What is java script

JavaScript is a client-side as well as server side scripting language that can

be inserted into HTML pages and is understood by web browsers. JavaScript
is also an Object based Programming language

Enumerate the differences between Java and JavaScript?

java is a complete programming language. In contrast, JavaScript is a coded

program that can be introduced to HTML pages. These two languages are not
at all inter-dependent and are designed for the different intent. Java is an
object - oriented programming (OOPS) or structured programming language
like C++ or C whereas JavaScript is a client-side scripting language.

What are JavaScript Data Types?

Following are the JavaScript Data types:

 Number
 String
 Boolean
 Object
 Undefined

What is the use of isNaN function?

isNan function returns true if the argument is not a number otherwise it is

false.

Between JavaScript and an ASP script, which is faster?

JavaScript is faster. JavaScript is a client-side language and thus it does not

need the assistance of the web server to execute. On the other hand, ASP is
a server-side language and hence is always slower than JavaScript.
Javascript now is also a server side language (nodejs).

What is negative infinity?

Negative Infinity is a number in JavaScript which can be derived by dividing
negative number by zero.

Which company developed JavaScript?

Netscape is the software company who developed JavaScript.

What are global variables? How are these variable declared and what are
the problems associated with using them?

Global variables are those that are available throughout the length of the
code, that is, these have no scope. The var keyword is used to declare a local
variable or object. If the var keyword is omitted, a global variable is declared.

What is a prompt box?

prompt box is a box which allows the user to enter input by providing a text
box. Label and box will be provided to enter the text or number.

What is 'this' keyword in JavaScript?

This' keyword refers to the object from where it was called.

Explain the working of timers in JavaScript? Also elucidate the

drawbacks of using the timer, if any?

The setTimeout(function, delay) function is used to start a timer that calls a

particular function after the mentioned delay.

The setInterval(function, delay) function is used to repeatedly execute the

given function in the mentioned delay and only halts when cancelled

The clearInterval(id)function instructs the timer to stop.

Timers are operated within a single thread, and thus events might queue up,
waiting to be executed.

What is the difference between ViewState and SessionState?

ViewState' is specific to a page in a session.

'SessionState' is specific to user specific data that can be accessed across all
pages in the web application
. What is === operator?

=== is called as strict equality operator which returns true when the two
operands are having the same value without any type conversion.

Explain how can you submit a form using JavaScript?

To submit a form using JavaScript use document.form[0].submit();

document.form[0].submit();
Does JavaScript support automatic type conversion?

Yes

How can the style/class of an element be changed?

It can be done in the following way:

document.getElementById("myText").style.fontSize = "20?;

or

document.getElementById("myText").className = "anyclass";
Explain how to read and write a file using JavaScript?

There are two ways to read and write a file using JavaScript

 Using JavaScript extensions

 Using a web page and Active X objects

What is called Variable typing in Javascript?

Variable typing is used to assign a number to a variable and the same variable
can be assigned to a string.

Example

i = 10;
i = "string";

This is called variable typing.

How can you convert the string of any base to integer in JavaScript?
he parseInt() function is used to convert numbers between different bases.
parseInt() takes the string to be converted as its first parameter, and the
second parameter is the base of the given string.

In order to convert 4F (of base 16) to integer, the code used will be -

parseInt ("4F", 16);

Explain the difference between "==" and "==="?

"==" checks only for equality in value whereas "===" is a stricter equality test
and returns false if either the value or the type of the two variables are
different.

What would be the result of 3+2+"7"?

Since 3 and 2 are integers, they will be added numerically. And since 7 is a
string, its concatenation will be done. So the result would be 57.

Explain how to detect the operating system on the client machine?

In order to detect the operating system on the client machine, the

navigator.platform string (property) should be used.

What do mean by NULL in Javascript?

The NULL value is used to represent no value or no object. It implies no object

or null string, no valid boolean value, no number and no array object.

What is the function of delete operator?

the delete keyword is used to delete the property as well as its value.

Example

var student= {age:20, batch:"ABC"};

delete student.age;
What is an undefined value in JavaScript?

Undefined value means the

 Variable used in the code doesn't exist

 Variable is not assigned to any value
  Property doesn't exist

What are all the types of Pop up boxes available in JavaScript?

 Alert
 Confirm and
 Prompt
 What is the use of Void(0)?

 Void(0) is used to prevent the page from refreshing and parameter

"zero" is passed while calling.

 Void(0) is used to call another method without refreshing the page.

 How can a page be forced to load another page in JavaScript?

 The following code has to be inserted to achieve the desired effect:

 <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" >


 <!-- location.href="http://newhost/newpath/newfile.html"; //--></script>
 What is the data type of variables of in JavaScript?

 All variables in the JavaScript are object data types.

 What is the difference between an alert box and a confirmation

box?

 An alert box displays only one button which is the OK button.

 But a Confirmation box displays two buttons namely OK and cancel.

 Escape characters (Backslash) is used when working with special

characters like single quotes, double quotes, apostrophes and
ampersands. Place backslash before the characters to make it display.

 Example:

 document.write "I m a "good" boy"

 document.write "I m a \"good\" boy"
 What are JavaScript Cookies?
  Cookies are the small test files stored in a computer and it gets created
when the user visits the websites to store information that they need.
Example could be User Name details and shopping cart information
from the previous visits.

 Explain what is pop()method in JavaScript?

 The pop() method is similar as the shift() method but the difference is
that the Shift method works at the start of the array. Also the pop()
method take the last element off of the given array and returns it. The
array on which is called is then altered.

 xplain what is pop()method in JavaScript?

 The pop() method is similar as the shift() method but the difference is
that the Shift method works at the start of the array. Also the pop()
method take the last element off of the given array and returns it. The
array on which is called is then altered.

 Example:

 var cloths = ["Shirt", "Pant", "TShirt"];

 cloths.pop();
//Now cloth becomes Shirt,Pant

. Whether JavaScript has concept level scope?

No. JavaScript does not have concept level scope. The variable declared
inside the function has scope inside the function.

Mention what is the disadvantage of using innerHTML in JavaScript?

If you use innerHTML in JavaScript the disadvantage is

 Content is replaced everywhere

 We cannot use like "appending to innerHTML"
 Even if you use +=like "innerHTML = innerHTML + 'html'" still the old
content is replaced by html
 The entire innerHTML content is re-parsed and build into elements,
therefore its much slower
  The innerHTML does not provide validation and therefore we can
potentially insert valid and broken HTML in the document and break it
 What is break and continue statements?

 Break statement exits from the current loop.

 Continue statement continues with next statement of the loop.

What are the two basic groups of dataypes in JavaScript?

They are as –

 Primitive
 Reference types.

Primitive types are number and Boolean data types. Reference types are
more complex types like strings and dates.

How generic objects can be created?

Generic objects can be created as:

var I = new object();

What is the use of type of operator?

'Typeof' is an operator which is used to return a string description of the type

of a variable.

Which keywords are used to handle exceptions?

Try… Catch---finally is used to handle exceptions in the JavaScript

Try{
Code
}
Catch(exp){
Code to throw an exception
}
Finally{
Code runs either it finishes successfully or after catch
}
Which keyword is used to print the text in the screen?

document.write("Welcome") is used to print the text – Welcome in the screen.

What is the use of blur function?

Blur function is used to remove the focus from the specified object.

How to find operating system in the client machine using JavaScript?

The 'Navigator.appversion' is used to find the name of the operating system

in the client machine.

What are the different types of errors in JavaScript?

There are three types of errors:

 Load time errors: Errors which come up when loading a web page like
improper syntax errors are known as Load time errors and it generates
the errors dynamically.
 Run time errors: Errors that come due to misuse of the command
inside the HTML language.
 Logical Errors: These are the errors that occur due to the bad logic
performed on a function which is having different operation.
 What is the use of Push method in JavaScript?

 The push method is used to add or append one or more elements to the
end of an Array. Using this method, we can append multiple elements by
passing multiple arguments

What is unshift method in JavaScript?

 Unshift method is like push method which works at the beginning of the
array. This method is used to prepend one or more elements to the
beginning of the array.

What is the difference between JavaScript and Jscript?

 Both are almost similar. JavaScript is developed by Netscape and

Jscript was developed by Microsoft .
 How are object properties assigned?

 Properties are assigned to objects in the following way -

 obj["class"] = 12;
 or

 obj.class = 12;

What is the 'Strict' mode in JavaScript and how can it be enabled?

 Strict Mode adds certain compulsions to JavaScript. Under the strict

mode, JavaScript shows errors for a piece of codes, which did not show
an error before, but might be problematic and potentially unsafe. Strict
mode also solves some mistakes that hamper the JavaScript engines to
work efficiently.
 Strict mode can be enabled by adding the string literal "use strict" above
the file. This can be illustrated by the given example:

 function myfunction() {
 "use strict";
 var v = "This is a strict mode function";
 }

what is the way to get the status of a CheckBox?

 The status can be acquired as follows -

 alert(document.getElementById('checkbox1').checked);

 If the CheckBox will be checked, this alert will return TRUE…

Explain window.onload and onDocumentReady?

The onload function is not run until all the information on the page is loaded.
This leads to a substantial delay before any code is executed.

onDocumentReady loads the code just after the DOM is loaded. This allows
early manipulation of the code

How can a value be appended to an array?

A value can be appended to an array in the given manner -

arr[arr.length] = value;

Explain the for-in loop?

the for-in loop is used to loop through the properties of an object.

The syntax for the for-in loop is -

for (variable name in object){

statement or block to execute
}

Describe the properties of an anonymous function in JavaScript?

function that is declared without any named identifier is known as an

anonymous function. In general, an anonymous function is inaccessible after
its declaration.

Anonymous function declaration -

var anon = function() {

alert('I am anonymous');
};
anon();

What is the difference between .call() and .apply()?

he function .call() and .apply() are very similar in their usage except a little
difference. .call() is used when the number of the function's arguments are
known to the programmer, as they have to be mentioned as arguments in the
call statement. On the other hand, .apply() is used when the number is not
known. The function .apply() expects the argument to be an array.

The basic difference between .call() and .apply() is in the way arguments are
passed to the function. Their usage can be illustrated by the given example.

Define event bubbling?

avaScript allows DOM elements to be nested inside each other. In such

a case, if the handler of the child is clicked, the handler of parent will
also work as if it were clicked too.

Is JavaScript case sensitive? Give an example?

 yes, JavaScript is case sensitive. For example, a function parseInt is not
same as the function Parseint.

What boolean operators can be used in JavaScript?

The 'And' Operator (&&), 'Or' Operator (||) and the 'Not' Operator (!) can be
used in JavaScript.

*Operators are without the parenthesis.

This can be done by including the name of the required frame in the hyperlink
using the 'target' attribute.

<a href="/newpage.htm" target="newframe">>New Page</a>

Write the point of difference between web-garden and a web-farm?

Both web-garden and web-farm are web hosting systems. The only difference
is that web-garden is a setup that includes many processors in a single server
while web-farm is a larger setup that uses more than one server.

How are object properties assigned?

Assigning properties to objects is done in the same way as a value is

assigned to a variable. For example, a form object's action value is assigned
as 'submit' in the following manner - Document.form.action="submit"

What is the method for reading and writing a file in JavaScript?

This can be done by Using JavaScript extensions (runs from JavaScript

Editor), example for opening of a file -

fh = fopen(getScriptPath(), 0);

How are DOM utilized in JavaScript?

DOM stands for Document Object Model and is responsible for how various
objects in a document interact with each other. DOM is required for
developing web pages, which includes objects like paragraph, links, etc.
These objects can be operated to include actions like add or delete. DOM is
also required to add extra capabilities to a web page. On top of that, the use
of API gives an advantage over other existing models.
How are event handlers utilized in JavaScript?

Events are the actions that result from activities, such as clicking a link or
filling a form, by the user. An event handler is required to manage proper
execution of all these events. Event handlers are an extra attribute of the
object. This attribute includes event's name and the action taken if the event
takes place

explain the role of deferred scripts in JavaScript?

By default, the parsing of the HTML code, during page loading, is paused until
the script has not stopped executing. It means, if the server is slow or the
script is particularly heavy, then the webpage is displayed with a delay. While
using Deferred, scripts delays execution of the script till the time HTML parser
is running. This reduces the loading time of web pages and they get displayed
faster.

What are the various functional components in JavaScript?

The different functional components in JavaScript are-

First-class functions: Functions in JavaScript are utilized as first class

objects. This usually means that these functions can be passed as arguments
to other functions, returned as values from other functions, assigned to
variables or can also be stored in data structures.

Nested functions: The functions, which are defined inside other functions,
are called Nested functions. They are called 'everytime' the main function is
invoked.

What are Screen objects?

Screen objects are used to read the information from the client's screen. The
properties of screen objects are -

 AvailHeight: Gives the height of client's screen

 AvailWidth: Gives the width of client's screen.
 ColorDepth: Gives the bit depth of images on the client's screen
 Height: Gives the total height of the client's screen, including the taskbar
 Width: Gives the total width of the client's screen, including the taskbar