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Software Engineering: CMP:3310 For M.SC (IT) University of Sargodha

This document provides an overview and summary of key concepts from a lecture on software engineering and systems analysis and design. It discusses introductory topics like the definition of information technology and systems development. It also covers the components of information systems including hardware, software, data, processes, and people. Additionally, it defines different types of information systems such as enterprise computing systems, transaction processing systems, business support systems, and knowledge management systems. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding the business and its operations when designing information systems through processes like business process modeling and developing a business profile.

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133 views9 pages

Software Engineering: CMP:3310 For M.SC (IT) University of Sargodha

This document provides an overview and summary of key concepts from a lecture on software engineering and systems analysis and design. It discusses introductory topics like the definition of information technology and systems development. It also covers the components of information systems including hardware, software, data, processes, and people. Additionally, it defines different types of information systems such as enterprise computing systems, transaction processing systems, business support systems, and knowledge management systems. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding the business and its operations when designing information systems through processes like business process modeling and developing a business profile.

Uploaded by

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 04

Software
Engineering
CMP:3310
For
M.Sc (IT) University of Sargodha

Prepared by : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur)


Concepts to discuss :

 Intro to System analysis and Design


 Business Information Systems
 Information System Components
 Types of information System
 Evaluating Software
 Make or Buy Decision

Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 2


1. Introduction To System Analysis and Design:
Information Technology :
Information technology (IT) refers to the combination
of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage,
communicate, and share information.

Tina: Yes, the best system in the world isn’t worth much unless it supports business and
information needs. But let’s not get ahead of ourselves. First, we need to talk about business
information systems in general. Then we’ll build a business model so we can understand the
specific operations and processes at the bookstore. We’ll also discuss systems analysis and design
tools and techniques. Let’s start with an overview of information systems and their characteristics.

 IBM (international business machine)


 Read case Study from book

Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 3


Systems Development:
A System is a set of related components that produces specific
results. For example, specialized systems route Internet traffic

Business information systems are developed by people who are technically qualified,
business-oriented, and highly motivated. Successful developers also must be good
communicators with strong analytical and critical thinking skills.

System analysis and design:


Systems analysis and design is a step-by-step process for
developing high-quality information systems.
An information system combines information technology, people, and data to support
business requirements. For example, information systems handle daily business transactions

The IT department team includes systems analysts who plan, develop, and maintain
information systems.
Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 4
2. Business Information Systems
Business information systems (BIS) can be defined as systems
integrating information technology, people and business. BIS bring
business functions and information modules together for establishing
effective communication channels which are useful for making timely
and accurate decisions and in turn contribute to organisational
productivity and competitiveness.

Every system requires input data. For example, your computer receives data when you
press a key or click a menu command. In an information system, data consists of
basic facts that are the system’s raw material. Information is data that has been
transformed into output that is valuable to users.

Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 5


A new set of system definitions includes enterprise computing systems, transaction
processing systems, business support systems, knowledge management systems, and
user productivity systems.

Enterprise computing refers to information systems that support company-wide operations and
data management requirements. Wal-Mart’s inventory control system and Boeing’s production control
system
Transaction processing (TP) systems process data generated by day-to-day business operations.
Examples of TP systems include customer order processing system.
Business support systems also called Management Information System provide job-related
information support to users at all levels of a company. These systems can analyze transactional data,
generate information needed to manage and control business processes, and provide information that
leads to better decision-making. E.g. payroll processing
Knowledge management systems are called expert systems because they simulate human
reasoning by combining a knowledge base and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is
applied. A knowledge management system uses inference rules, which are logical rules that identify
data patterns and relationships.

Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 6


3. Information System Components
An information system has five key components, as shown in
Figure below: hardware, software, data, processes, and people.

Read details from 2nd book page 8


Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 7
UNDERSTAND THE BUSINESS:
IT professionals must understand a company’s operations to
design successful systems. Each business situation is different. For example, a retail store, a medical
practice, and a hotel chain all have unique information systems requirements. Systems analysts use a
process called business process modeling to represent company operations and information needs.
Business process modeling requires a business profile and a series of models that document business
processes.

Business Profile:
A business profile is an overview of a company’s mission, functions, organization, products,
services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction.

Business Process:
A business process is a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be
described and documented. A business process model (BPM) graphically displays one
or more business processes, such as handling an airline reservation, filling a product order, or
updating a customer account.

Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 8


Organizational Level Business Functions

Read page 18 from 2nd book


Prepared By : Shaukat Ali (Lecturer at Oxbridge College Kasur) 9

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