QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS
is defined as “the set of inter-
acting regulations concerning the
physical utilization of a lot and
governing the planning/design of
spaces and/or the use or
occupancy of a building to be
introduced on a lot.”
TOTAL LOT AREA
The Total Lot Area (TLA) is the
surface area of a property on
which a proposed building is to
be constructed.
SETBACK
The setback is the horizontal
distance measured 90° from
the outermost face of the
building to the property lines
which expressed in meters.
YARD
The yard is the area of
required open space within the
lot which is essential to allow
the flow of light and ventilation
inside the building.
SECTION 804 of RULE VIII
contains the minimum
setbacks for different types of
occupancies.
TABLE VIII.2 of PD 1096
minimum setbacks for
residential buildings are shown
TABLE VIII.3 of PD 1096
minimum setbacks for
commercial, industrial,
institutional and recreational
buildings are shown.
ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
is the maximum portion of the
lot that may be occupied by
the building at grade level
after satisfying setback, yard
and court requirements.
 The area of
the AMBF is
measured from
the outermost
face of the
exterior walls of
the proposed
building.
WAYS TO COMPUTE AMBF
1. First is by determining the
maximum PSO and using the
formula AMBF = PSO x TLA
see Table VIII.1
Table VII.1
Table VIII.G.6
WAYS TO COMPUTE AMBF
2. Second is by applying the
setbacks in order to define the
boundaries of the building
footprint.
see Figure VIII.1 Table VIII.3
Table VIII.2
PERCENTAGE OF SITE
OCCUPANCY
The Percentage of Site
Occupancy (PSO) is the
percentage of the maximum
allowable enclosed floor area of
any building in relation to the
Total Lot Area.
PERCENTAGE OF SITE
OCCUPANCY
It can be calculated by dividing
the area of the building foot print
by the lot area (PSO = AMBF/TLA)
BUILDING HEIGHT LIMIT (BHL)
BHL IS THE MAXIMUM HEIGHT
ALLOWED FOR BUILDING BASED
ON THEIR PROPOSED USE OR
OCCUPANCY.

BASED ON TABLE VII.2 OF NBC

SAMPLE PROBLEM
A proposed high rise commercial building project on a
project site having a relatively flat slope.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A privately owned company has decided that its C-3
zoned property with a TLA of 2400 sq.m. located in an
urban area in Manila be developed into a high rise
commercial building will have a firewall.
PROJECT SITE FEATURES
The project site is an inside lot with a 40m wide frontage
facing a 20m wide RROW with a 2m wide sidewalk on
each side.
QUESTIONS
1. What is the maximum
allowable PSO based on Table
VIII.1 of PD 1096?

ANSWER: PSO = 80% of TLA

QUESTIONS
2. What is the allowable
maximum building footprint with
firewall?
a. Using PSO in Table VIII.1
AMBF = PSO x TLA
= 90% x 2400 sq.m
= 2160 sq.m
b. Using PSO in Table VII.1
AMBF = PSO x TLA
= 85% x 2400 sq.m
= 2040 sq.m
c. Using Table VIII.G.6
TLA – TOSL (in percentage)
TOSL = 15%
100% - 15% = 85%

AMBF = PSO x TLA

= 85% x 2400 sq.m
= 2040 sq.m.
d. Using Setbacks Table VIII.3
3
FRONT – 5m
REAR – 3m

W = 40m
L = 52m
5 AMBF = 40m x 52m
20m RROW AMBF = 2080 sq.m.
d. Using Setbacks Table VIII.3
FRONT – 5m
SIDE – 3m
3
W = 40m – 3m = 37m
L = 60m – 5m = 55m
5 AMBF = 37m x 55m
20m RROW
AMBF = 2035 sq.m.
PSO = AMBF
TLA
= 2035
2400
= 84.79%
BHL BASED ON TABLE VII.2 OF
NBC

BHL = 180m
MAX. NO. OF STOREYS = 60
STOREYS AT 3m FLOOR TO
FLOOR HEIGHT
SEATWORK
A proposed restaurant project on a site having a
relatively flat slope.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A privately owned company has decided that its C-1
zoned property with a TLA of 300 sq.m. located in an urban
area in Manila be developed into a high rise commercial
building.
PROJECT SITE FEATURES
The project site is an inside lot with a 15m wide frontage
facing a 16m wide RROW.
QUESTIONS:
1. What is the allowable maximum building
footprint with firewall?
2. What is the allowable maximum building
footprint without firewall?
3. What is the Maximum Allowable
Percentage of Site Occupancy of the
project without firewall?
ALLOWABLE MAXIMUM
VOLUME OF BUILDING (AMVB)
-THE LIMIT OF THE TOTAL
VOLUME OF SPACE THAT CAN
BE OCCUPIED BY A BUILDING
ABOVE GRADE LEVEL.
-EXPRESSED IN CUBIC METERS
TWO TYPES OF AMVB
1. INITIAL AMVB
-INITIAL AMVB ALSO CALLED
THE FOOTPRINT PRISM, CAN BE
COMPUTED BY MULTIPLYING THE
AMBF BY THE BHL EXPRESSED IN
METERS.
INITIAL AMVB = AMBF x BHL
TWO TYPES OF AMVB
2. FINAL AMVB
-THE FINAL AMVB IS EQUAL TO
THE INITIAL AMVB MINUS THE
VOLUME OF THE BUILDING
ABOVE THE ANGULAR PLANE TO
SATISFY LIGHT & VENTILATION.
SKY EXPOSURE PLANE
DICTATING BUILDING
SETBACK AT HIGHER FLOORS

PROBABLE BULDING
FORM AFTER APPLYING
OFB
INCREMENTAL SETBACK
THE HORIZONTAL DISTANCE
BETWEEN THE OUTERMOST
BUILDING/LINE OF A LOWER
FLOOR AND THAT OF A HIGHER
FLOOR.
GROSS FLOOR AREA
THE TOTAL FLOOR SPACE WITHIN THE
PERIMETER OF THE PERMANENT
EXTERNAL BUILDING WALLS (INCLUSIVE
OF MAIN AND AUXILIARY BUILDINGS)
SUCH AS OFFICE AREAS, RESIDENTIAL
AREAS, CORRIDORS, LOBBIES AND
MEZZANINE LEVELS.
GROSS FLOOR AREA
EXCLUDE THE FOLLOWING AREAS:
1. PARKING AREAS, DRIVEWAYS,
SERVICES AND UTILITIES
2. VERTICAL PENETRATIONS
3. UNCOVERED AREAS FOR HELIPADS,
AIR-CONDITIONING COOLING
TOWERS, ROOFDECKS, LAUNDRY
AREAS, SWIMMING POOL, ETC.
GROSS FLOOR AREA
FORMULA:
GFA = TLA x FLAR
FLOOR TO LOT AREA RATIO
THE RATIO BETWEEN THE
GROSS FLOOR AREA OF A
BUILDING AND THE TOTAL LOT
AREA OF THE LOT ON WHICH IT
STANDS.
FORMULA: FLAR = GFA/TLA
TOTAL GROSS FLOOR AREA
THE TOTAL FLOOR SPACE WITHIN
THE MAIN AND AUXILIARY
BUILDINGS PRIMARILY CONSISTING
OF THE GFA AND ALL OTHER
SUPPORT AREAS.
FORMULA:
TGFA = GFA + NON-GFA AREAS
TOTAL OPEN SPACE WITHIN LOT
TOTAL OPEN SPACE REQUIRED
FOR EACH TYPE OF
USE/OCCUPANCY FOR A GIVEN
LOT EXPRESSED AS A PERCENTAGE
OF THE TOTAL LOT AREA.
FORMULA: TOSL = TLA – PSO
TOSL = ISA + USA
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE AREA
THE PERCENTAGE OF THE
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE FLOOR
AREA ON ANY PAVED, TILED OR
HARDSCAPED SURFACE AT THE
GROUND FLOOR/GRADE LEVEL
OUTSIDE THE BUILDING IN RELATION
TO THE TLA.
UNPAVED SURFACE AREA
THE PORTION OF THE LOT THAT
SHALL BE RESERVED FOR
SOFTSCAPING/PLANTING.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
CONSTRUCTION AREA
THE COMBINED TOTAL OF THE
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
PERCENTAGE OF SITE OCCUPANCY
AND THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE.
FORMULA: MACA = PSO + ISA
SAMPLE PROBLEM
A proposed high rise commercial building project on a
project site having a relatively flat slope.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
A privately owned company has decided that its C-3
zoned property with a TLA of 2400 sq.m. located in an urban
area in Manila be developed into a high rise commercial
building shall not have a firewall.
PROJECT SITE FEATURES
The project site is an inside lot with a 40m wide frontage
facing a 20m wide RROW with a 2m wide sidewalk on each
side.
1. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM GFA
OF THE PROJECT?
USING TABLE VII.G.1
GFA = TLA x FLAR
= 2400 sq.m. x 34
= 81, 600 sq.m.
2. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM TGFA?
STEP 1: Determine the zone and
type of the lot. Know also
whether the building will have
a firewall or not.
STEP 2: Refer to Table VII.1
FORMULA:
TGFA = BHL x PSO x TLA
TGFA = 30 x 75% x 2400 sq.m.
TGFA = 54,000 sq.m.
STEP 3: Refer to Table VII.G.2
FORMULA:
TGFA = GFA x MULTIPLIER
TGFA = 81, 600 sq.m. x 1.50
TGFA = 122, 400 sq.m.
STEP 4: Refer to Table VII.2
FORMULA:
TGFA = AMBF x BHL (no. of
floors)
TGFA = 1,768 sq.m. x 60
TGFA = 106, 080 sq.m.
STEP 5: Select the most stringent
TGFA = 54, 000 sq.m.
TGFA = 122, 400 sq.m.
TGFA = 106, 080 sq.m.
3. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM ISA?
USING TABLE VIII.1

ISA = 15% OF TLA

ISA = 0.15 x 2400 sq.m.
ISA = 360 sq.m.
4. WHAT IS THE MINIMUM USA?
USING TABLE VIII.1

USA = 5% OF TLA
USA = 0.05 x 2400 sq.m.
USA = 120 sq.m.
5. WHAT IS THE TOTAL OPEN
SPACE WITHIN LOT?
TOSL = ISA + USA
TOSL = 15% + 5%
TOSL = 15 %

TOSL = 15% OF TLA

TOSL = 0.15 x 2,400 sq.m.
TOSL = 360 sq.m.
6. WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM MACA?
USING TABLE VIII.1
MACA = PSO + ISA
MACA = 80% + 15%
MACA = 95%

MACA = 95% OF TLA

MACA = 0.95% x 2400 sq.m.
MACA = 2, 280sq.m.
USING PERCENTAGE
PSO = AMBF/TLA
PSO = 1768
2400
PSO = 0.7367 or 73.67%

TOSL = TLA- PSO

TOSL = 100% - 73.67%
TOSL = 26.33%
USING PERCENTAGE
MIN. USA = TOSL - ISA
MIN. USA = 26.33% - 15%
MIN. USA = 11.33%

MACA = PSO + ISA

MACA = 73.67% + 15%
MACA = 88.67%
7. WHAT IS THE INITIAL AMVB?
USING TABLE VII.G.1

AMVB = AMBF x BHL

AMVB = 1,768 sq.m. x BHL (in meters)
AMVB = 318, 240 cubic meters
8. AT WHAT FLOOR SHALL THE FRONT
INCREMENTAL SETBACK START TO AFFECT
THE FOOTPRINT PRISM OF THE BUILDING?

USING TABLE VII.G.3 (60°)

FORMULA: TAN  θ = OPPOSITE

ADJACENT
USING TABLE VII.G.3 (60°)
FORMULA: TAN  θ = OPPOSITE
ADJACENT
TAN  θ = y (vertical distance; unknown height)
x (horizontal distance; ½ RROW +
front setback)
TAN  60 = y/ 10 + 5
TAN  60 = y/ 15
y = tan60 (15)
y = 25.98 m
TAN = 25.98 m

25.98 m
3 m ------ floor to floor height

8.66 or 9th floor