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Basics of Refrig PDF

Danny McDougall and Richard Perkin gave a presentation on basic refrigeration systems to the IOSH Food and Drink Group. They discussed the four main components of a basic refrigeration cycle including the compressor, evaporator, condenser, and metering device. They also summarized different types of refrigeration systems such as direct expansion, flooded/gravity feed, low pressure receiver, and 2-stage pump circulation systems. The presentation covered advances in ammonia refrigeration including more reliable components, improved system design, better safety systems, and changes to plant management with more efficient equipment and controls.

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HoàngViệtAnh
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107 views17 pages

Basics of Refrig PDF

Danny McDougall and Richard Perkin gave a presentation on basic refrigeration systems to the IOSH Food and Drink Group. They discussed the four main components of a basic refrigeration cycle including the compressor, evaporator, condenser, and metering device. They also summarized different types of refrigeration systems such as direct expansion, flooded/gravity feed, low pressure receiver, and 2-stage pump circulation systems. The presentation covered advances in ammonia refrigeration including more reliable components, improved system design, better safety systems, and changes to plant management with more efficient equipment and controls.

Uploaded by

HoàngViệtAnh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Presentation to

IOSH Food and Drink Group

Danny McDougall – Richard Perkin

0
Who Are We?

Established 1970
Turnover £30m
260 employees

1
Basic Refrigeration Cycle – 4 Main Components

Compressor Evaporator

Condenser Metering Device

2
Basic Refrigeration Cycle – Vapour Compression

3
Basic Refrigeration – Direct Expansion (DX)

Direct Expansion Small / Medium


(DX) Chill Stores
HC & HFC’s

Small / Medium Small to Medium


Chillers Cold Stores

4
Basic Refrigeration – Flooded / Gravity Feed

Gravity Feed
Medium Large
(Flooded)
Water Chillers
CO2 & NH3

Cascade Plant
Spiral Freezers
Condenser /
Evaporators

5
Basic Refrigeration – Low Pressure Receiver

Low Pressure Small / Large


Receiver LPR Plate HX
NH3 & HFC’s HT/LT Applications

Medium / Large
Medium / Large
Spiral / Tunnel
Chill and Cold
Freezing
Storage
Chilling

6
Basic Refrigeration – 2Stage Pump Circulation

2Stage Pump
Large Chill &
Circulation
Cold Storage
NH3 and CO2

Large Processing
Large Spiral / Blast
Factories –
Chilling &
All cooling
Freezing

7
Basic Refrigeration – System Type Summary

8
Basic Refrigeration – Ammonia vs R22

Ammonia
R22
(NH3)
Natural Man Made

Pure Pure

Toxic Non-Toxic

Flammable Non-Flammable

ODP=0 ODP=0.055

ODP=0 ODP=1700

9
Advances in Ammonia Refrigeration

10
Installations

PAST PRESENT
Cold stores and...

Freezers Food processing

Breweries Chemical and


Pharmaceutical
Dairies
production
Ice production
Building services

Distinct Ammonia smell No smell of Ammonia

Oil drums No oil drums


Water drums No water drums

11
Reasons for Wider Use

More reliable
Improved
components
EFFICIENT system design

Advances
in plant
control
Legislation for
SAFE Ammonia
Better safety systems and
systems plant rooms

12
Components
Reciprocating Screw

Variable Speed Drives


Hand Regulated or
Electronic Expansion Valves
Thermostatic Valves
Open Drive Pumps Semi-Hermetic Pumps

Shell and Tube HX Plate HX

Oil Separators Valves


Adiabatic Condensers
and Coalescers

13
System Design and Construction

Large System Charge Reduced (Critical) Charge

Flanged Pipes Welded Pipes


and Fittings and Fittings

Internal (Roof Void) External (Rooftop)


Valve Stations Valve Stations

Leaky Leak Tight

Water/Glycol Volatile Secondary


Secondary System System e.g CO2

14
Plant Management

High Efficiency Oil


Frequent Manual Separation and
Oil Draining Automatic Recovery

Mechanical/Manual Automatic PLC


Plant Control Plant Control

Fixed Speed Variable Speed


Pumps & Fans Pumps & Fans

Fixed Head Pressure Floating Head Pressure

Manual Air Purging Automatic Air Purging

15
www.eLearning-training.com

16

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