken to avoid corrosion problems that sulphur can cause, especially in a boiler that is seasonally shut
750-368 3-13
Waterside Care
down. Dormant periods, and even frequent shutdowns, expose the fireside surfaces to condensation below the
dew point during its off cycle. Moisture and any sulphur residue can form an acid solution. Under certain condi-
tions, and especially in areas with high humidity, the corrosive effect of the acid will be serious enough to eat
through or severely damage boiler tubes or other metal heating surfaces during the time that a boiler is out of
service.
The condition does not generally occur during normal firing operation, because the high temperature of operation
vaporizes any condensation. However, proper boiler operation must be maintained, especially with a hot water
boiler, to prevent the flue gases from falling below the dew point.
At the start of layup, thoroughly clean the fireside by removing any soot or other products of combustion from the
tubes, tube sheets, and other fireside surfaces. Brushing will generally suffice. Sweep away or vacuum any accu-
mulation. The fireside surfaces may be flushed with water. However, all moisture must be eliminated after flush-
ing and the surface dried by blowing air or applying some form of heat. It is good practice to protect the cleaned
surfaces by coating them with an anti-corrosive material to prevent rust.
Swing open the boiler head at the stack end of the unit to prevent flow of warm, moist air through the boiler
tubes.
To prevent condensation from forming in the control cabinet, keep the control circuit energized. For extended
layup periods, especially where high humidity or large swings in ambient temperature occur, the control should
be removed and stored in a dry atmosphere.
Dry storage is generally employed when the boiler will be out of service for a significant period of time, or where
freezing temperatures may exist. In the dry storage method the boiler must be thoroughly dried because any
moisture would cause corrosion. Both fireside and waterside surfaces must be cleaned of all scale, deposits,
soot, etc. Steps must be taken to eliminate moisture by placing moisture-absorbing materials such as quick lime
(at 2 pounds for 3 cubic feet of volume) or silica gel (at 5 pounds for 30 cubic feet of volume) on trays inside the
vessel. Fireside surfaces may be coated with an anti-corrosive material, grease or tar paint. Refractories should
be brushed clean and wash-coated. All openings to the pressure vessel, such as manhole and handholes, should
be shut tightly. Feedwater and steam valves should be closed. Damper and vents should be closed to prevent air
form reaching fireside surfaces. Periodic inspection should be made and absorption materials renewed.
Wet storage is generally used for a boiler held in standby condition or in cases where dry storage is not practical.
The possibility of freezing temperatures must be considered. Care must again be taken to protect metal surfaces.
Variables preclude definite recommendations. However, it is suggested that the pressure vessel be drained, thor-
oughly cleaned internally, and re-filled to overflowing with treated water. If deaerated water is not available, the
unit should be fired to boil the water for a short period. Additional chemicals may be suggested by your local
Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative to minimize corrosion. Internal water pressure should be maintained at
greater than atmospheric pressure. Nitrogen is often used to pressurize the vessel.
3-14 750-368
CHAPTER 4 Sequence of Operation
4.1 — Overview
This chapter outlines the electrical sequencing of various controls through the pre-purge, ignition, run, and shut-
down cycles of the burner.
NOTE: The intent of this section is to provide a general overview of a typical boiler operating sequence. Specific con-
trol circuit components/interlocks, and control system hardware and programming may vary depending on installa-
tion. Please refer to the wiring diagram prepared by Cleaver-Brooks for your specific installation.
The burner and control system are in starting position when the following conditions exist:
• Boiler water is up to the correct level, closing the low-water cutoff switch, and the auxiliary low water cutoff,
if applied.
• The low-water light (panel) is off.
• The operating limit pressure control (steam boiler) or the operating limit temperature control (hot water boiler)
and high limit pressure or temperature control switches are closed.
• All other limit circuit switches are closed.
• All entrance panel switches are closed and power is present at the line terminals corresponding to:
a. Blower motor starter.
b. Air compressor motor starter (if provided).
c. Oil pump motor starter (if provided).
• The load demand light is on.
Chapters 5 and 6 contain operating instructions and specific information on setting and adjusting the controls.
750-368 4-1
Sequence of Operation
4.2 — Circuits and Interlocks

The burner control circuit is a two-wire system designed for 115 VAC, 60 Hz, single-phase power.
The electrical portion of the boiler is made up of individual circuits with controls that are wired in a manner
designed to provide a safe system. The program relay (standardly the CB780E) provides connection points for
the interconnection of the various circuits.
The controls used vary depending upon the fuel burned and the requirements of applicable regulatory bodies.
Refer to the boiler wiring diagram to determine the actual controls provided. The circuits and controls normally
used are listed below and are referred to in the following sequence of operation. Components may vary.
Circuit Components/Controls
Limit Circuit • Burner Switch (BS)
• Operating limit control (OLC) - pressure or temperature
• High limit control (HLC) - pressure or temperature
• Low-water cutoff (LWCO - Level Master)
• Gas-oil selector switch (GOS) - combination burner only
• Oil drawer switch (ODS) - oil burner
• Low gas pressure switch (LGPS)
• High gas pressure switch (HGPS)
• Fuel valve interlock circuit
• Main gas valve auxiliary switch (MGVAS)
• Oil valve auxiliary switch (OVAS)
Blower Motor Starter Circuit • Blower motor starter (BMS)
• Combustion air proving switch (CAPS)
• Atomizing air proving switch (AAPS) - if provided
Running Interlock Circuit • Blower motor starter interlock (BMSI)
• Combustion air proving switch (CAPS)
• Atomizing air proving switch (AAPS) - if provided
Running Interlock and Limit Circuit • Low oil pressure switch (LOPS)
• High oil pressure switch (HOPS)
• High oil temperature switch (HOTS)
• Auxiliary low-water cutoff (ALWCO)
Pilot Ignition Circuit • Gas pilot valve (GPV)
• Ignition transformer (IT)
• Gas pilot vent valve (GPVV) - if provided
Flame Detector Circuit • Flame detector (FD)
• Main fuel valve circuit
• Man gas valve (MGV)
• Man gas vent valve (MGVV) - if provided
• Oil valve (OV)
• Main fuel valve light FVL)
4-2 750-368
4.3 — Firing Rate Controls
To comply with requirements of insurance underwriters such as Factory Mutual (FM), XL GAP, or others, addi-
tional interlock devices may be used in addition to the circuits identified in section 4.2.
For additional information see the CB780E manual, 750-234.
4.3 — Firing Rate Controls

The Cleaver-Brooks Hawk boiler control system comprises two primary subsystems: flame supervision/burner
sequencing, and modulation or firing rate control. Upon establishment of main flame, the program relay
(CB780E) relinquishes control to the Hawk modulation controls. Modulated firing is accomplished by sending
Modbus signals from the Hawk controls to the separately driven air, fuel, and FGR actuators.
Components/Controls
• Low Fire Relay (LFR)
• High Fire Relay (HFR)
• Release to Modulate Relay (RMR)
• Air Actuator
• Fuel 1 Actuator
• Fuel 2 Actuator (combination burners)
• FGR Actuator
4.4 — Sequence of Operation: Gas or Oil

On a combination fuel unit, the gas/oil switch must be set for the proper fuel.
The following sequence occurs with power present at the program relay input terminals and with all other operat-
ing conditions satisfied.
4.4.1 — Pre-Purge Cycle

When the Burner Switch (BS) is turned ON, and controls in the Limit and Fuel Valve Interlock circuits are closed
and no flame signal is present, the Blower Motor Start circuit is powered, energizing the blower motor starter
(BMS). The load demand light (LDL) turns on. When firing oil, the air compressor motor starter (ACMS) (if pro-
vided) is also powered.
At the same time, the air damper actuator will drive the damper to its fully open or high fire position. Opening the
damper allows a flow of purging air through the boiler prior to the ignition cycle.
The High Fire Relay (HFR) will prove that the damper actuator has driven the damper to the open position during
the pre-purge cycle.
The controls wired into the Running Interlock circuit must be closed within 10 seconds after the start sequence.
In the event any of the controls are not closed at this time, or if they subsequently open, the boiler will go into a
safety shutdown.
750-368 4-3
At the completion of the high fire purge period, the damper actuator will drive the air damper to its low fire posi-
tion.
To assure that the system is in low fire position prior to ignition, the Low Fire Relay (LFR) must be closed to
complete the low fire proving circuit. Once the low fire switch is closed, the sequence is allowed to continue.
4.4.2 — Ignition Cycle
NOTE: The ignition trial cannot be started if flame or a flame simulating condition is sensed during the pre-purge
period. A safety shutdown will occur if flame is sensed at this time.
The ignition transformer (IT) and gas pilot valve (GPV) are energized from the appropriate pilot ignition terminal.
The pilot flame must be established and proven by the flame detector (FD) within a 10 second period in order for
the ignition cycle to continue. If for any reason this does not happen, the system will shut down and safety lock-
out will occur.
NOTE: If the main flame does not light, or stay lit, the fuel valve will close. The safety switch will trip to lock out the
control. Refer to flame loss sequence (Section 4.5) for description of action.
With a proven pilot, the man fuel valve(s) (OV or MGV) is energized and the main fuel valve light (FVL) in the
panel is lit. The main flame is ignited and the trial period for proving the main flame begins. It lasts 10 seconds
for light oil and natural gas. At the end of the proving period, if the flame detector still detects main flame, the
ignition transformer and pilot valve are de-energized and pilot flame is extinguished.
NOTE: Depending upon the requirements of the regulatory body, insurer, or fuel being burned, either the 10 or 15
second pilot ignition terminal may be used. Both provide the same function but differ in time interval allowed for
proving main flame ignition. Refer to the boiler wiring diagram.
! Warning
The cause for loss of flame or any other unusual condition should be investigated and corrected before attempting to
restart. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
4.4.3 — Run Cycle

With main flame established, the Release to Modulate Relay (RMR) switches operation to the Hawk firing rate
controls. Depending on the selection AUTO or MANUAL, control is accomplished through the Hawk HMI (man-
ual mode) or automatically based on the modulation signal and the current Hawk combustion settings.
The actuators for fuel, air, and FGR are positioned independently via Modbus signal.
The burner starting cycle is now complete. the LDL and FVL lights on the panel remain lit. Demand firing contin-
ues as required by load conditions.
4-4 750-368
4.5 — Flame Loss Sequence
4.4.4 — Burner Shutdown: Post-Purge
NOTE: Normal operation of the burner should be with the controls in the automatic mode and under the direction of
the modulating signal. The manual mode is provided for initial adjustment of the burner over the entire firing range.
When a shutdown occurs while operating in the manual mode at other than low fire, the damper will not be in a
closed position, thus allowing more air than desired to flow through the boiler. Excess air flow subjects the pressure
vessel metal and refractory to undesirable conditions.
The burner will fire until steam pressure or water temperature in excess of demand is generated. With modulated
firing, the actuators should return to their low fire positions before the operating limit control (OLC) opens. When
the limit control circuit is opened, the following sequence occurs:
The main fuel valve circuit is de-energized, causing the main fuel valve (MGV or OV) to close. The flame is extin-
guished. The control panel lights (LDL and FVL) are turned off. The blower motor continues to run to force air
through the boiler for the post-purge period.
The blower motor start circuit is de-energized at the end of the post-purge cycle and the shutdown cycle is com-
plete.
The program relay is now ready for subsequent recycling, and when steam pressure or water temperature drops
to close the contacts of the operating control, the burner again goes through its normal starting and operating
cycle.
4.5 — Flame Loss Sequence

The program relay will recycle automatically each time the operating control closes, or after a power failure. It
will lock out following a safety shutdown caused by failure to ignite the pilot or the main flame, or by loss of
flame. Lockout will also occur if flame or flame simulating condition occurs during the pre-purge period.
The control will prevent startup or ignition if limit circuit controls or fuel valve interlocks are open. The control will
lock out upon any abnormal condition affecting air supervisory controls wired in the running interlock circuit.
! Caution
The lockout switch must be manually reset following a safety shutdown. The cause for loss of flame or any unusual
condition should be investigated and corrected before attempting to restart. Failure to follow these instructions could
cause damage to the equipment.
1. No pilot flame: The pilot flame must be ignited and proven within a 10-second period after the ignition cycle
begins. If not proven within this period, the main fuel valve circuit will not be powered and the fuel valve(s)
will not be energized. The ignition circuit is immediately de-energized and the pilot valve closes, the reset
switch lights and lockout occurs immediately. The blower motor will continue to operate.
The flame failure light and the alarm bell (optional) are energized 10 seconds later.
The blower motor will be de-energized. The lockout switch must be manually reset before operation can be
resumed.
2. Pilot but no main flame: When the pilot flame is proven, the main fuel valve circuit is energized. Depending
upon the length of the trial-for-ignition period, the pilot flame will be extinguished 10 or 15 seconds later. The
750-368 4-5
flame detecting circuit will respond to de-energize the main fuel valve circuit within 2 to 4 seconds to stop the
flow of fuel. The reset switch lights and lockout occurs immediately. The blower motor will continue to oper-
ate.
The flame failure light and alarm bell (optional) are energized 10 seconds later.
resumed.
3. Loss of flame: If a flame outage occurs during normal operation and/or the flame is no longer sensed by the
detector, the flame relay will trip within 2 to 4 seconds to de-energize the fuel valve circuit and shut off the
fuel flow. The reset switch lights and lockout occurs immediately. The blower motor continues operation. The
flame failure light and alarm bell (optional) are energized 10 seconds later.
resumed.
The program relay has the capability to self-diagnose and to display a code or message that indicates the failure
condition. Refer to the control manual for specifics and suggested remedies. Familiarity with the program relay
and other controls in the system can be obtained by studying the contents of the appropriate manuals.
Knowledge of the system and its controls will make troubleshooting much easier. Costly downtime or delays can
be prevented by systematic checks of the actual operation against the normal sequence to determine the stage at
which performance deviates from normal. Following a routine may possibly eliminate overlooking an obvious
condition, often one that is relatively simple to correct.
Remember, a safety device, for the most part, is doing its job when it shuts down or refuses to operate. Never
attempt to circumvent any of the safety features.
Preventive maintenance and scheduled inspection of all components should be followed. Periodic checking of
the relay is recommended to see that a safety lockout will occur under conditions of failure to ignite either pilot or
main flame, or from loss of flame.
4-6 750-368
CHAPTER 5 Starting and Operating
Instructions
5.1 — General Preparation for Startup: All Fuels
! Warning
It is recommended that the starting instructions be read completely until they are thoroughly understood before
attempting to operate the boiler, rather than performing each operation as it is read for the first time. Failure to follow
these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
Instructions in this chapter are based upon installation being complete and all electrical, fuel, water, and vent
stack connections are made.
The operator should be familiar with the burner, boiler, and all controls and components. To quickly locate and
identify the various controls and components mentioned in this chapter, refer to the illustrations and the contents
of Chapters 1, 2, and 3. Instructions for adjusting major components are given in Chapter 6, and these instruc-
tions should be reviewed prior to firing. The wiring diagram should also have been studied, along with the firing
sequence outlined in Chapter 4.
Verify supply of fuel and proper voltage. Check for blown fuses, open circuit breakers, dropped out overloads, etc.
Check reset of all starters and controls having manual reset features. Check the lockout switch on the program-
mer and reset if necessary.
! Warning
Prior to firing a boiler, be sure that discharge piping from safety valves or relief valves, and discharge piping from all
blowdown and drain valves, is piped to a safe point of discharge, so that emission of hot water or steam cannot pos-
sibly cause injury. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
The boiler should be filled with water to the proper operating level using water of ambient temperature. Be sure
that treated feedwater is available and used. In heating applications, the entire system should be filled and
vented. Refer to Chapter 3 for water requirements. On a steam boiler, open the test valve to vent air displaced
during filling. Leave the test valve open until steam is noted after the burner is operating.
750-368 5-1
Starting and Operating Instructions
Check for rotation of all motors by momentarily closing the motor starter or relay. The blower impeller rotation is
counterclockwise when viewed from the front of the boiler. The air pump rotation is clockwise when viewed from
the drive end.
Before operating the boiler feed pump or oil supply pump, be sure all valves in the line are open or properly posi-
tioned.
For safety reasons, perform a final pre-startup inspection, especially checking for any loose or incomplete piping
or wiring or any other situations that might present a hazard.
! Caution
The pressure vessel support legs are welded to mounting skids in front and secured by bolts at the rear of the pres-
sure vessel. The bolts are tightened for shipment. When the boiler is installed, and prior to initial firing, the bolts
securing the rear legs to the skid must be loosened to allow for expansion and contraction caused by differences in
temperature between pressure vessel and skids and to avoid damage to the equipment.
5.2 — Control Settings: Steam and Hot Water

See Chapter 6 for adjustment instructions for the following controls. Inspect the operating limit control for proper
setting as follows:
1. The operating pressure control of a steam boiler should be set slightly above the highest desired steam pres-
sure, but at least 15% lower than the setting of the safety valve.
2. The temperature operating control on a hot water boiler should be set slightly above the highest desired water
temperature and within the limits of the pressure vessel.
Inspect the high limit control for proper setting as follows:

3. On a high pressure steam boiler, the high limit control should be set approximately 10 psig above the operat-
ing limit pressure control setting, if feasible, or midway between the operating limit pressure and the safety
valve setting. The setting on a low pressure steam boiler may be 2 or 3 psig above the operating limit setting,
but must not exceed the safety valve setting.
4. On a hot water boiler, the high limit temperature control should be 5º F to 10º F above the operating limit
temperature control setting but within the limits of the design pressure of the pressure vessel.
NOTE: The settings of all the above controls may require some readjustment after the boiler is started and running
for a short period. The scale settings on the controls are relatively accurate, but are principally for use as guides.
Final adjustment should be based on and agree with the reading of the steam pressure gauge or the water tempera-
ture thermometer.
Inspect the low-water cutoff and pump control as well as the auxiliary low-water cutoff (if so equipped). See
manual 750-281 for complete information on the CB Level Master.
In the event the boiler is equipped with optional control devices not listed here, be certain to ascertain that their
settings are correct. If additional information is required, see your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative
or contact Cleaver-Brooks.
5-2 750-368
5.3 — Gas Pilot
On initial startup or whenever the boiler is placed into operation from a “cold” start, the manual-automatic selec-
tor should be set at “manual”. After the boiler is in operation and thoroughly warmed, the selector switch should
be turned to “automatic,” so that the burner firing rate may be controlled automatically in accordance with load
demands.
5.3 — Gas Pilot

The gas pilot should be checked for satisfactory performance prior to initial firing. Follow the pilot flame adjust-
ment instructions provided in Chapter 6.
On initial starting attempts, several efforts might be required to fully bleed the pilot line. While checking pilot
adjustment, observe whether the pilot flame is extinguished promptly when the burner switch is opened. A lin-
gering flame indicates a leaking gas pilot valve, which is a condition requiring correction before proceeding.
5.4 — Atomizing Air

The supply and pressure of the atomizing air on an oil-fired burner should be checked. Before starting, inspect
the oil pump lube oil level. Add oil if necessary to bring the level to the mid-point or slightly higher in the sight
glass. Use SAE 20 detergent oil of a grade mentioned in Chapter 8 and fill in accordance with instructions given
there.
100-800HP 900-1200HP
FIGURE 5-1. Oil gauge glass
To verify air flow and pressure, place the burner run/test switch on the flame safeguard to the “test” position. If
the burner is a combination fuel burner, be sure that the gas/oil selector switch is set to “oil.” Turn the burner
switch on. The burner will cycle to the low-fire pre-purge position and stop there.
Observe the reading on the air pressure gauge. With no oil flow, the pressure should be a minimum of 7 psi.
750-368 5-3
If there is no pressure, determine the cause and correct it before proceeding. Check for obstructions in the air
inlet line, incorrect rotation (remember, air pump rotation is clockwise), or a loose oil nozzle or other leaks. If the
pressure is much higher without any oil flow, check for obstruction in the discharge line or at the oil nozzle.
NOTE: Abnormally high pressure indicated on the nozzle air pressure gauge is an indication that the burner nozzle
has become clogged. In the event of clogging, check the nozzle and clean as necessary.
The air pressure will increase when an oil flow exists. At low firing rate, the air pressure may rise to 12 psi or
more.
! Caution
The air pressure should not exceed 35 psi at high-fire. Greater air pressure causes excessive wear of the air pump,
increases lube oil usage, and can overload the motor, thus causing damage to the equipment.
After air flow has been verified, turn the burner switch off and return the run/test switch to the “run” position.
5.5 — Firing Preparations for No. 2 Oil (Series 100-200)

Prior to initial firing, oil flow and pressure should be established and
verified. Atomizing air pressure should also be established as outlined
in Section 5.4. The schematic flow diagram in Chapter 2 indicates
the flow of fuel and atomizing air.
If the burner is a combination fuel model, be certain that the main

gas shutoff cock is closed and set the gas/oil selector switch to “oil.”
Insert the burner drawer gun into its most forward position and latch
it in place, closing the oil drawer switch.
FIGURE 5-2. Oil Gun Locked in Firing Position
If the oil supply tank is located above the level of the pump and flow to the pump is by gravity, then it will usually
be necessary to vent the suction line to allow oil to fill the line. Venting the suction line can generally be accom-
plished by cracking a union fitting, or by opening the cap of the oil strainer using care to prevent spillage of oil.
Tighten the fitting or the cap as soon as oil flow appears.
If the oil supply tank is below the level of the oil pump, it is mandatory that the suction line to the pump be com-
pletely filled with oil prior to starting the pump to avoid the possibility of damage to the pump gears. Non-lubri-
cating fluids such as kerosene should not be used for priming.
Prior to priming the suction line and the initial start, check to make certain that all plugs, connections, etc., have
been securely tightened to prevent leaks.
If the fuel oil supply originates from a pressurized loop, it is assumed that the pressure of the loop will be at a
minimum of 75 psi. Under these conditions, the relief valve at the terminal block should be adjusted to the point
5-4 750-368
5.5 — Firing Preparations for No. 2 Oil (Series 100-200)
where it becomes inoperative (or removed and openings plugged). To render inoperative, turn the adjusting screw
in as far as possible.
A standardly equipped boiler has a selector switch incorporated in the oil pump motor starter. Momentarily ener-
gize the starter to check for proper pump rotation. With the rotation verified, operate the pump to determine that
oil circulation exists. Observe the oil burner pressure gauge for indication that flow is established. If no pressure
shows on the gauge after a few moments, stop the oil pump and re-prime. If the supply tank is lower than the
pump, it is possible that the initial priming of the suction line, followed by operation of the pump, will not estab-
lish oil flow. This might be caused by obstruction in the suction line, excessive lift, inadequate priming, suction
line leaks, etc. If oil flow is not readily established, avoid prolonged operation of the pump to minimize risk of
damage to internal parts of the pump. If oil flow is not established after a second or third priming attempt, a full
investigation is required to determine the cause.
A vacuum (or a compound pressure-vacuum) gauge should be installed at the suction port of the pump and its
reading observed and recorded for future guidance. If a vacuum condition exists, the reading will reveal the tight-
ness of the system. It is advisable to maintain the vacuum reading at less than 10” Hg. A vacuum in excess off
10” Hg may allow oil to vaporize, causing cavitation, loss of prime, and an unstable firing condition.
Oil supply pressure is regulated by adjusting the pressure relief

Pressure Gauge
valve at the oil terminal block. A pressure gauge should be
installed in the terminal block and the relief valve adjusted to
Relief Valve
obtain a minimum reading of 75 psi when the burner is firing at
maximum rate.
FIGURE 5-3. Oil Terminal Block
Adjustment may also be required to the regulator on the fuel oil controller. The pressure regulating valve is
equipped with tubing that directs and adds atomizing air pressure to the adjustable spring pressure. Since the air
pump is not running at this time, only tentative adjustment can be made. Without the air supply, adjust the fuel
oil pressure regulator so that the oil burner gauge registers approximately 35 psi.
The pressure gauge will indicate a higher reading when air is present and the flame exists and will increase as
the firing rate increases. After the burner is firing and when the air pump is running, final adjustment can be
made at the fuel oil controller.
750-368 5-5
FIGURE 5-4. Fuel Oil Actuator
When all the conditions covered above and in Sections 5.1-5.5 are assured, the burner is ready for firing. Refer
to Section 5.8 for further starting and operating information.
5.6 — Firing Preparations for Gas (Series 200-700)

• Prior to initial starting, check the linkage attached to the gas butterfly valve to assure that movement is free
from binding.
• Verify the presence and availability of gas. On a new installation, representatives of the gas utility should be
present when gas first flows into the system to supervise purging of the new gas line, unless they have already
done so.
• Determine that the pilot is operating properly, as outlined in Section 5.3.
• Determine that sufficient pressure exists at the entrance to the gas train by installing a test gauge downstream
of the regulator.
• The gas pressure regulator must be adjusted to the proper pressure level. Since the regulator is generally sup-
plied by others, adjustment should proceed according to instructions supplied by its manufacturer.
It is necessary for the operator to know the burner requirements in gas quantity and pressure.
The information can generally be found on the Dimension Diagram (DD) supplied by Cleaver-Brooks for the spe-
cific installation. Should the information not be readily available, consult the Cleaver-Brooks Service Department
and be ready to provide the boiler serial number.
Chapter 6 contains additional information along with standard gas flow and pressure requirements.
5-6 750-368
5.6 — Firing Preparations for Gas (Series 200-700)
•If the burner is a combination fuel model, set the gas/oil switch to
“gas.” Withdraw the oil burner gun and latch it in its rearward (lockout)
position.
•On initial startup, it is recommended that the main gas shutoff cock
remains closed until the programmer has cycled through pre-purge and
pilot sequences. When the fuel light on the control panel comes on,
observe the action of the motorized gas valve stem to determine that it
opens when energized.
FIGURE 5-5. Oil Gun in the Lock-Out Position
As soon as it is confirmed, turn the burner switch “off” and let the programmer finish its cycle. Check that the
gas valve has closed. Again, turn the burner “on.” When the fuel valve light glows, slowly open the main gas
cock. Main flame should ignite unless there is air present in the line. If the flame is not established within about
5 seconds, turn the burner switch “off” and allow the programmer to recycle normally for a new lighting trial.
Several efforts may be necessary to “bleed” air from the line.
! Warning
Do not repeat unsuccessful lighting attempts without re-checking the burner and pilot adjustments. Failure to follow
NOTE: The burner and control system are designed to provide a pre-purge period of fan operation prior to establish-
ing ignition spark and pilot flame. Do not attempt to circumvent this feature.
Once the main flame is established, turn the burner

switch to the “off” position and observe that the
flame is extinguished promptly. The flame may con-
tinue to burn for a second or two after normal shut-
down due to the gas remaining downstream from the
fuel valve. If the flame continues to burn for a longer
period or during blower motor spindown, it could
indicate a main gas valve leak. Immediately turn the
burner switch “off” and close the main gas cock.
Investigate and correct the cause of the valve leakage
before relighting the burner.
FIGURE 5-6. Gas Train and Shutoff Cock
The main gas valve should provide a tight seal, if nothing prevents tight closure. Foreign material may be present
in either the new or renovated gas lines unless adequate care is taken in cleaning and purging.
When the conditions covered above in Section 5.1 - 5.6 are assured, the burner is ready for firing.
750-368 5-7
5.7 — Startup, Operating, and Shutdown: All Fuels

Depending upon the fuel being burned, the applicable pervious sections in this chapter should be reviewed for
preliminary instructions.
When firing with oil, be certain that the burner gun is in its most forward position and latched in place. When fir-
ing with gas, the burner gun should be properly withdrawn and latched in place. The fuel selector switch should
be, accordingly, set to either oil or gas.
Set the AUTO/MANUAL control to MANUAL.
Turn the burner switch ON. The load demand light should glow. The low-water level light should remain out,
indicating a safe water level in the boiler. The programmer is now sequencing.
! Warning
Do not relight the pilot or attempt to start the main burner, either oil or gas, if the combustion chamber is hot and/or
if gas or oil vapor combustion gases are present in the furnace or flue passages. Failure to follow these instructions
could result in serious injury or death.
NOTE: On an initial starting attempt, several efforts might be required to accomplish “bleeding” of fuel lines, main or
pilot. If ignition does not then occur, do not repeat unsuccessful attempts without rechecking the burner and pilot
adjustment.
On ignition failure, the flame failure light will glow and the blower will purge the boiler of unburned fuel vapors
before stopping. After ignition failure, wait a few moments before resetting the lockout switch.
! Warning
The burner and control system is designed to provide a “pre-purge” period of fan operation prior to establishing igni-
tion spark and pilot flame. Do not attempt to alter the system or take any action that might circumvent the “pre-
purge” feature. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
After main flame ignition, the burner should be set on manual control at its low-fire setting (with manual flame
control at “close”) until the boiler is properly warmed. Close the steam header.
In the case of a steam boiler, close the vent valve when the steam begins to appear.
A hot water boiler must have a continuous flow of system water through the vessel during the warm-up period.
The entire water content of the system and boiler must be warmed prior to increasing fuel input.
If the flame at low-fire provides insufficient heat to reach normal operating pressure or temperature after 30 min-
utes, gradually increase the firing rate by turning the manual flame control in one point increments to no higher
than the third cam screw. Operate at the increased fuel input rate for a period of time until an increase is noted
in pressure or temperature.
5-8 750-368
5.7 — Startup, Operating, and Shutdown: All Fuels
After the boiler is thoroughly warmed, turn the manual flame control to high fire. At this point a combustion anal-
ysis should be made, with instruments, and fuel flow regulated as required. Refer to the adjustment procedures
in Chapter 6. After making the high-fire adjustment, manually decrease the firing rate, stopping at each cam
screw to analyze combustion gases, and adjust as required.
To properly perform the testing and adjusting, it is necessary that the burner be allowed to fire at a maximum
rate long enough to achieve desired results.
5.7.1 — Operating
Normal operation of the burner should be with the controls in automatic mode. Manual mode is provided for ini-
tial adjustment of the burner over the entire firing range. When a shutdown occurs while operating in manual at
other than low-fire, the damper will not be in a closed position, thus allowing more air than desired to flow
through the boiler. The hot flame to cool air cycling subjects the pressure vessel metal and refractory to undesir-
able stresses.
With the controls in AUTO, the burner will operate on a modulating basis according to the load demand.
The burner will continue to operate with modulated firing until the operating limit pressure or temperature is
reached, unless:
1. The burner is manually turned “off.”
2. The low-water condition is detected by low-water level control.
3. The electrical or fuel supply is interrupted.
4. The combustion air pressure or atomizing air pressure drops below minimum level.
NOTE: There can be other reasons for shutdown such as motor overload, flame outage, tripped circuit breakers,
blown fuses, or through other interlock devices in the circuitry.
When the burner is shut down normally, by either the operating limit control or by manually switching the burner
off, the load demand light will turn off.
Shutdown through flame failure will actuate the flame failure light (and alarm, if so equipped) and the load
demand light will remain lit. The cause of this type of shutdown will have to be located, investigated, and cor-
rected before operation can be resumed.
5.7.2 — Shutdown
When the operating limit control setting is reached to open the circuit or if the burner switch is turned “off,” the
following sequence occurs:
1. The fuel valve is de-energized and the flame is extinguished.
2. The timer begins operation and the blower motor continues running to force air through the furnace in the
post-purge period.
3. At the end of the programmed post-purge period, the blower motor is turned off. The air pump motor of an oil
fired burner is also turned off.
4. The timer has returned to its original starting position and stops. The unit is ready to restart.
750-368 5-9
5.8 — Control Operational Checks

Proper operation of the various controls should be verified and tested when the boiler is initially placed into ser-
vice, or whenever a control is replaced. Periodic checks should be made thereafter in accordance with a planned
maintenance program.
The operating limit control may be checked by allowing steam pressure or water temperature to increase until
the burner shuts down. Depending upon the load, it may be necessary to manually increase the firing rate to
raise steam pressure to the burner shutoff point. If the load is light, the header valve can be closed or throttled
until the pressure increases. Observe the steam gauge to check the cutoff pressure as the operating limit control
shuts the burner down. Slowly open the header valve to release steam pressure and check the cut-in setting as
the burner restarts. Check the modulating control for the desired operating pressure range. See chapter 6 for
instructions on the adjustment of controls.
The water temperature on a hot water boiler that may be operating at less than full load may be raised by man-
ually increasing the firing rate until the burner shuts down through the action of the operating limit control.
Observe the thermometer to verify the desired settings at the point of cutout and again when the burner restarts.
Return the manual-automatic switch to “automatic” and check the modulating control for the desired tempera-
ture range. See Chapter 6 for instructions on the adjustment of the controls.
Check the proper operation and setting of the low-water cutoff (and pump operating control, if used). For CB
Level Master, see manual 750-281.
Proper operation of the flame failure device should be checked at startup and at least once a week thereafter.
Refer to Chapter 8 for information on flame safety checks. Check the program relay’s annunciation for any sys-
tem failure. Observe the promptness of ignition of the pilot flame and the main flame.
! Warning
It is advisable to check for tight shutoff of fuel valves. Despite the presence of strainers and other precautions, foreign
material in either new or renovated fuel lines may lodge under a valve seat and prevent tight closure. The situation is
especially true in new installations. Promptly correct any conditions causing leakage. Failure to follow these instruc-
tions could result in serious injury or death.
5-10 750-368
CHAPTER 6 Adjustment Procedures
6.1 — Overview
Each Cleaver-Brooks boiler is tested for correct operation before shipment from the factory. However, variable
conditions such as burning characteristics of the fuel and operating load conditions may require further adjust-
ment after installation to assure maximum operating efficiency and economy.
A combustion efficiency analysis made during the initial startup will help to determine what additional adjust-
ments are required in a particular installation.
Prior to placing the boiler into service, a complete inspection should be made of all controls, connecting piping,
wiring, and all fastenings such as nuts, bolts, and setscrews to be sure that no damage has occurred, or that
adjustments have not changed during shipment and installation.
The adjustment procedures in Chapter 6 apply to standard components furnished on steam or hot water boilers
fired with gas and/or light oil.
In order to reduce stress on boiler components and to improve boiler operating efficiency, burners have been
designed for enhanced fuel turndown capabilities.
Contact the local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative or the Cleaver-Brooks Service Department for recom-
mendations covering special controls that are not included in this chapter.
6.2 — Burner Operating Controls: General

The term ‘controls’ is used in this manual to refer to:
• The Operating Limit and High Limit controls, hardware devices which turn the boiler on and off according to
their respective switch settings.
• The Modulating and Flame Safeguard controls, which provide for modulated firing and burner sequencing/
flame supervision. On a standard CBEX Elite these functions are managed by the Hawk integrated control sys-
tem, comprising both hardware (PLC, Input/Output devices, and touchscreen HMI) and software (program-
ming for the PLC and HMI).
The limit controls are described below; for a complete description of the Hawk including adjustment procedures,
see the manual provided with the boiler control system.
750-368 6-1
Adjustment Procedures
NOTE: Adjustments to the boiler operating controls should be made by an authorized Cleaver-Brooks Service Techni-
cian. Refer to the appropriate boiler Operation and Maintenance manual for specific information on boiler startup and
operation.
1. Operating Limit Control: Senses pressure or temperature and automatically turns the burner on to initiate the
startup sequence when required and turns the burner off to initiate the shutdown sequence when the demand
is satisfied. The control must be set to initiate startup only at the low-fire position.
2. High Limit Control: Senses the steam pressure or hot water temperature. It is used as a safety limit to turn
the burner off in the event the operating limit control fails. The high limit control should be set sufficiently
above the operating limit control to avoid nuisance shutdowns, because it has a manual reset feature
When adjusting or setting controls, first be sure all control devices are securely mounted and level. With the tem-
perature sensing control, make sure the sensing bulb is properly bottomed in its well and is secured against
movement. Be sure the connecting tubing is not kinked.
The dial settings are generally accurate, although it is not unusual to have a slight variation between a scale set-
ting and an actual pressure gauge or thermometer reading. Always adjust control settings to agree with pressure
gauge or thermometer readings. Accurate instrument readings are required. When necessary use auxiliary test
equipment to set controls.
Burner controls correctly set to match load demands will provide operational advantages and achieve the follow-
ing desirable objectives:
• The burner will be operating in low-fire position prior to shutdown.
• The burner will operate at low-fire for a brief period on each start during normal operation.
• Eliminates frequent burner on-off cycling.
The Hawk system modulates the boiler firing rate according to stored combustion curves. The Firing Graph (Fig-
ure 6-1) depicts a typical setting relationship of the operating limit control, modulating control, and the high limit
control.
The burner will be “on” whenever the pressure or temperature is less than point B and “off” whenever pressure
or temperature is greater than point A. The distance between points A and B represents the “on-off” differential
of the operating limit control.
6-2 750-368
6.2 — Burner Operating Controls: General
FIGURE 6-1. Firing Graph
In normal operation, the burner will shut down whenever the pressure or temperature rises above setting A. At
that point the switch in the operating limit control will open. As the pressure or temperature drops back to B, the
operating limit control closes and the burner will restart. The boiler control system will signal the actuators to be
in a low-fire position. If the load demands exceed the low-fire input potential, the controls will increase the firing
rate proportionately as pressure or temperature falls toward point D. The controls will stop at any intermediate
point between C and D whenever the fuel input balances the load requirement.
As the load requirement changes, the firing rate will change accordingly. This it is referred to as modulated firing.
Point D represents the maximum firing rate of the burner, or high-fire. In the event pressure or temperature drops
while the burner is firing at high-fire, it indicates that the load exceeds the capacity of the boiler.
The Firing Graph shows that point B and point C do not coincide. Extreme load conditions could require the
points be closely matched.
When set as shown, with a time lag between B and C, the burner will be in a low-fire position upon a restart and
will fire at that rate for a short period of time before falling pressure or temperature requires an increase in the fir-
ing rate.
If points B and C overlap when restart occurs, the burner would drive to a higher firing position immediately after
the main flame was proven. It is therefore prudent to set the modulating control a few pounds or degrees below
the operating control allowing the Low Fire to “catch the load” before releasing to modulation.
750-368 6-3
Do not operate the boiler in excess of 90% of the safety valve relief setting. The closer the operating pressure is
to the safety valve relief pressure, the greater the possibility of valve leakage. Continued leakage, however slight,
will cause erosion and necessitate early safety valve replacement. The control settings on a hot water boiler must
be within the temperature limits of the boiler.
NOTE: On-off cycling in excess of 8 cycles per hour will shorten the life of the combustion air motor and cause exces-
sive wear on switch gear and pilot electrodes. It also substantially reduces fuel efficiency.
Ideally, the boiler operating controls should be set under actual load conditions. Especially under new construc-
tion conditions, the boiler is initially started and set to operate under less than full load requirements. As soon as
possible thereafter, the controls should be reset to provide maximum utilization of the modulating firing system.
To accomplish maximum utilization, and assuming that air/fuel combustion ratios have been set, make the
required adjustments to the controls to bring the boiler pressure or temperature up to meet the load require-
ments.
NOTE: It is not recommended that the boiler controls be set so as to overlap the modulation range and operating
control range.
Modulation settings should be adjusted under load conditions, until the load is maintained with the burner firing
at a steady rate. The firing rate at that point may be full high-fire or slightly less, depending upon the relationship
of the boiler size to the load.
NOTE: Rapid heat input can subject the pressure vessel metal and refractory to premature failure.
6.3 — Operating Limit Pressure Control

Set the “cutout” (burner off) pressure on the range scale using the large adjusting screw. The “cut-in” (burner on)
pressure is the cutout pressure minus the (fixed) differential. The cutout pressure should not exceed 90% of the
safety valve setting.
6.4 — High Limit Pressure Control

The high limit control provides a safety factor to shut the burner off in the event the operating limit control should
fail.
Set “cutout” (burner off) pressure on the main scale using the adjusting screw. The control will break a circuit
when pressure reaches this point. The setting should be sufficiently above the operating limit pressure control to
avoid nuisance shutdowns, and preferably not exceed 90% of safety valve setting.
The control requires manual resetting after tripping on a pressure increase. To reset, allow pressure to return to
normal and then press the reset button. Failure to do this will disallow restarting.
In the setting of the controls, consideration must be given to the time required for a burner restart. Each start
requires a pre-purge period, plus the fixed time required for proving the pilot and main flame. In addition,
approximately one-half minute is required for the damper actuator to travel from low- to high-fire. The time lag
may allow pressure or temperature to drop below desirable limits.
6-4 750-368
6.5 — Operating Limit Temperature Control: Hot Water
6.5 — Operating Limit Temperature Control: Hot Water

Set the “cutout” (burner off) temperature on the scale by inserting a screwdriver through the cover opening to
engage the slotted head adjusting screw. The “cut-in” (burner on) temperature is the cutout temperature minus
the differential.
6.6 — High Limit Temperature Control: Hot Water

Set the “cutout” (burner off) temperature on scale using the adjusting screw. The control will break the circuit
and lockout on a rise in water temperature above the setting. The setting should be sufficiently above the operat-
ing limit temperature to avoid unnecessary shutdowns. On a 30 psig hot water boiler, the setting is not to exceed
240º F. The control requires manual resetting after tripping on a temperature increase. To reset, allow the water
temperature to drop below the cutout setting less the differential, and then press the manual reset button. Failure
to do this will disallow restarting.
6.7 — Low Water Cutoff Devices: Steam and Hot Water

No adjustment is required since LWCO controls are preset. However, if the water
level is not maintained, inspect the devices immediately and replace as required.
6.8 — Combustion Air Proving Switch

Air pressure against the diaphragm actuates the switch which, when made, com-
pletes a circuit to prove the presence of combustion air. since the pressure of the
combustion air is at its minimum value when the damper is full open, the switch
should be adjusted under that situation. It should be set slightly below the mini-
mum pressure, but not too close to that point to cause nuisance shutdowns.
The run/test switch on the program relay should be set to “Test.” Turn the burner
switch on. The blower will start (provided that all limit circuits are completed)
and the programmer will remain in the low-fire (damper closed) portion of the
pre-purge.
FIGURE 6-3. Combustion Air Proving Switch
750-368 6-5
To have the modulating damper motor drive to high-fire (damper open), remove the cover from the motor and
remove the wire from terminal W.
Slowly turn down the air switch adjusting screw until it breaks the circuit. Here the programmer will lockout and
must be manually reset before it can be restarted. Add a half turn or so to the adjusting screw to remake its cir-
cuit.
Recycle the program relay to be sure that normal operation is obtained. Replace the wire on terminal W and re-
install the cover. Return the test switch to the “Run” position.
6.9 — Atomizing Air Proving Switch

The air pressure against the diaphragm actuates the switch which, when
closed, completes a circuit to prove the presence of atomizing air. Since the
pressure of the atomizing air is at its minimum value when there is no fuel
present at the nozzle, adjustment of the switch should be done while the unit
is running but not firing. The control should be set slightly below the mini-
mum pressure, but not too close to that point to cause nuisance shutdowns.
The control adjustment may be made during the pre-purge period of operation
by stopping the programmer during the pre-purge period through the use of
the Test switch. Refer to the control instruction bulletin for details.
FIGURE 6-4. Atomizing Air Proving Switch
NOTE: On an oil fired boiler, the atomizing air proving switch (AAPS) must also be closed. This is an automatic oper-
ation.
The adjustment screw of the atomizing air proving switch can then be adjusted until it breaks the circuit. Here,
the programmer will lockout and must be manually reset before it can be restarted. Turn the adjusting screw up
a half turn or so to remake the circuit.
After making the adjustment, recycle the control to be sure that normal operation is obtained. The Test switch
must be set to the “Run” position.
NOTE: On a combination fuel fired burner, firing gas, the fuel selector switch could be set to “gas” to eliminate the
atomizing air proving switch from the circuitry.
6.10 — Gas Pilot Flame Adjustment

The size of the gas pilot flame is regulated by adjusting the gas flow through the pilot gas regulator and the
adjusting cock. The flame must be sufficient to ignite the main flame and to be seen by the flame detector. But
an extremely large flame is not required. An overly rich flame can cause sooting or carbon buildup on the flame
detector. Too small a flame can cause ignition problems.
6-6 750-368
6.10 — Gas Pilot Flame Adjustment
Although it is possible to visibly adjust the size of the pilot flame, it is preferable to obtain a micro amp or voltage
reading of the flame signal.
The correct voltage or micro amp readings can be found in the information supplied with the flame safeguard
system.
The program relay used may be of the type that provides message infor-
mation that includes a constant flame signal of DC voltage. In this case a
separate DC voltmeter is not required.
To measure and adjust the pilot:

1.When making a pilot adjustment, turn the manual-automatic switch to
“manual”. Open both the pilot cutoff cock and the pilot adjusting cock.
The main gas cock should remain closed.
The regulator in the pilot line, if provided, is to reduce the gas pressure to
suit the pilot’s requirement of between 5” to 10” WC. Regulator adjust-
ment is not critical, however, with a lower pressure the final adjustment of
the pilot flame with the adjusting cock is less sensitive.
FIGURE 6-5. Gas Pilot Adjusting Cock and Electrode
2. Connect the micro-ammeter.

3. Turn the burner switch “on.” Let the burner go through the normal pre-purge cycle. When the ignition trial
period is signaled, set the Run/Test switch on the flame safeguard to the “Test” position to stop the sequence.
4. If the pilot flame is not established within 10 seconds, turn off the burner switch. Repeat the lighting attempt.
5. When the pilot flame is established, and with the pilot adjusting cock wide open, remove the flame detector
from the burner plate. The pilot flame can then be observed through this opening.
NOTE: On an initial starting attempt, portions of the fuel lines may be empty and require “bleeding” time. It is better
to accomplish this with repeated short lighting trial periods with intervening purge periods than to risk prolonged fuel
introduction. If the pilot does not light after several attempts, check all components of the pilot system.
! Warning
Wear a protective shield or suitable glasses and keep eyes sufficiently away from the sight tube opening. Never
remove the flame detector while the main burner is firing. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious
injury or death.
6. To make the final adjustment, slowly close the gas pilot adjusting cock until the flame can no longer be seen
through the sight tube. Then slowly open the cock until a flame providing full sight tube coverage is observed.
750-368 6-7
The adjustment must be accomplished within the time limit of the safety switch or approximately 30 seconds
after the detector is removed. If the control shuts down, manually reset it. Replace the detector and repeat the
process from step 5.
! Warning
When checking the pilot flame, be aware the electrode is energized. Failure to follow these instructions could result in
serious injury or death.
7. When a suitable flame as indicated in step 6 is obtained, replace the detector. Observe the reading on the
micro-ammeter. The reading should be between 2-1/4 and 5 micro amps when using a lead sulfide detector
and a standard amplifier. See the flame signal table in the manufacturer’s bulletin for values of other combi-
nations.
The flame signal indicated on the annunciator type relay should not be less than 5 Vdc, and may be as high
as 20 Vdc or greater.
The reading must be steady. If the reading fluctuates, recheck the adjustment. Be sure that the flame detector
is properly seated and that the lens is clean.
8. Return the Run/Test switch to the “Run” position.
9. If main flame has not been previously established, proceed to do so in accordance with instructions elsewhere
in the manual.
10. The reading of the main flame signal should also be checked. Observe the flame signal for pilot alone, pilot
and main burner flame together and the main burner flame at high, low, and intermediate firing rate positions.
Readings should be steady and in the range indicated in step 7. If there are any deviations, refer to the trou-
bleshooting section in the technical bulletin.
6.11 — Gas Pressure and Flow Information

Because of variables in both the properties of gas and the supply system, it will be necessary to regulate the
pressure of the gas to a level that produces a steady, dependable flame that yields the highest combustion effi-
ciency at rated performance yet prevents over-firing. Once the optimum pressure has been established, it should
be recorded and periodic checks made to verify that the regulator is holding the pressure at this level. Occasional
modification in fuel composition or pressure by the supplier may, at times, require readjustment to return the
burner to peak efficiency. Since the gas pressure regulator itself is usually furnished by others, detailed adjust-
ment instructions and adjusting procedures recommended by the manufacturer should be followed.
6.11.1 — Pressure
The gas supplied must provide not only the quantity of gas demanded by the unit, but must also be at a pressure
high enough to overcome the pressure loss due to the frictional resistance imposed by the burner system, control
valves, and piping.
The pressure required at the entrance to the burner gas train for rated boiler output is termed “net regulated pres-
sure.” The gas pressure regulator must be adjusted to achieve the pressure to assure full input.
The pressure requirement varies with boiler size, altitude, and type of gas train. Refer to Table 6.1 for pressure
requirements.
6-8 750-368
6.11 — Gas Pressure and Flow Information
TABLE 6-1. Minimum gas pressure required at entrance to regulator/gas valve
BOILER Combination Regulator PRESSURE

HP and Gas Valve Size (in) REQUIRED (“WC)
100 1.5 12.5
125 1.5 20
150 1.5 27.5
200 1.5 38.5
250 2 41
300 2 55
350 2 75.5
400 2 92
500 2.5 55
600 2.5 79
700 3 80.5
800 3 105
900 3 141
1000 3 175
1100 3 211
1200 3 251
The pressures listed are based on 1000 Btu/cu ft natural gas at elevations up to 700 feet above sea level. For
installation at higher altitudes, multiply the selected pressure by the proper factor from Table 6.2.
TABLE 6-2. Pressure/Altitude Correction Factors
Altitude Feet Above Sea

Level Correction Factor
1000 1.04
2000 1.07
2500 1.09
3000 1.11
4000 1.16
5000 1.21
6000 1.25
7000 1.30
8000 1.35
9000 1.40
NOTE: For undersized or oversized gas trains or altitudes above 9000 feet, contact your local Cleaver-Brooks repre-
sentative.
750-368 6-9
6.11.2 — Gas Flow

The volume of gas flow is measured in terms of cubic feet and is determined by a meter reading. The gas flow
rate required for maximum boiler output depends on the heating value (Btu/cu. ft.) of the gas supplied and boiler
efficiency. The supplying utility can provide the information.
INPUT = OUTPUT x 100%

EFFICIENCY
GAS FLOW = INPUT

GAS BTUs/FT3
= OUTPUT x 100
EFFICIENCY x GAS BTUs/FT3
6.11.3 — Pressure Correction

The flow rate is based on a “base” pressure, which is usually atmospheric or 14.7 psia.
Meters generally measure gas in cubic feet at “line” or supply pressure. The pressure at which each cubic foot is
measured and the correction factor for the pressure must be known in order to convert the quantity indicated by
the meter into the quantity which would be measured at “base” pressure.
To express the volume obtained from an actual meter reading into cubic feet at base pressure, it is necessary to
multiply the meter index reading by the proper pressure factor obtained from Table 6.3.
TABLE 6-3. Pressure Correction Factors

1 1.05
2 1.11
3 1.18
4 1.25
5 1.32
6 1.39
7 1.45
8 1.53
9 1.59
10 1.66
11 1.72
12 1.81
13 1.86
14 1.93
15 2.0
Conversely, to determine what the meter index reading should be in order to provide the volume of gas required
for input, divide the desired flow rate by the proper pressure correction factor. This answer indicates the number
of cubic feet at line pressure which must pass through the meter to deliver the equivalent number of cubic feet at
base pressure.
6-10 750-368
6.12 — Adjusting Combustion
As an example, assume that a 600 horsepower boiler is installed at 2,000 feet above sea level, is equipped with
a standard gas train and burner, and that 1,000 Btu natural gas is available with an incoming gas pressure of 3
psig. The pressure and flow requirements can be determined as follows:
Pressure
Correction for the 2,000 feet altitude must be made since altitude has a bearing on the net regulated gas pres-
sure. The standard gas train requires 37.5” WC gas pressure at sea level, Table 6.1. Table 6.2 indicates a correc-
tion factor of 1.07 for 2,000 feet. Multiplying the results in a calculated net regulated gas requirement of
approximately 40.1” WC. This is the initial pressure to which the regulator should be adjusted. Slight additional
adjustment can be made later, if necessary, to obtain the gas input needed for burner rating.
Flow
Since the gas flow rate is based on standard conditions of flow, correction must be made for the supply pressure
through the meter of 3 psig. Determine the flow rate by dividing the Btu content of the gas into the burner input,
Table 6.3, and “correct” this answer by applying the correction factor for 3 psig, Table 6.4.
Btu/hr input = CFH (Cubic feet/hour)

Btu/cu. ft.
or
25,100,000 = 25,100 CFH (at 14.7 lb, atmospheric base 1,000 pressure)
then
25,100 = 21,271 CFH

1.18
This is the CFH (at line pressure) that must pass through the meter so that the equivalent full input requirement
of 25,100 CFH (at base pressure) will be delivered.
6.11.4 — Checking Gas Flow

Your gas supplier can generally furnish a gas meter flow chart from which gas flow can be determined. After a
short observation period, the information aids in adjusting the regulator to increase or decrease flow as required
to obtain the rating.
The information given in this section is for all practical purposes sufficient to set and adjust controls for gas input.
Your gas supplier can, if necessary, furnish exact correction factors that take into consideration Btu content, exact
base pressure, specific gravity, temperature, etc., of the gas used.
6.12 — Adjusting Combustion
Combustion settings are made using the Hawk control system. Refer to manual included with the boiler con-
trols.
750-368 6-11
6.13 — Low Gas Pressure Switch

Adjust the scale setting to slightly below the normal burning pressure. The control circuit will be broken when
pressure falls below this point. Since gas line distribution pressure may decrease under some conditions, shut-
downs may result if the setting is too close to normal. However, regulations require that the setting may not be
less than 50% of the rated pressure downstream of the regulator. Manual resetting is necessary after a pressure
drop. Press the reset lever after pressure is restored.
FIGURE 6-6. Gas Train Pressure Switches
6.14 — High Gas Pressure Switch

Adjust the scale setting to slightly above the normal burning pressure. The control circuit will be broken when
pressure exceeds the normal operating pressure. Unnecessary shutdowns may result if the setting is too close to
normal, however, regulations require that the setting may not be greater than 150% of rated pressure.
Manual resetting is necessary after a pressure rise. Press the reset lever after pressure falls.
6-12 750-368
6.15 — Burner Drawer Adjustment
6.15 — Burner Drawer Adjustment

There are relatively few adjustments that can be made to the burner, however,
a check should be made to assure that all components are properly located,
and that all holding screws are properly tightened.
The diffuser location on gas fired boilers is important. There should be 1/4” dis-
tance between the edges of the diffuser fins and gas outlet tubes (spuds) com-
ing from the burner housing. The setting of an oil fired burner is less exacting
and the diffuser should be located with the diffuser skirt approximately 1-1/8”
in front of the oil nozzle.
When the proper diffuser location is ascertained, the setting of the nozzle in
relation to the diffuser should be checked. This generally is set at time of man-
ufacture and seldom needs altering. It is most important that oil spray does not
impinge upon the diffuser. The distance that the nozzle is behind the diffuser
has some latitude, and individual installation may require a slight deviation.
FIGURE 6-7. Burner Drawer Adjustments
Check the setting of the ignition electrode(s) for proper gap and position. Be sure that the porcelain insulator is
not cracked and that ignition cable connections are tight.
The oil nozzle tip should be seated tightly in the body with the swirler and
the seating spring in place.
Check to see that the flame detector sight tube and the gas pilot tube extend
through their respective openings in the diffuser face.
FIGURE 6-8. Gas Pilot Electrode
6.16 — Oil Drawer Switch

The integral contacts of the control are closed by proper positioning and latching of the oil nozzle lance in its for-
ward position. Adjustment of the switch must be such that its contacts open if the oil nozzle lance is not properly
positioned for oil firing. The switch is electrically removed from the circuit when a combination fuel burner is fired
on gas (fuel selector switch is in GAS position).
750-368 6-13
6-14 750-368
CHAPTER 7 Troubleshooting
Chapter 7 assumes that the unit has been properly installed and adjusted, and that it has been running for some
time. It is further assumed that the operator has become thoroughly familiar with both burner and manual by this
time. The points under each heading are set down briefly as possible causes, suggestions or clues to simplify
locating the source of trouble. Methods of correcting the trouble, once it has been identified, may be found else-
where in this manual.
! Warning
Troubleshooting should be performed only by personnel familiar with the equipment and who have read and under-
stood this manual. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
If the burner will not start or operate properly, the troubleshooting chapter should be referred to for assistance in
pinpointing problems that may not be readily apparent.
The program relay has the capability to self-diagnose and to display a code or message that indicates the failure
condition. Refer to the control bulletin for specifics and suggested remedies.
Knowledge of the system and its controls will make troubleshooting much easier and can be obtained by study-
ing the contents of this manual and others provided with the boiler. Costly downtime or delays can be prevented
by systematic checks of actual operation against the normal sequence to determine the stage at which perfor-
mance deviates from normal. Following a routine may possibly eliminate overlooking an obvious condition, often
one that is relatively simple to correct.
If an obvious cause for a problem is not apparent, check the continuity of the circuits with a voltmeter or test
lamp. Each circuit can be checked and the fault isolated and corrected. Most circuitry checking can be done
between appropriate terminals on the terminal boards in the control cabinet or the entrance box. Refer to the
schematic wiring diagram for terminal identification.
! Warning
Disconnect and lock out the main power supply in order to avoid the hazard of electrical shock. Failure to follow
750-368 7-1
Troubleshooting
7.1 — Problem-Cause Suggestions
Problem Possible Cause(s)

BURNER DOES NOT 1. No voltage at program relay power input terminals.
START A. Main disconnect switch open.
B. Blown control circuit fuse.
C. Loose or broken electrical connection.
2. Program relay (flame safeguard) safety switch requires resetting.
3. Limit circuit not completed - no voltage at end of limit circuit program
relay terminal.
A. Pressure or temperature is above setting of operation control.
(Load demand light will not glow.)
B. Water below required level.
1) Low-water light (and alarm horn) should indicate this condition.
2) Check manual reset button (if provided) on low-water control.
C. Fuel pressure must be within settings of low pressure and high
pressure switches.
D. Oil fired unit - burner gun must be in full forward position to close
oil drawer switch.
4. Fuel valve interlock circuit not completed.
A. Fuel valve auxiliary switch not closed.
NO IGNITION 1. Lack of spark.

A. Electrode grounded or porcelain cracked.
B. Improper electrode setting.
C. Loose terminal on ignition cable - or cable shorted.
D. Inoperative ignition transformer.
E. Insufficient or no voltage at pilot ignition circuit terminal.
2. Spark but no flame.
A. lack of fuel - no gas pressure, closed valve, empty tank, broken
line, etc.
B. Inoperative pilot solenoid.
C. Insufficient or no voltage at pilot ignition circuit terminal.
D. Too much air.
3. Low-fire switch open in low-fire proving circuit.
A. Damper motor not closed, slipped cam, defective switch.
B. Damper jammed.
4. Running interlock circuit not completed.
A. Combustion or atomizing air proving switches defective or not
properly set.
B. Motor starter interlock contact not closed.
5. Flame detector defective, sight tube obstructed, or lens dirty.
7-2 750-368
7.1 — Problem-Cause Suggestions
Problem Possible Cause(s)

PILOT FLAME, BUT NO 1. Insufficient pilot flame.
MAIN FLAME 2. Gas fired unit:
A. Manual gas cock closed.
B. Main gas valve inoperative.
C. Gas pressure regulator inoperative.
3. Oil fired unit:
A. Oil supply cut off by obstruction, closed valve, or loss of suction.
B. Supply pump inoperative.
C. No fuel.
D. Main oil valve inoperative.
E. Check oil nozzle, gun, and lines.
4. Flame detector defective, sight tube obstructed or lens dirty.
5. Insufficient or no voltage at main fuel valve circuit terminal.
BURNER STAYS IN LOW- 1. Manual-automatic switch in wrong position.

FIRE
SHUTDOWN OCCURS 1. Loss or stoppage of fuel supply.

DURING FIRING 2. Defective fuel valve, loose electrical connection.
3. Flame detector weak or defective.
4. Lens dirty or sight tube obstructed.
5. If the programmer lockout switch has not tripped, check the limit cir-
cuit for an opened safety control.
6. If the programmer lockout switch has tripped:
A. Check fuel lines and valves.
B. Check flame detector.
C. Check for open circuit in running interlock circuit.
D. The flame failure light is energized by ignition failure, main flame
failure, inadequate flame signal, or open control in the running
interlock circuit.
7. Improper air/fuel ratio (lean fire):
A. Slipping linkage.
B. Damper stuck open.
C. Fluctuating fuel supply:
1) Temporary obstruction in fuel line.
2) Temporary drop in gas pressure.
8. Interlock device inoperative or defective.
750-368 7-3
Troubleshooting
7-4 750-368
CHAPTER 8 Inspection and Maintenance
8.1 — Overview
A well-planned maintenance program will help avoid unnecessary down-time or costly repairs, promote
safety, and aid boiler inspectors. An inspection schedule with a listing of procedures should be established.
It is recommended that a boiler room log or record be maintained. Recording of daily, weekly, monthly,
semi-annually, and yearly maintenance activities provides a valuable guide and aids in obtaining economical
and reliable service from Cleaver-Brooks equipment. A boiler inspection schedule is shown in Table 8-1. It
is important to realize that the frequency of inspection will depend on variable conditions: such as load,
fuel, system requirements, boiler environment, etc.
Good housekeeping helps maintain a professional appearing boiler room. Only trained and authorized personnel
should be permitted to operate, adjust, or repair the boiler and its related equipment. The boiler room should be
kept free of all material and equipment not necessary to the operation of the boiler or heating system.
Even though the boiler has electrical and mechanical devices that make it automatic or semi-automatic in opera-
tion, the devices require systematic and periodic maintenance. Any automatic feature does not relieve the opera-
tor from responsibility, but rather frees the operator from certain repetitive chores providing time to devote to
upkeep and maintenance.
! Caution
Inspection and maintenance should be performed only by trained personnel who are familiar with this equipment.
Failure to follow these instruction could result in equipment damage.
Alertness in recognizing an unusual noise, improper gauge reading, leaks, etc., can make the operator aware of a
developing malfunction and permit prompt corrective action that may prevent extensive repairs or unexpected
downtime. Any leaks — fuel, water, steam, exhaust gas — should be repaired promptly and with due attention to
safety. Preventive maintenance measures, such as regularly checking the tightness of connections, locknuts, set-
screws, packing glands, etc., should be included in regular maintenance activities.
750-368 8-1
Inspection and Maintenance
TABLE 8-1. Recommended Boiler Inspection Schedule
Daily Monthly Semi-Annually Annually

Check water level Inspect burner Clean low water cutoff Clean fireside surfaces
Check combustion visually Inspect for flue gas leak Clean oil pump strainer, fil- Clean breeching
ter
Blow down boiler Inspect for hot spots Clean air cleaner and air/ Inspect waterside surfaces
oil separator
Blow down water column Check for tight closing of Inspect refractory Check operation of safety
fuel valves valves
Record feedwater pres- Check indicating lights and Remove and clean oil pre-
sure/temperature alarms heater
Record flue gas tempera- Check operating and limit Check air pump coupling
ture controls alignment
Record oil pressure and Check safety and interlock Inspect/repair burner hous-
temperatures controls ing to refractory seal
Record gas pressure Check for leaks, noise,
vibration, unusual condi-
tions, etc.
Treat water according to Check low water cutoff
the established program operation
Record atomizing air pres-
sure
8.1.1 — Periodic Inspection

Insurance regulations and local laws require periodic inspection of the pressure vessel by an authorized inspec-
tor. Inspections are usually, though not necessarily, scheduled for periods of normal boiler down time, such as an
off season. This major inspection can often be used to accomplish maintenance, replacement or repairs that can-
not easily be done at other times. Inspection also serves as a good basis for establishing a schedule for annual,
monthly, or other periodic maintenance programs.
While the inspection pertains primarily to the waterside and fireside surfaces of the pressure vessel, it provides
the operator an excellent opportunity for detailed inspection and check of all components of the boiler including
piping, valves, pumps, gaskets, refractory, etc. Comprehensive cleaning, spot painting or repainting, and the
replacement of expendable items should be planned for and taken care of during this time. Any major repairs or
replacements that may be required should also, if possible, be coordinated with the period of boiler shutdown.
NOTE: Replacement spare parts, if not on hand, should be ordered sufficiently prior to shutdown.
Cleaver-Brooks boilers are designed, engineered, and built to provide long life and excellent service. Good oper-
ating practices and conscientious maintenance and care will assure efficiency and economy from their operation,
and will contribute to many years of performance.
NOTE: To ensure proper operation, use only Cleaver-Brooks genuine parts. Contact your local Cleaver-Brooks repre-
sentative for parts information and ordering.
8-2 750-368
Fireside Cleaning
8.2 — Fireside Cleaning

Soot and non-combustibles are effective insulators, and, if allowed to accumulate,
will reduce heat transfer to the water and increase fuel consumption. Soot and
other deposits can be very moisture-absorbent, and may attract moisture to form
corrosive acids that will deteriorate fireside metal.
Clean-out should be performed at regular and frequent intervals, depending

upon load, type, and quality of fuel, internal boiler temperature, and combus-
tion efficiency. A stack temperature thermometer can be used as a guide to
clean-out intervals since an accumulation of soot deposits will raise the flue gas
temperature.
FIGURE 8-1. Stack Thermometer
Tube cleaning is accomplished by opening the front head. All loose soot and accumulations should be removed.
Any soot, or other deposits, should be removed from the furnace and tube sheets.
The flue gas outlet and stack should be inspected annually and cleaned as necessary. Commercial firms are
available to perform the work. The stack should be inspected for damage and repaired as required.
The fireside should be thoroughly cleaned prior to any extended lay-up of the boiler. Depending upon circum-
stances, a protective coating may be required. See Chapter 3.
8.3 — Water Level Controls

The need to periodically check water level controls and the waterside of the pressure vessel cannot be overem-
phasized. Most instances of major boiler damage are the result of operating with low water, or the use of
untreated or incorrectly treated water.
750-368 8-3
8.3.1 — Steam Boiler
Always be sure of the boiler water level. On steam boilers, the water column should be
blown down daily. Check samples of boiler water and condensate in accordance with
procedures recommended by your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative.
Refer to Chapter 3 for blowdown instructions.
No attempt should be made to alter the point of low-water cutoff or point of pump cut-
in or cut-out. If a low-water device should become erratic in operation, or if its setting
changes from previously established levels, contact your local Cleaver-Brooks autho-
rized representative.
The instructions on the low water cutoff plate on a steam boiler should be followed in accordance with a definite
schedule.The controls normally function for long periods of time, which may lead to laxity in testing on the
assumption that normal operation will continue indefinitely.
FIGURE 8-3. Low Water Cutoff Plate
On a steam boiler, the head mechanism of the low-water cutoff device(s) should be removed from the bowl at
least semi-annually to check and clean the float ball, the internal moving parts, and the bowl or water column.
Remove the pipe plugs from the tees or crosses and make certain the cross-connecting piping is clean and free of
obstructions. Controls must be mounted in a plumb position for proper performance. Determine that piping is
vertically aligned after shipment and installation and throughout life of equipment.
A blowdown of the water controls on a steam boiler should be performed daily. Open the drain valve slowly to
prevent float damage.
8-4 750-368
Water Gauge Glass
8.3.2 — Hot Water Boiler

It is impractical to blow down the low-water cutoff devices on a hot water boiler since the entire boiler and sys-
tem is flooded. Many hot water systems are fully closed and any loss of water will require make-up and addi-
tional feedwater treatment that might not otherwise be necessary. Since the boiler and system arrangement
usually make it impractical to perform daily and monthly maintenance of the low-water cutoff devices, it is
essential to verify proper operation. Remove the operating mechanism from the bowl annually or more frequently,
if possible, to check and clean float ball, internal moving parts, and the bowl housing. Also check the cross-con-
necting piping to be certain that it is clean and free of obstruction.
8.4 — Water Gauge Glass

A broken or discolored glass should be replaced at once. Periodic replacement should be a part of the mainte-
nance program. Always use new gaskets when replacing a glass. Use a proper size rubber packing. Do not use
loose packing which could be forced below the glass and possibly plug the valve opening.
Close the gauge glass valves when replacing the glass and open the drain valve to release any pressure. Slip a
packing nut, a packing washer, and packing ring onto each end of the glass. Insert one end of the glass into the
upper gauge valve body far enough to allow the lower end to be dropped into the lower body. Slide the packing
nuts onto each valve and tighten.
It is recommended that the boiler is off and cool when the glass is
replaced.
Check try-cocks and gauge cocks for freedom of operation and clean as
required. It is imperative that the gauge cocks are mounted in exact align-
ment. If they are not, the glass will be strained and may fail prematurely.
! Warning
Do not attempt to change the gauge glass while the boiler is in service.
Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
FIGURE 8-4. Water Column Gauge Glass Replacement
8.5 — Electrical Controls

The operating controls should be inspected monthly. Examine tightness of electrical connections and keep the
controls clean. Remove any dust that accumulates in the interior of the control using low pressure air. Take care
not to damage the mechanism.
Be certain that controls are correctly leveled. The internal piping leading to the pressure control actuators
should be cleaned, if necessary. Covers should be left on controls at all times.
750-368 8-5
Dust and dirt can cause excessive wear and overheating of motor starter and relay contacts. Use a burnishing
tool or a hard surface paper to clean and polish contacts. Starter contacts are plated with silver and are not
harmed by discoloration and slight pitting. Replacement of the contacts is necessary only if the silver has worn
thin.
! Caution
Do not use files or abrasive materials such as sandpaper on the contact points. Failure to follow these instructions
could result in equipment damage.
Thermal relay units (overloads) are of the melting-alloy type and, when tripped, the alloy must be given time to
re-solidify before relay can be reset. If the overloads trip out repeatedly when the motor current is normal,
replace them with new overloads. If the condition continues after replacement, it will be necessary to determine
the cause of excessive current draw at the overloads.
Power supply to the boiler must be protected with dual element fuses (Fusetrons®) or circuit breakers. Similar
fuses should be used in branch circuits. Standard one-shot fuses are not recommended. Information given below
is included for guidance to fuse requirements.
8-6 750-368
Flame Safety Control
MOTOR & CCT FUSE SIZING

RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM "FUSETRON" FUSE SIZES
SINGLE PHASE 50/60 HERTZ THREE PHASE 50/60 HERTZ
ELECTRICAL LOAD
110-120 V 220-240 V 200-208 V 220-240 V 346-416 V 440-480 V 550-660 V
1/4 HP MOTOR FRN-8 FRN-4-1/2 FRN-1-8/10 FRN-1-8/10 FRS-1 FRS-8/10
1/3 HP MOTOR FRN-9 FRN-4-1/2 FRN-1-8/10 FRN-1-8/10 FRS-1 FRS-8/10
1/2 HP MOTOR FRN-12 FRN-6-1/4 FRN-2-8/10 FRN-2-8/10 FRS-1-8/10 FRS-1-4/10 FRS-1
3/4 HP MOTOR FRN-17-1/2 FRN-9 FRN-4-1/2 FRN-4-1/2 FRS-2-1/4 FRS-1-8/10 FRS-1-4/10
1 HP MOTOR FRN-20 FRN-10 FRN-5 FRN-5 FRS-3-2/10 FRS-2-1/4 FRS-1-8/10
1-1/2 HP MOTOR FRN-25 FRN-12 FRN-7 FRN-7 FRS-4 FRS-3-2/10 FRS-2-1/2
2 HP MOTOR FRN-30 FRN-15 FRN-9 FRN-9 FRS-5-6/10 FRS-4-1/2 FRS-3-1/2
3 HP MOTOR FRN-40 FRN-20 FRN-12 FRN-12 FRS-8 FRS-6-1/4 FRS-5
5 HP MOTOR FRN-35 FRN-20 FRN-20 FRS-12 FRS-10 FRS-8
7-1/2 HP MOTOR FRN-50 FRN-30 FRN-30 FRS-17-1/2 FRS-15 FRS-12
10 HP MOTOR FRN-60 FRN-40 FRN-35 FRS-20 FRS-17-1/2 FRS-15
15 HP MOTOR FRN-60 FRN-50 FRS-30 FRS-25 FRS-20
100 HP MOTOR FRN-350 FRN-300 FRS-150 FRS-125
200 HP MOTOR FRN-600 FRS-300 FRS-250
CONTROL CIRCUIT
1/2 KVA. 1 KVA. 1-1/2 KVA. 2 KVA.
XFMR VOLTAGE
110-120 FRN-7 FRN-15 FRN-17-1/2 FRN-25
200-208 FRN-4 FRN-8 FRN-12 FRN-15
220-240 FRN-3-1/2 FRN-7 FRN-10 FRN-12
346-416 FRS-2-8/10 FRS-4 FRS-6-1/4 FRS-8
440-480 FRS-2-1/2 FRS-3-1/2 FRS-5-6/10 FRS-7
550-600 FRS-2 FRS-3-1/2 FRS-4-1/2 FRS-5-6/10
SECONDARY FUSE FRN-5-6/10 FRN-12 FRN-15 FRN-20
CONSULT CLEAVER-BROOKS ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPT. FOR "FUSETRON" FUSE SIZE
FOR POWER SYSTEMS WITH VOLTAGE, FREQUENCY OR PHASE NOT MENTIONED ABOVE.
FIGURE 8-5. Recommended Maximum Fusetron® Fuse Sizes
8.6 — Flame Safety Control

The microprocessor based control requires minimal maintenance because the safety and logic timings are inac-
cessible. There also are not any accessible contacts. Check to see that the retaining screw is securely holding the
chassis to the mounting base. Also check to see that the amplifier and the program module are tightly inserted.
The relay's self-diagnostic ability includes advising when it or its plug-in modules are at fault and require replace-
ment.
750-368 8-7
Your spare control should be stored in a dry atmosphere and wrapped in plastic. During an extended shut-
down (e.g., seasonal), the active control should be removed and stored. Moisture can cause problems with
control operation.
It is recommended that service be rotated between the active and a spare control to assure a working replace-
ment is available.
Be sure the connecting contacts on the control and its base are not bent out of position.
The flame detector lens should be cleaned as often as operating conditions demand. Use a soft cloth moistened
with detergent to clean the lens.
A safety check procedure should be established to test the complete safeguard system at least once a month, or
more often. Tests should verify safety shutdown and a safety lockout upon failure to ignite the pilot, upon failure
to ignite the main flame, and upon loss of flame. Each of the conditions should be checked on a scheduled basis.
The following tests should be used to test the complete safeguard system. If the sequence of events is not as
described, then a problem may exist. Contact your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for assistance.
! Warning
When replacing a control, be sure to lock out the main power supply switch since the control is “hot” even though
the burner switch is off. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
8.6.1 — Checking Pilot Flame Failure

Close the gas pilot shutoff cock. Also shut off the main fuel supply. Turn the burner switch “on.”
The pilot ignition circuit will be energized at the end of the pre-purge period. There should be an ignition spark,
but no flame. The ignition spark can be viewed through the sight port in the rear door. Since there is no flame to
be detected, the program relay will signal the condition. The ignition circuit will de-energize and the control will
lock out on a safety shutdown. The flame failure light (and optional alarm) will be activated. The blower motor
will run through the post-purge and stop.
Turn the burner switch off. Reset the safety switch. Reopen the gas pilot shutoff cock and re-establish main fuel
supply.
8.6.2 — Checking Failure to Light Main Flame

Leave the gas pilot shutoff cock open. Shut off the main burner fuel supply. Turn the burner switch on. The pilot
will light upon completion of the pre-purge period. The main fuel valve(s) will be energized, but there should be
no main flame.
The fuel valve(s) de-energize within 4 seconds after the main burner ignition trial ends. The control will lock out
on a safety shutdown. The flame failure light (and optional alarm) will be activated. The blower motor will run
through the post-purge and stop.
Turn the burner switch off. Reset the safety switch. Re-establish main fuel supply.
8-8 750-368
Flame Safety Control
8.6.3 — Checking Loss of Flame

With the burner in normal operation, shut off the main burner fuel supply to extinguish main flame.
The fuel valve(s) will be de-energized and the relay will signal the condition within 4 seconds. The control will
then lock out on a safety shutdown. The flame failure light (and optional alarm) will be activated. The blower
motor will run through the post-purge and stop.
Turn the burner switch off. Reset the safety switch. Re-establish main fuel supply.
The flame detector lens should be cleaned as often as

operating conditions demand. Use a soft cloth moistened
with detergent if necessary.
FIGURE 8-6. Main Gas Train
750-368 8-9
8.7 — Burner Maintenance - General
Observe lockout/tagout procedures

! Warning prior to disassembly.
Before removing the burner drawer:

• Shut off gas supply and disconnect pilot gas piping [1].
• Disconnect the plug from the pilot igniter rajah connector [2]. The ceramic insulator [3] on the pilot is fragile;
handle with care.
• Remove flame scanner [5].
• For oil fired or combination units, remove the oil gun. Disconnect the oil drawer switch by removing the cap
screws in the damper back plate.
• Unplug cables from damper actuator [6] or disconnect wiring if hard-wired.
NOTE: Do not remove the actuator unless air damper inspection is scheduled. If the damper actuator is
removed, actuator will need to be re-aligned and combustion must be re-set by a qualified C-B technician before
the boiler is returned to operation.
[5]
[2]
34
[3] [6]
[4]
[1]
FIGURE 8-7. Preparations for removing burner drawer
900-1200 HP - Follow the steps below in addition to those listed above.

• Remove set screw from pilot adapter and remove pilot tube [4].
• The flame scanner on older 900-1200 HP units may utilize an extended guide tube, which must be removed
before attempting to pull out the damper assembly. To remove the tube, loosen the two set screws [7] in the
scanner mount.
8-10 750-368
Burner Maintenance - General
[7]
FIGURE 8-8. Remove scanner tube
On 900-1200 HP boilers the damper assembly is separate from the remaining burner internal components and
must be removed before accessing the rest of the burner. Removal of the damper assembly requires the damper
removal kit 880-03675. Use the following procedure.
1. Swing out the burner damper stop [8] located below the damper on the [10]
front head.
2. Remove the hex nuts that secure the damper.
3. Slide the damper out part way until it comes in contact with the tab on [9]
the burner stop and the flange comes to rest on the flat.
4. Install the damper removal bracket [9] to the (2) lugs located on the face
of the damper using the safety pins supplied in the kit.
5. Install the threaded rod [10] on the davit to the damper removal bracket.
Tighten the rod until it takes the damper weight off the damper stop.
6. Swing the burner damper stop out of the way and up against the front
head. It may be necessary to push the damper in slightly so the tab on
the damper stop will clear.
7. Pull the damper out and swing it to a convenient position for service.
[8]
Damper removal,
FIGURE 8-9.
With the damper removed, the diffuser/straightener assembly can now be 900-1200 HP
accessed. Remove the bolts [11] to take out the assembly.
750-368 8-11
Check the diffuser for hot spots and remove any soot
buildup. See also Section 6.15 — Burner Drawer
Adjustment and Section 8.9 — Gas Burner Maintenance.
Before re-assembling the burner and damper, inspect the [11]

damper gasket and replace if necessary. Tighten nuts evenly
to ensure a good seal. Do not over tighten or damper may
bind.
Inspect the pilot adapter o-ring and replace if necessary

before re-inserting pilot tube.
8.8 — Oil Burner Maintenance

The burner should be inspected for evidence of damage due
to improperly adjusted combustion. Any soot buildup on the
diffuser or the oil nozzle should be removed. The position-
ing of the oil nozzle in relation to the diffuser and other FIGURE 8-10. Diffuser assembly 900-1200 HP
components is important for proper firing and should be
checked. See Section 6.19 in Chapter 6.
8.7.1 — Light Oil Strainers
NOTE: All oil strainers should be cleaned frequently to maintain a free and full flow of fuel.
The fuel oil strainer screen must be removed and cleaned at regular intervals. It is advisable to remove the screen
each month and clean thoroughly by immersing it in solvent and blowing it dry with compressed air. To remove,
loosen the cover cap screw, being careful not to lose the copper gasket. If necessary, tap the strainer cover gently
to loosen. Check the cover gasket for damage and replace if necessary. Slip pliers into the cross on the top of the
strainer and twist counter-clockwise to remove the basket. Reassemble in reverse order.
8.7.2 — Cleaning the Oil Nozzle

The design of the burner should be kept operationally clean when firing on oil. A routine check and any neces-
sary cleaning should be made during off periods or when the burner is firing on gas.
If at any time the burner flame appears “stringy” or “lazy,” it is possible that the nozzle tip or swirler has become
partially clogged or worn. Any blockage within the tip will cause the air pressure gauge to increase above its nor-
mal value.
8-12 750-368
Oil Burner Maintenance
FIGURE 8-11. Standard and High Turndown Oil Nozzle Components
Disassemble with the power off by unlatching and withdrawing the burner gun. Insert the nozzle body into the
hanger vice and use the spanner wrench to remove the tip. Remove the swirler and seating spring being careful
not to drop or damage any parts.
Perform any necessary cleaning with a suitable solvent. Use a soft fiber brush or pointed piece of soft wood for
cleaning. Do not use wire or a sharp metallic object, which could scratch or deform the orifices as well as the
precision ground surfaces of the swirler and tip. Inspect for scratches or signs of wear or erosion, which may
make the nozzle unfit for further use. Take the necessary precautions in working with solvents.
The tip and swirler are a matched set, which are precision lapped at the time of assembly. The close fit of the
lapped surfaces must be maintained in order to provide optimum performance. Additional lapping may be
required to provide better atomization for more efficient combustion. Do not interchange parts if a spare is kept.
In reassembling, be certain that the seating spring is in place and that it is holding the swirler tightly against the
tip. The swirler is stationary and does not rotate, but rather imparts a swirling motion to the oil.
See that the plugged hole is at the bottom of the nozzle body when the gun is installed.
8.7.3 — Cleaning the Back Pressure Orifice Nozzle
Clean the strainer screen carefully to remove any foreign matter. Use suitable solvents in cleaning. Hot water at
high velocity is also helpful in cleaning. Replace strainer by screwing it into the nozzle body only finger tight. Do
not use an orifice of a size other than originally installed.
FIGURE 8-12. Back Pressure Orifice
750-368 8-13
8.7.4 — Ignition System

For best results, maintain the proper gap and dimensions for the ignition electrode(s).
Inspect the electrode tip for signs of pitting or combustion deposits and dress as required with a fine file. Inspect
the porcelain insulator (s) for any cracks that might be present. If there are cracks, replace the electrode since
they can cause grounding of the ignition voltage. Since carbon is an electrical conductor, it is necessary to keep
the insulating portion of electrode(s) wiped clean if any carbon is present. Ammonia will aid in removing carbon
or soot.
Check ignition cables for cracks in the insulation. Also see that
all connections between the transformer and the electrodes are
tight. Periodically remove the access plug from the gas pilot
aspirator and clean out any accumulated lint or other foreign
material.
FIGURE 8-13. Gas Pilot Electrode and Diffuser Spacing
8.9 — Gas Burner Maintenance

The gas burner components should be inspected for evidence of damage due to improperly adjusted combustion.
Combustion adjustments should be checked monthly.
Check periodically for a proper seal between the end of the burner housing and boiler refractory. Any deteriora-
tion of the seal should be corrected, as an improper or poor seal allows air leaks, which can cause overheating or
burning of the burner housing.
Whenever the burner is removed, the diffuser, gas housing and gas spuds should be checked for any deteriora-
tion. Verify that the diffuser skirt conforms to the bore of the burner housing so as to minimize the amount of
combustion air which bypasses the diffuser. Check to see that the diffuser is properly located in reference to the
gas spuds. There should be 1/4” between the edge of the diffuser fins and the gas spuds when the burner is
installed. Check to see that the diffuser fins do not interfere with the gas ports or gas spuds in the burner hous-
ing.
8-14 750-368
Motorized Gas Valve
Check the electrode setting for any cracks that might be present on the porcelain insulator. Replace the electrode
if cracking is evident since cracking can cause grounding of the ignition voltage. Inspect the tip of the electrode
for signs of pitting, combustion deposits and wear, dressing as required with a fine file.
Periodically remove the access plug from the gas pilot aspirator and clean out any accumulated lint or other for-
eign material.
Check the ignition cables for cracks in the insulation. Verify that all connections between the transformer and the
electrode are tight.
8.10 — Motorized Gas Valve

The motorized gas valve operating mechanism contains no user serviceable parts. An inoperative actuator must
be replaced.
8.11 — Solenoid Valves

Foreign matter between the valve seat and seat disc can cause leakage. Valves are readily disassembled; how-
ever, care must be used during disassembly to be sure that internal parts are not damaged during the removal
and that reassembly is in proper order.
! Warning
Be sure to turn off power to the valve in order to avoid electrical shock. Failure to follow these instructions could
result in serious injury or death.
A low hum or buzzing will normally be audible when the coil is energized. If the valve develops a loud buzzing or
chattering noise, check for proper voltage and clean the plunger assembly and interior plunger tube thoroughly.
Do not use any oil. Be sure that the plunger tube and solenoid are tight when reassembled. Take care not to nick,
dent, or damage the plunger tube.
Coils may be replaced without removing the valve from the line.
Check coil position and make sure that any insulating washers or retaining springs are reinstalled in proper order.
8.12 — Air Control Damper

The burner air control damper should be checked for free movement as a part of the monthly inspection. With
the burner off and the actuator removed, the air control damper should rotate freely through its entire range of
movement. Any resistance to movement or excessive play in the support bearing should be investigated and cor-
rected before the burner is put back in operation.
Ensure the gears are fully engaged throughout the entire damper rotational range.
750-368 8-15
FIGURE 8-14. Rotary Air Damper
! Caution
Combustion should be checked and readjusted as required whenever the burner is removed or any control linkage is
disturbed. Failure to follow these instructions could result in equipment damage.
Inspection of the air damper should be performed on a more frequent basis if the boiler is operating in a dirty
environment.
Lubricate occasionally with a non-gumming, dripless, high-temperature lubricant such as graphite or a silicone
derivative.
8.13 — Fan/Motor Cassette Removal
! Warning
BEFORE removing the fan/motor cassette, disconnect and lockout electrical power to the boiler and ensure the front
door is securely bolted to the boiler. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
Before the boiler is commissioned at the job site, the Integral Flue Gas Recirculating (IFGR) system should be
visually inspected. The fan/motor cassette should be removed to expose the internal IFGR linkage and damper.
Remove the fan/motor cassette as follows:
1. Disconnect and lockout electric power to the boiler.
8-16 750-368
IFGR Inspection and Adjustment
2. Be sure that the front door is securely bolted to the boiler.

3. Release the davit arm by removing the retaining bolt at the top center of the boiler.
4. Connect the davit arm to the fan/motor cassette using the suspension system shown in Figure 8-11.
5. Arrange the attaching chains so the lifting point is over the motor shaft centerline and the center of balance for
the fan/motor cassette. This point is approximately 4 inches from the motor backplate for 600-800 HP units,
and 3 inches for 250-500 units.
6. Remove the fan/motor cassette fastening nuts.
7. Swing the fan/motor cassette to the side and secure it to the boiler using high strength cord. Do not over-
extend the motor wires.
FIGURE 8-15. Fan/Motor Cassette
! Warning
When suspending the fan/motor cassette from the davit arm, all equipment used must be of adequate strength to
safely support the complete cassette. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
8.14 — IFGR Inspection and Adjustment

NOx levels should be checked periodically to ensure compliance with all local and federal regulations, as well as
to ensure that the boiler is operating at maximum efficiency. Linkages should be inspected and free movement
(no binding) of the IFGR damper confirmed.
Increasing or decreasing NOx levels could indicate incorrect damper positioning, an improper air-to-fuel ratio, or
stack draft changes. If adjustment is required, or if problems persist, contact your local Cleaver-Brooks autho-
rized representative for further assistance.
750-368 8-17
As ash and products of combustion pass through the IFGR damper, there will be some accumulation on the
damper, windbox, and other parts of the IFGR system and burner.
To ensure proper operation of the IFGR system and burner, inspection and cleaning should be performed at regu-
lar intervals, depending on the load, type of fuel, and combustion temperatures.
1. With the IFGR damper exposed, inspect the internal linkages for secure connections, and check for free move-
ment of the linkage arms and the IFGR damper assembly.
2. The clearance between the impeller and backplate should be checked and adjusted if required. Impeller clear-
ances must correspond to the measurements in the table below:
30 PPM
Standard 60 PPM 9 PPM
.040 + .010 .050 + .010
- .005
3. The impeller clearance is checked by inserting a long feeler gauge of the proper thickness between the impel-
ler and the impeller housing. Impeller clearances should be checked at the highest fin on the impeller (that fin
which is closest to the impeller housing), and must be checked at each point where the housing is attached to
the motor backplate.
4. If the impeller clearance is not correct at all points, adjust:
A. Loosen the retaining nuts on both sides of the impeller housing.
B. Adjust the retainers for the correct impeller clearance at two housing attachment points 180º apart.
C. Adjust the retainers for correct clearance at the housing attachment points 90º from those initially
adjusted.
D. Adjust for correct impeller clearance at the remaining attachment points.
5. Check and replace any gaskets that have been damaged. Gaskets that have been in use for one year or more
should be replaced. In particular, inspect the airbox gasket for damage.
! Caution
When replacing the airbox gasket, use only Cleaver-Brooks components. Failure to use components designed for this
application can result in improper combustion. Failure to follow these instructions could result in equipment damage.
8.15 — Fan/Motor Cassette Installation

To close the fan/motor cassette:
1. Check that all adjustment screws are tight, and check the linkage and IFGR damper for free movement before
closing the unit.
! Warning
Do not remove the davit arm assembly from the motor/fan cassette without first verifying that the cassette is securely
bolted to the boiler. Failure to follow these instructions could result in serious injury or death.
8-18 750-368
Safety Valves
2. Position the cassette into the front door.

3. Slide the cassette into position until it begins to contact the airbox gasket then measure the clearance between
the cassette flange and the front door mounting face. There must be clearance of at least 1/4” to provide ade-
quate gasket compression when the cassette is mounted tightly to the door.
4. Secure the cassette with the fastening nuts.
5. After the cassette has been secured to the front head, reconnect the davit to the front door by screwing in the
retaining bolt at the top centerline.
Check occasionally that the fan is securely tightened to the motor shaft. Check the clearance between the fan
vanes and housing.
8.16 — Safety Valves

The safety valve is a very important safety device and deserves
attention accordingly.
Follow the recommendations of your boiler inspector regarding

valve inspection and testing. The frequency of testing, either by the
use of the lifting lever or by raising the steam pressure, should be
based on the recommendation of your boiler inspector and/or the
valve manufacturer, and in accordance with Sections VI and VII of
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
FIGURE 8-16. Safety Valves
Avoid excessive operation of the safety valve; even one opening can provide a
means of leakage. Safety valves should be operated only often enough to assure
that they are in good working order. When a pop test is required, raise the operat-
ing pressure to the set pressure of the safety valve, allowing it to open and re-seat
as it would in normal service.
Do not hand operate the valve with less than 75% of the stamped set pressure
exerted on the underside of the disc. When hand operating, be sure to hold the
valve in an open position long enough to purge accumulated foreign material from
the seat area and then allow the valve to snap shut.
FIGURE 8-17. Operating Safety Valves
Frequent usage of the safety valve will cause the seat and disc to become wire drawn or steam cut. This will
cause the valve to leak and necessitate down time of the boiler for valve repair or replacement. Repair of a valve
must be done only by the manufacturer or his authorized representative.
Avoid having the operating pressure too near the safety valve set pressure. A 10% differential is recommended.
An even greater differential is desirable and will assure better seat tightness and valve longevity.
750-368 8-19
8.17 — Fuel Oil Metering Valve

In the event that a leak occurs in the packing of the metering valve, the packing nut should be snugged gradually
to stop the leak.
! Caution
Do not over-tighten the metering valve packing nut. Excessive tightening of the packing nut prevents free movement
of the metering stem. Failure to follow these instructions could result in equipment damage.
If replacement of the metering valve packing is necessary, procure Kit P/

N 880-370 and install in accordance with the following procedure.
1. Shut off the oil flow. Be sure no pressure shows on the gauge.
2.SINGLE-POINT SYSTEMS: Match-mark the cam hub and drive shaft. Match-
marking will enable replacement of the cam in its original position and
result in a minimum of cam adjustment when the burner is refired.
3.Clamp or hold the metering stem in the down position.
FIGURE 8-18. Fuel Stem Packing Kit 4.Disconnect the linkage assembly from the oil valve stem. SINGLE-POINT SYS-
TEMS: Loosen the setscrews in the cam hub and rotate, or move the cam
to a position where it does not interfere with stem removal.
5. Withdraw the metering vale stem and spring. Do not drop or mishandle. Check for nicks or scratches. Check
that the pin holding the metering portion is not protruding.
6. Back off the packing gland.
7. SINGLE-POINT SYSTEMS: Remove the capscrews holding the jackshaft support bracket so that the bracket can be
moved. It may also be necessary to loosen the supporting bracket on the far end of the shaft.
8. Remove the existing packing and guides. Do not re-use the packing and guides.
9. Lightly coat the stem with the lubricant provided with the packing kit. Place the new packing, o-rings, and
guides onto the stem in the sequence shown. The beveled face of the guides and the teflon rings must face
upward, with the exception of the upper brass guide which is faced down. Be sure that the o-rings are prop-
erly located.
10. Using the stem as a guide, insert the assembled packing into the cavity, then withdraw the stem.
11. In the event the packing is too high, remove one teflon packing from each side of the middle brass guide as
needed.
12. Under no circumstances eliminate the two teflon packings on only one side of the brass guide.
13. Replace the gasket, put the support in place, and secure all fastenings.
8-20 750-368
Fuel Oil Metering Valve
14. Replace the metering stem and spring. Lightly lubricate the stem to facilitate insertion and easy movement.
Use care when inserting so that the orifice and the stem are not damaged.
FIGURE 8-19. Fuel Stem Packing, Cross-Section
15. Snug the packing gland, but only sufficiently to place slight tension on the packing. The stem must move
freely from the force of the spring.
16. Work the stem up and down several times to ensure that it moves freely.
17. Depress the valve stem and replace the linkage assembly. SINGLE-POINT SYSTEMS: Depress the valve stem and
replace the cam. Mate the match-marks and secure the setscrews. Be sure the cam spring is centered in the
roller.
18. Restore oil flow. Test fire the burner at various firing rates being certain that the metering stem moves freely.
19. Tighten the packing gland after a period of operation, if necessary, to maintain proper pressure on the packing.
Do not over-tighten.
If there are indications that the oil metering valve has become clogged at its orifice, it will be necessary to disas-
semble the control to remove the obstruction. Clean the slotted stem of the oil metering valve with suitable sol-
vent and blow-dry with dry shop air. Follow the procedure outlined above when removing or re-installing the
metering valve stem. Also check all fuel line strainers.
Should a pressure adjusting or relief valve become clogged, disassemble by releasing the locknut and backing off
the screw to relieve tension on the diaphragm. Remove the valve cover and the diaphragm to expose any dirt or
750-368 8-21
foreign material which may have entered the valves. Clean out carefully and reassemble. It is recommended that
the diaphragms be replaced annually.
8.18 — Air Pump and Lubricating System
8.17.1 — Air Pump

The air pump itself requires little maintenance. However, the life of the pump is dependent upon a sufficient sup-
ply of clean cool lubricating oil. The oil level in the air-oil tank must be observed closely. Lack of oil will damage
the pump making replacement necessary. Disassembly or field repairs to the pump are not recommended.
OIL FILL PIPE & FILTER COMPRESSED AIR OUTLET
AIR FILTER AIR / OIL TANK

LUBE OIL AIR / OIL TANK LUBE OIL
COOLING COIL COOLER AIR PUMP
MOTOR
MOTOR AIR FILTER
AIR PUMP SIGHT GLASS

CHECK VALVE (LUBE OIL LEVEL)
900-1200 HP
100-800 HP
FIGURE 8-20. Air Pump
8.17.2 — Lubricating Oil

Lubricating oil must be visible in the sight glass at all times. There is no specific level required as long as oil is
visible. Do not operate if oil is not visible.
Oil with proper viscosity must be used. SAE 20 detergent is recommended, although SAE 10 detergent is also
permissible.
When adding oil, remove the cover from the fill pipe and add oil through the conical strainer in the pipe with the
unit running.
8-22 750-368
Air Pump and Lubricating System
The oil and its container should be clean. Although there is a strainer in the lube oil line, its purpose is to remove
any unwanted materials rather than to act as a filter for unclean oil.
! Caution
Oil must NEVER be added unless the pump is in operation and the strainer screen is in place. Failure to follow these
instructions could result in equipment damage.
8.17.3 — Lubricating Oil Strainer and Cooling Coil

Air pressure from the pump forces lubricating oil from the tank through a cooling coil to the pump. The oil lubri-
cates the pump bearings and also provides a seal and lubrication for the pump vanes.
The cooled oil flows to the pump through the strainer in the filler pipe. It is possible to visually verify oil flow
during operation by removing the filler cap and checking the flow. If necessary, the strainer may be cleaned
during operation.
In the event it is necessary to clean the strainer during operation, clean it and replace immediately. It can be
cleaned by immersing in solvent and blowing it dry with compressed air. Do not operate without the strainer any
longer than necessary, and never add new oil unless the strainer is in place. A spare strainer basket can be
obtained, if desired, and used on a rotating basis while the other is serviced.
8.17.4 — Air-Oil Tank

Pads of steel wool are used in the air-to-oil tank as a filtering medium to separate the lube oil form the com-
pressed air.
The pads play a very important role and should be replaced semi-annually. It is also important that a proper
grade of steel wool be used. Only No. 3 coarse grade American steel wool or equivalent (CB919-124) should be
used. When replacing the wool, insert all but the last pad into the cylinder. Alternate the grain of the pads. Install
the spacer with its stub end toward the opening and fit one pad over the stub. Be careful not to overly compress
the wool and be sure that it is fluffed out to fill all available space. Improper packing can cause high oil consump-
tion. After the last pad is in place, slip the retainer screen onto the cylinder. Be sure to fit an o-ring gasket under
the cover so that a tight seal is obtained.
Follow previous instructions for oil replacement.
750-368 8-23
100-800 HP 900-1200 HP
FIGURE 8-21. Air-Oil Receiver Tank
8.17.5 — Air Cleaner

Never operate the air pump without the air cleaner in place. The cleaner itself must be periodically checked and
its element flushed and cleaned semi-annually.
8.17.6 — Flexible Coupling Alignment

Alignment of the pump and motor through the flexible coupling
is extremely important for trouble free operation. Check the cou-
pling alignment semi-annually and replace the coupling insert
as required. Keep the coupling guard in place.
The most commonly used tools for checking alignment are a

small straightedge and a thickness gauge.
The coupling must be checked for both parallel (offset) align-

ment and angular (gap) alignment. Parallel misalignment exists
when shaft axes are parallel but not concentric. Angular mis-
alignment is the reverse situation, with shaft axes concentric
but not parallel.
FIGURE 8-22. Flexible Coupling Alignment
8-24 750-368
Air Pump and Lubricating System
Checking parallel alignment, both horizontal and vertical, can be accomplished by laying a straightedge across
the coupling halves and checking with a thickness gauge to obtain the amount of misalignment. The check
should be done on the top of the coupling and at 90 degrees. A useful aid is to hold a flashlight behind the
straightedge so that any gap can readily be seen.
Shim stock of appropriate thickness and area is then used under either the feet of the pump or the motor to
establish parallel alignment. A tolerance of .008” is a permissible limit.
After parallel alignment is established, check for angular alignment, which is done by checking the gap between
coupling halves. The coupling should have a minimum gap of 1/16” and a maximum of 3/32”.
Set the spacing between the halves at one point by using a thickness gauge and then rotate the coupling slowly
to be sure that clearance at that point remains the same through 360 degrees of rotation. Adjust to obtain proper
gap by loosening the hold-down bolts and shifting either the pump or the motor as required. Generally, a slight
tapping on either the front or rear legs is all that is needed to obtain lateral adjustment. Rear legs may require
shimming for vertical correction.
Tighten the hold-down bolts after adjustments are made and recheck the alignment.
Calipers can also be used to check angular alignment. Measure the overall distance of the outer ends of the cou-
pling halves at 90º intervals. Shift the pump or motor, as required, so that the ends of the coupling are the same
distance apart at all points. The coupling will then have proper angular alignment.
Remember that alignment in one direction may alter alignment in another. Re-check both angular and parallel
alignment procedures after making any alteration.
A properly aligned coupling will last longer and will provide trouble-free mechanical operation.
8.17.8 — Air Compressor Replacement

Do not attempt field repairs on the compressor. An inoperative unit should be replaced. Use the following proce-
dures when replacing the pump. Be sure to tag the motor leads if disconnected to simplify re-connection.
Dismantling: 100-800 HP
1. Lift out the two front cylinder pins that hold the screen, and remove the screen.
2. Disconnect the flared nut on tubing behind screen and lift tubing high enough to prevent drainage of lubricat-
ing oil from the tank.
3. Disconnect the flared nut at the orifice fitting.
4. Remove the two sheet metal screws that hold the cylinder in place. One screw is located at the top rear of the
cylinder, the other is at the bottom front.
5. Remove the entire heat exchange assembly, consisting of the cylinder, the finned tubing, and the oil line “B”.
6. Remove the fan from the air pump.
7. Disconnect the flexible air line from the lube tank.
8. Remove the coupling guard by pushing in on both sides until it clears the clamp.
9. Loosen the clamp at the rear of the tank and remove the tank with copper tubing attached.
10. Leave the rear pump bracket (coupling end) in place to aid in realignment of the replacement pump. Do this
by removing the two capscrews that extend through the bracket into the pump housing. Temporarily leave the
front bracket attached to the pump.
750-368 8-25
11. Remove screws holding the front bracket to the base and lift off the pump with its attachments. Note the
location of the pipe fittings and brackets prior to removing for installation on the replacement pump. If piping
is dismantled, be sure that the check valve is re-installed so that the gate swings toward the pump.
Dismantling: 900-1200 HP
Loosen tank bolts A (see illustration). A B
1.
C
2. Loosen pipe union B.
3. Disconnect tubing from lube oil cooler C and remove cooler from
frame.
4. Disassemble fan and bushing.
5. Remove the coupling guard.
6. Remove the tank with tubing attached.
Reassembly
A
Reassemble in reverse order. With the rear pump bracket (100-800
HP) left in place, realignment and spacing between the pump shaft
and the motor shaft is greatly simplified.
There should be approximately 7/8” space between the two shafts.

Place the coupling insert between the coupling halves prior to reas-
sembly. Check that both shafts rotate freely.
Refer to the previous section on coupling alignment instructions.
If shims were used originally under either pump brackets or motor

feet, be sure that they are correctly re-installed.
100-800 HP: When re-installing the fan, slide the hub on the pump shaft so that it is bottomed. Tighten the set-
screw and capscrews. If the fan blades were removed from the hub, be sure that the side of the blade marked
“Blower” faces the hub when reassembling. When tightening the coupling halves or the fan hub, tighten the set-
screws against the key first, then tighten the setscrew against the shaft. Clean or remove any dust or grime from
the blades prior to re-installing.
When replacing the retainer screen (100-800 HP), a slight force may be required to push the cooling coil into
the air cylinder so that the pins may be fitted into place.
When replacing the compressor, be sure that all piping connections are tight.
If the motor was replaced or if motor leads were disconnected, be sure that pump rotation is proper before start-
ing operation. The air pump should rotate in a clockwise direction, as viewed from the drive shaft end.
Keep the motor and other components free from dust and dirt to prevent overheating and damage. Motor lubrica-
tion should follow manufacturer’s recommendations.
8-26 750-368
Refractory
8.19 — Refractory
The boiler is shipped with completely installed refractory. This consists of furnace throat tile, furnace liner, and
the crawl-way plug. Normal maintenance requires little time and expense, and prolongs the operating life of the
refractory.
Preventive maintenance through periodic inspection will keep the operator informed of the condition of the refrac-
tory, and will guard against unexpected and unwanted downtime and major repairs.
Frequent wash coating of the refractory surfaces is recommended. High-temperature bonding, air-dry type mor-
tar, diluted with water to the consistency of light cream, is used for wash coating. Re-coating intervals will vary
with operating loads and are best determined by the operator when the boiler is opened for inspection.
FIGURE 8-23. Throat Tile and Furnace Liner
8.18.1 — Furnace Liner

Maintenance consists of occasional wash coating of the entire liner. Face all joints or cracks by applying high
temperature bonding mortar with a trowel or fingertips. Wash coating should be done as soon as cracks are
detected.
! Caution
The area between the burner housing and the throat tile requires a good seal. An improper or poor seal allows air
leaks that can cause overheating and burning of the burner housing metal. The area should be inspected semi-annu-
ally. Contact your local Cleaver-Brooks representative.
Should segments of the liner burn away or fall out, replace the entire refractory piece. Any refractory that may
break out should be removed as soon as detected so that it will not fuse to the bottom of the furnace and obstruct
the flame.
750-368 8-27
If replacement is necessary, refer to Chapter 9 to order proper replacement items. Remove existing refractory.
Thoroughly clean the furnace to remove all old refractory cement or other foreign material to ensure the new liner
seats firmly against the steel. Inspect the furnace metal.
The furnace may be plain or corrugated. If the furnace is corrugated it is necessary to fill in the corrugation val-
leys under the furnace liner tile from the 4 o’clock position to the 8 o’clock position with insulating cement. The
liner tile should be fitted tightly against the crown of the corrugation.
8.18.2 — Throat Tile and Liner
The throat tile must be installed to maintain an approximate inside diameter to match the burner housing, and
be centered in the furnace. Since the thickness of the furnace metal varies with the boiler design pressure, a
shim of appropriate thickness must be used to compensate for the variance. A layer or two of insulating board or
equal, or a bed of refractory material, may be used to center the ring. The liner tile can be fitted tightly against
the furnace, since the finished diameter is not critical.
! Caution
The area between the burner housing and throat tile requires a good seal. An improper or poor seal allows air leaks
that can cause overheating and burning of the burner housing metal. This area should be inspected semi-annually in
order to avoid damage to the equipment.
It is recommended that the tile be dry-fitted, match-marked, removed, and then re-installed with the proper
amount of refractory cement. Thin joints (less than 1/16”) are desirable. Generally, it will be necessary to shave
a portion from one or more tiles to obtain a fit. If a fill piece is required, cut it to fit and install the piece at the
bottom of the furnace. When installing the housing, or the tile against the housing, liberally coat the surface with
refractory cement. Remove any cement that is squeezed out.
Allow refractory to air dry as long as possible. If immediate use is required, fire intermittently at a low rate for
several hours to thoroughly dry the refractory. For detailed information, request Bulletin C10-5921 from your
local Cleaver-Brooks representative.
8-28 750-368
Refractory
8.18.3 — Installation
NOTE: The arch bricks may need to be trimmed to match the burner housing I.D. on higher pressure boilers.
The following procedure is typical for all boilers with corrugated fur-
naces. When working with plain furnaces, disregard any steps referring
to insulation of corrugated areas.
1. Install studs, bricking tool, cerafelt, bottom and top arch bricks as
shown in Figure 8-21 to check for correct fit up. If interference is
present at the arch brick, measure this distance and trim inside
diameter (I.D.) of all bricks.
2. Install the bottom half of arch bricks as shown in Figure 8-22.
Mix the vee block to a mortar-like consistency (per manufacturer’s

instructions) and pack the front (3) valleys of the furnace corrugations FIGURE 8-24. Begin arch brick install
with the mixture, flush with the furnace I.D. up to 3 o’clock and 9
o’clock from the centerline of the furnace. Install both pieces of cerafelt
to insulate the tile from the corrugation, and begin bottom half of first
row of tiles as shown in Figure 8-23
3. .To begin the top half of arch bricks and tiles, measure off the
upper half of furnace arch bricks and tiles with templates,
mark with chalk, and determine if a cut brick or cut tile is
needed (Figure 8-22). If cut brick is required, locate below the
2 o’clock and 10 o’clock positions (see note #1 on Figure 8-
24). If brick is cut, angle of the cut surface should be the same
as original brick. If cut brick or tile measures less than 1/2” full
width, cut two pieces.
4. Install bricking tool as shown in Figure 8-23 and continue
installing upper half by alternating one arch brick and one cor-
responding tile behind brick typical (see notes #5 and #6 on
Figure 8-24). FIGURE 8-25. Lower arch brick installation
5. For the last two rows of tiles, pack all remaining valleys of
furnace corrugations (measure 36” from inside surface of
arch bricks) with vee block mixture flush with furnace I.D.
up to the 3 o’clock and 9 o’clock centerlines of the fur-
nace.
6. Install both pieces of cerafelt and continue laying furnace
tiles to complete the last two rows.
7. After joint cement hardens (approximately 2 hours),
remove bricking tool, wooden tile supports, and discard
cerafelt shims. FIGURE 8-26. Liner tile installation
750-368 8-29
o
120
Notes:
1) No insulation or cut bricks to be installed in upper 120° section of the furnace.
2) Pack all bricks tightly with a mallet and remove excess mortar. Typical mortar joints shall be
approximately 1/ 16" .
3) Do not apply mortar between insulation and bricks, tiles, or furnace.
4) Do not cover furnace weld seams with insulation. Cut a strip of insulation out to reveal weld.
5) During installation, support upper tiles with wooden supports in a diagonal fashion until row
is complete.
6) To insure a tight fit and maximum I.D. of arch bricks, place a 3" square scrap piece of insulation
as a shim between bricking tool collar and I.D. of upper half of arch bricks (as nessesary).
7) Stagger liner tile mortar joints at each row.
8) [500 HP and up] Fill the first two (500-600 HP) or four (700-1200 HP) full furnace corrugations under
the liner tiles with Vee-Block mix (Item #5) below the horizontal centerline (3 o-clock to 9 o-clock position).
Do not fill the first half corrugation.
9) Use arch brick installation tool (see table).
Arch brick installation tool *

BHP Part number
100-125 098-00385
150-200 098-00336
350-400 098-00333
500-600 098-00375
700-800 098-00334

900-1000 098-00394
1100-1200 098-00365
* Arch brick installation tool must be fastened to furnace ring with a minimum of (2) 5/ 8-11 UNC nuts 180° apart.
See parts section (Chapter 9) for arch brick & liner tile part numbers
FIGURE 8-27. Throat Tile and Furnace Liner Installation Notes
8.20 — Front Door and Rear Access Plug

8.19.1 — Opening Front Door
Before opening the door, tighten the nut on the davit arm to create a
slight tension. This will minimize sagging and facilitate opening of the
door. After opening, check the gaskets and seating surfaces. Replace
TIGHTEN
the door gaskets if they are hard or brittle. Clean the sealing surfaces of
the door and tube sheet.
After the boiler is back in operation, re-tighten the door bolts to com-
pensate for compression of the gasket or movement of the door.
FIGURE 8-28. Tighten the Davit Nut
8-30 750-368
Lubrication
8.19.2 — Rear Access Plug

The rear access plug houses the rear sight port and is removable for rear
fireside access.
Resealing the rear access plug requires cleaning the seal area. After clean-
ing, spray adhesive into the sealing area and insert new rope gasket.
FIGURE 8-29. Rear Access Plug
8.21 — Lubrication
8.20.1 — Electric Motors

Manufacturers of electric motors vary in their specifications for lubrication
and care of motor bearings; however, their specific recommendations should
be followed.
Ball-bearing-equipped motors are pre-lubricated. The length of time a bear-

ing can run without grease added will depend on many factors, including the
rating of the motor, type of motor enclosure, duty, atmospheric conditions,
humidity, and ambient temperatures.
FIGURE 8-30. Electric Motors
Complete renewal of grease, when necessary, can be accomplished by forcing out the old grease with the new
grease. Thoroughly wipe those portions of the housing around the filler and drain plugs (above and below bear-
ings). Remove the drain plug (bottom) and free the drain hole of any hardened grease which may have accumu-
lated. With the motor not running, add new grease through the filler hole until clear grease starts to come out of
the drain hole. Before replacing the drain plug, run the motor for 10 to 20 minutes to expel any excess grease.
The filler and drain plugs should be thoroughly cleaned before they are replaced.
The lubricant used should be clean and equal to one of the good commercial grades of grease locally available.
Some commercially available lubricants are:
• Gulf Oil - Precision Grease No. 2
• Humble Oil - Andok B
• Texaco - Multifak No. 2
• Phillips - 1B + RB No. 2
• Fiske Bros. - Ball Bearing Lubricant
• Standard/Mobil - Mobilux No. 2
750-368 8-31
NOTE: Siemens TEFC motors use a different grease incompatible with those listed above.
NOTE: Siemens motors contain re-greasable bearings. The shaft end (impeller end) requires the use of CB’s high
temperature auto grease system (PN 884-133) for proper lubrication.
The opposite shaft end (opposite impeller) can be greased by the auto grease system or by hand pump, using two or
three pumps every three months with a grease compatible with a high temperature aluminum complex grease.
8.20.2 — Solenoid and Motorized Valves

Solenoid valves and motorized valves require no lubrication.
8.22 — Combustion Adjustments

The frequency of burner adjustments depends upon several factors, including:
• Type of burner.
• Type of fuel.
• Load conditions.
• Ambient temperature.
• Climatic variables.
• General maintenance practices.
The air-fuel ratio should be checked monthly in order to alert the operator to losses in efficiency, which do not
produce visible flame change.
Readjustment of the burner may be required due to variations in fuel composition. A combustion analyzer should
be used to adjust air-fuel ratio for maximum operating efficiency. If your burner requires adjustments, contact
your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative for assistance.
8-32 750-368
EPA Compliance
8.23 — EPA Compliance

In December 2012, changes were finalized to the Environmental Protection Agency’s Clean Air Act standards for
Area Source boilers and Major Source boilers.* Instructions for determining your facility’s Source category, as
well as your boiler’s subcategory (based on boiler size, age, and fuel type) can be found on the Cleaver-Brooks
web site at http://www.cleaverbrooks.com/Reference-Center/EPA-Compliance/Index.aspx.
Cleaver-Brooks will continue to add compliance forms and updates from the EPA as they become available. Visi-
tors to the web site can register to receive email notification of updates.
For additional information see the Environmental Protection Agency web site at http://epa.gov/boilercompliance.
Cleaver-Brooks offers several data monitoring products to facilitate record-keeping and the preparation of compli-
ance reports. Contact your C-B representative to learn about the options available.
*A Major Source facility emits 10 or more tons per year of any single air toxic or 25 tons or more per year of any combination of air toxics.
If your facility does not meet the criteria for a Major Source, it is considered an Area Source.
750-368 8-33
8-34 750-368
CHAPTER 9 Parts
Ordering Parts
Furnish complete information when ordering parts by giving the item number, description, and the quantity of
parts desired, together with the complete boiler nameplate data, including all electrical requirements.
Repair and replacement parts should be ordered from your local Cleaver-Brooks authorized representative.
VESSEL SIZE BOILER HP

55” 100-125
60” 150-200
67” 250-300
78” 350-400
85” 500-600
92” 700-800
106” 900-1200
750-368 9-1
Parts
9.1 — Arch Brick & Liner Tiles
150-300 HP
100-125 HP
ITEM QTY PART NO. DESCRIPTION
ITEM QTY PART NO. DESCRIPTION 150-200 HP 250-300 HP 150-200 HP 250-300 HP
1 1 872-00518 CERAMIC FELT 1 20 36 094-01013 094-00204 LINER TILE
2 18 094-08463 ARCH BRICK 2 20 25 094-01014 094-01038 ARCH BRICK
3 5 lbs 872-00390 CEMENT, JOINT MORTAR 3 5 lbs 10 lbs 872-00390 CEMENT, JOINT MORTAR
4 1 3 872-00655 CERAMIC FELT
2
1
1
2 3
500-1200 HP
350-400 HP
500-600 700-800 900-1200
ITEM QTY PART NO. DESCRIPTION 995 968
1 36 094-00746 LINER TILE 6192
2 29 094-01037 ARCH BRICK 35 35 60 see table
3 10 lbs 872-00390 CEMENT, JOINT MORTAR 48 51 45 see table
4 972 IN^2 872-00518 BULK INSULATION 50
25 40
4 1 BOILER HP ITEM #3 ITEM #4

500-600 094-01010 094-00205
700-800 094-01036 094-00747
900-1000 094-01062 094-01064
1100-1200 094-00938 094-00939
2
9-2 750-368
9.2— Blower Cassette
9.2 — Blower Cassette
NOTE: Impeller size is based on boiler hp, ppm emission level, boiler operating pressure and altitude. To ensure
proper sizing, contact Cleaver-Brooks Aftermarket.
For blower gasket components see 9.19 — Fireside Gaskets
9.2.1 — 100-300 HP CBEX Blower Cartridge Components
FGR Rate Boiler HP HZ Motor Size/ HP 0-150# Impeller 0-150# Group

60 100 60 7.5 192-D-325 E
60 50 7.5 192-D-46 B
60 125 60 7.5 192-C-45 E
60 150 60 5 192-C-43 A
60 200 60 20 192-D-78 C
60 50 20 192-D-312 D
60 250 60 7.5 192-C-84 C
60 50 7.5 192-C-288 C
60 300 60 15 192-C-79 C
60 50 20 192-C-88 D
9 100 60 5 192-C-43 A
9 125 60 7.5 192-C-46 E
9 150 60 7.5 192-C-325 B
9 200 60 15 192-C-85 C
9 250 60 15 192-C-78 C
9 300 60 20 192-330 C
QTY Spacer Part # Description Used on

For Impeller Group “A” 1 077-00438 2.048” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00454 2.048” thk 10-30 mtr hp
For Impeller Group “B” 1 077-00490 1.50” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00493 1.50” thk 10-30 mtr hp
For Impeller Group “C” 1 077-00489 1.04” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00492 1.04” thk 10-30 mtr hp
1 077-00488 .250” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00478 .250” thk 10-30 mtr hp
For Impeller Group “D” 1 077-00491 .750” thk 10-30 mtr hp
1 077-00478 .750” thk 10-30 mtr hp
For Impeller Group “E” 1 077-00585 .750” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00491 .750” thk 10-30 mtr hp
1 077-00433 .625” thk 0-7.5 mtr hp
1 077-00445 .625” thk 10-30 mtr hp
750-368 9-3
Parts
Impeller Grouping List for Altitude Applications

GROUP “A” GROUP “B” GROUP “C” GROUP “D”
1.25" DIA. BORE 1.25" DIA. BORE 1.375" DIA. BORE 1.25" DIA. BORE 1.375" DIA. BORE 1.375" DIA. BORE
0-7.5 MTR. HP. 0-7.5 MTR. HP. 10-30 MTR. HP. 0-7.5 MTR. HP. 10-30 MTR. HP. 10-30 MTR. HP.
192-C-260(14") 192-D-45(19.25") 192-D-314(18") 192-C-83(17") 192-C-77(18") 192-D-312(24")
192-C-261(15") 192-D-46(21") 192-D-283(19.25") 192-C-80(18") 192-D-147(19.125") 192-D-294(24.5”)
192-C-42(16") 192-D-15(23") 192-C-307(20") 192-C-84(20") 192-D-303(19.25") 192-C-87(26")
192-D-313(16.5") 192-325(17") 192-D-285(21") 192-C-85(20")
192-C-43(19.125") 192-328(18") 192-D-315(22") 192-C-78(21”)
192-C-73(17.25") 192-290(22") 192-D-284(23") 192-C-289(22")
192-C-86(23")
192-C-79(24”)
60 PPM Motor Part Number
ODP (60 HZ) ODP (50 HZ) T.E.F.C./High Effic. (60 HZ)
Motor HP 200V 230 & 460V 575V 230 & 380V 200V 230 & 460V
2 894-04520 894-04519 894-04736 894-04745 894-04756 894-04761
3 894-04539 894-04538 894-04737 894-04746 894-04757 894-04762
5 894-04516 894-04515 894-04738 894-04491 894-04541 894-04540
7.5 894-04447 894-04446 894-04654 894-04747 894-04479 894-04478
10 894-04451 894-04450 894-04518 894-04535 894-04481 894-04480
15 894-04455 894-04454 894-04537 894-04748 894-04463 894-04462
20 894-04469 894-04468 894-04739 894-04536 894-04490 894-04489
25 894-04488 894-04487 894-04740 894-04749 894-04758 894-04650
30 894-04733 894-04735 894-04741 894-04750 894-04759 894-04763
WEG TEFC motor part numbers for 30 PPM and less (250HP and up)
208/230/380/
200V 450V 575V 220 & 380V
2 Pole w/1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF

Motor HP 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 50 HZ
10 894-04997 894-04711 894-05006 894-05011
15 894-04998 894-04712 894-04720 894-05012
20 894-04999 894-04713 894-05007 894-05013
25 894-05000 894-04714 894-04721 894-04724
30 894-05001 894-04715 894-04722 894-05014
40 894-05002 894-04716 894-04723 894-05015
50 894-05003 894-04717 894-05008 894-05016
60 894-05004 894-04718 894-05009 894-05017
75 894-05005 894-04719 894-05010 894-05018
9-4 750-368

60 350 60 15 192-D-147 A
60 350 50 15 192-C-86 A
60 400 60 15 192-C-78 A
60 400 50 15 192-D-312 B
30 350 60 15 192-C-289 A
30 350 50 15 192-D-312 B
30 400 60 20 192-C-79 A
30 400 50 20 192-C-88 B
9 350 60 15 192-D-287 A
9 400 60 25 192-C-330 B
QTY Spacer Part # Description

For Impeller Group “A” 2 077-00445 5/8” thk
For Impeller Group “B” 1 077-00445 5/8” thk
1 077-00432 3/8” thk
Impeller Grouping List for Altitude Applications
Impeller Group “A” Impeller Group “B”

1.375” DIA Bore/10-30 MTR HP 1.375” DIA Bore/10-30 MTR HP
192-C-77 (18”) 192-C-330(23")
192-D-147(19.125") 192-C-294(24.5")
192-D-303(19.25") 192-C-87(26")
192-C-85(20") 192-C-88(28")
192-C-78(21") 192-C-89(30")
192-C-289(22") 192-C-90(31")
192-C-86(23")
192-D-287(23.5")
192-C-79(24")
Motor HP 200V 230 & 460V 575V 230 & 380V 200V 230 & 460V
15 894-4455 894-4454 894-4537 894-4748 894-4463 894-4462
20 894-4469 894-4468 894-4739 894-4536 894-4490 894-4489
25 894-4488 894-4487 894-4740 894-4749 894-4758 894-4650
WEG TEFC Motor Part Numbers for 30 PPM and Less
208/230/380/
200V 460V 575V 220 & 380V
2 Pole w/1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF 2 Pole w/ 1.15 SF

Motor HP 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 60 HZ 3 PH 50 HZ
15 894-4998 894-4712 894-4720 894-5012
20 894-4999 894-4713 894-5007 894-5013
25 894-5000 894-4714 894-4721 894-4724
750-368 9-5
Parts

60 500 60 30 192-C-267 B
60 500 50 30 192-C-273 A
60 600 60 40 192-D-271 B
60 600 50 40 192-C-278 B
60 700 60 40 192-304 B
60 700 50 40 192-D-277 B
60 800 60 60 192-C-275 B
30 500 60 30 192-C-267 B
30 500 50 40 192-D-275 B
30 600 60 40 192-C-271 B
30 600 50 30 192-C-276 A
30 700 60 40 192-C-274 B
30 800 60 75 192-279 B
9 500 60 30 192-C-268 B
9 500 50 30 192-C-268 B
9 600 60 50 192-C-274 B
9 600 50 50 192-C-274 B
9 700 60 75 192-C-279 B
9 700 50 75 192-C-279 B
QTY Thickness Spacer Part #

For Impeller Group “A” 1 1/2” 077-00445
For Impeller Group “B” 2 5/16” 077-00479
2 1/4” 077-00495
Motor HP 200V 208-230 & 460V 575V 230 & 380V 200V 208-230 & 460V
894-04451 894-04450 894-04518 894-04535 894-04481 894-04480
15 894-04455 894-04454 894-04537 894-04748 894-04463 894-04462
20 894-04469 894-04468 894-04739 894-04536 894-04490 894-04489
25 894-04488 894-04487 894-04740 894-04749 894-04758 894-04650
30 894-04733 894-04735 894-04741 894-04750 894-04759 894-04763
40 894-04505 894-04669 894-04742 894-04753 894-04510 894-04509
50 894-04508 894-04507 894-04743 894-04754 894-04534 894-04533
60 894-04734 894-04663 894-04744 894-04755 894-04760 894-04764
75 All 75 HP Motors are to be WEG TEFC
WEG TEFC MOTOR PART NUMBERS FOR 30PPM AND LESS

200 VOLT 208-230/460VOLT 575 VOLT (NOTE 2) 220 & 380 VOLT
2 POLE W 1.15 SF 2 POLE W 1.15 SF 2 POLE W 1.15 SF 2 POLE W 1.15 SF
MOTOR HP
3PH, 60HZ 3PH, 60HZ 3PH, 60HZ 3PH, 50HZ
10 894-04997 894-04711 894-05006 894-05011
15 894-04998 894-04712 894-04720 894-05012
20 894-04999 894-04713 894-05007 894-05013
25 894-05000 894-04714 894-04721 894-04724
30 894-05001 894-04715 894-04722 894-05014
40 894-05002 894-04716 894-04723 894-05015
50 894-05003 894-04717 894-05008 894-05016
60 894-05004 894-04718 894-05009 894-05017
75 894-05005 894-04719 894-05010 894-05018
9-6 750-368
9.2.4 — Blower Cassette 900-1200 HP

ITEM QTY Part No. Description
1 1 003-02266-000 BASE, MOTOR MOUNTING, 106" DIA., CBEX ELITE BOILERS
2 1 SEE TABLE BLOWER MOTOR
085-03432-000 SUPPORT, 100 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
3 1
085-03475-000 SUPPORT, 125 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
059-08479-000 GUSSET, 100 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
4 2
059-08662-000 GUSSET, 125 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
5 4 868-00199-000 CAPSCREW, HEX HD., 3/4-10 UNC X 3" LG, A307 GR.A
6 16 952-00124-000 WASHER, FLAT, 3/4" PLAIN STEEL
7 12 869-00018-000 HEX NUT, 3/4-10 UNC X 3" LG., A563 GR.A
077-00480-000 IMPELLER, SPACER, 100 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
8 1
077-00447-000 IMPELLER, SPACER, 125 HP MOTOR, CBEX ELITE BOILERS
9 1 841-00334-000 KEY, 3/8" SQUARE X 2" LG., A108 GR.1018 COLD FINISHED STEEL
10 1 SEE TABLE FAN WHEEL
11 2 077-00446-000 SPACER, IMPELLER, 2-1/2" O.D. X 1-5/8" I.D. X 5/8" THK. (077B432)
12 1 869-00445-000 NUT, SELF LOCKING JAM, 1-3/8" 12 UNF TOPLOCK
2 1
ITEM #2 ITEM #10

BOILER HP FGR RATE MOTOR HP FAN WHEEL
0-150# 151-300# 0-150# 151-300#
900 TBD TBD TBD TBD 10
1000 100 TBD 813-00475-000 TBD
9 ppm
1100 100 TBD 813-00489-000 TBD
1200 125 TBD 813-00471-000 TBD
900 100 TBD 813-00475-000 TBD
1000 100 TBD 813-00471-000 TBD
30 ppm
1100 100 TBD 813-00387-000 TBD
1200 125 TBD 813-00476-000 TBD
3
12
BLOWER MOTOR PART NO.
1 ITEM #2
2 MOTOR HP VOLT PART NO. 9 11 10
100 460 894-05611-000
125 460 894-05639-000
2 8
3
3
4
4 4 1
750-368 9-7
Parts
9.3 — Gas Train

A typical gas train is shown below; configurations may vary. Gas train component selection is based on boiler HP,
emissions level, piping and connection sizes, pressure requirements, and insurance. Contact Cleaver-Brooks
Aftermarket for information regarding your specific application.
GAS TRAIN ELBOW ASSEMBLY
PILOT GAS TRAIN ASSEMBLY

PILOT T
LGPS ASSEM
ASSY.
MANIFOLD P
HGPS
GAUGE ASSE
ASSY.
NT VALVE
Y
S
DOWN STREAM T
ASSEMBLY A
TRANSITION ASSEMBLY
9-8 750-368
9.3— Gas Train
9.3.1 — SSOV Assembly 100-200 HP
750-368 9-9
Parts
9.3.3 SSOV — Assembly 500-600 HP
9-10 750-368
9.3— Gas Train
9.3.5 — Low Gas Pressure Switch
750-368 9-11
Parts
9.3.6 — High Gas Pressure Switch
9-12 750-368
9.3— Gas Train
9.3.7 — Pilot Gas Train
STANDARD PILOT TRAIN

WITHOUT PRV
STANDARD PILOT TRAIN

WITH PRV
750-368 9-13
Parts
9.4 — Actuator Assembly, Fuel Oil
Item Qty Description Part #

1 1 Actuator Bracket 008-03521
2 1 Gasket 032-01295
3 1 Linkage 067-00880
4 1 Jackshaft 074-00529
13 1 Actuator, Servo 945-00259
Motor
19 1 Oil Valve Stem SEE CHART
Oil Stem Chart
Boiler Size Stem Number

100 HP 024-00095
125, 150 HP 024-00096
200 HP 024-00097
250-350 HP 024-00098
400 HP 024-00099
500-700 HP 024-00100
800 HP 024-00101
9-14 750-368
9.5— Actuator Assembly, Air Damper
9.5 — Actuator Assembly, Air Damper

1 1 Actuator, Servo 945-00260
Motor
9.6 — Actuator Assembly, IFGR Valve

1 1 Actuator, 945-00259
Servo Motor
750-368 9-15
Parts
9.7 — Actuator Assembly, Gas Butterfly Valve

1 1 Actuator, Universal Parallel Positioning 945-229
9-16 750-368
9.8— Pressure Controls
9.8 — Pressure Controls
150 PSI 200 PSI 250 PSI 300 PSI

Item Qty Description Part # Part # Part # Part #
1 1 Pressure Gauge 850-00222 850-00222 850-00320 850-00400
2 1 Transmitter 817-04867 817-04868 817-04868 817-04868
3 1 Op. Limit Pressure Control 817-04093 817-04883 817-04147 817-04091
4 1 High Limit Pressure Control 817-04092 817-04148 817-04149 817-04073
750-368 9-17
Parts
9.9 — Water Column, LWCO
150 PSI 200 PSI 250 PSI

Item Qty Description Boiler HP Part # Part # Part #
Level Master 1 1 Water Column, Level Master 100-200 289-00991 289-00991 289-00991
II w/o Tri- 2 1 Sensor Assembly, Level Master 100-200 623-00230 623-00230 623-00230
Cocks
3 1 Ball Valve 100-200 941-00055 941-00055 941-00055
4 1 Ball Valve 100-200 941-01790 941-01790 X
5 1 Gate Valve 100-200 X X 941-00170
1 1 Water Column, Level Master 250-800 289-00830 289-00830 289-00830
2 1 Sensor Assembly, Level Master 250-800 623-00230 623-00230 623-00230
3 1 Ball Valve 250-800 941-00055 941-00055 941-00055
4 1 Ball Valve 250-800 941-01790 X X
5 1 Gate Valve 250-800 X 941-00170 941-00170
Level Master 1 1 Water Column, Level Master 100-200 289-00993 289-00993 289-00993
II w/ Tri- 2 1 Sensor Assembly, Level Master 100-200 623-00230 623-00230 623-00230
Cocks
3 1 Ball Valve 100-200 941-00055 941-00055 941-02656
4 1 Ball Valve 100-200 941-01790 941-01790 X
5 1 Gate Valve 100-200 X X 941-00170
1 1 Water Column, Level Master 250-800 289-00831 289-00831 289-00831
2 1 Sensor Assembly, Level Master 250-800 623-00230 623-00230 623-00230
3 1 Ball Valve 250-800 941-00055 941-02656 941-02656
4 1 Ball Valve 250-800 941-01790 X X
5 1 Gate Valve 250-800 X 941-00170 941-00170
9-18 750-368
9.10— Auxiliary Low Water Cutoff
9.10 — Auxiliary Low Water Cutoff
150 PSI 200 PSI 250 PSI

Item Qty Description Boiler HP Part # Part # Part #
Warrick C2 1 1 ALWCO Control 100-800 817-02372 817-02372 817-02372
2 1 Ball Valve 100-400 941-01790 941-01790 X
2 1 Ball Valve 500-600 941-01657 941-01790 X
2 1 Ball Valve 700-800 941-01657 941-01790 X
3 1 Gate Valve 100-800 X X 941-00170
Warrick 3K-3 1 1 ALWCO Control 100-800 817-02259 817-02259 817-02259
2 1 Ball Valve 100-800 941-01790 941-01790 X
3 1 Gate Valve 100-800 X X 941-00170
McD-M 1 1 ALWCO Control 100-800 817-2407 N/A N/A
150S-B-M 3 1 Gate Valve 100-800 941-00170 N/A N/A
McD-M 93-M 1 1 ALWCO Control 100-800 817-00435 N/A N/A
3 1 Gate Valve 100-800 941-00170 N/A N/A
McD-M 94-M 1 1 ALWCO 100-800 N/A 817-00306 817-00306
3 1 Gate Valve 100-800 N/A 941-00170 941-00170
750-368 9-19
Parts
9.11 — Blower Davit: 55” & 60”
55” 60”
Item Qty Description Part # Part #
1 1 Davit Arm Assembly 287-00052 287-00052
2 1 Threaded Rod 841-01047 841-01047
3 1 Davit Pin 056-00043 056-00043
9-20 750-368
9.12— Front Head Hinge: 55” & 60”
9.12 — Front Head Hinge: 55” & 60”
55” 60”
1 1 Eyebolt, Door Hinge (Lower) 007-00061 007-00061
2 1 Eyebolt, Door Hinge (Upper) 007-00058 007-00058
3 1 Retaining Ring 914-00147 914-00147
4 1 Hinge Pin 056-00002 056-00002
5 1 Oil Gun Bracket 008-03328 008-03328
750-368 9-21
Parts
9.13 — Front Davit Assembly
4 7
Item Qty Description 67” 78” 85” 92” 106”

1 1 Davit Arm (right hand) 287-00088 287-00048 287-00082 287-00110 287-00103
2 1 Stud 841-01594 841-01594 841-01585 841-01585 841-01930
3 1 Restraint Tab 011-00115 011-00115 011-00115 011-00115 011-00116
4 1 Oil Gun Mounting Bracket 008-03326 008-03328 008-03328 008-03328
5 2 Double Row Ball Bearing 807-00031 807-00031 807-00324 807-00324 807-00324
6 1 Front Hinge Pin 056-00026 056-00026 056-00027 056-00027 056-00027
7 1 Spacer 077-00386 077-00386 077-00386 077-00386 952-00250
8 1 Washer 952-00250 952-00250 952-00250 952-00250 952-00250
9-22 750-368
9.14— Front Head Assembly
9.14 — Front Head Assembly
9.14.1 — 55” & 60”
55” 60”
1 1 Inner Door Plate Assembly 132-02731 132-02702
2 1 Bulk Plate 972-00002 972-00002
3 1 Blower Inlet Windbox 039-01740 039-01736
4 1 Front Head 132-02730 132-02704
5 9 Lug 103-00097 103-00097
6 1 Blower Pedestal Assembly 085-04050 085-03140
7 2 Front Head Support 085-01542 085-01542
8 1 Housing to Head Gasket 032-03175 032-03171
9 1 Blanket Insulation 872-01084 872-01084
10 1 Screen 930-00135 930-00135
11 150oz Coating Cement Rigidizer 872-00443 872-00443
12 1 Plate 077-02126 077-02126
13 1 Front Door Hinge 462-00183 462-00183
14 2 Gusset 059-09727 059-00805
15 1 Front Head Interior Insulation 465-02731 465-01675
750-368 9-23
Parts
9.14.2 — 67”
67”
1 1 Inner Door Plate Assembly 132-02701
2 1 Front Head Ring 080-00951
3 1 Air Duct Assembly 039-01733
4 1 Front Head 132-02700
5 10 Lug 103-00097
6 1 Davit Support 085-03301
7 2 Front Head Support 085-01542
8 1 Head Plate Gasket 032-02619
9 1 Blanket Insulation 872-01084
10 1 Screen 930-00135
11 1 Interior Insulation 465-02484
12 180oz Coating Cement Rigidizer 872-00443
9-24 750-368
9.14.3 — 78”
78”
1 1 Inner Door Plate Assembly See Table
2 1 Front Head Ring 080-01460
3 1 Air Duct Assembly 039-01730
4 1 Front Head 132-02684
5 13 Lug 103-00107
6 1 Davit Support 085-03125
7 2 Flat Bar 971-00078
8 1 Head Plate Gasket 032-00898
9 1 Blanket Insulation 872-01084
10 1 Screen 930-00135
11 1 Interior Insulation See Table
12 180oz Coating Cement Rigidizer 872-00443
Assembly No. IFGR Plate Item #1 Item #11

132-02683 (RH) 30 ppm 132-02682 465-01680
132-02740 (RH) 60 ppm 132-02682 N/A
750-368 9-25
Parts
9.14.4 — 85” & 92”
85” 92”
1 1 Inner Door Plate Assembly See Table See Table
2 1 Front Head Ring 080-00935 080-01330
3 1 Air Duct Assembly 039-01727 039-01732
4 1 Front Head 132-02677 132-02696
5 13 Lug 103-00107 103-00107
6 1 Davit Support 085-03119 085-03119
7 2 Flat Bar 971-00078 971-00078
8 1 Head Plate Gasket 032-00993 032-00993
9 1 Blanket Insulation 872-01084 872-01084
10 1 Screen 930-00135 930-00135
11 1 Interior Insulation See Table See Table
Assembly No. IFGR Plate Item #1 Item #11

85” 132-02675 (RH) 30 ppm 132-02674 465-02366
85” 132-02736 (RH) 60 ppm 132-02674 N/A
92” 132-02694 (RH) 30 ppm 132-02695 465-02655
92” 132-02744 (RH) 60 ppm 132-02695 N/A
9-26 750-368
9.14.5 — 106”
29
10
10 29
7
7
1 2
5
31 24
3 8
8 6
6 14 15
5 4 4
6 31
32
9
9
22 27
26 28
30
25 30
750-368 9-27
Parts
9.15 — Burner Installation
9.15.1 — 55”
9-28 750-368
9.15— Burner Installation
9.15.2 — 60”

1 1 656-07965-000 INSTALLATION, BURNER HOUSING TO FURNACE
2 1 146-00334-000 SPUD KIT AND PATTERN (150 HP)
3 1 040-00853-000 BURNER HOUSING, 60" CBWI
4 24 952-00108-000 WASHER, FLAT, 1/2" S.A.E. PLAIN STEEL
5 24 869-00029-000 NUT, HEX, 1/2-13 UNC, BRASS
6 1 057-05027-000 SIZED PIPE, SMLS, 3" NPS x 17-3/4" (T.B.E.)
7 8 oz 872-00558-000 THERMO CEMENT, HIGH TEMPERATURE, 2000 DEG F.
8 1 853-00348-000 BULK PACKING, 1/4" DIA. X 22" LG.
9 1 065-00704-000 RETAINER, MACHINED, FOR 3" PIPE
10 3 860-00015-000 SET SCREW, 3/8-16 UNC X 1/2" LG.
11 1 032-00105-000 GASKET, FRONT HEAD, 60" BOILERS
12 22 841-00507-000 RIVET, SPLIT, AUVECO#1202-C
13 1 032-03170-000 GASKET, BURNER SUPPORT TO HOUSING
14 6 841-00551-000 RIVET, SPLIT, 1/4" X 7/8" LG.
15 1 032-00603-000 GASKET, BURNER HOUSING TO FRONT HEAD
16 1 085-03463-000 SUPPORT, BURNER, 11" ID, 60" BOILERS
17 1 429-01668-000 BURNER DRAWER, 150HP CBWI, 200 FUEL
18 1 032-00605-000 GASKET, BURNER TO HOUSING
19 6 952-00093-000 LOCKWASHER, MEDIUM 3/8" STEEL PLAIN
20 6 868-00157-000 CAPSCREW, HEX HD, 3/8-16 UNC x 1-1/4" LG. A307 GR. A STEEL
21 8 952-00106-000 WASHER, FLAT, 3/8" PLAIN STEEL
22 8 869-00030-000 NUT, HEX, 3/8-16 UNC A307 GR. A
5 4 3 5 4
16 14 13
1 16
15
3
17
2 5 4
13 14
20 19 17
19 20 5 4
18 18
21 22
22 21
15
FRONT HEAD
7
12 11 9 10 8
750-368 9-29
Parts
9.15.3 — 67”, 78”
Item Qty Description 67” Part # 78” Part #

1 1 INSTALL BURNER HOUSING TO FURNACE 656-07965 656-07965
2 1 SPUD KIT AND PATTERN 146-00334 146-00334
3 1 BURNER HOUSING 040-00719 see table
4 1 SIZED PIPE 057-05032 057-05261
5 8 oz HIGH TEMP THERMO CEMENT 872-00558 872-00558
6 1 FRONT HEAD GASKET 032-02602 032-00899
7 34 FASTENER 841-00507 841-00507
8 8 CLAMP 296-00019 296-00019
9 1 SUPPORT, BURNER HOUSING & DRY OVEN 085-00444 085-00444
10 1 GASKET, BURNER BACK PLATE 032-02625 032-02625
11 1 SILICONE TAPE 853-01017 853-01017
12 1 BURNER DRAWER 429-01477 see table
13 1 CLAMP 015-00039 015-00039
14 1 GASKET, BURNER HOUSING SUPPORT 032-00928 032-00928
15 2 SEAL PLATE 059-10003 059-09197
9-30 750-368
9.15.4 — 85”, 92”
750-368 9-31
Parts
9.15.4 continued

500-600 HP 700-800 HP
1 1 656-07965-000 INSTALLATION, BURNER HOUSING TO FURNACE
2 1 146-00334-000 SPUD KIT PATTERN
3 1 SEE TABLE BURNER HOUSING, GAS/OIL
4 12 952-00287-000 WASHER
5 12 869-00002-000 NUT, HEX
6 1 057-01611-000 057-08618-000 SIZED PIPE
7 8 oz 872-00558-000 THERMO CEMENT
8 1 032-02598-000 032-03169-000 GASKET
9 33 065-00704-000 FASTENER
10 8 296-00019-000 CLAMP
11 1 040-00594-000 HOUSING, BURNER SUPPORT
12 24 952-00108-000 WASHER
13 8 869-00029-000 NUT, HEX
14 1 032-02351-000 GASKET, BURNER SUPPORT
15 1 853-01017-000 SILICONE TAPE
16 1 SEE TABLE BURNER DRAWER
17 1 015-00041-000 CLAMP RING
18 16 869-00015-000 NUT, HEX
19 8 952-00106-000 WASHER
20 8 869-00030-000 NUT, HEX
21 2 059-09197-000 SEAL PLATE
BURNER DRAWER TABLE

USAGE ITEM 16 P/N ITEM 3 P/N
500 HP 30-60 PPM 100 FUEL - 040-00884-000
500 HP 30 PPM 101 FUEL 429-01981-000 040-00884-000
500 HP 30 PPM 200 FUEL 429-01981-000 040-00816-000
500 HP 60 PPM 101 FUEL 429-01715-000 040-00816-000
500 HP 60 PPM 200 FUEL 429-01715-000 040-00816-000
500 HP 30 PPM 700 FUEL 429-01982-000 040-00816-000
500 HP 60 PPM 700 FUEL 429-01786-000 040-00816-000
600 HP 30-60 PPM 100 FUEL - 040-00884-000
600 HP 30 PPM 101 FUEL 429-01716-000 040-00884-000
600 HP 30 PPM 200 FUEL 429-01716-000 040-00884-000
600 HP 60 PPM 101 FUEL 429-02082-000 040-00816-000
600 HP 60 PPM 200 FUEL 429-02082-000 040-00816-000
600 HP 30 PPM 700 FUEL 429-01787-000 040-00816-000
600 HP 60 PPM 700 FUEL 429-02081-000 040-00816-000
700 HP 30-60 PPM 100 FUEL - 040-00908-000
700 HP 30-60 PPM 101 FUEL 429-01723-000 040-00908-000
700 HP 30-60 PPM 200 FUEL 429-01723-000 040-00836-000
700 HP 30-60 PPM 700 FUEL 429-01788-000 040-00836-000
800 HP 30-60 PPM 100 FUEL - 040-00908-000
800 HP 30-60 PPM 101 FUEL 429-01724-000 040-00908-000
800 HP 30-60 PPM 200 FUEL 429-01724-000 040-00836-000
800 HP 30-60 PPM 700 FUEL 429-01780-000 040-00836-000
9-32 750-368
9.15.5 — 106”
750-368 9-33
Parts
9.16 — Fireside Gaskets
9-34 750-368
9.16— Fireside Gaskets
Fireside Gaskets (cont’d)
750-368 9-35
Parts
9.17 — Front Head Light Oil/Air Piping
9.17.1 — 100-200 HP
9-36 750-368
9.17— Front Head Light Oil/Air Piping
9.17.2 — 250-350 HP
750-368 9-37
Parts
9.17.3 — 400-800 HP
9-38 750-368
9.17— Front Head Light Oil/Air Piping
9.17.4 — 900-1200 HP
750-368 9-39
e-mail: [email protected]
Web Address: http://www.cleaverbrooks.com

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What is the purpose of maintaining a boiler room log?

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What are some important aspects of maintaining the waterside condition of the pressure vessel?

CBEX Elite

Operation and Maintenance

Manual Part No. 750-368 10/2015

TO: Owners, Operators and/or Maintenance Personnel

CHAPTER 1 Basics 1-1

CHAPTER 2 Burner and Fuel System 2-1

CHAPTER 3 Waterside Care 3-1

CHAPTER 5 Starting and Operating Instructions 5-1

CHAPTER 6 Adjustment Procedures 6-1

CHAPTER 7 Troubleshooting 7-1

CHAPTER 9 Parts 9-1

FIGURE 1-1. Induced Flue Gas Recirculation (IFGR)

1.2 — The Boiler

1.4 — Steam Controls (all fuels)

FIGURE 1-2. Steam Controls

1.4.2 — Low Water Cutoff

FIGURE 1-3. Low Water Cutoff

1.4.3 — Safety Valve(s)

FIGURE 1-4. Safety Valve Piping and Safety Valves

1.5 — Hot Water Controls (all fuels) 100-800 HP only

1.5.1 — Pressure and Temperature Gauges

FIGURE 1-5. Temperature Gauge and Hot Water Controls

1.5.3 — Low Water Cutoff and ALWCO

1.5.4 — Safety Valve(s)

1.6 — IFGR Components

1.7 — Fan/Motor Cassette

FIGURE 1-6. Fan/Motor Cassette

2.1 — The Burner

2.2 — Front Head and Panel

FIGURE 2-1. CBEX Steam Boiler

2.3 — Gas System

Item numbers refer to the table following the illustrations.

FIGURE 2-2. Pilot Gas Train

FIGURE 2-3. Main Gas Train (configurations may vary)

2.4 — Oil System

2.5 — Controls for Combination Burners Only

2.6 — Combustion Air

FIGURE 2-4. Secondary Air Flow Diagram

2.7 — Automatic Ignition

2.8 — Atomizing Air

2.9 — Oil Fuel Flow

FIGURE 2-5. Diagram for Light Oil Flow

2.10 — Gas Fuel Flow

2.11 — Modulating Firing

2.12 — Ultra Low NOx Systems

3.2 — Water Requirements

3.2.1 — Hot Water Boilers (100-800 HP only)

FIGURE 3-1. Dip Tube

Minimum Water Temperature

Rapid Replacement of Boiler Water

Continuous Flow Through the Boiler

System Temperature Drop - Degrees F

FIGURE 3-2. Maximum Circulating Rate Chart

Multiple Boiler Installations

FIGURE 3-3. Internal Boiler Pressure

3.2.2 — Steam Boilers